New medicine project
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Transcript of New medicine project
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Medicine in New England Renaissance
By Ashley Nedley5/3/11
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Inventions
SURGERY
ANESTHESI
AVaccination
Stethescope
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INVENTIONS - ANESTHESIAWilliam Morton
- October 16th, 1846
Purposeful Sleeping
No Pain
Ether mixed with other odors
Letheon* This form of anesthesia was less effective than the anesthesia used today*
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Inventions - surgeryBefore anesthesia
-painful and hard to perform
Punching and unconsciousness
Opium and alcohol
Effects would cause death rather than a cure
*surgery was more dangerous due to no ways to take precautionary measures to protect patients and surgeons*
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Inventions - vaccinesEdward Jenner
Exposure to the disease first
Immunity
injections
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Developments - surgery- No Sanitation- No Protection- Open Spaces
No Gowns or Gloves
Kitchen Tables or in a bedroom
Surgical tools were not sanitized or cleaned between surgeries
No such thing as “precautionary measures”
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Developments – home remedies
Home made “cures”
Cutting or Draining blood from the body
Different teas and types of milk
Lavender and chamomile
Rituals
stews
* MANY HOME REMEDIES ARE STILL USED TODAY BUT MAY BE CONSIDERED “OUT THERE” OR INSANE*
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DEVELOPMENTS – DISiNFECTING SURGICAL
TOOLSDisinfecting surgical tools was presented as a proposal in 1850 but was not accepted as a development until the mid-1860s
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Developments – preventative medicine
Vaccines- horrible
pain- dangerous
Medicines- equal to
the definition of allergy medications or neurological medications
* These measures were highly dangerous due to the exposure to diseases and how painful the vaccinations were*
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Developments – alternative medicine
Medieval tactics
Home remedies
Cutting and draining blood from the body
Other forms of treatment
- household items
Breaking bones
*Very dangerous*
*cutting/bleeding usually lead to death*
* Broken bones led to disease/death*
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Role of Women in Medicine
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THERE WAS NO SUCH THING AS
WOMEN IN MEDICINE!!!!!
• Good for making babies and being a wife to their husbands
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Scientific Research - anatomical
Physicals- checking for signs
of disease- “neurological”
exams
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Scientific research – preventative medicine
Vaccines- exposure- immunity
Cures/ medical preventatives
- home remedies- tonics
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Scientific research – Clinical Studies
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Scientific research – postmortem findings
Autopsy
Study of organs after death
Dangerous – no protection
Bodies sold on the black market
Grave robbing for money
Used as a business
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Diseases – syphilisTreated with mercury and arsenic
- many deaths
Painless sores
Fever
Fatigue
Rash
Neurological problems
• Picture shows sores on the palms of hands
• these sores will be painless but very irritating
• Many died from mercury poisoning
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Diseases - tuberculosis• Treatment:
– Mercury
– Smoking tobacco
– Cod liver stew
– Onion stew
Symptoms
- coughing up blood
- Fatigue
- Fever
- weight loss
- sewating
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Diseases - choleraCaused by poor sanitation of water and facilities
Large intestine infectionSymptoms:
- watery diarrhea- cramps- excess thirst- vomiting* Picture shows poor
sanitation in a 19th century “hospital”*
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Diseases - influenzaCommon flu
Many die due to lack of treatment
Many were placed in a room (to the left) and were left to either die or let the symptoms dissipate
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DISEASES - MALARIA
Spread by mosquitoes
Symptoms:- HIGH FEVERS- ANEMIA- SHAKING CHILLS- FLU LIKE
SYMPTOMS
* TODAY MALARIA IS NOT CONTAGIOUS OR LIFE THREATENING (IF TREATED PROPERLY) BUT IN THE 19TH CENTURY THE DISEASE KILLED MANY*
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DISEASES – FOOD POISONING
[ MOST COMMON ]Most common disease in the 19th century
Poor sanitation
No way to preserve food
e.Coli
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Diseases – smallpoxSerious contagious disease
Causes a rash on the skin
Other symptoms may include vomiting
- aches- fever- shakes
In the 19th century, smallpox was the #1 killing disease
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Treatments• Cutting veins – Fever• Dover’s Powder
– Opium and I Pecae– Treated: pain and induced sweating
• Black Drops– Opium in vinegar
• Laudanam– Opium, alcohol, sugar
• Dragon’s Blood– Red pain resin– Treat impressions in the blood
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TreatmentsJuniper berries
opium
calomel
Carbonate of magnesia
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TreatmentsDRAGON’S
BLOOD
LAUDANAM
DOVER’S POWDER
BLACK
DROPS
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Treatments• Glue• Soap• Castor Oil• Carbonate (milk)
of Magnesia• Opium• Iobelia• Juniper Berries
• Tree Bark• Chili Peppers• Garlic• Calomel• Hypnotism
ALL OF THESE WERE TRIED TO CURE SEVERAL DISEASES BUT NONE PREVAILED
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"Doctors and Diseases on the Oregon Trail." Historic Oregon City. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. <http://www.historicoregoncity.org/HOC/index.php/end-
of- the-oregon-trail-history/oregon-trail-history/104-doctorsdiseases>.
"Modern Medicine in the 19th Century." Canadian Online Pharmacy | Canada Pharmacy | Prescription Drugs Online | Mail Order Rx Drug Store. Web. 25 April 2011. <http://www.buylowdrugs.com/pharmacy-articles/Modern-Medicine-in-the-19th-Century.php>.
"Overview: Medicine 1800-1899 Summary | BookRags.com." BookRags.com | Study Guides, Lesson Plans, Book Summaries and More. Web. 25 April 2011. http://www.bookrags.com/research/overview-medicine-1800-1899-scit-051234/>.
"What Was The State of Medicine in the 1800s?" Nova Scotia Museum. Web. 25 Apr. 2011.
<http://museum.gov.ns.ca/sv/history/medicine/_1_4.html>.
"19th Century Medicine." A Short History of Medical Careers. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. <http://library.thinkquest.org/15569/hist-9.html>.
Works Cited