New Exim Project

8/8/2019 New Exim Project

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MBA 2008-2011 (Part Time)(Term -SEVENTH)

Project

ON

SCOPE OF DENIM EXPORT IN

BANGLADESHSubmitted To:

Prof. Dr.P.K.Chugan

Submitted By:

HIREN PATEL

Roll No: 082127


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CONTENTSNo Particulars Page

1 INTRODUCTION 3

2 DENIM AS A TEXTILE PRODUCT 3

3 TEXTILE INDUSTRY ANALYSIS IN INDIA 4

4 DENIM MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH IN INDIA 12

5 ITC CLASSIFICATION 13

6 INDIAS EXPORT POLICY FOR DENIM 14

7 SCOPE OF DENIM EXPORT IN BANGLADESH ( EXIMPOLICY, TARRIF, QUATA, TEXTILE ECONOMY)

17

8 PRICES 25

9 OTHER RECOMMENDATION FOR DENIM EXPORT 2810 BIBLIOGRAPHY 29


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INTRODUCTIONProduct Denim:

Denim is a cotton twill, in which the weft passes under two (twi- "double") or more warp fibers. Thisproduces the familiar diagonal ribbing identifiable on the reverse of the fabric. Denim is used for bluejeans, with a copper rivet to strengthen the pocket. Mainly designed for work, they became popularamong teenagers starting in the 1950s. Historic brands include Levis and Wrangler. Today jeans are avery popular form of casual dress around the world and come in many styles and colors, with the "bluejeans" particularly identified with the American Culture.

The denim blue jeans was initially sold by a German-Jewish goods merchant Levi Strauss under the"Levi's" name for the mining communities of California in the 1850s. One of Strauss's customers wasJacob Davis, a tailor who frequently purchased bolts of cloth from the Levi Strauss & Co wholesalehouse. After one of Davis's customers kept purchasing cloth to reinforce torn pants, he had an idea touse copper rivets to reinforce the points of strain, such as on the pocket corners and at the top of thebutton fly. And later he joined Levi Strauss & Co.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denim

Major Exporter of Denim from India:India is one of the major producers of denim fabrics and denim garment in the world. India is one of

the best integrated textile players with having large number of composite mills (from Spinning to

weaving to garment manufacturing). India ranks among the top ten denim manufactures of world.The major exporter of denim from India are

1 . Arvind Ltd 13. rient Craft Ltd

2 . Ashima Ltd 14. Alok Industries Ltd

3. Aarvee denims ltd 15. Sutlej Industries Ltd

4. Chiripal group 16. andan Exim Ltd

5. Shahi Exports Ltd 17. Donear Industries ltd

6. VF Arvind Ltd 18. Bombay Rayon Fashion Ltd

7. UCO Raymond Ltd 19. Modern Denim

8. Bharat Vijay Mills ltd 20. ahar group

9. Creative Ltd 21. Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd

10.ardhaman Spinning and Weaving Mills ltd 22. Madura Garments Ltd

11. BSL group 23. Gokaldas Exports Ltd

12. RSWM group


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TEXTILE INDUSTRY ANALYSIS IN INDIA

INTRODUCTION:

Current Status

The textile industry holds significant status in the India. Textile industry provides one of the mostfundamental necessities of the people. It is an independent industry, from the basic requirement of rawmaterials to the final products, with huge value-addition at every stage of processing.

Today textile sector accounts for nearly 14% of the total industrial output. Indian fabric is in demandwith its ethnic, earthly colored and many textures. The textile sector accounts about 30% in the total

export. This conveys that it holds potential if one is ready to innovate.The textile industry is the largest industry in terms of employment economy, expected to generate 12million new jobs by 2010. It generates massive potential for employment in the sectors fromagricultural to industrial. Employment opportunities are created when cotton is cultivated. It does notneed any exclusive Government support even at present to go further. Only thing needed is to givesome directions to organize people to get enough share of the profit to spearhead development.


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Segments

Textile industry is constituted of the following segments

o Readymade Garments

o Cotton Textiles including Handlooms (Millmade / Powerloom/ Handloom)

o Man-made Textiles

o Silk Textiles

o Woollen Textiles

o Handicrafts including Carpets

o Coir

o Jute

The cottage industry with handlooms, with the cheapest of threads, produces average dress material,which costs only about 200 INR featuring fine floral and other patterns. It is not necessary to add anydesign to it. The women of the house spin the thread, and weave a piece in about a week.

It is an established fact that small and irregular apparel production can be profitable by providingaffordable casual wear and leisure garments varieties.

Now, one may ask, where from the economy and the large profit comes in if the lowest end of the chaindoes not get paid with minimum per day labour charge. It is an irony of course. What people at theupper stratum of the chain do is, to apply this fabric into a design with some imagination and earn inmillions. The straight 6 yards simple saree, drape in with a blouse with embroideries and bead work,then it becomes a designers ensemble. For an average person, it can be a slant cut while giving it a

shape, which can double the profit. Maybe, the 30 % credit that the industry is taking for itscontribution to Indian economy as good as 60 % this way. Though it is an industry, it has to innovate toprosper. It has all the ingredients to go ahead.

Current Scenario

Textile exports are targeted to reach $50 billion by 2010, $25 billion of which will go to the US. Othermarkets include UAE, UK, Germany, France, Italy, Russia, Canada, Bangladesh and Japan. The nameof these countries with their background can give thousands of insights to a thinking mind. The slantcut that will be producing a readymade garment will sell at a price of 600 Indian rupees, making thevalue addition to be profitable by 300 %.

Currently, because of the lifting up of the import restrictions of the multi-fibre arrangement (MFA)since 1st January, 2005 under the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Textiles andClothing, the market has become competitive; on closer look however, it sounds an opportunitybecause better material will be possible with the traditional inputs so far available with the Indianmarket.


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At present, the textile industry is undergoing a substantial re-orientation towards other then clothingsegments of textile sector, which is commonly called as technical textiles. It is moving vertically withan average growing rate of nearly two times of textiles for clothing applications and now account formore than half of the total textile output. The processes in making technical textiles require costlymachinery and skilled workers.

The application that comes under technical textiles are filtration, bed sheets and abrasive materials,

healthcare upholstery and furniture, blood-absorbing materials and thermal protection, adhesive tape,seatbelts, and other specialized application and products.

Strengths

India enjoys benefit of having plentiful resources of raw materials. It is one of the largest producers ofcotton yarn around the globe, and also there are good resources of fibres like polyester, silk, viscoseetc...

There is wide range of cotton fibre available, and has a rapidly developing synthetic fibre industry.India has great competitiveness in spinning sector and has presence in almost all processes of the value

chain.Availability of highly trained manpower in both, management and technical. The country has a hugeadvantage due to lower wage rates. Because of low labor rates the manufacturing cost in textileautomatically comes down to very reasonable rates.

The installed capacity of spindles in India contributes for 24% share of the world, and it is one of thebiggest exporters of yarns in the global market. Having modern functions and favorable fiscal policies,it accounts about 25% of the world trade in cotton yarn.

The apparel industry is largest foreign exchange earning sector, contributing 12% of the country's totalexports.

The garment industry is very diverse in size, manufacturing facility, type of apparel produced, quantityand quality of output, cost, requirement for fabric etc. It comprises suppliers of ready-made garmentsfor both, domestic or export markets.

Weakness

Massive Fragmentation:

A major loop-hole in Indian textile industry is its huge fragmentation in industry structure, which is ledby small scale companies. Despite the government policies, which made this deformation, have beengradually removed now, but their impact will be seen for some time more. Since most of the companies

are small in size, the examples of industry leadership are very few, which can be inspirational modelfor the rest of the industry.

The industry veterans portrays the present productivity of factories at half to as low as one-third oflevels, which might be attained. In many cases, smaller companies do not have the fiscal resources toenhance technology or invest in the high-end engineering of processes. The skilled labor is cheap inabsolute terms; however, most of this benefit is lost by small companies.

The uneven supply base also leads barriers in attaining integration between the links in supply chain.This issue creates uncontrollable, unreliable and inconsistent performance.


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Political and Government Diversity:The reservation of production for very small companies that was imposed with an intention to help outsmall scale companies across the country, led substantial fragmentation that distorted thecompetitiveness of industry. However, most of the sectors now have been de-reserved, and majorentrepreneurs and corporate are putting-in huge amount of money in establishing big facilities or inexpansion of their existing plants.

Secondly, the foreign investment was kept out of textile and apparel production. Now, the Governmenthas gradually eliminated these restrictions, by bringing down import duties on capital equipment,offering foreign investors to set up manufacturing facilities in India. In recent years, India has provideda global manufacturing platform to other multi-national companies that manufactures other than textileproducts; it can certainly provide a base for textiles and apparel companies.

Despite some motivating step taken by the government, other problems still sustains like various taxesand excise imbalances due to diversification into 35 states and Union Territories. However, an outlineof VAT is being implemented in place of all other tax diversifications, which will clear theseimbalances once it is imposed fully.

Labour Laws:In India, labour laws are still found to be relatively unfavorable to the trades, with companies havingnot more than ideal model to follow a 'hire and fire' policy. Even the companies have often broken theirbusiness down into small units to avoid any trouble created by labour unionization.

In past few years, there has been movement gradually towards reforming labour laws, and it isanticipated that this movement will uphold the environment more favorable.

Distant Geographic Location:There are some high-level disadvantages for India due to its geographic location. For the foreign

companies, it has a global logistics disadvantage due the shipping cost is higher and also takes muchmore time comparing to some other manufacturing countries like Mexico, Turkey, China etc. Theinbound freight traffic has been also low, which affects cost of shipping - though, movement ofcontainers are not at reasonable costs.

Lack of trade memberships:India is serious lacking in trade pact memberships, which leads to restricted access to the other majormarkets. This issue made others to impose quota and duty, which put scissors on the sourcing quantitiesfrom India.

Opportunities

It is anticipated that India's textile industry is likely to do much better. Since the consumption ofdomestic fibre is low, the growth in domestic consumption in tandem is anticipated with GDP of 6 to 8% and this would support the growth of the local textile market at about 6 to 7 % a year.

India can also grab opportunities in the export market. The industry has the potential of attaining $34bnexport earnings by the year 2010. The regulatory polices is helping out to enhance infrastructures ofapparel parks, Specialized textile parks, EPZs and EOUs.

The Government support has ensured fast consumption of clothing as well as of fibre. A single rate willnow be prevalent throughout the country.


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The Indian manufacturers and suppliers are improving design skills, which include different fabricsaccording to different markets. Indian fashion industry and fashion designers are marking their name atinternational platform. Indian silk industry that is known for its fine and exclusive brocades, is alsoadding massive strength to the textile industry.

The industry is being modernized via an exclusive scheme, which has set aside $5bn for investment inimprovisation of machinery. International brands, such as Levis, Wal-Mart, JC Penny, Gap, Marks &

Spencer and other industry giants are sourcing more and more fabrics and garments from India. AloneWal-Mart had purchased products worth $200mn last year and plans to increase buying up to $3bn inthe coming year. The clothing giant from Europe, GAP is also sourcing from India.

AnticipationAs a result of various initiatives taken by the government, there has been new investment of Rs.50,000crore in the textile industry in the last five years. Nine textile majors invested Rs.2,600 crore and planto invest another Rs.6,400 crore. Further, India's cotton production increased by 57% over the last fiveyears; and 3 million additional spindles and 30,000 shuttle-less looms were installed.

Forecast till 2010 for textiles by the government along with the industry and Export Promotion

Councils is to attain double the GDP, and the export is likely attain $85bn. The industry is anticipatedto generate 12mn new jobs in various sectors.

How to promote textile exports

For promotion of exports the measures which should be taken up are

Up gradation of textiles sector

Policy level decision to achieve export target

Woven segment of readymade garment sector and knitwear have been de-reserved

Technology Up-gradation Fund Scheme to be pursued till next five years

Liberalization of FDI Policy with up to 100 per cent foreign equity participation

Import of capital goods at 5% concession rate of duty with appropriate export

obligation under

Export Promotion Capital Goods (EPCG) Scheme and clearly laid out EXIM

policy

Advance Licensing Scheme with standard input-output norms

Prescribed Duty Exemption Pass Book (DEPB) Scheme credit rates

Duty Drawback Scheme wherein the exporters are allowed refund of the excise andimport duty loss on raw materials

Construction of Apparel International Mart by Apparel Export Promotion Council to provide aworld class facility to the apparel exporters to exhibit products and built international reputation


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Setting up of quality checking laboratories

Apparel Park for Exports Scheme to invite international production units along with in-houseproduction floors.

ezinearticles.com/?Textile-Industry-in-India&id=373841

CURRENT FACTS ON INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

India retained its position as worlds second highest cotton producer.

Acreage under cotton reduced about 1% during 2008-09.

The productivity of cotton which was growing up over the years has decreased in 2008-09.

Substantial increase of Minimum Support Prices (MSPs).

Cotton exports couldn't pick up owing to disparity in domestic and international cottonprices.

Imports of cotton were limited to shortage in supply of Extra Long staple cottons.

business.mapsofindia.com India Industry

THE GLOBAL TEXTILE ENVIROMENT & POST QUOTA SCENARIO:

MFA (Multi-Fibre Agreement) was an agreement through which a particular country was restricted toexport its textile products beyond a certain level to European and US markets. So, a specific quota was

fixed for each country, and no country could exceed the quantity assigned. Thus, the motive behind this

agreement was to provide a window of opportunity for the under developed and developing economies,

or simply to save the interest of the domestic textile industries in the European Union (EU) and the US.

The textile segment has been governed by many agreements since last 30 years. To name a few: the

Short Term Cotton Arrangement in the year 1961, the Long Term Cotton Arrangement from 1962 to

1973, and the Multi-fibre Arrangement from 1974 to 1994. It is clear, efforts to liberalise trade and

textiles has been tough. The key players from the developed countries took protective measures and

made heavy investments in textile, and the result, the developed countries became the most capital-

intensive nations within the textile manufacturing segment.
http://www.google.co.in/url?url=http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-industry/&rct=j&sa=X&ei=rdpmTKW-Go-kvgPDooX-Aw&ved=0CCIQ6QUoAA&q=+++++++++++++TEXTILE+INDUSTRY+ANALYSIS+IN+INDIA&usg=AFQjCNGG_vL_9CN9cli7EXvmc-oTplq7DAhttp://www.google.co.in/url?url=http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-industry/&rct=j&sa=X&ei=rdpmTKW-Go-kvgPDooX-Aw&ved=0CCIQ6QUoAA&q=+++++++++++++TEXTILE+INDUSTRY+ANALYSIS+IN+INDIA&usg=AFQjCNGG_vL_9CN9cli7EXvmc-oTplq7DAhttp://www.google.co.in/url?url=http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-industry/&rct=j&sa=X&ei=rdpmTKW-Go-kvgPDooX-Aw&ved=0CCIQ6QUoAA&q=+++++++++++++TEXTILE+INDUSTRY+ANALYSIS+IN+INDIA&usg=AFQjCNGG_vL_9CN9cli7EXvmc-oTplq7DA


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At the same time, developing countries were subject to quantitative restrictions, thus keeping a strong

hold on textile exports, keeping the edge by optimum textile production. The MFA was terminated on

31 December 1994, with entry into force of the WTO and its Agreement on Textiles and Clothing

(ATC) on 1 January 1995. It was done in order to have a multi-lateral liberal system of trading by

terminating quota from textile exports by the end of 2005 But presently the single biggest factorinfluencing the textile industry appears to be the end of the textile quota regime of quantitative import

restrictions under the multi-fibre arrangement (MFA) on 1st January, 2005 under the World Trade

Organisation (WTO) Agreement on Textiles and Clothing. The removal of quotas, seen as an

opportunity by many, including the government, is driving investment and liberalisation in the textile

space. Hence it has become very necessary for India to exploit this opportunity.

Post 2005 however, it has emerged (as expected) that there are several reasons holding Indias textile

industry back. This is on account of the lesser presence of modern machinery, efficient labour policies,

infrastructure and foreign investment policies.

Chinese companies have the advantage of lower power costs and better power availability over Indian

companies, and they also enjoy shorter lead time to the US, which is an advantage. Other countries like

Mexico and Turkey have more efficient port systems or more favourable locations also possess some

advantage. The Indian labour laws which prevent retrenchment of workers from sick units are another

hurdle in the path of competitiveness.

Even with all these problems, Indian textile exports have grown post the 2005 removal of quotas, but

this growth has been a modest 10-11%. During the same period, textile exports from China have grown

at rates in excess of 20%, and from a larger base at that.

The export markets however, still present a considerable opportunity which the Indian industry should

be able to tap. The Chinese threat, while very real, has been offset to some extent by recent

developments. The extremely high growth of Chinese textile exports to the U.S has resulted in quotas

being reinstated for Chinese goods in certain segments. The European Union too has reached an

agreement with china which has seen china agreeing to curtail exports. A school of thought also exists

which maintains that companies in the U.S would prefer to spread out their suppliers, as placing all

their eggs in the Chinese basket may be somewhat risky. The Indian government has also not been


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entirely blind, introducing measures such as the national technology up gradation fund and removing

the differential taxation scheme which discriminated against large units. They have also allowed textile

units to build and operate captive power plants, which should ease the power problem. Some

companies are also making use of the SEZs to get around labour laws. The domestic market too, is

projected to grow in the coming years. On the whole, indications for the textile industry are largelypositive. But as is the case with every industry, only the well run companies will be able to exploit the

export market to the fullest.

In 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) renewed the MFA with an Agreement on Textiles and

Clothing (ATC), which agreed that all quotas on textiles and clothing would disappear between WTO

member countries on January 1, 2005.

The expiration of ATC marked the end of quotas, limiting textile and clothing trade between the WTO

members. Huge developing countries like China, India and Pakistan were the ones most restricted by

the quotas. While India and China are likely to emerge as winners, the main losers after quota will be

quota-restricted countries who have enjoyed the benefits and protection for more than 40 years. The

fears that prices will fall dramatically after quotas has been eliminated.

The post quota market has changed with producers already affected by changes in retailing. Big

retailers are buying up independent brands to give consumers more value and enhance their shopping

experience.


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DENIM MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH IN INDIA

Denim Market In India There are 23 denim mills in India

600 million mtrs/ Year denim manufacturing capacity ( installed/under installation)

Approx. 79 % of the jeans sold in India are tagged with a label, the rest by tailors and

localized manufacturers. The menswear obtains a majority share of the Indian market with around 75 percent,

womens wear at around 15 per cent and kids wear at around 10 percent. (This is because theIndians are still very conservative with most of the denim wear in womens segment beingworn in the cities )

Domestic Market sells approx 300 million metres/ annum: Domestic denim market of Indiais huge and growing . The per capita consumption of jeans in India is, however, only about0.3 jeans per person p.a.

Where as export of denim fabrics is around 170 -180 million metres/ annum.

Indian Domestic Denim Market

Denim FabricSelling Centre

Sales/Month (InMillion Mtrs.)

Sales/Annum (inMillion Mtrs.)

Ahmedabad 0.6 7.2

Delhi &Nearby 10 120

Mumbai 6 72

Ulhasnagar 3 36

Kolkatta 2.5 30

Bellari 0.5 6

Indore 0.3 3.6

Others 1 12

Total 23.9 286.8

The domestic denim market in India consumes about 300 million mtrs of denim currently and at a10% CAGR , can reach about 530 million mtrs in 2015.

www.denimsandjeans.com/...denim.../denim.../world-denim-market-a-report-on-capacitiesmarket-size-forecasts-etc/

Denim consumption boost up in India Various apparel categories, excluding innerwear, jeanswear too isconnected to brand tags in India. A label tag is a must now on the back waist panel of even tailoredgarments. As regards to contribution of the branded section in each category percentages may vary,

approximately 79 percent of the jeans sold in India tagged with label, the rest of jeans are supplied bytailors and localised manufacturers with no-name.Denim wear consumption in India and the business is itself changes almost everyday with newmodification and new brands, it is also becoming a part of its action by determining the size, characterand make up and it also requires a profound market research study.According to a survey report, by considering the aspects of socio-economic, cultural, emotional andfunctional backgrounds and its applications there are four type of branded jeanswear market availablein India.

ezinearticles.com/?India-Among-Top-Jeanswear-Marke


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ITC (HS) ClassificationIntroduction

There are millions of trade transactions occurring each year. These transactions are classified underapproximately 8,000 different products. Every item that is exported is assigned a unique 10-digitidentification code.

The Harmonization Code System (HS-Code) is a system of progressively more specific identifiers for acommodity. For example, concentrated frozen apple juice is assigned a 10-digit identifier. This numberis an aggregate of a series of codes starting with a broad category assigned a 2-digit identifier describedas Preparations of Vegetables, Fruit, Nuts etc. It is then assigned a 4-digit identifier described as fruitjuices and vegetable juices, etc. The 6-digit identifier is described as apple juice.

CATEGORY XI - TEXTILE & TEXTILE ARTICLESCode 50 Silk, including yarns and woven fabric thereof

Code 51 Wool & animal hair, including yarn & woven fabric

Code 52 Cotton, including yarn and woven fabric thereof

Code 53 Other vegetable textile fibers; paper yarn and woven fabrics of paper yarnCode 54 Manmade filaments, including yarns & woven fabrics

Code 55 Manmade staple fibres, including yarns & woven fabrics

Code 56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns; twine, cordage, ropes and cables

and articles thereof

Code 57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings

Code 58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace; tapestries; trimmings;

embroidery

Code 59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics; textile articles for

industrial use

Code 60 Knitted or crocheted fabricsCode 61 Apparel articles and accessories, knitted or crocheted

Code 62 Apparel articles and accessories, not knitted or crocheted

Code 63 Other textile articles; needlecraft sets; worn clothing and worn textile articles;

rags

52094200 - Denim HS Code and Indian Harmonised System Code.

(ii) Technological UpgradationTo usher in the next phase of export growth, India needs to move up in the value chain of export

goods.This objective is sought to be achieved by encouraging technological upgradation of our exportsector. A number of initiatives have been taken in this Policy to focus on technological upgradation;such initiatives include

EPCG Scheme at zero duty has been introduced for certain engineering products, electronic products,basic chemicals and pharmaceuticals, apparel and textiles, plastics, handicrafts,chemicals and allied products and leather and leather products

www.fabrics-manufacturers.com http://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.html
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INDIAS EXPORT POLICY FOR DENIM

Changes suggested in cotton export policy by PMEAC

Sudden changes in the cotton export policy are likely to affect the farmers interest, thereby, creating animpact in Indias image as a dependable international supplier, informed the Prime MinistersEconomic Advisory Council (PMEAC).

In its economic viewpoint for the current fiscal, PMEAC informed that, the cotton year 2009-10 hasundergone a series of sudden policy changes, which has already initiated an element of uncertainty forthe stakeholders, which is unacceptable.

During April and May this year, a number of policy decisions were taken with respect to exports ofcotton. Starting with the duty that was imposed to cut down exports, followed by suspension ofregistered new export contracts, and the final blow was forcing shipments to undergo a license regime.

PMEAC avers that, all these sudden changes will harm Indias stand as a trustworthy global supplier.The export restrictions were levied to curb the steep increase in outward shipments of cotton and risinglocal prices.

But these restrictions were later withdrawn in May, following protests from leading cotton producingstates such as Gujarat. Therefore, the council feels that it is vital to decide now on the policy regime fornext year, and accordingly fix a target for exports.

But PMEAC has directed that, policy makers should first fix the exports target, which should be based

on the availability of cotton from local production, its use by the industry and the required stocks by theend of the cotton season.

More over, it was also suggested that all stakeholder ministries such as Textiles and Agriculture, mustbe involved in the task of fixing the export target. PMEAC informed that, the current export duty of Rs2,500 per ton of cotton is far from just being unreasonable.

www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/newsdetails- July 26, 2010 (India)

India Allows Cotton Exports From Oct. 1 Without Licenses

India, the world's second-largest cotton supplier, will allow cotton exports without mandatory licensesfrom the next marketing year starting Oct. 1, a government order said Tuesday, likely boosting thecountry's shipment and prices. But the contracts for cotton exports will have to be registered with theTextile Commissioner before shipments are made, the government order said.
http://www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/newsdetailshttp://www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/newsdetailshttp://www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/newsdetails


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The Ministry hopes that Technology Upradation Fund scheme (TUFS) will give the added boost toIndia's textile modernisation. For the first time, in a major stimulus to the industry, a subsidy of Rs2,546 crore was released on August 06, 2009, in a single tranche, with the amount credited to the bankaccounts of 12.514 beneficiaries in a record time of 72 hours (3 working days) reconstituting aneffective addition to the stimulus packages announced by the Government. During 2009-10, Rs.2,885.98 crore was disbursed as subsidy under TUFS.

The government has come up with a National Fibre Policy and its draft has been put up in publicdomain yesterday for wider consultation .The Ministry has also come up with a one time grant of Rs200 cr for setting up 20 Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) by dyeing units in Tirupur to ensure zeroliquid discharge.

The Ministry had also provided enhanced support handloom marketing, modernisation of 18 millsunder National Textile Corporation and providing grants under Scheme for Integrated Textile Parks(SITP) which was released for 17 parks.

Despite the global slowdown, share of Indias textile exports in total exports increased to 12.05% from10.82% in 2008-09. In a Look East Policy, new markets have been tapped to promote exports, besidesconsolidating existing markets like EU and US. As part of the initiatives, mega textile shows have beenheld to capture new markets in Japan, South Asia, Australia, Latin America and South Africa, accordingto Ministry of Textiles.

Some analysts pointed out that both India and China are expected to face tough competition fromBangladesh when it comes to textiles exports. India's new initiatives may not yield results soon andtherefore the lull in exports may continue atleast for a year, they added.

Published on: June 29, 2010 at 19:10 www.commodityonline.com


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ABOUT COUNTRY BANGLADESHMAP:

Capital Cities... Dhaka

Population: 158,065,841

GDP: $242,400,000,000 (USD)

Total Area: 144,000 (sq km) 55,598 (sq mi)

Currency: taka

Introduction

Textiles play an important role in the economic life of Bangladesh. The sector, in addition to meeting

the demand of fabrics and apparel domestically, contributes significantly to the textiles and clothing

(T&C) export trade. At present, more than 78 per cent of the countrys export earnings come from

T&C. The sector provides employment to a workforce of 4.5 million and contributes 40 per cent value

addition to the manufacturing sector.

Textiles as a whole play the most significant role in the alleviation of poverty, provision of employment

to rural women and economic empowerment of women. The sector provides 200,000 jobs in the waste

recycling industry related to ready-made garments (RMG), contributes 10.5 per cent to GDP, provides

indirect employment for an 800,000-workforce in accessories industries related to T&C and generates a

huge cliental base for banking, insurance, shipping, transport, hotel, cosmetics, toiletries and related


18/29

economic activities. Bangladesh entered the international T&C trade in the early part of the 1980s,

when the Government opted for a market-oriented economy. Investments in the primary textile sector

(PTS), i.e., spinning, weaving and dyeing-printing-finishing (textile product processors), started at the

same time as the expansion and entry of ready-made garments (apparels and clothing) into international

markets. When Bangladesh entered the global T&C markets, export earnings were insignificant. Forexample, during fiscal year 1981/82 (July-June), the share of T&C in total export earnings was 1.1

percent (comprising only woven garments). Over the years, that share increased to 78 per cent of the

total earnings, to reach US$ 8.1 billion during fiscal 2005/06. Immediately after liberation in 1972, the

Government opted for a socialistic economic policy by nationalizing all big industries. At that time, all

large textile mills were nationalized. However, when the Government opted for a market-oriented

economic policy, the textile mills were gradually handed over to the private sector in phases.

Ministry of Textiles records show that as of 2006 there were 23 textile mills under Government

ownership with 400,000 installed spindles and a total capacity of 40 million kg of yarn production.

However, most of the mills are non-functional and the machinery is obsolete. Although the

performance of public sector mills has slowly declined, private sector mills have flourished under the

supportive policy of successive governments. Table 1 provides an overview of the growth pattern of

primary textile mills. Since the T&C sector comprises spinning, weaving, dyeing-printing-finishing,

handlooms and power looms, export-oriented ready-made garment units and other ancillary textile

units table 2 provides a comprehensive idea about the size and contribution of each sector in the

national economy: There are different types of mills in the overall T&C structure of Bangladesh.

General export trends for some new products

Denim trousersBangladesh emerged as the number one supplier of denim clothes to the European market,

commanding a 27 per cent share of import during the first half of 2006. Exporters said that increasing

availability of locally- produced denim fabrics and the enhanced ability to offer the most competitive

prices helped Bangladesh gain a greater market share. Restrictions in the European Union on certaintypes of apparel from some Asian countries have also benefited the Bangladesh denim sector to a great

extent.

In terms of earnings, however, Bangladesh ranked third because of the exporters concentration on low-

cost dresses. The latest compilation of European Union data shows that, during January-June 2006,


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Bangladeshi apparel manufacturers shipped about 24 million pairs of denim jeans in the mens and

boys category to European importers. Export volume during the same period increased by 26.15 per

cent and stood at the top with 26.76 per cent of total European imports of denims. On average,

Bangladeshi denim exporters charged a 4.03 unit price for mens and boys jeans, whereas the global

average was 7.38 per unit.

In the womens and girls denim category, Bangladeshi exporters saw the volume increase by more than

91 per cent to about 17 million pairs during January-June 2006. Bangladesh also topped the list in this

category with 18.59 per cent of the European Union market share, which was more than double the

share for the previous year. However, Bangladesh lagged behind in terms of earnings from womens

and girls denim clothes. Local capacity for producing denim fabrics has expanded significantly in

recent years, which has helped apparel manufacturers to cater to the demand from European buyers.

With the continuous development and penetration in the textile market as well as diversification in

products, there has been a significant demand for fabrics and yarn during the past five years. However,

domestic fabric manufacturing mills cannot cope with the demand. As such, a vast scope exists for

investment in fabric production

Major policy options initiated in line with the changed multilateral regime under

WTOFollowing the establishment of WTO and the implementation of the Uruguay Round agreement, the

following measures have been taken in response to trade liberalization policy, with regard to the T&C

subsector of Bangladesh:

In line with the ATC provisions, the Unilateral Quantitative Restrictions on imports oftextile products were withdrawn by notifications issued in 1995,1998 and 2002.

The customs duty on imports of textile fibres, yarn and fabrics in 2001were at five levels zero per cent, 5 per cent, 15 per cent, 25 per cent and 37.5 per cent. This has been reduced tofour levels zero per cent, 5 per cent, 12 per cent and 25 per cent.

The South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) came into force on 1 January 2006. The TariffLiberation Programme (TLP) commenced on 1 July 2006 with a road map for tariff reductionin a phased manner such as by non- LDCs to LDCs (December 2008), non-LDCs to non-LDCs(December 2014) and LDCs to all contracting States (December 2015).

Import duty on textile machinery, most spares and accessories, dyes and chemicals, and rawcotton have been reduced to zero.

Child labour in the T&C industry has been eradicated.

Various compliance issues are gradually being addressed by manufacturers and exporters ofT&C products.

Social accountability and labour safeguard measures are gradually being developed.

Sanitary and phytosanitary measures are being developed.


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Further, Bangladesh generally follows internationally recognized labelling. In this regard, the Product

Labelling Policy, 2006 was adopted by the Government of Bangladesh. Recognized ISO standards are

being developed and implemented. To ensure marketing of quality products of standard specification,the registration and prior approval of labels for certain products of T&C have been made compulsory.

Imports of T&C products are open, but it requires registration from Chief Controller of Import and

Export in order to keep track of the importers as well as volume of imports of different products. To be

granted import registration the following major documents are required:

A trade licence;

Membership Certificate from a Chamber of Commerce or related trade association;

Tax identification number; Bank Solvency Certificate.

In addition, conformity with standard or technical regulation on T&C through laboratory tests by a

conformity assessment body has been made essential for international trade. Bangladesh is trying to

develop an internationally acceptable testing laboratory for T&C products. The European Union and

UNIDO are providing technical assistance in developing and setting up such a laboratory. In this

regard, the Government has already established the Bangladesh Accreditation Board and has been

trying to upgrade the level of international standards being followed and to become a signatory of

International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation.

Policy support to meet post-MFA challengesWith the phasing out of MFA, trade in T&C is facing serious challenges from newly industrialized

countries. Different competing countries are providing policy support as well as financial support in

order to increase the competitiveness of their T&C industries. To compete on an equal footing, the

Government of Bangladesh has initiated programmes for not only developing and expanding the

sector overall, but also to increase competitiveness so that Bangladeshi entrepreneurs and exporters

will be able to compete with developing countries as well as with countries of Southeast Asia.

Considering the importance of the primary textile sector in the national economy, in July 2005 the

Government formed a high-level inter-ministerial taskforce, headed by a former Minister for Textiles

and Jute, to assess and evaluate the present status and make recommendations for the development and

expansion of PTS. Following meetings with all stakeholders, the taskforce report made 12


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recommendations for implementation. The report was approved by the former Government.

The recommendations, which form the core policy guideline for overall development of the T&C

sector for the next 10 years, are that:

The debt-equity ratio should be fixed at 70:30 or any other favourable rate;

The weaving and dyeing-finishing subsector should be given an extra boost and priority whileconsidering bank loans for investments;

The difference between export proceeds conversion be restricted within the maximum range of50 paisa between the Bangladesh taka and the United States dollar;

Provision be made for bank loans at a lower rate of interest. The interest on investments in thetextile sector should be fixed at 9 per cent, both by nationalized and private sector banks. Atpresent, nationalized banks are lending at 9 per cent while private sector banks charge 14 percent;

In considering textiles as a thrust sector, all imported spares and all imported dyes, chemicalsand sizing materials used in the textile sector be made duty-free and tax-free;

The rate of cash assistance in lieu of duty drawbacks and bond facilities be increased to 10 percent;

In order to meet the scarcity of technical personnel in the textile sector, more technical andvocational technical institutes be set up, and the status of the Bangladesh College of TextileTechnology be upgraded to Textile University. In addition, Textile Faculties should beestablished at all technical universities, and all technical schools, colleges and vocationalinstitutes should include textiles as a subject in their curricula; A High-tech Park, GarmentVillages, API and EPZ with necessary infrastructural facilities for setting up textile industriesshould be established on a priority basis;

The tax holiday scheme be continued;

In order to protect the environment, the establishment of effluent treatment plants should beencouraged by providing machinery and other equipment as well as spare parts on a duty-freebasis;

A committee be set up with representatives from the Ministry of Local Government, Ministry ofIndustry, Ministry of Textiles and Jute, Ministry of Commerce, the Board of Investment, variouslocal authority bodies and the Bangladesh Textile Manufacturers Association for clusteringindustrial regions;

In considering the textile sector as a thrust sector, the electricity, gas, cost, freight andinsurance sectors be left out of the VAT net.

Once the recommendations have been implemented (in phases, if necessary, thetextile industry will be able to become sustainable, develop, expand and play its role inthe economic development of Bangladesh.

www.unescap.org/tid/publication/tipub2500_pt2chap1.pdf
http://www.unescap.org/tid/publication/tipub2500_pt2chap1.pdfhttp://www.unescap.org/tid/publication/tipub2500_pt2chap1.pdf


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QUOTA HIGHLIGHTS

According to WTO agreement, quotas are phased out and import tariffs are reduced in the major

importing markets of textile items from Bangladesh. From the year 2005, all quota restrictions are

eliminated and tariffs are

reduced to minimum limits.

Bangladesh enjoys duty free access to EU, Canada, Japan, Argentina, Mexico and Brazil, if the fabric

and the garment is produced (2 stages) in the country. Under this facility, almost all knitwear and most

of the woven wear items are exported to these countries duty free

TEXTILE ECONOMY Bangladesh is the unbeatable global supplier for basic and semi basic knit and woven wear, due to its

strength of low cost labor and GSP/LDC facilities

Textile sector is considered as Thrust Sector by the Government, giving

special incentives to entrepreneurs, which in turn has augmented the overall increase of production

capacity and diversification of product mix.

Competitive wage rate together with easily trainable workforce, entrepreneurial skill, expanding

supply side capacity, and government policy support helped to translate the comparative advantages

into competitive advantages.

The core strength of the industry low cost labor and the backward linkage. The entrepreneurs of the

sector not only increased their stitching capacity overtime but also invested in the allied industry to

augment the overall capacity of the total sector with the same pace. Over the period of time knitwear

and denim have gradually become almost self sufficient in fabric and yarn. This improvement hasbecome possible because of the integrated growth of spinning and denim fabric factories in line of the

growth of country's stitching capacity and increased need of the yarn and fabric.

www.cherryfieldsesby.com/docs/pdf/Bangladesh.pdf


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Export Control in Bangladesh

1. Introduction: Bangladesh emerged as an independent country in 1971. She entered into

International Trade actively since 1972. In the early years of independence the gap between Import and

Export was very wide. This gap started to decrease from 1980s when Bangladesh adopted liberal trade

policy consistent with the emerging trend of the market economy. Extensive reform programs have

been implemented in trade regimes during the last two decades. The prime objective of the trade policy

of Bangladesh is to strengthen the economy. For achieving this objective Bangladesh has adopted

export-based development strategy. As export sector is the main sources of hard-earned foreign

currency of Bangladesh, Government has taken all the initiatives for overall development of the sector.

2. Export Policy: For export promotion and development Bangladesh has been pursuing periodic

Export Policy from 1980. In the first half of 80s she pursued one- year export policies in the first half

of 80s and two-year policies in the last half of the same decades. Since then five- year export policies

were formulated and implemented. After the expiry of the tenure of five-year policy government

announced three year Export Policy. On going Export Policy is for the period 2003-2009. These

policies are consistent with the agreement under Uruguay Round Accord, WTO and the principles of

market economy. These are also maintaining favorable balance between exports and imports of the

country.

3. Export basket: In the export basket of Bangladesh there are primary commodities and industrial

goods. Frozen food, tea, agricultural product, raw jute, etc. are the primary product for export. On the

other-hand, readymade garments (Oven garments and knitwear), leather, jute goods, fertilizer, and

chemical products, footwear, ceramics product, engineering products, petroleum by-products and

handicrafts are the major industrial export goods. The product-wise export earnings from major exports

are shown


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Import Policy

Government is sincerely committed to fostering a gradual development of free market economy in thelight of GATT agreement. In the interest of export promotion & investment in the country it is

necessary to have a long term, stable, facultative & liberal Import Policy. With this and in view thepresent democratic government has taken steps to extend the duration of the Import Policy from twoyears to five years. Efforts have been made to make the Import Policy easier and more liberal byrelaxing or rescinding the regulatory provisions of the previous Import Policy. Provisions havealready been made to allow import of capital machinery and industrial raw materials on consignmentbasis without the cover of the Letter of Credit. Government has taken steps for quality control in theimport of cement, fertilizer etc. In order to protect the interest of the consumers. Steps are afoot toensure that in future all imported consumer items conform to a specified standard of quality. In the present Import Policy Order second hand/reconditioned machinery are importable subject tofulfillment of certain conditions. Gradually efforts will be made to classify those machinery underH.S. Code.

Export Policy

Acceleration of production and expansion of trade result in growth of national wealth. Increasedproduction in export sectors may become the prime mover in the development cycle in a denselypopulate of Bangladesh like our as this will generate employment opportunities which in turn willgenerate savings and investment on consequent flow of capital. The prime national objective of povertyalleviation will thus be materialised. As a first step towards reaching this goal we need to look at thecountry's production infrastructure.

Export trade is featured by the dominance of a few commodities in a narrow market. Such dependenceon at limited number of export items targeted a limited market is not desirable for economic

development. We must, therefore, aim both at product and market diversification or else our exporttrade will become stagnant in the near future.

Export trade must keep pace with the projected GDP growth @ 7% and make due contribution throughincreased export earning. In this exercise it is imperative to identify new thrust sectors, increased exportof higher value added items, diversify product wise , ensure products quality, improve packaging, attainefficient productivity. We should aim at marketing quality products at competitive price at the correcttime.

1.4.. The Export Policy 1997-2002 has been designed to operate in the imperatives and opportunities of


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the market economy with a view to maximizing export growth and narrowing down the gap betweenimport payment and export earning.

DENIM PRICES

Bangladesh is a major exporter of denim jeans to EU27. Being low priced and with special andindefinite duty free and quota free access under Everything but arms initiative to EU , Bangladeshcontinues to dominate the EU denim import business. Currently, it has about 19% share of the denim

jeans import market in EU27 countries.Lets have a look at the figures of imports of denim jeans from Bangladesh for the last 10 years .

Year Total Denim

Jeans (million

pcs)

Value (million

Euros)

Average Price

(Euro/pc CIF)

2000 16.46 87.92 5.34

2001 25.50 120.26 4.72

2002 32.69 144.69 4.43

2003 48.50 190.87 3.94

2004 63.71 247.52 3.88

2005 63.29 245.42 3.88

2006 85.07 341.78 4.02

2007 74.57 289.98 3.89

2008 81.94 317.23 3.87

2009 89.68 373.93 4.17
http://ec.europa.eu/trade/wider-agenda/development/generalised-system-of-preferences/everything-but-arms/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/wider-agenda/development/generalised-system-of-preferences/everything-but-arms/


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Thus we can see that the exports of denim jeans have increased by almost 400% from 2000 to 2009 .There have been some years in which the exports increased by a large % as compared to the previousyear . These years have been :

2001 : Increase 54%

2002 : Increase 28%

2003 : Increase 48%2004 : Increase 31%

2006 : Increase 34%

2009 : Increase 10%

The prices from Bangladesh have been more or less moving in a narrow range of Euro 3.8 to 4.20since 2003. Though in earlier years, the prices were much higher, but recent years have seen the pricesmove around in this range. There is no clear trend in the prices from Bangladesh if we consider thesefigures. However, would it be the similar situation if the Euro prices were converted to dollar prices . Inthe table below, we have taken the average conversion factor (from Euro to USD) for each year from2000 to 2009 and applied the factor to the average prices for that year. This gives us the average dollarprices for export of denim jeans from Bangladesh to Eu . With this table we will come to know whetherthere is really no trend for prices from Bangladesh:

Year Euro To USD

average

factor

Av Price

(Euro)

Av. Price

(USD)

2000 1.09 5.34 4.89

2001 1.12 4.72 4.21

2002 1.06 4.43 4.18


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2003 0.89 3.94 4.42

2004 0.80 3.88 4.85

2005 0.80 3.88 4.85

2006 0.80 4.02 5.02

2007 0.73 3.89 5.32

2008 0.68 3.87 5.69

2009 0.72 4.17 5.79

In the table and chart above, we can see that actually the prices from Bangladesh are quite differentthan what Euro prices show. We can see that since 2002 the average prices in Euro terms (from 2002 to2009) have declined by more than 5% whereas there is an uptrend in dollar terms and the prices haveincreased from $4.43 per piece in 2002 to $ 5.79 in 2009 actually showing an increase of about30%

Dollar being the ruling currency worldwide, gives a better picture of the prevailing price situation and itclearly reflects that the prices from Bangladesh are continuously and steadily rising over the years. Thisis despite the fact that the volumes have increased manifold during this period. The Bangaldesh denim

export industry is only expected to grow stronger in the coming times . We have seen a number ofdenim mills also come up in Bangladesh and this strengthens the supply chain making it easier forBangaldesh to go deeper into these markets.

June 3rd, 2010 by Sandeep Agarwal www.denimsandjeans.com/...denim.../denim.../bangladesh-export-of-denim-jeans-to-eu-2005-2009/


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OTHER RECOMMENDATION FOR DENIM EXPORT

World Denim MarketThe world denim market is likely to grow continously for the next few years . However, supply isgrowing at a faster pace.

World Jeans Market- 51.6$ Billion in 2007

Expected to become 56.2$ billion by 2014

Global demand growing at 5%, supply at 8%

Global Denim fabric production in 2006- 2.7 billion mtrs.

Over 50 percent of denim production is based in Asia with China, India, Turkey, Pakistan andBangladesh.

Between EU, US and China, 70% of world jeans consumption.

Estimated Share of Jeans Purchase By RegionNorth America : 39%Western Europe : 20%

Japan & Korea : 10%

Rest of the world : 31%

No. Of Denim Mills Worldwide

Region No. Of Denim Mills

Asia(China) 297

Asia(Other countries) 104

North America 9

Europe 41

Latin America 46

Africa 15

Australia 1

Total Denim Mills (World) 513

Forecasts For Denim Market 2010In volume terms:

The developed world will not grow at all, remaining at 1240 million units of jeans.

The rest of the world will grow by 13 per cent to 783 million units.

In total this means that world volume growth will be 4.8 per cent, delivering 2024 million units.


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In Value terms:

Value growth is effectively zero. In the short term the world market will grow by 1.5 percent involume and will fall by 3 per cent in value in long term. This is because of :continuingdownwards price pressure from retailers in USA and Europe, elimination of tariff and quotabarriers to low cost imports from the developing world Overcapacity Global installed capacity

of denim.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denim

ezinearticles.com/?Textile-Industry-in-India&id=373841

business.mapsofindia.com India Industry

www.denimsandjeans.com/...denim.../denim.../world-denim-market-a-

report-on-capacitiesmarket-size-forecasts-etc/

ezinearticles.com/?India-Among-Top-Jeanswear-Marke

www.fabrics-manufacturers.com http://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification /hs-code-textile-articles.html

www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/newsdetails - July 26, 2010(India)

Published on: June 29, 2010 at 19:10 www.commodityonline.com

www.unescap.org/tid/publication/tipub2500_pt2chap1.pdf

www.cherryfieldsesby.com/docs/pdf/Bangladesh.pdf

June 3rd, 2010 by Sandeep Agarwalwww.denimsandjeans.com/...denim.../denim.../bangladesh-export-of-denim-jeans-to-eu-2005-2009/
http://www.google.co.in/url?url=http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-industry/&rct=j&sa=X&ei=rdpmTKW-Go-kvgPDooX-Aw&ved=0CCIQ6QUoAA&q=+++++++++++++TEXTILE+INDUSTRY+ANALYSIS+IN+INDIA&usg=AFQjCNGG_vL_9CN9cli7EXvmc-oTplq7DAhttp://www.google.co.in/url?url=http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-industry/&rct=j&sa=X&ei=rdpmTKW-Go-kvgPDooX-Aw&ved=0CCIQ6QUoAA&q=+++++++++++++TEXTILE+INDUSTRY+ANALYSIS+IN+INDIA&usg=AFQjCNGG_vL_9CN9cli7EXvmc-oTplq7DAhttp://www.denimsandjeans.com/...denim.../denim.../world-denim-market-a-report-on-capacitiesmarket-size-forecasts-etc/http://www.denimsandjeans.com/...denim.../denim.../world-denim-market-a-report-on-capacitiesmarket-size-forecasts-etc/http://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/newsdetailshttp://www.commodityonline.com/http://www.commodityonline.com/http://www.unescap.org/tid/publication/tipub2500_pt2chap1.pdfhttp://www.unescap.org/tid/publication/tipub2500_pt2chap1.pdfhttp://www.cherryfieldsesby.com/docs/pdf/Bangladesh.pdfhttp://www.cherryfieldsesby.com/docs/pdf/Bangladesh.pdfhttp://www.google.co.in/url?url=http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-industry/&rct=j&sa=X&ei=rdpmTKW-Go-kvgPDooX-Aw&ved=0CCIQ6QUoAA&q=+++++++++++++TEXTILE+INDUSTRY+ANALYSIS+IN+INDIA&usg=AFQjCNGG_vL_9CN9cli7EXvmc-oTplq7DAhttp://www.denimsandjeans.com/...denim.../denim.../world-denim-market-a-report-on-capacitiesmarket-size-forecasts-etc/http://www.denimsandjeans.com/...denim.../denim.../world-denim-market-a-report-on-capacitiesmarket-size-forecasts-etc/http://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://exim.indiamart.com/product-classification/hs-code-textile-articles.htmlhttp://www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/newsdetailshttp://www.commodityonline.com/http://www.unescap.org/tid/publication/tipub2500_pt2chap1.pdfhttp://www.cherryfieldsesby.com/docs/pdf/Bangladesh.pdf

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