ortltwc tnew rn 0_u< or

ploy

1713 I: uM~\"-I -' f‘DJ H0

age“-,,_ nuowsvovt -" l """“"‘ mun STREET or

THE NORTHWEST

VOL. XXVI No. 5 st. Paul, Minn., May, 1952

A»i__l__ _ ._____%... _ . _. _ *4 i _ .. _ ___ W A. ____ .___‘7 __.______m__A. __ _ _ .__ __ _._ $4: Another Advance for the Sugar Beet Industry

Single germ seed will be the next A beet seed, which is a small only one germ. Monogerm vari-signicant development in sugar corky ball, has contained, up to eties, which plant breeders em-beet production. this time, from one to four well- ployed by sugar beet companies

It may mean almost the complete developed germs, depending on the are working on now, will be aelimination of hand work in the amount of plant food available to further step ahead. With them,eld, which always has been a the plant during the normal growth plant a vigorous one-germ seedproblem for growers—an expensive season. This multiple germ has ball and you get one plant—noone. complicated the situation for the “stoop labor” needed for thinning.

Mechanical toppers and loaders, grower. Say he plants a four-germ At least that’s the idea. Also muchwhen they came in a few years seed. Chances are four seedlings of the work required now toago, relieved the labor situation are produced—-all in one spot. But process seed prior to planting willtremendously in the beet industry. only one vigorous plant can be left. be unnecessary.Manufacturers have had a great Otherwise the competition will be Many things still must be donedemand for these implements and so great that none will do well. to make ene_ge;-m seed pt-3ctjca]_in some areas many farmers have Thus, thinning and blocking out It was only four years ago thatpurchased them. In the Red River the row are necessary. Some of American lant breeders found, invalley, in North Dakota and Min- this work can be done _me<_~hani- a eld in O1-egoma few plants thatnesota, for example, O. A. Holkes- ca_lly, either by cross cultivation or produced one_germ seed They hadvig, district manager for the Amer- with implements similar to the been saying for years that thereican Crystal SW33? °°mPany» has _C°tt°n Qhoppen Even 50- hand labor was no such thing, since they neverestimated that this year 90 per is required. had Seen it_ A Russian Seiehtistcent of the 82,000-acre crop of beets Shorn seed was developed a few however, a refugee frQm behindw_ill be harvested mechanically. A years ago. It was an improvement. the iron curtain, eanged a majgrbig need now 1S to reduce the hand The mechanical process of shearing Sensation when he announced, onwork at other stages in the produc- removes some of the germs from his arrival, four years ago, in thetlon cycle. the seed ball and leaves many with United states, that monogerm vari-

eties existed and that he couldshow them monogerm plants in

»-J - -l=l’—4 their own elds. He did so, andU.S. beet experts realized then thatthey never had looked for the rightsort of plant. The Russian pointedto a beet that was growing slowlyand that owered late in the sea-son. There were only occasionalones of this type in the eld andthey were not mature at the usualharvest period when the eld as

‘a whole had set seed and it hadripened. Thus. monogerm materialhad been overlooked.

Selections from one-germ plantshave been crossed with present

ln a eld in Oregon, similar to this one, above, in the Willamette valley, a Russian refugee commercial v ri ties t0 in' (3 theshowed astonished American agronomists that there is such a thing as a sugar beet plant that a e . Je tproduces one-germ seed. This valuable knowledge may revolutionize the growing oi beets. monogerm character lntO the COm-

1

an F May. 19520‘ rlrelqewizw-*»=" .-.-¢‘\—--.r_.-.. - ~<l%__ vestment have been subtracted "re r

from his receipts. In terms of CLOSE,UPSP blinked M ntllly by HA6 ' .

Dfpflllllll of .-lgrifullural Dvrrlopmrnl Wages’ the average poultryman In ‘ Shnrl Paragraphs .-Ibnul /Igrlrullurr inWashlngton earned an hour 1 .\'ur!h0=rn Purlc TerritoryNORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY last year’ althgugh pgultrymenJ. W. HAW . . . . . . ..biI._é&6..---St- Paul. Minn with the 1() best records averaged "M Wm 5 5 ”” W I 5*,’T

w. J. HUNT................. ..st. Paul Minn. $2-52 an h011I‘- on the C0511 Side,. - - - A shipment of 2,200 pounds of IdahoA. J. ?i.r.eSctt.ol>aul, Minn. feed cgsltg -per 1?ylng2blrd aver- club bar1ey' a new wmter Yanety' hasAgricultural Development Agent aged $ In 195 ,_ 01' 8-7 cents 3 been sent by express for trial planting

(On leave of absence) dozen on the basis of eggs pro- in Arabia. University of_ Idaho agron-A. R. MIE$EN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..St. Paul, Minn. duced omists developed the variety.Agricultural Development Agent '1H. W. BYERLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..St. Paul, Minn. 1'13 ysls 0 e recor 5 1‘1ngSImmigration Agent - - A Wiltshire Horn ram which looks1.. s. MacDONALD . . . . . . . . . . ..Mis Lila M ht. out other Slgmcant facts‘ The two ' ' ’so - 0 . . like a mountain goat but really belongsA5“°"1t"""1D°"°1°P"‘°“t “gem most Outstandmg changes In the to a breed of woolless, hardy sheepw P STAPLETON s me w hwestern Agr,cul,m;5i'5e-,',éi6bnf§nt Agegf - past fe_W years aS1de from the ln- that produces a tasty carcass, was im-

1005 Smith Tower come increase last year are: a ported from England to Manhattan.KENNE'I‘H_ L. coox . . . . . . . . . ..Seattle. Wash. Steady increase in the number of Mont-. by Ed Noyes at 8 CO-st Of $355-Agncultural Development Agent

1005 Smith Tower eggs laid per bird and decrease in l“-1-h- ~ » t f f 5 * I a 1- Vern Gowey and Vernon Bosley have.0 ..::.;"?:sr:s.'; :*:."...0:;:..":. 0.: 'r::;:::f {“°”==‘1"Y 2231951»*,§Pd"ePa$; eig 0.000 1000100 000$ W000 wasmast gtatt. Qndexnlration of that Period it ay was Per Ir ~ n r 0 Wash., in a house rebuilt from surplus°:..: z:::‘Y.:’=*::s::,¥i%.*:2, World War I1 the amass was ba"a¢kS.<>b*am'<-rd rromthev-S-vet»years. in dpostage stamps, coin, currency or 8bOUt 185. MOft8llty during thOS€ @1115 administration. The partners areon _ e d t t N th P l , _ -

r§1ail§Y\ayor%)f1g’orl:;aw€sgloL:o rgnevoronegn cogmc Same years was 17 to 20 per cent mztallmg an automatic system of feedmen ar. ' th . th' b ' ' '0,...0;m:rs.g°;wx:..':.*°s..:.... *5 may e as covtrasted Wlth “me to ll Per _cent in 1951. Another signicant The Louisiana Purchase, in which theMAY, 1952 change is the trend from a combi- United States bought 500,000,000 acres

nation hen-pullet ock to one made from Napoleon Bonaparte, was the. . . . . - largest real estate transaction in themon, high-yielding. d1sease-res1st- “P almost emlrely °f Pulleti history of the world‘ant multiple-germ varieties thatare used widely by growers. By _ l 3

ee mg an S9 9°t1°n0 which Wlll. Grand Coulee dam on the Columbia

br d. d 1 , _ P0ultl0y GIQ0“ Pr 1 A three-cent stamp commemoratingrequire several more years, the de- * r river. will go on sale May 15 at Grandsired characters of the two typeswill be blended into new varieties.Then, when the seed type has beenxed. new precision drills willhave to be made to plant the im-proved one-germ seed properlyspaced in the row and at the rightdepth.

Pullets Paid ProfitWashington’s hens earned an all-

time high prot for their ownersin 1951. Arthur J. Cagle, Washing-ton State college extension farmmanagement specialist, has justcompleted an analysis of 1951 poul-try records kept by representativepoultrymen in the major poultryproducing areas. These flock rec-ords show an average labor incomeper bird of $4.09 as compared with$1.52 in 1950 and $2.75 for a 10-yearaverage.

The big swing upward in 1951was largely the result of low 1950income, which resulted in reducedocks in 1951. Also prices of redmeat in 1951 were high. These twofactors caused a high demand for

Coulee, Wash.

The American Suffolk Sheep societyappropriated $1,000 to be used fortravel expenses by C. W. Hickman, pro-fessor of agriculture at the Universityof Idaho, on a trip to England in Juneand July, where he will study Suffolkocks. Also he will attend the EnglishRoyal Livestock show.

Two hundred cases of hatching eggsfrom the state of Washington weresent to South Korea recently to helpreestablish its poultry industry. Theeggs were furnished by 20 westernWashington hatcherymen and one ofthem, P. B. Rowley, of Puyallup, ac-companied the shipment.

Peas planted on 200 acres in Lakecounty, Montana, will be harvestedgreen and shipped fresh, in the pod, toeastern markets.

Reine Red is a new red-fruited strainof the Reine Claude plum, commonlyknown as the Green Gage variety,which has been introduced in Idaho.The new plum was discovered in 1943on a tree of Reine Claude in the orchardof the University of Idaho. Bud graftsmade on seedlings in 1945 bore redfruit in 1950 and 1951.

both eggs and poultry meat. Hugh Leathers keeps 5.000 whne Leghorn In the Bitter ROM Valley Of MontanaLabor income is the mone the laying hens and, with modern buildings and last year J. E. and J. H. Hawker,y improved equipment, it is a nine-hour daily b th h t d 20 22 ton f su arpoultr man has left for Qrk job for one man to take care of them For ro em‘ arves e ' S 0 gy . S W . example, there ls an automatic waterer-.'I-‘lock beets Per a_cre on 53 acres- an unusu'after (EXPENSES and lnt8I‘9St on In" is located in the central part oi Minnesota. ally high yield.2

-3“?May, 1952 THE NORTHWEST

May 31, when 30 war veterans willbe given the chance to buy unitsof raw land which now are ownedby the federal government. Sev-eral thousand young men have ap-plied for these farms, which willbe developed by the few whonally come out rst in the draw-mg.

A spectacular water pageant alsohas been planned to occur in thebasin during the 10-day interval asa part of the celebration. Anotherfeature will be a church serviceout-of-doors on Sunday, June 1, atwhich it is expected that 50,000people will worship.

People from all over the countrywill visit the Columbia basin dur-ing the celebration. On May 29alone. hundreds will be there fromPortland, Seattle, Yakima andother Pacic Northwest centers tosee the farm-in-a-day program.

The 1;I)orth:e‘;nnPz;)clc raiiiway donated ‘I3? acres indtlke (t2'<:lur3btia Baslnf \;_'hich wig be The _1\{0rthe€n Paclct W131 handleEVE]! [0 0H3 . Ullll, W O W0“ 3 con ES Sp0IIS|Jl'Q Y 0 E Cl'3I‘lS 0 oreign 3I’S. ' 'Above, A. L. Rosenkranz, a VFW committeeman. and Mr. and Mrs. Dunn, with their daughters. Splecla . par les 9n 1 S ralns topoints in the basin.

Many foreign nations will send° ° representatives to observe and toReach an Irragaticm Mzlesume Siiiiiy iiie gieai iiiigiiiiiiii pioieci

Took 19 Years To Bring Water to First Large Area during this period. Among themof Columbia Basin are Mexico, Iran, Turkey, Pakistan.

Burma, Thailand, India, Haiti.Donald D. Dunn, war veteran The land for Dunn’s ready-made Nepal and Salvador-

and former Kansas farmer, has farmh has been donated by the iibeen chosen b' the Veterans of Nort ern Pacic railway. This isForeign Wars tg receive a 136-acre at part of the company’s original hnportant Sugar Manall-ready-to-operate irrigated farm land grant and it is one of several For the last seven years the beetsnear Wheeler, Wash., free and no hundred farm units which the rail- Ed Verhelst, of Big Horn, Mont.,strings attached, as the prize in a road owns in the basin and which has produced each year have madecontest which is the feature of a it is selling to new settlers as water more sugar than beets from any10-day celebration scheduled for becomes available in different parts other grower in the Billings fac-late in May in the Columbia basin Of the area. tory district of the Great Westernmarking the start of irrigation on The Veterans of Foreign Wars Sugar company. His 262.9 acres ofthe rst large block to receive conducted a national contest to irrigated beets in 1951 averagedwater—87,000 acres—in the 1,029,- select the winner of the “farm-in-a- 14.96 tons, which made a total of000-acre Columbia Basin project. day.” Fifteen thousand war veter- 3,933.2 tons. Their average contentwhose construction was begun 19 ans qualied in the contest. of sugar was 16.66 per cent. Ver-years ago. Qn May 29, some 2,000 people helst’s crop, therefore, contained

On May 29, the entire farm will will swarm over the 120-acre farm, 1,319,545 Pounds Of Sugar» 01” enoughbe cleared, plowed,planted, stocked doing the work that will be re- 110 mak813 ¢aI‘10ad$-and equipped and a $15,000 house quired to convert it from sage- ___-*-—will be put up and furnished—all brush to a fully developed and M k f A 1

in one day—by business enter- equipped operating unit between ar ct or PP esPrlses. neighbors, labor unions. in- the hours of sunup and sundown Four hundred thousand six-ouncedL1Sl.I'l€S and others. Dunn, WhO Dunn’ who was a victim Qf the tins of apple juice concentratewas chosen by the veterans’ 0r- oods in Kansas last year, has been were packed by the Weleh Grape83312390" asiuthe 1'_n°5t W°}"thY»” trying to get back on his feet by Juice company in its factory atW}11 m0V<-1' OH lmmedlately Wlth his working as a farm implement sales- Grandview, Wash., for sale inWife and two daughters. man in the Yakima valley for the Pacic coast states.

Everything is being donated, last year. Now he can return to ii-from labor, materials and a tractor farming again. Farmers in Jefferson county,to kitchen gadgets and, in the barn, Many other features of the 10- Oregon, keep 20,000 colonies offeed fora cow. There even will be day celebration on the Columbia bees to help pollinate legumesa dog and a cat. Basin project include a drawing on which they raise for seed.

3

°¢\'"4-1‘Q THE NORTHWESTM413’, 19526 . ., .._ .e . . i n fem‘4| ~*- A W"

Why the Yakima Valley Is a Rich ProducerIt ls Not Widely Understood That Its Open Field Crops Are Nearly as Important as Fruit

The Yakima valley, in Washing- * *"" r W" *7" An average daily maximum of 100ton, has a national reputation as a An informative and interesting degrees is common throughout thefruit producing area, a distinction article about the Yakima valley, valley. Rapid radiation aided bythat has been earned through i in Washington, _written by Rich- mountain breezes causes the nightsquality production, national adver-F grgfgiéis-ogiighiiziitigriélJggsoaiffggéage to be cool, giving a diurnal rangetising and national as well as inter-1 Oregon State college’ and Elbert of 30 to 40 degrees. The growing

national marketing. As a result, ‘ E. Miller, assistant professor of season of the valley averages 190information dealing with the val- , geography at the University of days. Lower lands are more subjectley has emphasized the importance ‘ %i§2i‘~ ‘les gaigléféi ‘£e'gg:,‘;‘alil'y' I to late spring frost and, therefore,of fruit. It is not generally realized i Because of the wide imeres? ' are more commonly planted in an-that this area has become a signi-

1 irrigation, particularly on the ; nual and late blooming crops.cant producer of open eld crops ‘ new Columbia Basin _Pr0je¢t The predominant soil of theand several specialties, and that it {:';i:ihwaéida‘“;‘:asi Ifigptriitgqagkiigia cvoarij Yakima valley is a ne_tex¢u1-edhas a noteworthy anirhal and Poul" i densed version of Highsmith- volcanic ash of considerable depth,try industry. Together these phases ‘ Miller article.-—Edit0r frequently underlain with graveloi farming now bring an income 5 W

* from decomposed basalt. There areto Yakima Valley farmers eqiial to also alluvial loams, silt and sandythat of fruit entirely cut off by the Cascade loams, and wind-laid deposits com-The drainage basin oi the Yak‘ mountains. The northern Rockies monly found on the west slopes.ima river, extending diagonally are effective barriers, blocking off Smaller areas of shallow soilthrough Kittitas, Yakima and Ben' many of the polar continental air underlain with coarse river gravelston Counties in south eentral masses which pass along their are occasionally found. In the lowWashington» oontains an area oi eastern margin. Winters are gen- lying lands accumulation of soluble5,970 square iniles- The term erally moderate with only occa- salts and alkali occurred during“Yakima Valley" is oommonly aP' sional sub-zero temperatures. The the later stages in the developmentPlied to the 500900 aores oomPris' mean January temperature at of present land forms and drainageing the irrigated Portion oi the Yakima is 28 degrees Fahrenheit patterns. Nearly every district hasbasin Whioh lies in Yakima and and at Wapato, in the lower val- some alkali and saline soils. InBenton eoiihties The Valley of the ley, 29 degrees Fahrenheit. Freez- some cases improperly controlledYakima river is not a Single basin, ing weather with varying warm irrigation has led to an increase inbut a series of basins separated by periods may be expected from alkali lands; in other instances landantioiinai folds oi the underlying September through March. Sum- which was formerly strongly alka-basaltio laVa- Where the river outs mers are warm and dry with an line has been washed so free ofthrough these antielihes there are average July temperature of 71 salts that it is useful for cropping.narrow water gaps; elsewhere the degrees Fahrenheit at Yakima and Sugar beets and asparagus are suc-Valley is broad and iindiilating 74 degrees Fahrenheit at Wapato. cessfullv grown on alkali soils asThe more northern of the basins, 'in Kittitas county, known as theKittitas valley, has its own econ- -omy. It is separated from the _;_ ’Yakima valley by an anticlinorium30 miles wide through which theYakima river has cut a gorge 500feet deep and, therefore, it is notincluded in this study. Five milessouth of the city of Yakima, theYakima river passes between Ah-tanum ridge and Rattlesnake Hillsat Union Gap and enters the lowervalley, the largest area of levelland in the state. North of this gap(Union Gap) the valleys are col- -"lectively known as the upper val-ley and contain a larger amount ofhilly land.

The arid climate of the Yakimavalley is favorable to the growthof many middle latitude cropswhen irrigation water is supplied.Although it is essentially conti-nental in character, the moderatjn Harvesting hops mechanically in the Yakima valley of Washington. Ten men with thisstreets of the Pacic ocean are noi §“o3°'$L'i°¢‘l‘I.t“}‘}Z'§n"il§i°0“t§"$§'§n'.i“$.§°‘§.§‘§‘l '§.'5‘3§§2",,§§°£¢‘§§'§§i‘§¢i'Zr§'i°¢Z2li”’w§'2°Eiiiiiii

4

May, 1952 THE NORTHWEST

“T * 7-T;

~ ' _-i;_‘ .cl r -a. . .,.~_~1 _ . '1-5 1 -_

war r ~,c

r - It - §~’.\\=..

5N

‘>6“'5”

the sweet corn acreage may con-tinue to increase. There wereabout 2,000 acres in Benton countyin 1946 and 1947 and between 9,000and 10,000 acres in Yakima county.

Commercial vegetable produc-tion contributes a signicant seg-ment to Yakima valley farm in-come, bringing in annually about$2,500,000 (exclusive of potatoesand asparagus). Favorable soilconditions, early springs, the long,dry growing season and irrigationwater make possible a wide rangeof products and insure high yieldsand quality. Some vegetable acre-age is found throughout the valley,but the greater portion is concen-

_ trated on the Indian reservationand in the lower half of Yakimacounty.

Concord grapes at Sunnyside, Wash. Experts believe that within 10 years Yakima valley Cornv carrots and peas are grownwill become the leading district in America in Production oi’ this variety. They are used for malnly on Qontl-act5_ Such 01-gal“-juice, jelly and jam. They are live per cent higher in sugar than grapes from Middlewest. . . . k.

zations as California Pac ing cor-poration; Libby, McNeill 8: Libby;

they are more tolerant of this con- corn, asparagus and several other Birdseye; Snyder; Santa Cruz; anddition than other crops. commercial vegetables (onions, car- General Foods are looated in the

Open eld farming is most gen- rots, tomatoes and melons). Pota- valley and process these crops.eral in the lower valley, where the t0<-F5, sugar beets and ¢0rn are fre- Onions, melons and tomatoes arearea in fruit is restricted by a duently included in a rotation 53'5" marketed through Paeic Fruit andlimited amount of suitable slope tem and Substituted f0I‘ eeeh Other Produce company, the Philippineland with good air drainage. There according to the farrnei-’s prefer- Produce company and local pro-are many eld crops grown but enrie, based On hi5 8PPI‘ai$3l Qt diS- duce rms.only a few are to be found on an ease and pest risks, the machinery Alfalfa nlnnllng was developedindividual farm. Some farmers he l_1a$ available» the adaptability simultaneously with the rst irri_have used a rotation scheme based Of his land» and PYlee$- gation development and alfalfaon: (1) a cultivated row crop, (2) With the addition of the irrigated was the leading crop for some time,alfalfa, and (3) small grains. In land of the Roza Irrigation project, but the acreage has heen decrees-addition, many farmers have a which was started in 1935 and com- ing gradually during the past 20part of their acreage planted to pleted in 1948, the Yakima valley years owing to low inoome per acreperennial specialty crops such as has superceded the Kittitas valley as compared with other crops Itgrapes, asparagus, peppermint or as the largest potato growing area is still the most extensively grownhops. The majority of the. farms in the state, and increased from crop on the Indian reservation, oc_range from 20 to 100 acres in size, sixtieth to thirtyfseventh position ennying about 39 per cent of thefor it_ has proved unprotable to among the counties of the nation total irrigated land in that areapractice general farming on less between l940 and 1945. Potatoes Three cuttings of alfalfa are Connthan 20 acres. The larger farms, are well distributed throughout the monly made each year, with a totalaveraging _80 acres, are generally Roza project, the Indian reserva- yield of about three to ve tonson the Indian reservation (Wapato tion and the Sunn side valle . They y per acre Nearly 60000 acres areproject) on the west side of the plantings have varied from 8000 cut each' '

. . . ' year. Most of the crop

Zi§§Z§m1.“n §§‘?hJ‘i-Z‘;'Z‘1t Z?1§§§' §Iil‘S £453"-’§’°r§°’~°S "{°‘w°‘ii“ti19"'i?€‘d has been Shipped *° Seattle W‘of allotting 80 acres to each Iliidiaili date, dug ?:11li%gh0vi,>:ices, goxilernll Portland f‘zr-sa€)e’- butf an tincge-as‘family. Some white farmers rent ment buying of surplus production mg amoun ls -emg e O anytwo or more Indian farms. In con- and increased available land in the’ and beef cattle in the valley.trast to the high frequency of Roza project. During the Past lo years grapes»owner operation in fruit farming, Sweet corn, grown throughout asparagus, ll°P$ and PePPe"n1nltenancy is rather high on open the valley, tends to be concentrated have beeeme rmly established aseld farms because: rst, open eld around Sunnyside and T0ppeni5h important cash crops in the Yaki-farming requires Smell Capital in- because of marketing possibilities. Ina Valley~ Environmental Condi-vestment and, second, many Indian A cannery in Toppenish has been tions are such that optimum pro-owners prefer to rent their farms taking most of the crop, but now duction is obtained in each ofrather than do their own farming. freezing companies in several these perennial crops. The major

The most common cultivated row towns are also processing corn. concentrations are in the lowercrops include potatoes, sugar beets. Because of this additional market valley where suitable at land is

5

THE NORTHWEST May, 1952

an5°2.e:

’c,\~a

available and higher summer tem- l

peratures favor high yields. Diversifigd NEW START WHEN57 YEARS OLDGrapes have been grown in com- -

20 years, but maximum develop-

I

vnmu vn.|_zv, vusmucrou r an rs Scar Owenmercial quantities for more than M d M O B

ment has occurred since 1940. Be- H \.tween 1940 and 1945 Benton count

-1

sl ----w-»~ w--m brought up a family in Oregon andran a diversied farm there for 33

. Y '1‘ b t th ld t d dreee hem few-sixth te tweet» fr" . l'!"" ii iéirieai omZy8i>°ba§L“ J'L’im§3§§§dseventh position among the grape || 5' I. in th C 1 b - fproducing counties of tpe nagon %$a:;ington_e cum la asm Oand Yakima county rose rom t ir- ,,u.;g.;_.;.—,;;- “We are,“ going to rear anotherty-rst t° tWentY'1‘$t Place EX‘ ——-~ — ' family,” they said, “but we intendperts believe that within the next Th 1 1 , t, hm u 1 t d in to de elo th f I f tdecade the valley will become the §:::l1§1;}?<£r£1§;€;=EI::£€1:_§;§‘;€let&h..:tgaptg. we»revdoigga£oStgti$gr:t tge ggtjleading American producing dis- ' tom, although we had $8,000 andtrict ct Concord _grapes- Grapes nxmn VALLEY, vusnmcrou 0111‘ machinery when we 8I‘I‘lV€d.”gI'OWI1 1n the Yakima valley have \§ elm coucnnunou nus Bowen bought the land,a sugar content four or ve per .1, ML’; - 1 t d _.th f W t W dcent higher than those of the Great 5 ........i. lfacl2ciine19ell3,1sigh(l unsiasen, achrd ll’Lakes States” Production Per acre -it . 37‘~‘=’~=i’5-ii3""°"°""""°" has been holding it ever since. Wa-is higher, eight tons per we being ...mme1I|||I||||iixi»iiiii,. ter from the big Columbia Basinaverage in the Yakima Va11eY» with \\ B , Irrigation §project may not be theresome yards yielding as much as 15 . . '-- until next year or probably latertens Per acre The major e°ncen' 0 but Bowen had a well put down:tration of vineyards is south of !o:'egat;t-agllfe P;:gll’(;-11:11:’n:;\lF‘:l;:"l;§c:SP:F2538 S0, in the meantime, four acresUmon Gap» Pa1't1et11a1'1Y 11} the area erase thousaild acrees. principally? g slower; are being irrigated with well wa-from _Zillah to Prosser, with newer "1 eY- tel. and 59 acres are being “dryplantings on the adjacent Roza f ed,» -th h t_

Preieet The future or the grape \\ ".'.’.2£.Z‘.::.‘.;.?.2f".'.".°.1°'“ ‘1l‘vmg‘," aifd happily, too,Industry 15 1n the Pmduetlen °f _ "" in a trailer and a tent until we' vari ie includin in . M »»

American et s g ( Lg I can afford a house, 57-year-olderder et lmpertance) Coneordsv . “mm Bowen declared. “That shouldn’tcamPbe11'5 Early, Wa1'de1'1'$ and K ..||||||||;||||m ~ be too long. Even now we aren’tMoore’s Earl mID ~ mmmml ““l"'* faring badly. We’re in the egg busi-,-'~ ness. Our hens lay well and we

have a waiting list of people want-

y. ..

The acreage of hops in the Yaki- - -= toma valley increased 205 per cent "‘" ‘

Ei

in the period from 1940 to 1945. mrrgpuczign as aotatogs 1151 §onc;Ili]tratle_d (in ing to buy from us as soon as we. ,,Thls was due largely t0 the eX¢el- “.3 mipioiiatoth 353 it'll? ‘E0? 1.0, “;§oii"if‘.Z can take on more customers Welent S01l and climatic conditions planted a two-acre orchard offor this crop and to the wartime mm v-u=v.mw~evo~ peaches, pears, apricots and apples.destruction of the European elds \ °"°' °°""",':‘§"°" "'“' You should see the luscious strawWhleh had t°1'me1'1Y exported h°P5 4 - ,,,,,,, berries we picked last October. Wet0 the United States. Among the um M.-mm tried sweet corn, watermelons, po-crops grown in the valley, hops

_ tatoes and oats with irrigation andrank second only to fruit in per illllillll5!l'l'llllll"'lli‘.] -. ’~||IlIII . , they all grow to beat the band un-

acre income; in recent years sev- )::|m»||.\ ’, Q; der our conditions.eral yards have yielded $1,000 per v___- We ve been offered $12,000 foracre. The total value of the val- '“' our 80 acres already, but it's noley’s hop harvest is exceeded only ,,,*,'{§‘},,,",','°;§',’f1,§§_",,‘§§§‘,f§§§n'f,'§“{,e§&";,§§§§{ dice. We aren’t moving again. Thisby that of apples. The greatest con- hes ewe“ to new lend in Celvmbie Beet"? won’t be easy—nishing the job§€!1tIé3tlOI1 of hop yards is to be we’ve started here—but it is inter-oun in four areas: around Moxee " - estin and we think the ayo" willCity, the Tampico district, the In- §}‘3§;,p'1;;“1ve§f‘§§’1§,te‘:1f tjaveig be ggod enough, too, whren we get

dian reservation-Mabton district ed farming program and their the land all under irrigation.”fifllg litlnitggitéélzggtseu 311;; producétion has been stimulated by in

an ad ed demand for meat and°f Yards» but the latter twe have milk. Population has increased in Apples Brought $750the greatest acreages and Contain the Yakima valley in the nearby A carload of Washington Redthe bulk °f the recent Plantinge towns where atomic energy was Delicious recently was sold forProduction of animals within the developed, and in the rapidly grow- $7.50 per box, f.0.b., combinationvalley began with the inux of the ing cities of the Pacic Northwest. grade, with not over 163 apples torst settlers in the 1880's and has The increase in the number of the box. Veteran shippers said aeentinued t° the P1‘e$e11t- HOWQW-11'» farms and more intensive farming higher price never had been paidthe number of animals produced have made a larger demand for for Washington apples. Returnshas been small until the past dec- animal fertilizer. have averaged lower than this.

6

May, 1952 THE NORTHWEST

Farm and Home ppornmitiesYou may select from this listing of typical farms or ask us forother propositions suited to your needs. Additional information,including addresses of owners or agents, furnished on request.

MINNESOTA main buildings. Two wells. Hip roof about ve miles from Orono. GoodM_l05_30 acres, 70 under plow; barn, 32x44, concrete foundation with house, electricity, spring water. More

level, dark loam. Good four-room leanto, 14x16. Center drive through land could be cleared and farmed. O_nboos‘.-,_ Gothic roof barn, 32x40_ poultry barn, concrete oor and drains, 11 steel gravel road, close to grade school, mailhouse, 12x20." Garage, 22x22, wall stanchions and drinking cups; attached route. Large barn,_lots of timber forhouse. ‘All buildings only a few years silo, 10x20. Room for young stock or wood and pulp. Price, $10,000.old and in excellent condition. County more 5ta!1¢hioI1$- Large Flow with ‘

road, REA, school bus, mail. Price, about 10 tons of Rood hay 1I1¢ll1dod_ 111 WASHINGTON$5_000_ price. Sheep barn, 16x40: granaries, W-l31_—47 acres, about= ve miles

M_l06__30 acres’ Guthrie al~oa_ fair- one, 10x16, and a box car, 8x40. Grade from Winlock, on gravel road. AbouttQ-gOQd buildings, ¢lQ5e'1m1ake_On mail and high schools. Protestant and Cath- 10 _acres _cleared and in meadow, re-route and bus lino REA_.p1~i¢e_ $2300; ol_ic churches; also stores, in Pine mainder in second growth timber and$1340 down River, about nine miles_. Excellent pasture land. Three-bedroom house,

M-l07__g0 acres, equip ed farm _ duck, deer and grouse hunting on farm. livi_ng room, dining _room, utility anddairy ho,-d_ tractor and $31-mlng ma- Trout streams nearby and not far to fruit room; electric lights;_ large chick-chinery included. 40 acres of open land good shing lakes. 1950 taxes. $57.7_0. en house; small orchard Just put out,whloh may be used as pl-,w land if Price, $5,000: $3,000 down; balance in not yet bearing;_ hog house. Refrigera-dosll-od; approximately halflof farm is two years. Plat and further details on tor_, stove, go with dwelling. One cow.used as pasture and supports 15 head 1‘9'll11e5t- Pfloo fol‘ 811. $9.500 Terms-of cattle; good location in prosperous W-132-60 acres, ve miles east offarming community. Ten milk cows, N%Rg1i4l;AKoTA. R Auburn, near main line of Northernteam with harness, tractor, manure . ' 9 0 acres 1" a"5°m. °°‘mty- P ' . 1500 f t f faci c , ee o rontage on state -spreader, silo ller, corn planter, grain SIX Y¥"1°5 $°"'=h °f N°m°~ °"° mlle ~°>°"*h h‘ h . Ab t 10 1 <1ig way ou acres c care andbirlider, grainélrildl, cultivator, disk, eld gaggyagnggé 4ét;ll€i“;§€§(fnpa1s3t:i1i‘(’;'i land is quite level. Has about two acrescu tivator, si e elivery rake, mower, f . t d REA_ ' 1 of a ve-acre lake. Good soil and someWidrowefi Pump look. _haY 1086181‘. aigveallllo od g?,°i‘ $47'6gw° wel 5' °n good second growth timber. Lights andplow on rubber, wagon with rack and g N_70__5§l3' 1' 2;’ so t per acre t power a_vaila le. Bus service. No build-box, desk, davenport, chair, electric W d rth zqrhil rh";§maXb°‘1tu%% ings. Price, $5,000. Reasonable terms.and wood range, new refrigerator, new °° ‘lgn bl“ lgd ° °. -d 9“ d W-133-60-acre dairy farm, Belling-freezer, heating stove. bed, dresser, two acres 8 .e an remam er ‘S 3°‘) ham area, 45 acres cleared. Grade Aother beds, chest of drawers, table, pasmra Pncei $10-000 barn for 26 head. Hen house for 300.chairs, milking maclllinell clectlic %epa- MQNTANA lgagge molchine shed. Modefrn ('§hree-rator, two water tan s, 0 wa er eat- - - e room ome on concrete oun ationer included. Gravel road, telephone, ocigsof 8;€v:Cl.ni)o{€o§:tf:n§a§g:.’ 3553,32 and wired for range. Price, $17,000.electric lines, all pickup routes, one and 30 acres dry land wheat on oil W-l34—28-acre farm, ve-roomand one-half miles to highway, three road not for from Billings scllool bus. house, barn, chicken house and a goodto a shing lake, ve to depot and trad- clcct;_lclty_ Price $16 000. $6 000 down: well. Four acres of Concord grapes, 1_5

ing village, 21 miles t_o a college city. Elder couple doslrés to ro’m.c acres of alfalfa and the remainder isForty acres cropland, includes 10 acres s_8%L_24o acres Bitter Root ‘valley pasture. Price, $9,000. Terms.alfalfa. Forty-acre native grass pasture along highway No 93 sooth 65 acrogcontains 25 acres °f woodland; wen cultivated’ 15 in alfalfa When properly OREGON .

su_pplies stock water, barb and woven balanced ’bctwccn hag, and posture O-02—40 _acres, about 32 cultivated,wire fencing. Two apple trees: good place will run 80 to loo cattle Eightj remainder is seeded pasture; 4 acresfour-room frame house, painted white to ll ith l t - it ' d - of prunes, 5 acres in walnuts, one acre

. . . Y ' lled .electricity, telephone installed. Base- om -ouse W eec rm y’ N - cherries. House has four large roomsment 4x14 las los d h d well with pressure pump, water in, g s-enc e porc : re - . and bath, basement; wired for range.

frame barn, 42x50, hip roof, 14 steel :t1Il§w?org:€n’r%Zg%o¥:.?& aggdgraagallolg’ automatic water heater; also gueststanchions, loft, ha_v sling; silo; good Ranch is ogged by good stream ,,,l’,i¢h' h°l1$o- Big barf}; ohioken house. 24X42poultry house, 16x30; small brooder affords opportunity for Sprinkler in_l_ (2 story), machine shed, brooder house.house, with brooder stove; granary; gallon to supplement a surface in.lga_ On paved highway. Price, $18,500.double garage: woodshed; milk house; tlon right Four lntc,._clty buses go past O-83—Berry and fruit farm, 17“:well house. Owner will give 3.0-day the door daily. also dallv mall several acres; thre_e-bedroom house, plumbingpossession. Price, $9,500 equipped. milk trucks and bus for grade and and electricity, wired for range; hasTerms on $4,500, balance, cash. high school ‘price $20 (loo garage. Barn with 8 stanchions; brood-

M-l08—l60-acre improved farm, well ' ‘ ’ ' ' er house for chickens. Three wells, onedrained and fenced. Heavy productive IDAHO used for irrigati°n' Close t° goodclay loam soil, about 25 acres tillable, I-69-160 acres, 35 cultivated. Land school. Will sell equipment. Price with-part in alfalfa. About 55 acres fenced rolling, more can be cleared. Abun- out equipment, $12,500.sheep tight. about 15 acres drained dance of spring water for both stock O-84-37-acre valley farm,_ nearmeadow and pasture and about 50 acres and domestic use. Electricity available. Woodbum, on pavement. All cultivated,timber, including several carloads of One-fourth mile oif of U.S. highway seeded, fenced with woven wire; mod-marketable popple pulp. Home, 24x28, No. 95 E. Four-bedroom house; barn, ern four-room house, with bath. At-solid log and frame addition, six rooms, chicken house. Has quite a lot of saw tached garage; barn and poultry housewith four rooms downstairs and two timber and other timber. One-fourth both have electricity and water. Deepbedrooms upstairs. Log structure has mile to milk route, school bus, mail 12-inch irrigation-type well, with sev-siding on exterior, painted white to dock (mail comes by boat). Price, eral hundred feet of pipe and sprink-match frame addition, complete with $5,500. Terms if desired. $3,000 down. lers. Also small tractor and tools, 75storm windows and screens. REA in all I-70-156 acres, 50 under cultivation, hens and feed. Price, $8,400. Terms.

Property Described on This Page ls Subject to Sale Without Notice7

L A

cqslft:00 THE NORTHWEST May, 1952\ |f\

Chemicals Bring Radical Changes to Wheat FarmsGrain growers in eastern and cen-

'

tral Washington and in north cen-tral Oregon, by applying nitrogen -on both winter wheat and springwheat varieties the last two years,have been obtaining results whichare almost spectacular. It looks asthough old-time practices will bereplaced by new methods based onthe use of chemicals.

Not only has it been possible toincrease the number of bushels peracre. Some farmers have, by theuse of nitrogen, found that theycan eliminate summer fallow and scsthus msks it possible ts ssss tbs :.':i:..::.:..~:.'::.:*..::;:".:i.ii;::¢'r.*::;::.."::::,:i.;:.::.':..'f:2:..i:.'s:::.:- ~=-tisame land every year instead ()f nd in certain years they can substitute nitrogen fertilizer for lallow. Large areevery other year as they always

‘

have done in the ast, ple, that on very li t and shallow ' -On Herbert MoEeller’s farm, in soils there has beeg actually some Twlns Proved a Pol“?Adams county, by using nitrogen reduction in yields of spring wheat In e0ntI‘0_11ed tests at the M1ne-fertilizer, average yields of wheat when nitrogen fertilizer was ap- seta EXPe1'1ment Statlen two ve‘per acre amounted to 27 bushels in plied. Furthermore, they are afraid aefe tfaets of breme and alfalfa

1948 and 32 bushels in 1949, and that once a couple of dry years Pasture were eempared» with fell!‘then these very high amounts even come along, the nitrogen bubble head Of dalry eattle feeding en eaehfor summer-fallowed land were will break, since it takes moisture tI‘aet- one Was grazed e°ntin11°\_1s1Yfollowed by yields of 37 bushels in the soil to get the most out of and the ether was 8FaZed l‘°tat1°n'and 35 bushels, respectively, in commercial fertilizer. ally, Wlth a new stT1P °f Brass _be'1950 and 1951, all on the same land, Proponents of the new idea, how- 1n8_ Pastured eaeh daY- Identlealcropped every year for four years. ever, point out that a study of rain- twln anlmals Were Psed t0 enmi-Experiments conducted under fall records shows that during the na_te as fa!‘ as Pesslble any Val‘!-the supervision of agronomists at last 32 years there were 31 years atlens In Performance due to thethe state experiment station at at Ritzville and Wilbur, and 30 anlmals themselves-Lind on fall wheat using different years at Kahlotus, in which the Where grazing was continuous,nitrogen compounds show that in- application of commercial fertilizer the yield of total digestible nutri-creases of one bushel to more than would have been justied, based on ents for a 130-day pasture seasonseven bushels per acre are possi- the 1950 and 1951 results. At Pros- amounted to 1,087 pounds per acreble, compared with the same grain ser there were nine summers du1- but on the rotation pasture, noton similar soil without nitrogen. ing the 32-year period when the only was less area required toUnder farm conditions, increases use of nitrogen would have been furnish plenty of grass (less thanof from ve to 16 bushels per acre justied. These four points are rep- three acres) but 3,138 pounds ofhave been reported. Nitrogen com- resentative of Lincoln, Adams, total digestible nutrients per acrepounds have been used at rates Franklin and Benton counties, all were obtained, or three times asvarying from 20 pounds per acre important wheat-growing areas. much per acre as on the grass thatto 50. North Dakota farmers are trying was pastured continuously. The

The results are interesting‘ to chemicals on wheat, too, in the ve acres allotted for rotationsay the lees; and from a very less humid parts of the state, where yielded eight tons of hay in addi-small beginning in 1948, the pra¢- people once said that manufactured tion to the grass that was used,tiee has been growing every yea;-_ fertilizers couldn’t be used. Both while on the other tract no hayIt is estimated that in Adams eeun- nitrogen and superphosphate in- could be cut.ty, where some 300,000 acres are creased the Yields last Year-in wheat every summer, approxi- -ii ‘iimately 10 per cent, or 30,000 acres, - - ,will be fertilized with nitrogen in Temflc T‘"'k°Y T°"‘5 Tradel BY Ran:22. 12:‘ t*;:;.:..t;rL;:§ $22333 ..:§::.:: i§‘§ti‘3;’;i°‘i’;’;‘$‘;i1‘Z{2,,¥"$i‘ :2: iswill be treated. Some people seem American Turkey Growers’ federa- fareS.fr0m yo.ur station a.nd asdlstto think that the results are almost tion, in St. Louis, Loren A. John- Y0“ In Planmng y°ur tnp to m"too good to be true; in fact, they son, Scappoose, Ore., exhibited a 5PeetWe5tern1and-are reserving judgment until they Broadbreasted Bronze tom thatsee further performance in connec- weighed (alive) 49% pounds. Ed J’ W‘ newtion with this new chemical agri- Kolb, Cloquet, Minn., entered one 115 N°l'the1'l1 Paele Raltwayculture. They point out, for exam- that weighed 48% pounds. St. Paul 1, Minn.

8