Section 3 pages 46-53 New Centers of

CivilizationsBig Idea: The Israelites’ belief in one

God resulted in a distinct society.

Pastoral NomadsSometimes overran settled communities and created their own empires.Domesticated animals (food /clothing.)Viewed as hostile and barbaric.Traded animal products for grain and vegetables

Pastoral nomads continued Indo-Europeans spawned many other languagesThey spread civilization and developed world religions.Hittites-1st to use iron/ eventually empire collapsedCity-states gain power

Phoenicians IsraelitesAssyriansPersians

Phoenicians Lived and prospered on the Mediterranean coast.Trade was basis of their prosperityCarthage-most important overseas colony.Contributions:

Alphabet-22 letters, became Modern ABC’s.Sea traders and ship builders ( Bireme ships)Purple dye-from shellfish = color of royalty.

Phoenician AlphabetPhoenician Alphabet

IsraelitesReligion – Judaism

Monotheistic-one god, Yahweh- Present everywhere

History and religion combined in Hebrew Mosaic law- Torah (1st five books of old testament).

10 commandments-laws that Moses taught, rules of conduct.A new “covenant”

agreement with Yahweh

United Kingdom of Israel(1010 BC-970 BC)

King David-controlled IsraelCapital-JerusalemKing Salomon-expanded

government and army and encouraged trade. Reached its height during his reign.

Divided KingdomKingdom of Israel-created

by 10 northern tribes, capital-Samaria. Assyrians overrun them and scatter them throughout empire.

Kingdom of Judah-created by 2 tribes, capital-Jerusalem. Chaldeans conquer and captives are sent to Babylonia. Eventually known as Jews. Jerusalem was destroyed.

Section 3 ReviewThe Jews believed that God made a

contract with them called a what?CovenantBuilder of an important temple in JerusalemKing SolomonMigrating groups who domesticated

animals for food and clothing?Pastoral nomadsBelief in one godmonotheism

Section 3 ReviewAccording to Jewish belief, there is only

one God called what?YahwehSmall kingdoms and city-states in western

Asia emerged when this kingdom ended and Egypt weakened.

HittiteA distinct group, organized in tribes, who

established a united kingdom.Israelites

Section 3 ReviewTraders who lived in a narrow strip of

land along the Mediterranean coastPhoeniciansThe Hittite Empire was destroyed by who?The “Sea Peoples”Religious teachers whose words became a

source of ideals for social justiceprophets