IB Historical Investigation Summary of Evidence and Analysis.
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Prepared For:United States Environmental Protection AgencyNew York, NY
Prepared By:International Paper Company Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products, LPARCADIS
Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report – Aeration Basin Area
Archeological TestingCurtis Specialty Papers Site
Milford, New JerseySeptember 2010
International Paper Company Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products, LP ARCADIS
Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report
Aeration Basin Area Archaeological Testing
Curtis Specialty Papers Site Milford, New Jersey
Prepared by:
Eugene J. Boesch Ph.D., R.P.A.
Principal Investigator
ARCADIS U.S., Inc.
September 2010
Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaeological Testing
Prepared for:
United States Environmental Protection
Agency
Prepared by:
International Paper Company
Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products, LP
ARCADIS U.S., Inc.
Our Ref.:
B0066126.0600
Date:
September 2010
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary ES-i
1. Introduction 1
1.1 APE 2
1.2 Previously Completed Archaeological Investigation of the Former CPABA – Sensitivity Assessment of the APE 3
1.3 Methodology 3
2. Results of Fieldwork 5
2.1 Shovel Tests 1 through 7, 12 and 13, 22 and 23 and 25 through 45 5
2.2 Shovel Tests 8 through 11; 14, 15 and 16; and 24 7
2.3 Shovel Test 17 7
2.4 Shovel Tests 18, 19 and 20 8
2.5 Shovel Test 21 8
3. Conclusions and Recommendations 10
3.1 Conclusions 10
3.2 Recommendations 11
4. References 13
Figures
1 Site Location Map
2 Site Operational Areas
3 Locations of Archaeological Shovel Test Pits
4 Area of Pre-Contact Archaeological Resource
Appendices
A Photograph Log
B Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
3261012130 ES-i
Executive Summary
Executive Summary
This Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report (report) presents the results of
a Phase IB archaeological investigation of the approximately 13-acre Area of Potential
Effect (APE) for demolition of the existing aeration basin located within the former Coal
Pile and Aeration Basin Area of the Curtis Specialty Papers Site (the site). The site is a
former food-grade paper mill located along the Delaware River at 404 Frenchtown
Road (County Route 619) in the Borough of Milford, Hunterdon County, New Jersey.
This report was prepared by International Paper Company (IP), Georgia-Pacific
Consumer Products, LP (GP) and ARCADIS as part of ongoing cultural resources
investigations at the site. The objectives of the Phase IB investigation were to identify
whether possibly significant cultural resources are present within the APE and to
recommend further actions (if necessary).
Forty-five archaeological shovel tests were excavated within the APE. In general, the
testing strategy involved the placement of shovel tests at approximate 50-foot intervals
along the berm’s margin, with additional tests placed at closer intervals in one area
where evidence of a Native American (i.e., Pre-Contact period) archaeological
resource was observed.
The 45 shovel tests excavated for the investigation identified five stratigraphic
sequences. The nature of the stratigraphy observed in 32 shovel tests indicated that
most of the area had been previously cultivated, with plow zone deposits overlying
floodplain alluvium. Fill layers associated with two underground utility lines extending
along the north and west sides of the aeration basin were encountered in seven shovel
tests. Similar disturbed soils were observed in one shovel test near the southern corner
of the aeration basin. Other shovel tests identified:
• areas of prior disturbance within a swale-like topographic feature adjacent to
Frenchtown Road
• naturally occurring soils including a nonalluvial subsoil layer along a small ridge
located northeast of the aeration basin
• a fill pile located north of the aeration basin associated with its construction
Evidence of a Pre-Contact period archaeological resource was observed in four shovel
tests located in one area at the southwestern margin of the aeration basin. No other
Pre-Contact period artifacts were recovered from the APE during the Phase IB testing.
3261012130 ES-ii
Executive Summary
Historic period deposits or individual artifacts also were not encountered during the
Phase IB testing.
To preserve the identified archaeological resource, it is recommended that the area
be avoided (i.e., undisturbed) during demolition activities. If this is not feasible, Phase
II-level archaeological evaluation of the area is recommended.
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
1. Introduction
This Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report (report) presents the results of
a Phase IB archaeological investigation of the approximately 13-acre Area of Potential
Effect (APE) for the demolition of the existing aeration basin located within the former
Coal Pile and Aeration Basin Area (CPABA) of the Curtis Specialty Papers Site (the
site) (Figures 1 and 2). The site is a former food-grade paper mill located along the
Delaware River at 404 Frenchtown Road (County Route 619) in the Borough of Milford,
Hunterdon County, New Jersey. The site occupies approximately 109 acres on Block
13, Lot 5.01 and Block 19, Lot 51 in the Borough of Milford, and Block 17.01, Lot 1.01
in Alexandria Township. The current APE is located within the Alexandria Township
tract. Figure 1 presents the site location on a United States Geological Survey
topographic map.
This report was prepared by International Paper Company (IP), Georgia-Pacific
Consumer Products, LP (GP), and ARCADIS as part of ongoing cultural resources
investigations at the site. An Addendum 2 (Aeration Basin Area Phase IB
Archaeological Testing) to the Phase IA Cultural Resources Investigation Work Plan
(ARCADIS 2010a) was submitted to the United States Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA) and approved by USEPA on July 29, 2010. The fieldwork for the
Phase IB investigation of the aeration basin APE was conducted in accordance with
the USEPA-approved Addendum 2 and concurrently with a Phase IA investigation of
the site (Section 1.2). The Phase IB investigation was expedited to mitigate health and
safety hazards associated with the presence of the basin. Other USEPA-approved
expedited Phase IB investigations for the site’s Northern Parcel (i.e., an approximate
17-acre parcel located north of Quequacommissacong Creek) and an existing former
brick residence are ongoing and will be the subjects of separate reports.
The Phase IB investigation was conducted and this report was prepared in accordance
with the June 4, 2009 Administrative Settlement Agreement and Order on Consent
(AOC) between the USEPA and IP and GP (Comprehensive Environmental Response
Compensation and Liability Act [CERCLA] Docket No. 02-2009-2017), the Statement
of Work attached to the AOC, the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines
for Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Federal Register, Volume 48, Number 190
(U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service 1983), the USEPA’s cultural
resource procedures for Superfund sites, Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act of 1966 and its implementing regulations (i.e., 36 CFR Part 800),
Executive Order 11593, and the CERCLA Compliance with other Laws Manual: Part II.
Clean Air Act and Other Environmental Statues and State Requirements (USEPA
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
1988). The investigation also meets the requirements and standards currently adopted
by the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office (NJSHPO) for conducting cultural
resources investigations.
The objectives of the Phase IB investigation were to identify whether possibly
significant cultural resources are present within the APE and to recommend further
actions (if necessary).
1.1 APE
The APE is currently bounded on the north, south and west by grass- and brush-
covered fields that were formerly cultivated (Appendix A). Frenchtown Road and its
right-of-way border the APE on the east and are separated from the APE by a swale-
like area (Appendix A).
The APE currently consists of a bermed area surrounding a basin created in an upland
meadow (Appendix A). The berm appears to be constructed of soil excavated from
within the footprint of the basin. Excavation of the basin would have disturbed any
archaeological resources that may have been present within its footprint. The basin is
covered with a flexible plastic membrane liner. The berm ranges in height between 4
and 12 feet above the surrounding surface. The slope of the berm extends outward
from the basin, forming an area of fill of decreasing thickness that eventually merges
into the surrounding ground surface. An electrical shed, pumping well and blowers are
also present within the APE. An underground 18-inch-diameter water main extends
along the western side of the aeration basin and along a portion of its southern side.
An underground 24-inch-diameter utility line extends along a portion of the northern
side of the basin.
IP and GP propose to dewater the basin, cut, cap and leave the underground utility
lines in place, demolish and dispose of the facility (i.e., liner, blowers, shed and well),
and regrade the earthen berm and basin to restore the landscape to the approximate
grade and cover that existed prior to its construction. The APE is approximately 13
acres in size (Figure 3), with regrading activities occurring on the approximately 8-acre
footprint of the former aeration basin and support facilities. Remaining portions of the
APE will be used as soil stockpile areas, temporary equipment staging areas, access
routes, soil erosion and sediment control features, and temporary parking areas.
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
1.2 Previously Completed Archaeological Investigation of the Former CPABA –
Sensitivity Assessment of the APE
A Phase IA cultural resources investigation was completed for the site in August 2010
(ARCADIS 2010b). The areas evaluated during the Phase IA investigation included the
former CPABA, which contains the APE. The Phase IA Cultural Resources
Investigation Report (ARCADIS 2010b), and the research undertaken for the Phase IB
sensitivity assessment, identified a previously recorded Pre-Contact period site (28-
HU-14), likely a habitation site, near the southwestern corner of the aeration basin.
One other known Pre-Contact period site was identified during the Phase IA
investigation as located elsewhere in the former CPABA, and other recorded sites
were noted in the general region.
The Phase IA Cultural Resources Investigation Report (ARCADIS 2020b) concluded
that locations within the former CPABA that were immediately proximate to the footprint
of the aeration basin and situated away from the footprint of the basin, and a borrow pit
located in the northern part of the former CPABA, were sensitive for the presence of
Pre-Contact period archaeological sites. Such locations include the margins of the
basin’s sloping berm (i.e., part of the APE). The Phase IA report further stated that the
former CPABA is relatively undisturbed, having been used mainly for cultivation until
relatively recently. The results of archaeological borings conducted in the former
CPABA during the Phase IA investigation confirm the presence of plow
zone/agricultural soils overlying alluvium and the relatively undisturbed nature of much
of the area.
The Phase IA report indicated that no portions of the former CPABA were considered
to be sensitive for the presence of Historic period archaeological sites. The USEPA
approved the Phase IA investigation report on September 21, 2010.
1.3 Methodology
The Phase IB subsurface testing of the APE consisted of the excavation of 45
archaeological shovel tests. The shovel tests were placed at approximate 50-foot
intervals as shown on Figure 3. The upper portions of the sloping berm were not
archaeologically tested because the fill layers were too thick to be penetrated, and
subfill strata investigated, by the excavation techniques employed. Accordingly, the
Phase IB subsurface testing occurred along the margins of the slope, where the fill was
thin or absent.
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
In locations where tests revealed the presence of archaeological resources, the
methodology required additional shovel tests to be excavated in the immediate vicinity
of the initial find to further investigate those locations. One such location was identified
during the testing (Section 2). The shovel tests typically covered approximately 2.5
square feet (0.75 square meter) of ground surface and were extended to depths below
which naturally occurring, culturally sterile soil was encountered or to the depth below
grade achievable with the excavation techniques employed1.
The shovel testing was designed to investigate the stratigraphy present within the APE
and to recover a sample of cultural material that may be associated with those strata to
identify whether evidence of Pre-Contact and/or Historic period activity was present.
Soil removed from the shovel tests was screened through ¼-inch mesh (hardware
cloth) to detect the presence of artifacts. Separation of artifacts from different
stratigraphic contexts was maintained to the extent possible with the procedures used.
Recovered artifacts were placed in plastic bags and labeled according to provenience.
The artifacts were washed, decontaminated and sent to an archaeological laboratory
where they were tabulated and identified as to function and period of manufacture
(when possible). Following artifact processing, the stratigraphy encountered in the
shovel tests was analyzed in conjunction with the artifacts recovered to interpret the
survey results.
1 The presence of up to 16 feet of alluvial soils in the APE, based upon the results of
the archaeological borings conducted during Phase IA investigation activities in the
former CPABA, prevented the naturally occurring subsoil from being encountered in
much of the area. It is possible that deeply buried Pre-Contact period archaeological
deposits are present as distinct strata within the alluvium.
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
2. Results of Fieldwork
Phase IB subsurface testing of the APE focused on detecting archaeological
resources. Forty-five archaeological shovel tests were excavated within the APE in
accordance with the methodology described in Section 1.3.
Sections 2.1 through 2.5 present the stratigraphy encountered in each shovel test and
an inventory of the artifacts recovered. The information is summarized in Appendix B.
The 45 shovel tests excavated for the investigation identified five stratigraphic
sequences. The nature of the stratigraphy observed in 32 shovel tests (numbers 1
through 7, 12 through 13, 22 through 23 and 25 through 45) (Figure 3) indicated that
most of the area had been previously cultivated, with plow zone deposits overlying
floodplain alluvium. Fill layers associated with two underground utility lines along the
north and west sides of the aeration basin were encountered in seven shovel tests
(numbers 8 through 11 and 14, 15 and 16). Shovel test 24 also encountered similar
disturbed soils; however, this location does not coincide with the underground utility
lines. Other shovel tests excavated identified:
• areas of prior disturbance within a swale-like topographic feature adjacent to
Frenchtown Road (shovel test numbers 18, 19 and 20)
• naturally occurring soils including a non-alluvial sub-soil layer along a small ridge
northeast of the aeration basin (shovel test number 17)
• fill pile north of the aeration basin associated with its construction (shovel test
number 21)
One location was identified by the Phase IB testing as containing a Pre-Contact period
archaeological resource. The area is located within the APE at the southwestern
margin of the aeration basin. No other Pre-Contact period artifacts were recovered
from the APE during the Phase IB testing. Historic period deposits or individual artifacts
also were not encountered by the Phase IB testing.
Shovel test findings are presented below.
2.1 Shovel Tests 1 through 7, 12 and 13, 22 and 23 and 25 through 45
Shovel tests 1 through 7, 12 and 13, 22 and 23, and 25 through 45 were located near
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
the margins of the aeration basin’s slope, but away from the base of the fill deposit
forming the embankment as it grades into the surrounding ground surface. The initial
strata encountered in these 32 shovel tests consisted of 2 to 3 inches of sod (Stratum
I) representing the modern ground surface. One fragment of green plastic from shovel
test 28 and a piece of clear glass from shovel test 2 were the only artifacts recovered
from the sod in these tests. Underlying the sod was a five- to 12-inch-thick deposit of
dark brown sandy silt (Stratum II) that represents a plow zone layer. A gray-black chert
blocky fragment, likely the result of Pre-Contact period cultural activity, was recovered
from the plow zone in shovel test 3.
Due to the recovery of the blocky fragment, eight additional shovel tests (numbers 28
through 35) were subsequently excavated within the immediate proximity (i.e., within
10 through 15 feet) of shovel test 3. Shovel tests 28 through 31 were located within 10
feet of shovel test 3 and shovel tests 32 through 35 were located within 15 feet of
shovel test 3. Additional Native American artifacts were only recovered from shovel
tests 29, 30 and 31. The additional finds came from plow zone layers and consisted of
one gray-black chert blocky fragment from shovel test 29, one gray-black chert flake
from shovel test 30, and two black chert flakes and one gray black chert flake from
shovel test 31. The Pre-Contact period artifacts recovered may be associated with the
Native American archaeological site (28-HU-14) previously recorded southwest of the
Aeration Basin (Section 1.2). Alternatively, the finds may be associated with an
unidentified Pre-Contact period campsite.
Within the plow zone layer in shovel test 4, a limited quantity of orange-red clay silt
inclusions that may represent burnt earth were noted. Shovel test 4 was located
approximately 50 feet northwest of shovel test 3. It is unknown whether the possible
indications of burnt earth are associated with Pre-Contact period activity, such as a
disturbed hearth.
Underlying the plow zone in shovel tests 1 through 7, 12 and 13, 22 and 23, and 25
through 45, at 7 to 14 inches below grade, was an alluvial transition layer consisting of
dark brown sandy silt with red-brown sandy silt mottling (Stratum III). The transition
represents plow zone soils intruding into the upper part of the alluvium. No cultural
material was recovered from the layer. Underlying the transition layer, at 12 to 24
inches in depth, was a uniform, culturally sterile deposit of light red-brown sandy silt
(Stratum IV) to between 34 and 38 inches below grade (i.e., the extent reachable with
the manual testing techniques employed). The layer represents naturally occurring
alluvial soils.
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
2.2 Shovel Tests 8 through 11; 14, 15 and 16; and 24
Shovel tests 8-11 and 14, 15 and 16 encountered soil layers associated with two
underground utility lines. The initial strata encountered in these shovel tests consisted
of 2 to 3 inches of sod (Stratum I) representing the modern ground surface. No cultural
material was recovered from the context. The stratum was underlain by a 9- to 10-inch-
thick layer of medium brown sandy silt (Stratum II) that likely represents a relatively
recently formed organic layer (i.e., possibly a leaching zone beneath sod and/or trench
fill). One fragment of white plastic was the only artifact recovered from that context.
Underlying Stratum II was an 8- to 10-inch-thick deposit of brown to medium brown to
dark brown sandy silt mixed and mottled with red-brown sandy silt (Stratum III) that
likely represents fill within the underground utility trenches. No cultural material was
recovered from Stratum III. Underlying the fill, at 20 to 22 inches below grade, was a
uniform, culturally sterile deposit of light red-brown sandy silt (Stratum IV) to between
34 and 38 inches below grade (i.e., the extent reachable with the manual testing
techniques employed). The layer likely represents redeposited alluvial soils within the
underground utility trenches.
Shovel test 24, located on the south side of the basin, encountered stratigraphy similar
to that observed in shovel tests 8 through 11 and 14, 15 and 16. However, this location
does not coincide with the underground utility lines. No artifacts were recovered from
shovel test 24.
2.3 Shovel Test 17
Shovel test 17 was excavated along a small ridge located northeast of the aeration
basin). The initial strata encountered in the shovel test consisted of 3 inches of dark
gray-brown sandy silt (Stratum I) that forms the relatively recently developed humus.
Beneath it was a 9-inch-thick layer of dark brown sandy silt (Stratum II) representing a
plow zone layer. Below the plow zone, at 12 inches in depth, was a layer of dark brown
sandy silt with light brown sandy silt mottling (Stratum III) that represents a subsoil
transition layer. Underlying the transition soil, at 20 inches in depth, was the naturally
occurring subsoil, which in this location was a light brown sandy silt (Stratum IV). The
layer was excavated to 34 inches below grade. No cultural material was recovered
from shovel test 17.
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
2.4 Shovel Tests 18, 19 and 20
Shovel tests 18, 19 and 20 were excavated on the northeast side of the aeration basin
within a swale-like area separating the basin from Frenchtown Road. The swale
appears to be artificial in origin. The swale area has been partially filled. Alluvial soils
were not encountered in shovel tests 18, 19 and 20.
The initial strata encountered in shovel tests 18, 19 and 20 consisted of 2 to 3 inches of
relatively recently developed sod (Stratum I). A small number of fragments of amber-
tinted bottle glass and clear plastic recovered from shovel test 18 were the only
artifacts found in the context. Beneath the sod was a 4- to 10-inch-thick layer of dark
brown to brown sandy silt (Stratum II), which represents a relatively recent and
naturally accumulated soil layer. One fragment of blue and green plastic and a piece of
amber-tinted bottle glass were recovered from the context from shovel test 19.
Underlying Stratum II, at 7 to 12 inches in depth, was a 10- to 13-inch-thick fill layer of
brown to dark brown sandy silt mixed with light brown/yellow brown sandy silt mottling
(Stratum III). No artifacts were recovered from the fill layer. Beneath the fill, at 20 to 25
inches in depth, was a 2- to 5-inch thick subsoil transition layer consisting of brown to
dark brown sandy silt with light brown/yellow brown sandy silt mottling (Stratum IV).
Underlying the subsoil transition layer, at 25 to 27 inches below grade, was the
culturally sterile, naturally occurring subsoil, which in these tests was a light brown/
yellow brown sandy silt (Stratum V).
2.5 Shovel Test 21
Shovel test 21 was located at the north corner of the aeration basin near a fill pile. The
initial stratum encountered in shovel test 21 consisted of 3 inches of relatively recently
developed sod (Stratum I). No cultural material was recovered from the layer. Below
the sod was 9 inches of dark brown sandy silt (Stratum II), representing a recently
formed organic layer, likely a leaching zone beneath the sod. A fragment of
undecorated (plain) whiteware was the only artifact recovered from Stratum II. The
whiteware fragment appears to date to the twentieth century period.
Underlying Stratum II, at 12 inches in depth, was a fill layer of yellow brown/light brown
sandy silt mixed with dark brown sandy silt (Stratum III). The fill appears to be a
mixture of natural subsoil and near-surface soils. Beneath Stratum III, at 25 inches
below grade, was a 5-inch thick layer of brown sandy silt with light brown sandy silt
mottling (Stratum IV) that is transitional to the naturally occurring subsoil. Underneath
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
Stratum IV, at 30 inches below grade, was the naturally occurring subsoil, which in
shovel test 21 was a light brown/yellow brown sandy silt (Stratum V). Cultural materials
were not recovered from the subsoil or subsoil transition layer.
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
3. Conclusions and Recommendations
3.1 Conclusions
The 45 shovel tests excavated within the APE during the investigation identified five
stratigraphic sequences. The nature of the stratigraphy encountered in 32 of the shovel
tests (numbers 1 through 7, 12 and 13, 22 and 23, and 25 through 45) indicated that
most of the area had been previously cultivated with plow zone deposits overlying
floodplain alluvium. Fill layers associated with two underground utility lines were
identified in seven of the shovel tests excavated (numbers 8 through 11 and 14, 15 and
16). Similar disturbed soils to those observed in shovel tests 8 through 11 and 14, 15
and 16 were encountered in shovel test 24; however, the location of shovel test 24
does not coincide with the underground utility lines. Other tests identified:
• areas of prior disturbance within a swale-like feature adjacent to Frenchtown Road
(shovel test numbers 18, 19 and 20)
• naturally occurring soils including a nonalluvial subsoil layer along a small ridge
northeast of the aeration basin (shovel test number 17)
• a fill pile north of the aeration basin (shovel test number 21)
The Phase IB archaeological investigation identified one location containing evidence
of Pre-Contact period activity. The area is located within the APE at the southwestern
margin of the aeration basin. Initially, shovel test 3 (Figure 3) recovered a gray-black
chert flake from the plow zone in that area. As a result, eight additional tests (numbers
28 through 35) were placed within 10 to 15 feet of that test (Figure 3). A limited quantity
of additional Pre-Contact period chert debitage was recovered from three of the
additionally excavated tests (numbers 29, 30 and 31) in the plow zone context. Tests
28, 29, 30 and 31 were placed within 10 feet of shovel test 3. Pre-Contact period finds
were not recovered from shovel tests 32 through 35, excavated approximately 15 feet
away from shovel test 3. However, within the plow zone layer in shovel test 4, located
approximately 50 feet northwest of shovel test 3, a limited quantity of orange-red clay
silt inclusions were noted that may represent burnt earth. It is unknown whether the
possible indications of burnt earth are associated with Pre-Contact period activity, such
as a disturbed hearth.
The Pre-Contact period artifacts recovered may be associated with the Native
American archaeological site (28-HU-14), previously recorded southwest of the
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
Aeration Basin (Section 1.2). Alternatively, the finds may be associated with an
unidentified Pre-Contact period campsite.
A current NJSHPO archaeological site form will be prepared for the Pre-Contact period
archaeological resource identified during the Phase IB testing and submitted to the
NJSHPO. No other Pre-Contact period artifacts or deposits were recovered during the
Phase IB testing. No Historic period deposits or individual Historic period artifacts were
recovered during the Phase IB testing.
3.2 Recommendations
To preserve the area where Pre-Contact period artifacts were recovered (i.e., vicinity
of shovel tests 3 and 29, 30 and 31), it is recommended that the area be avoided
during demolition activities. The undisturbed area should consist of the location of the
finds and a surrounding buffer as indicated on Figure 4. This area should be clearly
demarcated in the field, such as by the placement of concrete barriers, to prevent the
inadvertent disturbance of the area. A Preservation Plan detailing the steps to take to
maintain the integrity of the area of the finds during aeration basin demolition should
be prepared and submitted to the USEPA for review prior to the start of demolition.
If the area of identified Pre-Contact period finds cannot be avoided, Phase II-level
archaeological evaluation of the location is recommended. The evaluation would
include the archaeological excavation of additional shovel tests and excavation units
to determine the extent, distribution, frequency and significance of the Pre-Contact
period archaeological resource. Any sub-plow zone -Contact period features
encountered during the work would be investigated following consultation with the
USEPA, IP, GP and other parties. If no archaeological features were detected,
archaeological monitoring of demolition activities (particularly grading activities)
would occur in the area. The objective of the monitoring would be to determine
whether sub-plow zone Pre-Contact period archaeological features are present
within the finds area that were not detected during archaeological excavations. If any
features are detected during the monitoring, they should be evaluated following
consultation with the USEPA IP, GP and other parties.
A work plan for the Phase II level evaluation detailing the work discussed above
should be prepared for and reviewed by the USEPA and subsequently implemented
if the area of Pre-Contact period finds will be impacted by the demolition project.
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
Further archaeological investigation of the APE outside of the location indicated on
Figure 4 is unnecessary. Demolition work can proceed in these areas simultaneously
with any archaeological work (as specified in a Preservation Plan or as part of Phase
II-level investigation activities).
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Phase IB Cultural Resources Investigation Report Aeration Basin Area Archaelogical Testing
4. References
ARCADIS. 2010a. Phase IA Cultural Resources Investigation Work Plan. Addendum 2
– Aeration Basin Area Phase IB Archaeological Testing. Curtis Specialty Papers Site,
Milford, New Jersey. Prepared by International Paper, Georgia-Pacific Consumer
Products, LP, and ARCADIS. Eugene J. Boesch, Principal Investigator. Prepared for
the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
ARCADIS. 2010b. Phase IA Cultural Resources Investigation Report. Curtis Specialty
Papers Site, Milford, New Jersey. Prepared by International Paper, Georgia-Pacific
Consumer Products, LP, and ARCADIS. Eugene J. Boesch, Principal Investigator.
Prepared for the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. 1983. Standards and
Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Federal Register, Volume 48,
Number 190.
United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1988. CERCLA Compliance with
other Laws Manual: Part II. Clean Air Act and Other Environmental Statues and State
Requirement.
FIGURES
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
Photograph Log
9/17/2010 10:19 AM CRAN‐140 JEBCURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS – AERATION BASIN PHASE IB REPORT (B0066126.0600.00602)\\NJ03FP1\...\Curtis Papers\Reports and Presentations\Cultural Resources\Phase IB Reports\Aeration Basin\APPA ‐ PIB‐CRI‐Photograph Log.pptx
DESCRIPTION: West Side of Aeration Basin Showing the Area of Potential Effect . INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY & GEORGIA-PACIFIC CONSUMER PRODUCTS, LP
CURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS SITEMILFORD, NEW JERSEY
PHASE IB CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION REPORTAERATION BASIN AREA
APPENDIX
PHOTOGRAPH LOG
A
AERATION BASIN AREA
9/17/2010 10:19 AM CRAN‐140 JEBCURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS – AERATION BASIN PHASE IB REPORT (B0066126.0600.00602)\\NJ03FP1\...\Curtis Papers\Reports and Presentations\Cultural Resources\Phase IB Reports\Aeration Basin\APPA ‐ PIB‐CRI‐Photograph Log.pptx
DESCRIPTION: East Side of Aeration Basin Showing the Area of Potential Effect. INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY & GEORGIA-PACIFIC CONSUMER PRODUCTS, LP
CURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS SITEMILFORD, NEW JERSEY
PHASE IB CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION REPORTAERATION BASIN AREA
APPENDIX
PHOTOGRAPH LOG
A
AERATION BASIN AREA
9/17/2010 10:19 AM CRAN‐140 JEBCURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS – AERATION BASIN PHASE IB REPORT (B0066126.0600.00602)\\NJ03FP1\...\Curtis Papers\Reports and Presentations\Cultural Resources\Phase IB Reports\Aeration Basin\APPA ‐ PIB‐CRI‐Photograph Log.pptx
DESCRIPTION: North Side of Aeration Basin Showing the Area of Potential Effect. INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY & GEORGIA-PACIFIC CONSUMER PRODUCTS, LP
CURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS SITEMILFORD, NEW JERSEY
PHASE IB CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION REPORTAERATION BASIN AREA
APPENDIX
PHOTOGRAPH LOG
A
AERATION BASIN AREA
9/17/2010 10:19 AM CRAN‐140 JEBCURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS – AERATION BASIN PHASE IB REPORT (B0066126.0600.00602)\\NJ03FP1\...\Curtis Papers\Reports and Presentations\Cultural Resources\Phase IB Reports\Aeration Basin\APPA ‐ PIB‐CRI‐Photograph Log.pptx
DESCRIPTION: South Side of Aeration Basin Showing the Area of Potential Effect. INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY & GEORGIA-PACIFIC CONSUMER PRODUCTS, LP
CURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS SITEMILFORD, NEW JERSEY
PHASE IB CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION REPORTAERATION BASIN AREA
APPENDIX
PHOTOGRAPH LOG
A
AERATION BASIN AREA
9/17/2010 10:19 AM CRAN‐140 JEBCURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS – AERATION BASIN PHASE IB REPORT (B0066126.0600.00602)\\NJ03FP1\...\Curtis Papers\Reports and Presentations\Cultural Resources\Phase IB Reports\Aeration Basin\APPA ‐ PIB‐CRI‐Photograph Log.pptx
DESCRIPTION: Swale‐Like Area East of Aeration Basin. INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY & GEORGIA-PACIFIC CONSUMER PRODUCTS, LP
CURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS SITEMILFORD, NEW JERSEY
PHASE IB CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION REPORTAERATION BASIN AREA
APPENDIX
PHOTOGRAPH LOG
A
AERATION BASIN AREA
9/17/2010 10:19 AM CRAN‐140 JEBCURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS – AERATION BASIN PHASE IB REPORT (B0066126.0600.00602)\\NJ03FP1\...\Curtis Papers\Reports and Presentations\Cultural Resources\Phase IB Reports\Aeration Basin\APPA ‐ PIB‐CRI‐Photograph Log.pptx
DESCRIPTION: Interior of Aeration Basin. INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY & GEORGIA-PACIFIC CONSUMER PRODUCTS, LP
CURTIS SPECIALTY PAPERS SITEMILFORD, NEW JERSEY
PHASE IB CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION REPORTAERATION BASIN AREA
APPENDIX
PHOTOGRAPH LOG
A
AERATION BASIN AREA
APPENDIX B
Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
Appendix B - Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
Curtis Specialty Papers Site
Milford, New Jersey
Stratum - Context Depth (inches) Description Cultural Material
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-9 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 9-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod 1 pc. clear glass
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-34 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt 1 gray black chert blocky fragment
III - Transition Layer 10-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-36 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-9 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with orange red clay silt inclusions (possible burnt earth) None
III - Transition Layer 9-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-35 Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-11 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 11-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-12 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 12-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-37 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
SHOVEL TEST NO. 1
SHOVEL TEST NO. 2
SHOVEL TEST NO. 3
SHOVEL TEST NO. 4
SHOVEL TEST NO. 5
SHOVEL TEST NO. 6
Page 1 of 7
Appendix B - Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
Curtis Specialty Papers Site
Milford, New Jersey
Stratum - Context Depth (inches) Description Cultural Material
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-12 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 12-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-11 Medium Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 11-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-11 Medium Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 11-21 Medium Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-38 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-12 Medium Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 12-20 Medium Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-37 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-11 Medium Brown Sandy Silt 1 pc. white plastic
III - Transition Layer 11-20 Medium Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-22 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 22-34 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-22 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Light Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 22-34 Light Red Brown/Light Brown Sandy Silt None
SHOVEL TEST NO. 7
SHOVEL TEST NO. 8
SHOVEL TEST NO. 9
SHOVEL TEST NO. 10
SHOVEL TEST NO. 11
SHOVEL TEST NO. 12
SHOVEL TEST NO. 13
Page 2 of 7
Appendix B - Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
Curtis Specialty Papers Site
Milford, New Jersey
Stratum - Context Depth (inches) Description Cultural Material
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-11 Medium Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 11-20 Medium Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-35 Light Red Brown/Light Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-11 Medium Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 11-20 Medium Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-38 Light Red Brown/Light Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-12 Medium Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 12-20 Medium Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-34 Light Red Brown/Light Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Dark Gray Brown Sandy Silt None
II - Plow Zone 3-12 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Sub-soil Transition Layer 12-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Light Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Sub-soil 20-34 Light Brown Sandy Silt None
2 pcs. clear plastic
1 pc. amber tinted bottle glass
II - Natural Soil Accumulation Layer 3-12 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Fill 12-22 Dark Brown Sandy Silt mixed with Light Brown/Yellow Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Sub-soil Transition Layer 12-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Light Brown/ Yellow Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Sub-soil 20-34 Light Brown/Yellow Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
1 pc. blue and green plastic
1 pc. amber tinted bottle glass
III - Fill 12-25 Brown Sandy Silt mixed with Light Brown/ Yellow Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Sub-soil Transition Layer 25-27 Brown Sandy Silt with Light Brown/ Yellow Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Sub-soil 27-38 Light Brown/Yellow Brown Sandy Silt None
SHOVEL TEST NO. 14
SHOVEL TEST NO. 15
SHOVEL TEST NO. 16
SHOVEL TEST NO. 17 (Ridge)
II - Natural Soil Accumulation Layer 2-12
SHOVEL TEST NO. 18 (Swale)
Brown Sandy Silt
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod
SHOVEL TEST NO. 19 (Swale)
Page 3 of 7
Appendix B - Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
Curtis Specialty Papers Site
Milford, New Jersey
Stratum - Context Depth (inches) Description Cultural Material
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-7 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Fill 7-20 Yellow Brown/Light Brown Sandy Silt mixed with Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Sub-soil Transition Layer 20-25 Brown Sandy Silt with Light Brown/ Yellow Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV -Sub-soil 25-36 Light Brown/Yellow Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-12 Dark Brown Sandy Silt 1 pc. plain whiteware
III - Fill 12-25 Yellow Brown/Light Brown Sandy Silt mixed with Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Sub-soil Transition Layer 25-30 Brown Sandy Silt with Light Brown/ Yellow Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Sub-soil 30-36 Light Brown/Yellow Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-36 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-14 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 14-20 Light Brown Sandy Silt with Dark Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-12 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Sub-soil Transition Layer 12-20 Brown Sandy Silt with Dark Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV -Sub-soil 20-38 Light Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-8 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 8-12 Light Brown Sandy Silt with Dark Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 12-30 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-38 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
SHOVEL TEST NO. 20 (Swale)
SHOVEL TEST NO. 21 (Fill Pile)
SHOVEL TEST NO. 22
SHOVEL TEST NO. 23 (West Pathway)
SHOVEL TEST NO. 24
SHOVEL TEST NO. 25 (West Pathway)
SHOVEL TEST NO. 26
Page 4 of 7
Appendix B - Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
Curtis Specialty Papers Site
Milford, New Jersey
Stratum - Context Depth (inches) Description Cultural Material
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-9 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 9-22 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 22-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod 1 pc. green plastic
II - Plow Zone 3-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-38 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-9 Dark Brown Sandy Silt 1 gray black chert blocky fragment (wt. 8.7 g)
III - Transition Layer 9-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt 1 gray black chert flake (wt. 1.9 g)
III - Transition Layer 10-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-37 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
2 black chert flakes (wts.1.3 and 2.0 g)
1 gray black chert flake (wt. 1.5 g)
III - Transition Layer 11-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-38 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-20 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 20-34 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-9 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 9-22 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 22-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
SHOVEL TEST NO. 31
SHOVEL TEST NO. 32
SHOVEL TEST NO. 33
II - Plow Zone 3-11 Dark Brown Sandy Silt
SHOVEL TEST NO. 29
SHOVEL TEST NO. 30
SHOVEL TEST NO. 27
SHOVEL TEST NO. 28
Page 5 of 7
Appendix B - Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
Curtis Specialty Papers Site
Milford, New Jersey
Stratum - Context Depth (inches) Description Cultural Material
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-9 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 9-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-33 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-24 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 24-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-11 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-11 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 11-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-36 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-23 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 23-36 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-9 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 9-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-36 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
SHOVEL TEST NO. 37
SHOVEL TEST NO. 38
SHOVEL TEST NO. 39
SHOVEL TEST NO. 40
SHOVEL TEST NO. 34
SHOVEL TEST NO. 35
SHOVEL TEST NO. 36
Page 6 of 7
Appendix B - Shovel Test Stratigraphy and Artifact Inventory
Curtis Specialty Papers Site
Milford, New Jersey
Stratum - Context Depth (inches) Description Cultural Material
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-23 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 23-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-11 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-11 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 11-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-36 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-3 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 3-10 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 10-23 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 23-36 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
I - Modern Surface 0-2 Sod None
II - Plow Zone 2-9 Dark Brown Sandy Silt None
III - Transition Layer 9-21 Dark Brown Sandy Silt with Red Brown Sandy Silt mottling None
IV - Alluvium 21-35 Light Red Brown Sandy Silt None
Abbreviations:g = gramspc. = piecewt. = weight
SHOVEL TEST NO. 43
SHOVEL TEST NO. 44
SHOVEL TEST NO. 45
SHOVEL TEST NO. 41
SHOVEL TEST NO. 42
Page 7 of 7