1

Dr.ir. Jan de Wilt

Fachtagung Aktiver Klimaschutz und Anpassung an den Klimawandel Braunschweig, 15th June 2009

New concepts for agriculture in relation to climate change

2

Content

1. InnovationNetwork2. Effects of climate change on

agriculture in The Netherlands3. Reduction of greenhouse gas

emissions from agriculture in NL4. Conclusions

3

InnovationNetwork

• Develops and implements groundbreaking innovations for agriculture and rural areas

• Funded by Ministry of Agriculture• Budget € 4.5 million per year

• Evaluation every 5 years

4

2. Effects of climate change in

The Netherlands

5 6

Salination of the soil due to sea level rise over next 100 years

2

7

Saline agriculture

Zeekraal Lamsoor

8

The Netherlands: a river delta

9

More heavy rains and floods

Flooding of the river Maas in 199510

Making a flooding area for the river

Overdiepse Polder:730 ha flooding area, 0,3 m lower water level in river

11

Dry summers

12

Peatland areas …Watermanagement �• Oxidation of peat• CO2 emission

3

13

…changes to wetlands with nature, recreation and extensive farming

14

Climate change and ecosystem

• Longer growing season• Mismatches in breeding and flowering• More exotic plants and animals

15

3. Reduction of

greenhouse gas emissions

16

Goals of Dutch government

• 30% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in 2020 compared to 1990

• Increase in sustainable energy from 2% in 2008 to 20% in 2020

• Doubling of energy saving from 1% to 2% per year

• 25-30 % less emissions of CH4 and N20

17

Emissions of greenhouse gases in Dutch agriculture

18

Main sources of greenhouse gases in agriculture

• CO2: energy use (greenhouses)• N2O: fertilizer, manure storage• CH4: dairy cows, manure storage

4

19

Energy from biogas

Drinking water

Waste treatment

Cooling andheating

Greenhouse as energy source

20

Local energy webs

21

Earth heat for greenhouses

~ 2,5 km90 C 60 C

22

(Co-)digestion

Upcycling waste into: • Biogas• Electricity• Heat• CO2• Biofertilizer• Water

23 24

Clustering of different agricultural sectors with non-agricultural sectorsand re-/upcycling of waste streams

� Industrial ecology

Agropark

5

25

Agropark in development

Arable farming

Pigs

Greenhouses Fish

AlgaeDigester26

Agriculture in industrial estate

27

Carbon capture and sequestration

28

Biochar

Charcoal created by pyrolysis of biomass

• Energy from biomass• CO2 sequestration in the soil• Positive agronomic and environmental

effects

29

Organic Carbon dioxide for Assimilation of Plants (OCAP)

Shell provides CO2 for greenhouses

30

Biology of algae

• 6CO2+12H2O � C6H12O6+6O2+6H2O• Light• Primairy nutrients (N, P, K)• Heat• Salt and sweet water

6

31

Powerplants and algae

NREL, 2007

32

Windpark

33

Bio-offshore park

34

Ecopyramid: optimal use of biomass

35

Bioport: example Terneuzen

Starch and steam from Cargill go to Nedalco36

Climate change: Policy instruments in The Netherlands

• Economic instruments (subsidies, taxprofits, levies)

• Legislation / agreements• Knowledge development• CO2 emission trade

7

37

Conclusions

• Impact of climate change on Dutch agriculture is significant

• Ambitious goals to reduce greenhouse gases

• Technical solutions are promising• Policy instruments not yet in place

38

Thank you for your attention

j.g.de.wilt@innonet.agro.nlwww.innovatienetwerk.org