New vaccine introduction pentavalent vaccine india_b_ankura
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Transcript of New vaccine introduction pentavalent vaccine india_b_ankura
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New Vaccine Introduction- Pentavalent
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Pentavalent VaccineFive -in- one Pentavalent Vaccine
One vaccine against Five diseases
(DPT+ Hepatitis B +HiB)
1. Diphtheria2. Pertussis3. Tetanus4. Hepatitis B5. Haemophilus
Influenza B (HiB)
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What is Hib? What diseases does it cause?
Hib is the abbreviation for Haemophilus influenzae type b, a gram negetive encapsulated cocco bacilus that causes severe infections, as listed below.
Bacterial meningitis – inflammation of the membranes that cover and protect the spinal cord and brain. It is a serious infection.
Pneumonia – inflammation of the lungs.
Epiglottitis – inflammation of the area around the vocal cords and obstruction of the airway. Septic arthritis – inflammation of the joints.
Septicaemia/Sepsis – presence of pathogenic bacteria in the blood. Rarely caused by HIB but always fatal
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Cellulitis6%
Arthritis8% Bacteremia
2%
Meningitis50%
Epiglottitis17%
Pneumonia15%
Osteomyelitis2%
Haemophilus influenzae type bClinical Features
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Key facts about 5th component of Pentavalent (HIB)
1. Globally, Hib kills more than 370,000 children under fiveevery year. Nearly 20% of symptomatic children die in India. Hib disease survivors are often permanently paralysed,become deaf or get brain damaged.
2. 3 primary dose usually confer protection for more than 15 years
3. Hib vaccine can prevent over a third of pneumonia cases and 90% of Hib meningitis cases.
4. Not a contraindication , rather specially indicated in case of Asplenia , Sickle cell anaemia , HIV & Other Immunodeficiency
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Pentavalent Vaccine : Basic Information
• Site of injection: Same as DPT or Hep B vaccine- anterolateral aspect of mid-thigh in infants
• Dose: 0.5 ml dose of the vaccine administered intramuscularly.
• Route: Injected intramuscularly (I/M) using auto disable (AD) syringe
• Age group: 3 doses at 6, 10 and 14 weeks. No booster dose. • Formulation: It is a liquid vaccine so diluent is not required.• Presentation: 10-dose vial.• Storage: +2°C to +8°C in ILR; should not be frozen.
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1 Pentavalent vaccine introduction and scale up.
Pentavalent vaccine introduced – 8 states
178.7 lakhs (1.78 crores) children vaccinated up to April 2014.
1
Pentavalent vaccine introduction proposed in Oct 2014 – 11 states
Pentavalent vaccine introduction proposed in Apr 2015 – 16 states
States Pentavalent introduction plan Oct 2014
1 Andhra Pradesh
2 Assam
3 Bihar
4 Chhattisgarh
5 Delhi
6 Jharkhand
7 Madhya Pradesh
8 Punjab
9 Rajasthan
10 Uttarakhand
11 West Bengal
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• Pentavalent vaccine will replace DPT 1, 2, 3 and Hep 1, 2, 3 doses.• Hep B vaccine will be continued only as birth dose (within 24 hours)
in case of institutional deliveries. • DPT vaccine will be continued in the RI program as booster dose at 16-24 months and 5 years.• Once pentavalent vaccine reaches states , then existing DPT and
Hep B Vaccine stocks will need attention. • Infants that have already started with DPT vaccination will continue
and complete the schedule with DPT vaccine.• Upper age limit in UIP is 1 year• Interchangeability between licensed brands is acceptable • Open vial policy will be followed with pentavalent vaccine. VVM is
present on the vial.
Pentavalent Vaccine : Key points to Remember
Pentavalent vaccine is an expensive vaccine, minimize wastage .
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District Hep B Wastage 2013-2014PURULIA 29UTTAR DINAJPUR 23.05BANKURA 22MURSHIDABAD 22KOLKATA 20.87KOCHBIHAR 20.61HOWRAH 20.0624-PARGANAS SOUTH 14.4PASCHIM MEDINIPUR 13.09NADIA 9.8MALDA 9.4HUGLI 1.724-PARGANAS NORTH 1.2JALPAIGURI 1
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Some Common Block/PU level issues which need to be addressed before launching Pentavalent
• Incomplete RI micro planning- leading poor defaulter tracking & vaccine wastage
• Implementation of Open vial policy– Not universally followed according to guideline (Time/Date not written)
• Repair/ Maintenance of cold chain equipment system – slow response & irregular process
• Lagging of MCTS updating- connectivity problem/ ANMs are not updating the service/ Knowledge Gap
• Lack of accountable human resource & lack of Focus in Urban area
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• Communication Plan preparations– Sensitization meeting under chairmanship of DM involving all
major Private Health facilities, Private Paediatrician & NGOs– Written communication/sharing IEC if needed specially who
has not been sensitized so far– Orientation of media by DM & CMOH (print, electronic, web
based)…. To prevent base less rumor. • Training preparations – Training of all medical officers and other health
personnel (BPHN/PHN, HWs, MOs, Supervisors, AYUSH)– Sensitize vaccine & cold chain handlers, data handlers,
frontline health workers - ASHA/ AWW.
Key preparatory activities prior to launch(Learnings from states that have already introduced vaccine).
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• Strengthen AEFI surveillance– AEFI Committee formation– AEFI management Kit for all Blocks– Regular district level review meeting on RI (monthly DTFI)
• Micro planning preparations– Existing RI microplan– Very costly vaccine – so wastage should be minimized– No. of session should be guided by geographical distribution of
population & injection load (25-50/month for OR & 40-70/Month for SC)– Good AVD Plan- Daily vaccine return is mandatory– Block level Microplanning Meeting for Updating of MP ( in Standard
format)– By end of September - Vaccine & Logistic supply from state will be done
after submission of The Checklist.
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We have to prevent the effect
of this type of baseless rumor
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Simultaneously we have to arrange for the
circulation of the correct message to the
community
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Thank you