TOPIC:

NEW TRENDS IN MOBILE NETWORKING

Accredited by NAAC of UGC, New Delhi with A Grade

Y. Krishna Kalpana

S. Junaid Faisal

C. Jyoshna

A. Jyothi

J. Karthik Kumar

K. Kavitha

U. Kavitha

G. Kusuma Latha

1973

Mobile phones are becoming media phones WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) brings standard way to

connect mobile customers to content services

Now nearly there are 2 billion mobile phone users!

50 Milj.

Users

RadioTV

WWW

Internet

GSM

35 Years155

Today there are more than 150 million GSM

subscribers world wide

WAP

The four modes for WAP communications are:

Mode UDP Port WTLS Security

◦ Connectionless 9200 No

◦ Connection 9201 No

◦ Connectionless 9202 Yes

◦ Connection 9203 Yes

Web Server

Content

CGI

Scripts

etc.

WM

L D

ecks

wit

h W

ML

-Scr

ipt

WAP Gateway

WML Encoder

WMLScript

Compiler

Protocol Adapters

Client

WML

WML-

Script

WTAI

Etc.

HTTPWSP/WTP

The first Screen of the

Application

The icon of the

applicationInstalled

on the phone

List of functionalities of

the application on the

mobile phone

Case Reporting form

with save and send

options

◦ Provide a two way communication between the client (mobile phones in the fields) and the server.

◦ This includes sending messages, receiving messages and providing communication history where the sent and received messages can be viewed.

◦ Keep track of the contact details of the users who communicate with the system.

Basic functionalities of the system:

◦ The type of message can be assistance request, so it identifies the type of message accepted and store appropriately.

◦ A number of messages are expected to be received at a time, Therefore the system should be able to manage this.

◦ Different users with different access levels will use the web application, therefore manage the users of the system and provide security.

Client Side System

Selection of the Development Environment

The client device (the mobile phone device) selected:

◦ Android OS based phone

Forms Manager

◦ Viewing the Received Forms

◦ Editing the Received Forms

Report Generator

◦ Viewing the Reports

◦ Analysis the Reports

User Manager

◦ Logging in to the System

◦ Using the User Manager

Creating New User/Contact

Editing User/Contact

Message Manager

◦ Sending SMS messages

◦ View Sent Messages

◦ Receiving SMS Messages

12CODIST-II

Free and Open Source OS

Future trend of development and application

Localization capability

Availability of applications

Others: Handset layouts, Storage, Connectivity,

Messaging, Web browser, Java support, Media

support, Development environment, Market, support

of manufacturers, etc.

De-facto world standard for wireless information and telephony services on digital mobile phones and other wireless terminals

"Internet in Every Pocket“ Objectives:General environment for wireless applications Internet or Intranet-like services and content to

mobile terminalsNetwork, bearer and manufacturer independent

WAP ForumStarted 1997 by Nokia, Ericsson, Motorola and

Unwired PlanetNow close to 500 member companies

The processor handling operational issues may handle records that drill down deep into the network operation details. These records can cover such items as:

A subscriber’s phone call attempt

Whether the attempt was successful

Whether the call was ended normally or was dropped

Date and time of the call

Signal strength of the subscriber’s mobile device as seen by the BTS

In what cell site sector was the call set up

Handover information

What channel was used

What frequency/time slot/PN number was used

GSM uses the Subscriber Information Module (SIM card) which comes in two forms – credit card sized format and thumb tip size

◦ Embedded in the card is a microprocesor, ROM and RAM

Also contains data such as:◦ The subscriber’s phone number which is referred to

as the MSISDN (Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number)

◦ The IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity). The IMSI is globally unique to a particular subscriber

◦ The subscriber’s PIN which is used to prevent unauthorized use of the mobile device

◦ Authentication Keys

GSM developed in Europe in 1980s and became an international standard 13 years later

Uses TDMA framework but not compatible Over 250 GSM Networks are presently

operating in 110 countries Data rates: 9.6Kbps to 14.4Kbps Carriers: Pacific Bell (now Cingular), Voice

Stream, and now AT&T Wireless

Why is understanding Mobile networking important?

◦ As voice and data merge over mobile networks, you may be tasked securing both

◦ Wireless data handsets are inescapable

Carrier infrastructures are very complex – to what degree should one become acquainted?

◦ As security experts, there’s significant value in obtaining this knowledge to prepare you for the future

Carriers have enjoyed closed networks, opening them up to the Internet is a major challenge

spectrum of mobility, from the network perspective:

no mobility high mobility

mobile wireless user, using same access point

mobile user, passing through multiple access point while maintaining ongoing connections (like cell phone)

mobile user, connecting/ disconnecting from network using DHCP.

Client Server

Request

Response

Client/server communication

Client Server

Request

Response

Mobile agent communication

Mobile agent

Call to server procedure

DataClient Server

DataClient ServerProcedure

Client Server

Code on Demand

DataClient Serverresults

Procedure

Remote Evaluation

Structuring Distributed Applications

Foreign agent knows about mobile

Home agent knows location of mobile

wide area network

home networkvisited network

1

mobile contacts foreign agent on entering visited network

2

foreign agent contacts home agent home: “this mobile is resident in my network”

Contributions:

◦ Instant delivery of reports.

◦ Rapid communication Between professionals and

field workers.

◦ Zero data entry time.

◦ Zero or highly reduced error rate.

◦ Higher transparency and accountability.

◦ Build confidence on quality of data, instant delivery

of critical messages to field workers.

◦ Highly simplified and fast report generation.

◦ Opens the way for other similar applications.