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Board of Directors Gordon Wilson, New Mexico, Chairman Cecil F. Antone, Arizona Carol Condie, New Mexico Janet Creighton, Washington Jerry Golden, Colorado, Treasurer W. James Judge, Colorado Jay T. Last, California Bill Lipe, Washington Leslie Masson, Massachusetts Mark Michel, New Mexico, (ex officio) Dorinda Oliver, New York Rosamond Stanton, Montana Officers Mark Michel, President James B. Walker, Senior Vice-President and Secretary Paul Gardner, Vice-President Tione Joseph, Chief Financial Officer Conservancy Staff Mark Michel, President and CEO Tione Joseph, Business Manager Lorna Wolf, Membership Director Sarah Shuler, Special Projects Director

Regional Offices and Directors Jim Walker, Southwest Regional Director 1717 Girard Blvd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87106 (505) 266-1540 Paul Gardner, Midwest Regional Director 3620 North High Street, Suite 307 Columbus, OH 43214 (614) 267-1100 Andy Stout, Eastern Regional Director 8 East 2nd Street, Suite 101 Frederick, MD 21701 (301) 682-6359 Jessica Crawford, Southeast Regional Director 315 Locust Street P.O. Box 270 Marks, MS 38646 (662) 326-6465 Cory Wilkins, Western Regional Director 620 3rd Street, Suite 300 Lincoln, CA 95648 (530) 592-9797 American Archaeology Magazine Michael Bawaya, Editor Tamara Stewart, Assistant Editor Vicki Marie Singer, Art Director

1717 Girard Blvd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87106

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December 31, 2013 Letter from the President Since 1980, The Archaeological Conservancy has acquired more than 465 endangered archaeological sites across the country. 2013 was a great year for the Conservancy, as we continued our mission to preserve significant sites across the United States. This year, the Conservancy continued our commitment to educating the public about the importance of archaeological sites. The preserves we protect are available to the public for guided tours, to descendants of the American Indians who once inhabited the sites, and to archaeologists and other qualified researchers for study. In addition to this, we host lectures around the country for our members and the general public. Major funding for the Conservancy comes from our members, as well as from corporations, foundations, and special individual contributions. Income from our permanent Endowment Fund supplements regular fundraising. Often we raise money locally to purchase sites in a particular community. In emergency situations, we borrow from our revolving Preservation Fund. The Conservancy’s quarterly magazine, American Archaeology, is the only popular magazine devoted to presenting the rich diversity of archaeology in the Americas. The magazine helps readers appreciate and understand the archaeological wonders available to them, and to raise awareness of the destruction of our cultural heritage. The ancient people of North America left virtually no written records of their cultures. Clues that might someday solve the mysteries of prehistoric America are still missing, and when a ruin is destroyed by looters, or leveled for a shopping center, precious information is lost. By permanently preserving endangered ruins, we are ensuring they will be here for future generations to study and enjoy. Our organization recently moved into a new office space in 2013. We look forward to making 2014 the best yet in our new national headquarters.

Sincerely,

Mark Michel

President

1717 Girard Blvd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87106

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2013 ACQUISITIONS Since its beginning in 1980, the Conservancy has acquired more than 465 endangered sites in 44 states across America. These preserves range in size from less than an acre to more than 1,500 acres. They include the earliest habitation sites in North America, a 19th-century frontier army post, and nearly every major cultural period in between. In 2013, the Conservancy rescued the following endangered sites:

Carter Ranch (Arizona) Carter Ranch Pueblo is located east of Snowflake, Arizona, along the Hay Hollow Wash. It is related to both

the Chaco and Mogollon cultures. The site was occupied between A.D. 1050 and 1250. These dates, which are based on 19 tree-ring samples and the analysis of ceramic styles, indicate that Carter Ranch had one of the longest spans of

construction and occupation in the Mogollon region. The site also has the most complex structure of any of the excavated great kiva sites in the Mogollon region. CA-KIN-4 (California) The Conservancy acquired a 1.33- acre prehistoric habitation mound and burial area located in the San Joaquin Valley in the town of Hanford, California. The site, known by the archaeological designation CA-KIN-4, was initially recorded in 1939 by archaeologists Gordon W. Hewes and William C. Massey, who noted obsidian and chert fragments, an abalone pendant, and fragments of human remains. In late 2012, while an orchard of almond and pistachio trees was being planted, more human remains were discovered. This discovery stopped the tree planting while the tribe surveyed the area. They also found obsidian and chert flakes, several biface fragments, an olivella shell bead, fire-cracked rock, and a bowl mortar fragment. Prehistoric habitation mounds, which were once common in this part of California, are now rare. Donald Souza, who owns the land the site sits on, hired archaeologist Alex DeGeorgey of Alta Archaeological Consulting to conduct an intensive surface survey to further establish the nature, extent, and condition of the site. Though CA-KIN-4 has been disturbed by decades of agricultural activities that have altered the size and height of the mound, DeGeorgey wrote in a report on his findings that “it is highly likely that significant intact deposits are still present within the mound area.” The age of the site is unknown. After surveying the site, DeGeorgey referred Souza to the Conservancy in order to preserve the mound. Cary Ranch (California) The Cary Ranch is located near Anza, California. The property contains a mix of flat agricultural land and rocky, hilly terrain and straddles the head of Coyote Canyon, one of three natural passageways through the peninsular mountains separating the southern inland deserts and the California coastal plain. The Cary Ranch contains archaeological features and remnants attributed to the prehistoric habitation of the Mountain Cahuilla Indians,

travels of Spanish explorer Juan Batistita de Anza, and historic homesteading of Fred Clark. Portuguese Bench (California) On the southwestern edge of the Great Basin, lies the Portuguese Bench site. The site is nestled between the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the west and the Coso Range to the east. The site was excavated from 1983-1986 by the UCLA Archaeological Field School. According to Dr. David Whitley of ASM Affiliates, the site was a major village settlement for the Koso Shoshone that dates to 3,000 years ago but with more concentrated occupation during the Haiwee Period (1,350-600 BP). Along with midden deposits and house pits, the site contains Coso style rock art. Whitley indicated that this is the only village site directly associated with Coso rock art that has been excavated.

Backusburg Mounds (Kentucky) The Conservancy purchased Backusburg Mounds, one of the most intriguing sites in Western Kentucky. A complex of at least eight mounds situated on the bluff overlooking

Clark’s River, Backusburg has been known to professional archaeologists since the 1920s. In their seminal 1932 work, Archaeological Survey of Kentucky, William Funkhouser and William S. Webb described the mounds and a floodplain

site below it as “probably the most important prehistoric sites in the [western Kentucky] region.” In spite of Backusburg Mounds’ obvious significance, professional archaeologists have been able to work there for only a single day of mapping and surface collecting. That work, conducted in 1981 by Murray State University (MSU) archaeologist Kenneth Carstens and his students, established the spatial dimensions of the site and clarified its placement in the regional cultural history.

Sopris Archaic Site (Colorado) Colorado’s Pitkin County Open Space and Trails Department and the Conservancy have agreed to jointly hold an easement to preserve the Sopris site, a very unusual high altitude site near the town of Basalt. Situated at an elevation of over 7,800 feet, Sopris was identified and documented by Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, a cultural resource management firm, and the Colorado Office of the State Archaeologist. The site could be more than 5,000 years old, and it was apparently occupied from the

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Middle Archaic to the Late Prehistoric periods. Of the 187 prehistoric sites recorded in Pitkin County, only nine date to the Archaic period. Sopris’ age is based on the styles of projectile points and other lithic artifacts that were found there. Some of these items, which were not made from local stones, could have been procured from sources hundreds of miles away. These artifacts suggest a long occupation or multiple episodes of seasonal occupations over thousands of years.

Windover Site (Florida) Around 8,000 years ago near the east coast of central Florida, a group of Archaic people lived by a small pond. Eventually they died, and their remains were buried in the pond. Their existence was unknown until, in the early 1980s, a backhoe operator preparing the land for the construction of a subdivision, scooped up a human skull. The discovery of the skull and other human remains initially resulted in the suspicion of a recent mass murder, but county medical examiners determined that the human remains were very old, and consequently they contacted the anthropology department at Florida State University. Under the direction of Florida State archaeologist Glen Doran, the excavation of the one-half acre pond, now known as the Windover site, was soon underway, and over the next several years discoveries were made that informed archaeologists about Florida’s ancient people. The shallow pond turned out to be an ancient burial site for these early people and the peat sediments and water chemistry was such that it preserved both human remains and grave goods.

Singer-Hieronymus Site Complex (Kentucky) North Elkhorn Creek snakes through the gently rolling hills of blue grass just north of Lexington, Kentucky. Small towns and large farms with long stone walls characterize this beautiful area, which also includes the remains of large Fort Ancient villages just below the surface. In 1997, archaeologists Gwynn Henderson and David Pollack, now of the University of Kentucky, documented the layout of Singer Village, a Fort Ancient site that archaeologists had known of for some time. They discovered that it consisted of two circular villages of different sizes and ages. The larger of the two continued onto the neighboring farm owned by the Hieronymus family. Two years later, they investigated the farm. They documented the portion of the Singer Village that continued onto the Hieronymus farm, but discovered that there were two more villages that had never been

professionally documented. They named this complex of circular villages the Singer-Hieronymus Site Complex. This complex, which dates from A.D.

1200-1550, is unusual because it is comprised of four villages aligned along a broad ridge overlooking North Elkhorn Creek. Like other Fort Ancient villages, the

inhabitants of Singer-Hieronymus mainly relied on corn, beans, and squash agriculture and hunting. Thousands of artifacts were recovered from the Singer and Hieronymus villages including debitage, ceramics, and chipped stone tools. These villages consist of concentric rings of middens, residences, and burials around a central plaza. East Saint Louis Mound Group (Illinois) The East Saint Louis Mound Group was a prominent grouping of about three dozen mounds arranged in a crescent between the Cahokia ceremonial center and the Mississippi River. It seems to have been contemporaneous with Cahokia, and presumably was closely aligned with it, if not actually part of the same polity. The Conservancy has purchased several lots to expand this significant preserve in the southern portion of the site.

Cayadutta (New York) The Cayadutta site is a large, isolated 16th-century Mohawk village located in the southern foothills of the

Adirondack Mountains in Johnstown, a city in east-central New York. Its position on a hilltop adjacent to Cayadutta Creek provided its inhabitants with a resource-rich location that was naturally defendable. The site was discovered in 1892, and since then it has been studied by archaeologists and raided by collectors. Over 2,000 artifacts from the site can be found in a number of public and private collections. Despite being disturbed by

collectors, Cayadutta has many intact features and an impressive artifact assemblage. The site was investigated by members of the New York State Archaeological Association, and later by Harrison Follette for the Rochester Museum and avocational archaeologist Vincent Shaefer. These early investigations explored middens on the site’s terraces and uncovered 47 postholes, some of which still contained original pieces of the wooden posts that formed part of a defensive palisade. Most recently, in 1988-89, the site was studied by Pennsylvania State University archaeologist Dean Snow as part of his Mohawk Valley Project.

Scotch Hall (North Carolina) Separated from the Atlantic Ocean by North Carolina’s Outer Banks, the Albermarle Sound is a large estuary at the

confluence of a group of creeks and rivers, the largest of which are the Chowan and Roanoke. In addition to its scenic beauty, the abundant wildlife and natural resources of the sound have made it a great place to live for thousands of years.

Evidence of this is the Scotch Hall archaeological site, an

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intact Early-to- Middle Woodland settlement located along the edge of a bluff within the confines of the Scotch Hall Preserve, a 900-acre residential and golf community in Windsor, North Carolina.

Foxwood Farms (South Carolina) Foxwood Farms, which sits in the shadow of the Blue Ridge Mountains in northwest South Carolina, is a premier facility for hunter jumper horse training, as well as horse showing, breeding, and sales, that’s owned and managed by Michael and Jodi Robertson. In one of the fenced paddocks, looking a little out of place, is a metal carport. Beneath the carport are several very deep excavation units, which are part of the investigation of the site. Several years ago, while pulling up a tree stump, Michael’s brother, Jesse, found a piece of 4,500-year-old fiber-tempered pottery. The discovery, which is unusual for this area, led to the investigation by Terry Ferguson, an archaeologist at nearby Wofford College. Ferguson is leading a team of archaeologists with the South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology in Columbia, as well as scores of volunteers, who are excavating the site.

Adelbert Smith (Utah) The 250-acre parcel of land located on the western shore of Utah Lake was donated by the Smith family in 2013. In addition to Conservancy employees, the site has been surveyed by two prominent archaeologists, Lane Richens from Brigham Young University, and rock art specialist Charmaine Thompson. The property contains several types of archaeological features including several petroglyphs that may be as old as 8,000 years, one stone circle, three rock cairns, and one low-lying rock wall. A distinguishing characteristic is a large depression located between the two buttes adjacent to the Paleo shoreline of the lake. This feature is surrounded by a small lithic scatter immediately adjacent to the stone circle. Importantly, very few lithic materials were observed anywhere else on the property.

Paragonah Mounds (Utah) Through a fortuitous collaboration of agencies and organizations, the Conservancy has acquired Paragonah Mounds, a Fremont village in Utah’s Parowan Valley. Although, according to historical documents, the site had more than 400 mounds covering close to a square mile in the late 1800s, the largest remaining intact portion is a 12-acre site containing 28 mounds. Nonetheless, the site, which dates between A.D. 700 and 1300, is still one of the largest Fremont villages known in the state. While farming and residential development have destroyed much of the enormous site over the years, what remains is well preserved. The site’s acquisition is a remarkable story of collaboration that began with the unfortunate 2008

disturbance of a site dating from the Archaic through Fremont periods by the Utah Transit Authority (UTA) during the construction of a light rail line in Draper, Utah. Consequently, the Army Corps of Engineers, the permitting agency for the project, issued a notice of non-compliance and a stop work order to the UTA, penalizing them with a substantial fine. A portion of the fine was allocated for the acquisition of another significant archaeological site in Utah to “replace” the one that was damaged. The UTA contacted the Conservancy for assistance in the identification of an appropriate site that could be established as a permanent archaeological preserve. Paul-Bauman Pueblo (Utah) This 9.47 acre site was sold to the Conservancy in 2013. The previous owners are archaeologists and have studied the site and propose that it houses a seasonal field house where dry land farming was practiced. There are several artifacts exposed on the surface including a burnt daub concentration approximately 30x40 meters in diameter. Within the daub concentration there is artifact scatter with abundant ceramics including Bluff Red Ware, Black on White, and McElmo Black on White. A bifacially polished stone hoe was found during a survey of the pueblo. Archaeologists also found an argillite pendant, abundant lithic, and artifacts eroding out of a road cut indicating substantial buried deposits. There is another small lithic scatter on the southern edge of the property. This coupled with the presence of ground stone indicates that the site may represent several discrete activity areas. Prince Edward Soapstone Quarry (Virginia) The Prince Edward Soapstone Quarry is a Late Archaic steatite quarry situated on approximately 12-acres of wooded land near a large modern quarry outside of the town of Farmville, VA. The site is unique in that it consists of over 150 piles of steatite boulders and oval blanks that likely represent stockpiling of materials for use in vessel production. During this time period steatite, or soapstone, a small metamorphic rock, was mined and carved into bowls by Native Americans. This period ended with the introduction of pottery ca. 1000 B.C. In some cases steatite continued to be used as a temper for clay vessels, seen in such ceramics as Marcey Creek Ware. It is likely that the Prince Edward Soapstone Quarry was abandoned with the onset of this new technology, or used less and less until the use of soapstone ceased. Of the approximately one dozen soapstone quarries identified in Virginia, noted archaeologists Tony Opperman and E. Randolph Turner declared that this site is one of the largest and best preserved in the state. The preserve remains undisturbed due to the efforts of the landowner who recognized the significant archaeological value of the site and chose to maintain the property rather than sell it.

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Jokumsen (Washington) Imagine the rumbling of a volcano, then the roar of a mudflow that was altering all human, animal, and vegetal life

in a 200-square-mile area. Approximately 5,600 years ago, the historic Oceola Mudflow followed an eruption of Mount Rainier that not only drastically changed the surrounding landscape, but also displaced the local indigenous groups that inhabited the area. Thanks to the Jokumsen site, archaeologists have gotten a glimpse of life prior to that massive deposition of mud, rock, and debris. It is the only excavated archaeological site in this area that has yielded cultural material below the

mudflow layer, thereby proving that people were living here more than 5,600 years ago. The site was excavated several times in the 1970s under the direction of Gerald Hedlund of Green River Community College. Those excavations and landowner, Jeanne Jokumsen’s surface collection have resulted in the recovery of over 20,000 stone artifacts that include points, scrapers, lithic waste flakes, drills, beads, choppers, and millingstones. In addition to the artifacts, several features were unearthed including hearths, earth ovens, postmolds and evidence of a possible semi-subterranean pit house.

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2013 TOURS For more than 20 years, the Conservancy has conducted tours ranging in length from four days to two weeks. Expert guides always accompany our tours, providing unique insights about the places we visit. Tour regions include the American Midwest, Southeast, Southwest, and East, as well as Mexico and Central and South America. Belize and Tikal January 10 – 20, 2013 Our tour began on the coast of Belize, where we toured Belize City, saw Altun Ha, and took a boat ride up the New River to Lamanai, a Maya trading center established before Christ and occupied until A.D. 1641. From the coast, we traveled to the inner reaches of the country and explored the splendid mountaintop palace of Cahal Pech. A ferry took us to the ruins of Xunantunich, which was once an important trading center. There we toured El Castillo, a classic example of the Maya technique of constructing a pyramid over an older pyramid. From Xunantunich we visited the recently excavated ceremonial site of Caracol, the largest Maya site in Belize. We also visited Yachá, a city 19 miles southeast of Tikal that features an impressive series of plazas and platform groups. Then we spent two days at Tikal exploring one of the most magnificent Maya centers. Thought to have had a population exceeding 75,000, Tikal, situated in the Petén rain forest, once spanned an area of more than 25 square miles. Maya of Chiapas and Tabasco March 13-23, 2013 This tour took us to some of the more out-of-the-way, but spectacular, Maya ruins in southern Mexico that flourished between A.D. 300 and 900. We began in the tropical lowlands and ended in the fabulous highlands of Chiapas among the modern Maya people. We saw tremendous pyramids, unbelievable sculptures and murals, and modern arts and crafts. We began our adventure with a visit to the major Olmec site of La Venta and its great earthen pyramid. We then visited Comalcalco, Palenque, Bonampak, and Yaxchilán. Then we left the tropical lowlands for a long climb into the Chiapas mountains to the large Maya center of Toniná. The site is dominated by its acropolis, which rises in terraces and buildings some 233 feet up the side of a steep hill. We continued climbing to reach the town of San Cristòbal de las Casas, where we spent two nights. We then visited the charming Tzotzil Maya villages of San Juan Chamula and Zinacantán. Colonial Chesapeake April 21 – April 28, 2013 From early European settlements to later colonial capitals, the Chesapeake Bay region has played an important role in the founding and development of our nation. The Conservancy spent a week exploring the area’s rich and diverse colonial history and archaeology. Our exciting journey began in Baltimore, Maryland, and took us from Historic St. Mary’s City, Maryland’s 17th-century capital, to its current capital in Annapolis. We

traveled to Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English colony in North America, and then to the historic Mount Vernon Estate of George Washington. Along the way we spent three nights in Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia and visited important 17th-and 18th-century sites in the area. During our adventure we were joined by noted Chesapeake archaeologist Donald Linebaugh of the University of Maryland, as well as other local scholars that shared their expertise and explained how archaeology has assisted them in interpreting the region’s past. San Juan River Trip May 18-25, 2013 Our river adventure took us through the heartland of the Anasazi world. From the vantage point of Utah’s San Juan River, we experienced one of the most scenic regions of the Southwest. We began our adventure with two full days of site visits on land, then we boarded our boats and floated down the San Juan River for four days, stopping often to visit Anasazi ruins accessible only by river. At night, we camped under the spectacular Southwestern sky.  Cahokia and the Middle Mississippian Culture September 5-8, 2013 We explored the phenomenal earthworks of Cahokia and the central Mississippi and Illinois River Valleys.

Inhabited around A.D. 700 to 1400, Cahokia was the premier Mississippian town and the center of the most sophisticated

prehistoric Indian civilization north of Mexico. This ancient city, located across the Mississippi River from what is now St. Louis, covered nearly six square miles and was home to thousands of people. Monks Mound, the great platform mound in Cahokia’s central ceremonial area, is the largest earthen construction in the New World. In addition to Cahokia, we visited Mastodon State Historic site, which has provided evidence of humans hunting Ice Age elephants, and Dickson Mounds, a Mississippian mound and village center that flourished 800 years ago and today boasts a state-of-the-art interactive museum. Midwest archaeological experts joined us on this fascinating trip.

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Chaco Canyon in Depth September 14-22, 2013 We explored the vast cultural system of Chaco Canyon and the extensive network of outlying communities that

developed in northwestern New Mexico and southwestern Colorado from A.D. 800 to 1140. We visited Pueblo Bonito and other spectacular great

houses in Chaco Canyon as well as the great kiva at Casa Rinconada. We hiked to some of the most spectacular and remote sites in the canyon. We also had the unique opportunity to visit many of the most important outlying communities that are integral parts of the entire Chacoan complex still being uncovered by researchers. Scholars are still struggling to understand how this vast system developed and operated, and why it suddenly collapsed

around A.D. 1140. To complete the experience, we spent two memorable nights camping in Chaco Canyon and we also toured the modern day Pueblo of Acoma. Some of the leading Chaco experts joined us. Oaxaca October 25-November 4, 2013 We visited Oaxaca, Mexico, during one of the most unusual festivals anywhere – the Day of the Dead. On this day, people prepare home alters and cemeteries to welcome the dead, who are believed to return to enjoy the food and drink they indulged in during life. Rather than a morbid occasion, this is a celebratory event. Our tour explored the Mixtecan and Zapotecan archaeological sites in the region, Mitla, Monte Albán, San José Mogote, and Dainzú. We had the opportunity to explore Oaxaca’s museums and markets as well as several crafts villages featuring weaving, pottery, carved animals, and other local art.

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2013 RESEARCH

All Conservancy preserves are open for research by qualified scholars. Here are some of the research projects that took place on Conservancy preserves in 2013. Fast Preserve (California) – Lowell Thomas, a graduate student at California State University, Chico and archaeologist for Lassen National Forest, has designed and initiated a survey protocol for the Fast Preserve that entailed a comprehensive reconnaissance of the property and a detailed recording of the present cultural material. Thomas is still working on recording all the cultural features and elements encountered during the survey. Hotchkiss Mound Preserve (California) – This past June, Dr. Jelmer Eerkens of the University of California, Davis, collected several soil samples from the Hotchkiss Mound for analysis. Eerkens and his colleagues are interested in the ecology of the Delta region and the role humans played in shaping that ecology. In particular, the researchers would like to gain a better understanding of the type of fish the people at Hotchkiss Mound consumed and the fishing techniques they employed. In addition to the ecological research, they want to explore how the people were linked to regional exchange networks through the analysis of the obsidian found at the site. Fairmont Butte Preserve (California) – For the past two spring seasons, Dr. Darcy Wiewall has been bringing her Antelope Valley College students to the Fairmont Butte Preserve to survey and map the site. During the spring of 2012, the class surveyed the entire area and began the mapping process. This past spring, the class finished up the mapping of the site and helped to pick up trash at the preserve. Backusburg Mounds Preserve (Kentucky) – National Science Foundation funded limited excavation and mapping of the site. Dresden Preserve (Maine) – In May 2013, Andrew Heller and Dr. Alice Kelley conducted a multi-component non-invasive geophysical survey at the Dresden Falls Preserve in Dresden, Maine on behalf of Dr. Bruce Bourque of the Main State Museum. The survey consisted of ground penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetometry over a 20m x 40m area previously identified by Dr. Arthur Spiess as being the loci of several prehistoric archaeological features from the Early to Middle Archaic occupation of the site. GPR data was collected over the entire survey area while magnetometry testing was conducted over the west half of the survey area. Waterside Shell Heap Preserve (Maine) – Famous as one of only a few known shell middens preserved from the Late Archaic period Moorehead Phase (4000 years BP) in Maine was last excavated by archaeologists John Rowe in in 1940. In the summer of 2013, researchers from the University of Maine under the direction of Dr. Brian S. Robinson, as part of archaeologist Sky Heller’s doctoral dissertation project, conducted the first professional archaeological investigations at the site in over 70 years. Barton Preserve (Maryland) – 2013 saw the continuation of research by Dr. Bob Wall of Towson University at the 30-acre Barton Preserve, the location of a deeply stratified multi-component prehistoric site. As with past field seasons, this year’s research saw fieldwork at the site connected to the several Late Woodland and Contact period villages at the site, but also to testing of the site’s deeply buried Archaic and Paleo soils and deposits. Research at the Barton site may potentially provide a wealth of information about the region’s prehistory through controlled test excavations. Blanchard Mounds Preserve (Mississippi) – The Mississippi Department of Archives and History along with the Natural Resources Conservation Service conducted soil coring on the mounds in 2013. Carson Preserve (Mississippi) – The University of Mississippi and Tulane University both worked on the Carson site in 2013. A Ph.D. student from Tulane examined the stratigraphy of Mound D to determine construction sequence as well as its use. The University of Mississippi assisted the Mississippi Department of Archives and History with work conducted on Mound C of the site Cedarscape Preserve (Mississippi) – The Chickasaw Nation’s archaeologists did some surface collecting and mapping at the site located outside of Tupelo, Mississippi. Barnesville Track Rocks Preserve (Ohio) – The site underwent nondestructive analysis and dating of petroglyphs.

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2013 LECTURES As part of the Conservancy’s public outreach program, we sponsor lectures around the country. This is an excellent opportunity to reach out to our members.

March – May 2013 – Ancient Sites and Ancient Stories 2013

Working with Southwest Seminars, this popular Santa Fe lecture series was held every Monday for three months and featured ten prominent archaeologists and scholars. March – November 2013 – Montana Lecture Series Partnering with The Exteme History Project and the Museum of the Rockies, this nine-part series featured distinguished researchers in the fields of history, archaeology and anthropology. October 2013 – Cahokia Lecture Series Our three-part series discussed the archaeology of Cahokia and included: Dr. F. Kent Reilly III, Professor of Anthropology, Director for the Arts and Symbolism of Ancient America, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas; Dr. John Kelly, Senior Lecturer, Archaeology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and William Iseminger, Assistant Site Manager, Curator, and Public Relations Director at Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site, Collinsville, Illinois. AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY MAGAZINE The Conservancy’s 23,000 members received our quarterly magazine American Archaeology. Launched in 1997, American Archaeology is the only magazine devoted exclusively to the rich diversity of archaeology in the Americas. By sharing new discoveries, national news, events, and Conservancy successes, the magazine makes learning about ancient America as exciting as it is essential. It can be found in bookstores like Barnes and Noble across the United States. The Conservancy also distributes the magazine at archaeology meetings and other events.

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