New College English (Book One, Second Edition)

Unit 5 Animal World

Contents

Preparation1

Structure & Text

2

Exercises

3

Assignments

4

5

Words & Phrases2

PREPARATION

Animal Words Animal Idioms

Animal words

Please list out animal words as

many as possible.

Animal words

lion leopard panda tiger wolf zebra

bull cow calf buffalo goat sheep

lamb bear camel deer elephant fox

giraffe horse pig dog monkey bat

cat kangaroo hedgehog squirrel rabbit

rat cock hen chick duck duckling goose

Animal words

dolphin whale seal jellyfish shrimp

crab lobster starfish sea horse tortoise turtle crocodile

hippopotamus snail frog snake worm spider

ant bee butterfly dragonfly cricket

fly roach flea grasshopper mosquito beetle silkworm

Animal words

eagle owl peacock phoenix crow

dove ostrich parrot swallow sparrow

swan crane penguin turkey

lizard badger toad mole

dinosaur

Fill in the blanks with the following animals: “ pig, owl, fish, mouse, bird, mule”.

1. He’s a big drinker. He drinks like a(n) ________.

2. What a messy eater! He eats like a(n) _______.

3. She never says a word. She’s as quiet as a(n) _______.

4. He’ll never change his mind. He’s as stubborn as a(n) _________.

5. He always gives good advice. He’s as wise as a(n) _______.

6. She hardly eats at all. She eats like a(n) ____.

fishpig

mouse

mule

owlbird

Watch the video and learn some idioms.

Watch the video and learn some idioms.

Idioms

You’re a lucky dog.

你是个幸运儿 You are dog tired.

你工作很累 You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.

墨守成规的人接受新事物是很难的 Bats in the belfry.

很疯狂 Blind as a bat.

视力不好，看不清楚东西。

Video

Rat on someone.

讲某人坏话。 I smell a rat.

有不详的预感。 Poor as a church mouse.

一贫如洗 A mousy person.

一个不重要的人 Don’t be a pig. Don’t pig out.

不要贪吃。

Video

Strong as an ox. 体壮如牛 Don’t chicken out. 别害怕。 You’re free as a bird/eagle. 自由自在 Eat like a bird. 吃得很少 Wise as an owl. 很聪明

Video

Stop monkeying around.

别闹了。 As fun as a barrel of monkeys.

某事很好笑 You’re bullish.

你很棒 Happy as a clam.

哈哈大笑 .

Words & Phrases

1. have in common (Line 3, Para. 1) 共有

The operating systems of these two computers

_____________________.

这两台电脑的操作系统没有共同之处 （是完全不一样的）。

The writing style of Jin Yong and Qiong Yao

_________________.

金庸和琼瑶的写作风格大不相同。

have nothing in common

has little in common

2. make up for (Line 7, Para. 2) 弥补，补偿

We should try our best to make up for the lost time.

For David Beckham, nothing can make up for missing the penalty in the quarterfinal against Portugal in Euro 2004.

对贝克汉姆来说，那个在 2004 年欧锦赛上对葡萄牙队的四分之一决赛中罚失的点球是任何东西都无法弥补的。

我们应该尽全力弥补失去的时间。

3. defense (Line 8, Para. 2)n. 1) defending from attack; fighting against attack

防御；防卫；保卫

The hero of that martial art movie

___________________________.

那部武打片中的男主角只带着一把匕首防身。

Countless martyrs gave their lives __________________.

无数的烈士为保卫自由而献身。

only carried a dagger for defense

in defense of freedom

You should at least prepare yourself with a defense against the cold.

More coastal defenses should be built up before the winter.

2) something used for defending or protecting

你至少应该为自己准备一件御寒的衣物。

在冬季到来之前应该建好更多的海防工事。

防御物；防御能力；防御工事

3. defense (Line 8, Para. 2)

4. cooperate (Line 8, Para. 2)

vi. work together with someone to get something done 合作

Nokia, the world’s largest cellphone maker,

_______________________ some video game developers

to produce video game-capable mobile phone.

世界最大的手机生产商诺基亚已经开始与一些电子游戏开发商合作生产可以玩游戏的手机。

has already cooperated with

5. aspect (Line 9, Para. 2)n. 1) a feature, part of something 方面，部分

We should consider a problem in all its aspects.

我们应该全面地考虑问题。

Economic affairs have got political and psychological aspects to them.

经济事物具有了政治的及心理方面的因素。

他父亲是一个外表严肃的人。

2) look or appearance (of a person or thing) 外貌；外观；容貌

His father is a man with a serious aspect.

这座村庄呈现出全新的面貌。

This village takes on an entirely new aspect.

5. aspect (Line 9, Para. 2)

6. remove (Line 23, Para. 3)

vt. & vi. 1) take off or away from the place occupied; take to another place

He decided to remove his family to the seashore.

将军决定把部队调往前线。

他决定把家搬到海边。

The general was determined to remove the troops to the front.

自原来位置拿开；取去；移动

He is in bad temper because he

_____________________ yesterday.

他脾气不好是因为他昨天被撤职了。

He _____________________ because of his cheating in an exam.

因为在一次考试中作弊，他被学校开除了。

2) dismiss 把 ······ 免职；撤去

was removed from office

was removed from school

6. remove (Line 23, Para. 3)

Police have ______________ but are still holding several people for questioning.

警方已经排除了谋杀的可能，但还是留下了几个人盘问。

7. rule out (Line 35, Para. 5)

ruled out murder

把 ······排除在外；排除 ······的可能性

恐怕我们不能排除您正在找的人已经被恐怖分子绑架的可能性。

I’m afraid we can’t ___________________ that the man you are seeking might have been kidnapped by terrorists.

rule out the possibility

7. rule out (Line 35, Para. 5)

把 ······ 排除在外；排除 ······ 的可能性

8. feature (Line 37, Para. 5) n. an important aspect of something 特点

characteristic and feature

characteristic “ 特点”，“特征”，指 character （性格）中的特质。一个人可以有许多 characteristics ，但作为性格只有一个 character 。

feature 多用于说明地理、气候、风景的特点。

e.g. The main features of Dalian city are the mild climate and beautiful scenery.

大连市的主要特点是温和的气候与美丽的风景。

词义辨析词义辨析

请用 characteristic 或 feature 的适当形式填空。

Heavy rains and strong wind are ________ of the

weather in some southern cities.

Although she has lived in Japan for three years, she

knows very little of the essential _____________ of

Japanese life.

features

characteristic

n. 1) an established tradition, a habit, a custom 制度，习俗

Giving presents at Christmas is an institution.

圣诞节时赠送礼物是一种习俗。

9. institution (Line 51, Para. 6)

The institution of marriage has existed for centuries.

婚姻制度已经存在了好几个世纪了。

2) （医院、学校等）社会公共机构

He planned to ____________________ for the severely handicapped.

他计划建立一个为严重残疾者服务的机构。

establish an institution

9. institution (Line 51, Para. 6)

比较： institute 学会，协会；学院， （大学）学校；（研究）所，院

He is a member of the __________________.

他是建筑师学会的会员。Institute of Architects

That famous TV hostess graduated from that __________________________. institute of foreign languages

那位著名的电视节目女主持人毕业于那所外语学院。

A flower is beautiful but beauty itself is abstract.

花是美的，但美的本身是抽象的。

10. abstract (Line 53, Para. 6)

adj. 抽象的 ( 反义词： concrete 具体的 )

Could you __________________ the Chinese

version of Bill Clinton’s memoir “My Life”?

您能为克林顿的回忆录《我的生活》的中文译本写一篇摘要吗？

n. （文章、书籍、演说等的）摘要

make an abstract of

10. abstract (Line 53, Para. 6)

They are abstracting metal from ore.

他们正在从矿石中提取金属。

vt. take out; separate 提炼出；取出 10. abstract (Line 53, Para. 6)

Text Structure

Exercise 1 on page 149.

Para. 1 -2

Para. 3

Para. 4

Para. 5

Para. 6

What we mean by culture.

Animals cannot only use tools but also make tools.

Animals can learn and share behavior.

Animals can communicate with some forms of languages.

There are limits to animal culture.

Presenting the questions: (Para.1)

1) Do animals have a culture as we human beings do?

2) What is culture?

Answering the questions: (Para.2~5)

There are limits to the culture of animals. (Para.6)

Our Culture 1) We use tools, cooperate with one another, and

communicate with language. 2) We have the ability to use tools.

3) We can learn and teach our culture.

4) We have language.

Animals’ Culture

1) These aspects can also be found in animals.

2) So do chimpanzees.

3) Animals can do the same things and there is a “cultural” difference among animals.

4) Animals can learn sign language.

1. It is the patterns of behavior that help people to live together. ( Line 4)

It is … that (who) …

在此句型中， that 前强调的往往是事或物。 如果强调的是人，也可用 who ，也可不用。

It was not until 1970 _______ the red card and yellow card in football match was practiced.

A. then B. which C. that D. when

________ in this room that our first meeting was held.

A. Just when B. When C. Where D. It was

C

D

行为模式促使人们生活在一起。

1. It is the patterns of behavior that help people to live together. ( Line 4)

2. This is not the case. （ Line 17 ）

此句型需有上下文 , 表示“情况并非如此”。

类似的说法还有：

Things are different here. / This is not true.

You may do what you want in your country, but this is not the case here.

在你们国家你想干什么就干什么，但是在这不一样。

人们认为学英语就是尽可能多地背单词，其实情况并非如此。

People think that learning English is just to recite English words as many as possible, but in fact, this is not the case.

As far as we know, … 据 我 们 所 知 , ······As far as I am concerned, … 就我而言 , ······

3. As far as we know, no ape has formed social institutions, such as religion or law. (Line 50)

We will help you as far as we can.

我们会尽力帮助你们的。

就我而言，我支持警察们为改善他们的服务所做的努力。

As far as I am concerned I will support the police in their attempts to improve the service they provide.

据我们所知，猿猴从未建立过任何诸如宗教或法律等的社会制度。

3. As far as we know, no ape has formed social institutions, such as religion or law. (Line 50)

EXERCISES

Oral PracticeOral PracticeTranslationTranslationWriting PracticeWriting Practice

Oral PracticeOral Practice

Directions: Learn the following words and expressions

first. And then work in groups to describe a animal

you are familiar with. Each group should form a

paragraph and read it loudly before the whole class.

Let’s learn some words

mammal reptile vertebrate

amphibian

tusk hoof fur tail beak

claw

horn shell spot stripe

wing

hind leg lead leg scale

feeler

trunk sting

bite crawl soar roam

leap hibernate

climb trees take a nap

pull plows and carts

carry heavy load

perform heavy work

Let’s learn some words

grass nut leave flower meat

in the cave in the forest

in the jungles in the mountains

on the land in the ocean

on the plain in the desert

in the marshes

Let’s learn some words

bark purr

howl roar

alert dynamic

powerful

TranslationTranslation

Part OneRead the following sentences and

translate it into Chinese.

Part TwoTranslate the sentences on page 153

into English, using the words and

expressions given.

Part One

1. When we speak of culture, we mean a way

of life a group of people have in common.

2. It is also the patterns of behavior that

make one group different from

another group.

Part One

3. We used to think that the ability to use tools

was the dividing line between human beings

and other animals.

4. For some time we thought that although

human beings learned their culture, animals

could not be taught

such behavior.

Part One

5. Now almost all the monkeys who have not

come into contact with this group do not.

6. We have ruled out tool use and invention as

way of telling animal behavior from human

behavior.

Part One

7. Attempts to teacher apes to speak have

failed.

8. This has allowed two-way talk. It permits

more than one-way command and

response.

Part One

9. As far as we know, no ape has formed

social institutions such as religion or law.

10. Perhaps the most important thing is that

the line dividing us from them

is not as clear as we used to think.

1. I used to go to the cinema/movies a lot, but I

never have the time now.

2. The two workers cooperated with each other to

fix the broken pipe.

3. This is a cruel practice which should be

stopped immediately.

Part Two

4. What aspect of your job/work is the most difficult, and what aspect is the most rewarding?

5. Some people think he is rude, but that’s not the case.

6. I’ll help us as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.

Part Two

Writing Exercises

Forming sensible sentences

Directions:

Put the following words in their correct order

to make sensible sentences.

Forming sensible sentences

1) stayed up, exam, Bill, the, on the eve of, final,

late

Bill stayed up late on the eve of the final exam.

2) have, like, in place, I, everything, to

I like to have everything in place.

3) is, artist, her, or something, a, father, well-

known

Her father is a well-known artist or something.

Forming sensible sentences

4) stand, but, wronged, I, anything, can, being

I can stand anything but being wronged.

5) went, all, for, her friends, to, her, misfortune,

her, comfort

All her friends went to comfort her for her

misfortune.

Forming sensible Paragraph

Directions:

Put the following sentences in their correct

order to make a sensible paragraph.

1. Children usually get Christmas presents from their

parents.

2. Christmas is the major festival in western countries.

3. On Christmas eve people hold parties, listen to music,

and wait for the sound of Christmas bell.

4. Before Christmas people send Christmas cards to their

relatives and friends with the message: “ A Merry

Christmas and a Happy New Year”

5. It’s celebrated on December 25, the birthday of Christ.

The right order is: 2--5--4--1--3

Error Correction.

Directions:

Identify the mistake in each of the

following sentences and correct it, and

then copy the right sentence down.

Error Correction.

1. A large amount of people were invited to his birthday party.

A large number of people were invited to his birthday party.

2. The teachers in this school were very prided of the achievements of their students.

The teachers in this school were very proud of the achievements of their students

Error Correction.

3. He’d better take good use of his time if he wants to pass the exam.

He'd better make good use of his time if he wants to pass the exam.

4. He is looking forward to meet her. He is looking forward to meeting her.5. They think it for granted that they will win the

game. They take it for granted that they will win the

game.

Describing the Picture.

Directions:

Describe the picture. You may find the

following ideas and expressions

useful.

on the beach listen to the radio

hear sb. crying for help jump up look out toward waving

his hands in the air take offjump into hold swim toward the drowning boy head stay above watertake him to the shore

Sample writing

One day when John was lying on the beach and listening to

the radio, he suddenly heard someone crying for help. He

jumped up quickly, looked out toward the sea and saw a little

boy waving his hands in the air. He took off his clothes and

jumped into the water. He swam to the boy. He held him so

that his head could stay above water and then took him to the

shore.

ASSIGNMENTS

I. Read the passage “ Ready for Danger” and

answer the following questions.

1. Why animals are so different?

2. When climate and vegetation change, what kind

of animals will die out ?

3. Can you list three necessities that a species need

to survive?

4. Why does the fish can survive?

5. Can you explain what is “protective coloring”

6. In Australasia, turtles are going to die out. Do

you know the reason?

II. Finish the rest of the exercises.

III. Writing. Write an article entitles “ The animal I like Best” in no less than 120 words. You should follow the outline given.

1. 我最喜欢的动物是… ..

2. 描述这种动物。 3. 我喜欢这种动物的原因是…