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![Page 1: New Generation ITS Communications Katsuyoshi Sato National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), IAI, Japan AP-NeGeMo.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022110400/56649db95503460f94aa924c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
New Generation ITS Communications
Katsuyoshi Sato National Institute of Information and Communication
s Technology (NICT), IAI, Japan
AP-NeGeMo
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Study on ITS telecommunication system
Millimeter wave ROF road-vehicle communication system ・Multi-service ・ high speed data transmission
Millimeter wave inter vehicle communication system ・ integrated radar communication system ・ safe operational support
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What is Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC)?
Running vehicles on traffic road communicate each other directly for driving support.
The applications using IVC are Automatic Cruse Control (ACC), Collision Avoidance, Multimedia (Inter-vehicle Karaoke ), e.t.c. .
Short range communication ( ~ 100 m )
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Keywords
Inter-vehicle communication
Millimeter wave (60 GHz)
Propagation characteristics (fading, two ray model )
Data transmission experiments ( 1 - 10 Mbps )
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Driving Support using Inter-Vehicle Communication
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Why millimeter wave ( MM wave) ?
High-efficiency of frequency reuse due to high
attenuation compared with microwave (DSRC)
Low attenuation caused by rain, fog, and snow
compared with optical communications
Potential of wide-band transmission
Sharing of RF section between IVC system and
radar system for collision avoidance
Minaiturization of RF section
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Problems on design of IVC system using MM wave
Rapid changes in signal strength (Fading)
Large Doppler-shift
Strong shadowing effect
Interference between cells
Large frequency drift of RF sections
Cost reduction
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Research on IVC in NICT
Measurement of propagation characteristics of 60 GHz millimeter wave on the road, expressway, e.t.c. . Propagation model between vehicles on the road, Fading
effect, Doppler-shift, Diversity effect, Polarization effect Estimation of inter-vehicle wireless data transmission betw
een running vehicles. Characteristics of received power vs. bit error rate, Effect
of space diversity Mod./Demod., Error correction System design for IVC system using millimeter wave
Feasibility study of IVC using millimeter wave, Standardization, Reflection into laws and regulations
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Measurement of propagation characteristics
Static condition (without fading )
Receieved power, bit error rate (BER) vs. distance
Comparison between result & propagation model
Effect of space diversityBank
Baseball Ground
Building
Test Course (200m)
Parking Lot
Vacant Lot
TxRxVacant
lot
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Experimental facility
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Experimental condition
Center freqency 59.1 GHz
Transmitted power -4 dBm or +9 dBm
Data rate 1 Mbps or 10 Mbps
Modulation DFSK (manchester code)
Detection Differential
Antenna Standard Horn
Antenna gain 24 dBi
Polarization Vertical or Horizontal
Diversity thrshold (Level) -70 dBm
Diversity thrshold (Def.) 10 dB
Diversity timing delay 10 micro seconds
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Dependence of antenna height and distance between vehicles
Confirmation of two-ray propagation model
Estimation of space diversity
Dependence of polarization
Main points of measurements
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Two ray model
direct wave
reflected wave ( reflection coeficient = -1 )
Tx Rxd
ht hr
Received power Pr PtGt Gr
L(d)
2d
2
sin2 2hthr
d
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Two ray model ( assumption )
Reflection coefficient of pavement = -1
Roughness of pavement was ignored
Directivity of antennas was ignored
Absorption of Oxygen @60 GHz = 16 dB/km
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Test course
Bank
Baseball Ground
Building
Test Course (200m)
Parking Lot
Vacant Lot
TxRxVacant
lot
Prefablication
Building
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Resuls ( V-pol )
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
200150100500
Horizontal Distance [m]
10-10
10-8
10-6
10-4
10-2
100
Txh = 46 cmRxh = 85 cmV-pol
Power(Measured) Power(model) BER
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
200150100500
Horizontal Distance [m]
10-10
10-8
10-6
10-4
10-2
100
Txh = 46 cmRxh = 38 cmV-pol
Power(Measured) Power(model) BER
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Results ( Rxh = diversity, V-pol )
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
200150100500
Horizontal Distance [m]
10-10
10-8
10-6
10-4
10-2
100
Txh = 46 cmRxh =diversity V-pol
Power(h=85cm) Power(h=38cm) Power(diversity) BER(diversity)
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Shadowing effect ( Sedan )
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Inter-vehicle data transmission on expressway
Experiments of data transmission on the expressway.
Two vehicle run on the same lane in Yokohama-Yokosuka expressway at 80 km/h with the distance of about 100 m.
Received power and BER were measured.
Effect of space diversity also confirmed.
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Measurement in expressway
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Measurement results in expressway
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Cumulative distribution of received power
0.1
2
4
6
1
2
4
6
10
2
4
6
100
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20
Received Power (reffered to median) [dB]
RxH=83.6 cm RxH=36.1 cm Diversity Rayleigh
0.1
2
4
6
1
2
4
6
10
2
4
6
100
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20
Received Power (reffered to median) [dB]
RxH=83.6 cm RxH=36.1 cm Diversity Rayleigh
Without ShadowingWhole data
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Cumulative distribution of BER
100
80
60
40
20
0
-8 -6 -4 -2 0Exponent of BER
FREE
1 Mbps RxH = 83.6 cm RxH = 36.1 cm Diversity
100
80
60
40
20
0
-8 -6 -4 -2 0Exponent of BER
FREE
10 Mbps RxH=83.6 cm RxH=36.1 cm Diversity
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Regulation of 60 GHz band in Japan ( Aug. 9, 2000 )
59 GHz - 66 GHz ( Unlicensed band ) ( ref. 60GHz - 61 GHz for Radar )
Picture transmission or data transmission
Band width < 2.5 GHz / 1 channel
Frequency variation < 500 ppm
Transmission power < 10 mW
Antenna gain < 47 dBi
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Target system of IVC (provisional)
Frrequency : 60 GHz band
Cell size : 100 m - 150 m ( Line Of Sight)
Data rate : 1 Mbps - 10 Mbps (air rate )
Power : 10 mW, Antenna Gain : 20 - 30 dBi
Low-cost, small-size, high-reliability
(Option) : Fusion between IVC & Radar system (60 GHz)
( image )
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Experiment
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Shadowing effect
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Radar and Transponder system (Vehicle Safety System)
Integrated communication unit
with radar (Scanning Antenna)
Transponder unit
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Radar and Transponder system
Transmission rate: 100kbps
BER (typ.) less than 10-4
Comm. range: 100m
Frequency: 60GHz
Antenna beam width 3deg.
(Radar) 30deg.(Transponde
r)
Rader type: FM-CW
FM sweep range: 100MHz
Transponder
Radar
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Integrated Communication unit
Transponder unit
Transmission rate 100kbps
Transmission method half-duplex
BER less than 1.00E-04
Communication range 100m
Operating frequency 60GHz band
Output Power 3.0mW(4.8dBm)
Multiplex method Time division / superimposed
Modulation 2FSK/AM
Demodulation Homodyne detection
/FSK demodulation
Envelope detection
/FSK demodulation
Antenna beam width 3° -Antenna gain 30dB -Rader type FM-CW -FM sweep range 100MHz -dimensions 150×250×120mm 190×165×63mm
specifications
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Examples of application
radio wave markers (road signs)radio wave markers (road signs) support for safe driving in converging trafficsupport for safe driving in converging traffic intersection safetyintersection safety rear-end collision alarmrear-end collision alarm
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radio wave markers (road signs)
transponder
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support for safe driving in converging traffic
トラポン
Transponder
![Page 34: New Generation ITS Communications Katsuyoshi Sato National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), IAI, Japan AP-NeGeMo.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022110400/56649db95503460f94aa924c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
intersection safety
Transponder
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rear-end collision alarm
Transponder
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Future work for realization of IVC system
Detail investigation of propagation (fading)
Measure against frequency drift of RF sections ( Mod. / Demod., EC, Sync., e.t.c. )
Access method ( multiple access )
Cost reduction
Popularization strategy
Fusion between IVC system & radar system
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Road-Vehicle communication
Millimeter-wave spot communication system high speed data transmission multi-service
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Specification
down link: 59.0-60.0 GHz up link: 61.0-62.0 GHz RF power: 10 dBm FDD antenna gain: 14dBm(base station), 11dBm(mobile statio
n)
modulation: D-BPSK band width: 270MHz data rate: 155.52Mbps
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ROF spot communication system
12cmx18cmx6cm
Base stationControl station
Mobile station
Antenna
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Packet Error Rate
down link up link
1.00E- 06
1.00E- 05
1.00E- 04
1.00E- 03
1.00E- 02
1.00E- 01
1.00E+00
- 80 - 70 - 60 - 50 - 40 - 30 - 20
INPUTLEVEL[dBm]PE
R
1.00E- 06
1.00E- 05
1.00E- 04
1.00E- 03
1.00E- 02
1.00E- 01
1.00E+00
- 80 - 70 - 60 - 50 - 40 - 30 - 20
INPUTLEVEL[dBm]
PE
R
15m
0.5m
15m
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Experiment configuration
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Antenna pattern
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Calculated received power (4.5 m height base station)
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Experiment
Base station
2.5m18.3°
4.5m
Base station
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Received power
- 120
- 110
- 100
- 90
- 80
- 70
- 60
- 50
- 40
- 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Distance [m]
Pow
er
[dB
]
0.00m1.25m2.50m3.75m5.00m
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Packet Error Rate
1.00E-06
1.00E-05
1.00E-04
1.00E-03
1.00E-02
1.00E-01
1.00E+00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Distance [m]
FER
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PER and received power
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Dynamic and Autonomous Multi-Hop Communication System for Advanced Customer-Provided Mobile Communications on VHF Band