New Architectures for PW-Scale High Peak Power …New Architectures for PW-Scale High Peak Power...
Transcript of New Architectures for PW-Scale High Peak Power …New Architectures for PW-Scale High Peak Power...
LLNL-PRES-761044This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC
New Architectures for PW-Scale High Peak Power Lasers Scalable to Near-MW Average Powers and Their Application to EUV Generation2018 EUV Source Workshop
HiLASE & ELI, Prague, Czech Republic
Craig W. Siders, [email protected], Senior Scientist, Commercial Tech Development Leader
Constantin HaefnerProgram Director
A.J. Bayramian, A.C. Erlandson, T.C. Galvin,S. Langer, E.F. Sistrunk, T.M. Spinka
Advanced Photon Technologies, NIF & Photon ScienceLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, DOE/NNSA
November 6th, 2018
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Sierra: 125-PetaFLOP
World’s 3rd fastest supercomputer
HAPLS: World’s fastest Petawatt laser
NIF: World’s highest energy Petawatt laser
LLNL is a premier Science-basedStockpile Stewardship Laboratory
Why does LLNL care about EUVL?
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Why does LLNL care about EUVL?
2019Sierra125-PetaFLOP
2023El Capitan1 ExaFLOP
1015 transistors
Why does LLNL care about EUVL?Because Stewardship is FLOPS
Cost/transistor fundamentally underlies Stewardship.
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Pulsed 10-µm CO2 lasers are current leader for the main pulse drive laser in 13.5-nm Sn EUV system
LLNL-PRES-7330315
Verybasic“simulations”haveprovidedextremelyvaluableguidance
Nishihara,etal,PhysicsofPlasmas15,056708(2008)
! =IEUV,CR + IEUV,HD
IEUV + Iion + Irad, !10"
where IEUV,CR and IEUV,HD are the radiation fluxes of13.5-nm emission in the 2% bandwidth from the corona andhigh-density region, respectively.
The kinetic and ionization loss fluxes are independent oftime in the isothermal expansion model; however, since theplasma scale length increases with time, the radiation lossflux depends on it, and therefore on the laser pulse duration.For a given ion density and an electron temperature !n0 ,Te",we can optimize the CE by changing the pulse duration.Figure 2 shows the maximum CE !solid" and the absorbedlaser intensity !dotted" required to sustain the plasma in !ni#n0 ,Te" plane thus obtained. The CE is strongly dependenton the electron temperature and ion density. The CE of tintargets varies in the range of a few % to 12%. An electrontemperature in the range of 30–70 eV is required for highCE, because most 13.5-nm emission from tin comes fromions with the charge state Sn10−14+, and this range of electrontemperature is required for the ionization. A relatively highCE can be obtained in a relatively low ion density region,mainly due to large spectral efficiency, the ratio of 13.5-nmemission with 2% bandwidth to total radiation, and loweropacity in the low-density region. The required laser inten-sity decreases with a decrease in density and temperature, asexpected. The optimum laser pulse duration shown in Fig. 3decreases with an increase in density due to the opacity ef-fect in the high-density region. The power balance modelindicates that a longer wavelength laser, such as CO2, mayresult in higher CE compared with a shorter wavelength la-ser, such as an Nd:YAG glass laser.
The model prediction agrees fairly well with our experi-ments, at least for the 1 "m laser.6,11 The dependence of CEon the laser intensity and the absolute value of CE agrees
well with our experiments using a spherical target withGekko XII laser.6 The maximum CE of 3% was obtained atthe laser intensity of 5#1010−1011 W /cm2 in the experi-ment, which coincides with the theoretical prediction. Theoptimum laser pulse duration also agrees well with the ex-perimental observation of 2.2 ns using a planar target.11
III. INTEGRATED CODE DEVELOPMENTAND BENCHMARK
A. Charge exchange spectroscopy and atomic codes
For the investigation of the plasma, spectroscopic data ofions are necessary; however, spectroscopic data on multiplycharged tin and xenon ions are fairly limited at present. Theenergy levels of those multiply charged ions have not yetbeen established because of the complexity of their elec-tronic structures attributed to strong electron correlation be-tween large numbers of active electrons.29 Charge exchangespectroscopy, in which line intensities of photon emissionsare measured following the charge-transfer reaction in colli-sions of multiply charged ions with neutral target gases, isused here to investigate the transition energies and energylevels of multiply charged ions.21,30,31 The multiply chargedtin ions were produced in a 14.25-GHz electron cyclotronresonance !ECR" ion source at Tokyo MetropolitanUniversity.32 The ions were extracted with an electric poten-tial of 20 kV, and were selected by a dipole magnet accord-ing to their mass-to-charge ratios. The ion beam was directedinto a collision chamber, where the beam intersected an ef-fusive target gas beam from a multicapillary plate. Opticalradiation from the collision volume was observed at 90° tothe ion-beam direction using a compact grazing-incidencespectrometer equipped with a liquid-nitrogen-cooled CCDcamera.
Figure 4 shows the EUV spectra of multiply charged tinions Snq+ !8$q$21" passing through a He gas target in thewavelength range of 6–24 nm. The single-electron capture is
109W/cm2
12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2%
1012W/cm21011W/cm21010W/cm2
ion density (cm-3)
electrontemperature(eV)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
201017 1018 1019 1020
FIG. 2. !Color" Optimum conversion efficiency from 1 to 13% with incre-ment of 1% !color", and absorbed laser intensities 109, 1010, 1011, and1012 W /cm2 from left to right !solid lines", are required to sustain theplasma in !ni ,Te" plane.
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electrontemperature(eV)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
201017 10201018 1019
ion density (cm-3)FIG. 3. !Color" Optimum pulse duration in ns for maximum conversionefficiencies of 2, 5, 10, 22, and 46 ns from right to left in the !ni ,Te" plane.
056708-4 Nishihara et al. Phys. Plasmas 15, 056708 !2008"
Downloaded 13 Nov 2012 to 193.1.170.40. Redistribution subject to AIP license or copyright; see http://pop.aip.org/about/rights_and_permissions
§ Steady-statepowerbalanceà conversionefficiency(CE)laserabsorption/atomickinetics/hydrodynamics/radiativeemission
§ Lowdensitiesà prepulse +longerwavelengthlaser(CO2 ,λ =10.6 µm)
Optimum CE, absorbed laser power (λ = 1.06 µm)
! =IEUV,CR + IEUV,HD
IEUV + Iion + Irad, !10"
where IEUV,CR and IEUV,HD are the radiation fluxes of13.5-nm emission in the 2% bandwidth from the corona andhigh-density region, respectively.
The kinetic and ionization loss fluxes are independent oftime in the isothermal expansion model; however, since theplasma scale length increases with time, the radiation lossflux depends on it, and therefore on the laser pulse duration.For a given ion density and an electron temperature !n0 ,Te",we can optimize the CE by changing the pulse duration.Figure 2 shows the maximum CE !solid" and the absorbedlaser intensity !dotted" required to sustain the plasma in !ni#n0 ,Te" plane thus obtained. The CE is strongly dependenton the electron temperature and ion density. The CE of tintargets varies in the range of a few % to 12%. An electrontemperature in the range of 30–70 eV is required for highCE, because most 13.5-nm emission from tin comes fromions with the charge state Sn10−14+, and this range of electrontemperature is required for the ionization. A relatively highCE can be obtained in a relatively low ion density region,mainly due to large spectral efficiency, the ratio of 13.5-nmemission with 2% bandwidth to total radiation, and loweropacity in the low-density region. The required laser inten-sity decreases with a decrease in density and temperature, asexpected. The optimum laser pulse duration shown in Fig. 3decreases with an increase in density due to the opacity ef-fect in the high-density region. The power balance modelindicates that a longer wavelength laser, such as CO2, mayresult in higher CE compared with a shorter wavelength la-ser, such as an Nd:YAG glass laser.
The model prediction agrees fairly well with our experi-ments, at least for the 1 "m laser.6,11 The dependence of CEon the laser intensity and the absolute value of CE agrees
well with our experiments using a spherical target withGekko XII laser.6 The maximum CE of 3% was obtained atthe laser intensity of 5#1010−1011 W /cm2 in the experi-ment, which coincides with the theoretical prediction. Theoptimum laser pulse duration also agrees well with the ex-perimental observation of 2.2 ns using a planar target.11
III. INTEGRATED CODE DEVELOPMENTAND BENCHMARK
A. Charge exchange spectroscopy and atomic codes
For the investigation of the plasma, spectroscopic data ofions are necessary; however, spectroscopic data on multiplycharged tin and xenon ions are fairly limited at present. Theenergy levels of those multiply charged ions have not yetbeen established because of the complexity of their elec-tronic structures attributed to strong electron correlation be-tween large numbers of active electrons.29 Charge exchangespectroscopy, in which line intensities of photon emissionsare measured following the charge-transfer reaction in colli-sions of multiply charged ions with neutral target gases, isused here to investigate the transition energies and energylevels of multiply charged ions.21,30,31 The multiply chargedtin ions were produced in a 14.25-GHz electron cyclotronresonance !ECR" ion source at Tokyo MetropolitanUniversity.32 The ions were extracted with an electric poten-tial of 20 kV, and were selected by a dipole magnet accord-ing to their mass-to-charge ratios. The ion beam was directedinto a collision chamber, where the beam intersected an ef-fusive target gas beam from a multicapillary plate. Opticalradiation from the collision volume was observed at 90° tothe ion-beam direction using a compact grazing-incidencespectrometer equipped with a liquid-nitrogen-cooled CCDcamera.
Figure 4 shows the EUV spectra of multiply charged tinions Snq+ !8$q$21" passing through a He gas target in thewavelength range of 6–24 nm. The single-electron capture is
109W/cm2
12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2%
1012W/cm21011W/cm21010W/cm2
ion density (cm-3)
electrontemperature(eV)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
201017 1018 1019 1020
FIG. 2. !Color" Optimum conversion efficiency from 1 to 13% with incre-ment of 1% !color", and absorbed laser intensities 109, 1010, 1011, and1012 W /cm2 from left to right !solid lines", are required to sustain theplasma in !ni ,Te" plane.
462210
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electrontemperature(eV)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
201017 10201018 1019
ion density (cm-3)FIG. 3. !Color" Optimum pulse duration in ns for maximum conversionefficiencies of 2, 5, 10, 22, and 46 ns from right to left in the !ni ,Te" plane.
056708-4 Nishihara et al. Phys. Plasmas 15, 056708 !2008"
Downloaded 13 Nov 2012 to 193.1.170.40. Redistribution subject to AIP license or copyright; see http://pop.aip.org/about/rights_and_permissions
Optimum pulse duration (in ns)
50-kHz, 10’s-ns, 0.5-J, 20-kW average, MW’s peak power,~5% E-O efficiencies~1-3% wall-plug
10-µm CO2
10-µm CO21-µm Nd
CO2 lasers were the early choice for 13.5-nm EUV development- Scalable high-power laser architecture- Long wavelength well matched for MP interaction- DPSSL (diode-pumped solid-state laser) tech in
infancy CE: ~6-7%
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§ DPSSLs have significantly closed the gap in last 20 years. LLNL’s short-wave
IR (SWIR, 2µm) DPSSL architecture is scalable to higher average power (~300
kW) than current commercial CO2 lasers (~20 kW) and has many advantages:
— Efficiency: estimated to be 3x more efficient, wall-plug.
— Stability: Reduced thermal load, improved thermal management, and
diode pumping - <1% shot-to-shot energy stability
— Compactness: For 300-kW system, 1.5m x 20m single-layer (plus a 4 m2
pulse compressor vacuum vessel for short-pulse operation)
— Agile Pulsewidth: broadband, passively switched architecture – short
(sub-ps) to long (sub-us to CW).
— Flexible high peak-power: Can trade energy and rep-rate at fixed average
power, MW up to multi-PW peak.
— Shaping: pulses can be dynamically temporally shaped accurately to
desired profile.
— Multi-function: both pre-pulse and main pulse can be amplified
colinearly in same amplifier.
Bottom Line Up Front: Scalable diode-pumped solid state lasers could drive next-generation EUV sources
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Bottom Line Up Front: Scalable diode-pumped solid state lasers could drive next-generation EUV sources
*See “Simulating EUV Production - an Overview of the Underpinnings,” Howard Scott and Steve Langer, 2017 International Workshop on EUV LithographyJune 12-15, 2017 Berkeley, CA
?
§ Key outstanding question: 2-µm vs. 10-µm. Does this help or hurt conversion efficiency?— Locations of energy deposition and EUV
emission are closely matched for Sn/CO2— 30x difference in critical densities for 2 vs 10,
so absorption and emission more separated— For Sn/2-µm, will energy be effectively
conveyed across this gap?
§ We have utilized 1D HYRDA simulation* to initially assess 2-um conversion efficiency.
CE = ?
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§ The highest 2-µm conversion efficiency is 12.1% for 3.6-GW/cm2. The emission peaks at wavelengths shorter than 13.5 nm.
§ Pulse lengths were varied to match burn-through times.
§ 10-µm CO2 CE:— Up to 6-7% expt.— 1D HYRDA: >10%
1D HYDRA Simulations of 13.5 nm EUV emission for Sn/2-µm evidence conversion efficiencies on-par with CO2
2-µm SWIR lasers should be considered for next-gen EUV drive lasers.
5 10 15 20
1.
2.
3.
4.
10−6
Integrated spectrum
wavelength(nm)
spec
trum
3.6-GW/cm2
10-6
5 10 15 20Emission Wavelength [nm]
Integrated Spectra
4
3
2
1
0 2-µm Drive Laser
CE = 12.1%
5 10 15 200.
2.
4.
6.
10−8
Integrated spectrum
wavelength(nm)
spec
trum
1.35-GW/cm2
10-8
5 10 15 20Emission Wavelength [nm]
6
4
2
0 2-µm Drive Laser
CE = 6.5%0.4-GW/cm2
5 10 15 200.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
10−7
Integrated spectrum
wavelength(nm)
spec
trum
5 10 15 20Emission Wavelength [nm]
0.2
0.0
10-7
0.8
0.6
0.4
1.0
1.2
2-µm Drive Laser
CE = 0.92%
CE = 7.5%
5 10 15 20
2.
4.
6.
8.
10−7
Integrated spectrum
wavelength(nm)
spec
trum
10-7
5 10 15 20Emission Wavelength [nm]
Integrated Spectra
8
6
4
2
0 2-µm Drive Laser
2.1-GW/cm2
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1-PW
13-PW
Entire Earth:175-PW
1-PW = 1015 W = 1000000000000000 Watt = 1 Trillion tea/coffee pots
What do we mean by high peak power lasers?
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Chirped Pulse Amplification was the key for unlocking PW lasers
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1996: The First Petawatt Laser, invented at LLNL: 600 J, >1 PW
Petawatt specs:• 1.3-PW = 1,300,000,000,000,000 Watts of power• 600-J / 0.5-ps (1-ps = 0.000000000001-sec)• Chirped-pulse amplification• 4-shots per day• Average power = 0.007-W• ~1021 W/cm2 intensity = 3.3x1010 J/cm3 = 300x109 bar = 108-K
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e-, e+, p+, n, ion
Numerous particle and photon secondary sources are produced in the interaction of an intense laser with a solid
LLNL-PRES-748574LLNL-PRES-761044
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1996: The First Petawatt Laser, invented at LLNL: 600 J, >1 PW
Petawatt discoveries:
• 10-100-MeV electron beams
• 10-100-MeV proton and ion beams
• Hard x-rays and gamma-rays
• Photo-fission
• Positron production
Petawatt specs:
• 1.3-PW = 1,300,000,000,000,000 Watts of power
• 600-J / 0.5-ps (1-ps = 0.000000000001-sec)
• Chirped-pulse amplification
• 4-shots per day
• Average power = 0.007-W
• ~1021 W/cm2 intensity = 3.3x1010 J/cm3 = 300x109 bar = 108-K
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High-resolution x-ray microscopy
Betatron X-rays
Sensitive nuclear material detection
SNM Detection
Effective confidence in parts
Non-Destructive
Tailor made properties
Ind. Processing
Laboratory astrophysics
HEDS/Material Sci.
Compact laser-based accelerators
Accelerators
Hadron therapy – cancer treatment
Medical
Exploring nanoscale magnetism
High-Harmonics
8
6
4
2
-5 5 0
Log
Tem
pera
ture
(K)
Log density(g/cm3)
Sun
Earth’s core
Jupiter
M=60 sun
Brown dwarf
Giant Planet
Inertial fusion
Log density (g*cm-3)
Log
tem
pera
ture
(K)
solid
pressure = 1 Mbar
atomic pressures ~ Eh /a
B 3
HED regime P>1Mbar
DD fusion
SuperNovaremnant
LLNL-PRES-761044
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ANL-08/39 BNL-81895-2008
LBNL-1090E-2009 SLAC-R-917
Science and Technology of Future Light Sources
A White Paper
Report prepared by scientists from ANL, BNL, LBNL and SLAC. The coordinating team consisted of Uwe Bergmann, John Corlett, Steve Dierker, Roger Falcone, John Galayda, Murray Gibson, Jerry Hastings, Bob Hettel, John Hill, Zahid Hussain, Chi-Chang Kao, Janos Kirz, Gabrielle Long, Bill McCurdy, Tor Raubenheimer, Fernando Sannibale, John Seeman, Z.-X. Shen, Gopal Shenoy, Bob Schoenlein, Qun Shen, Brian Stephenson, Joachim Stöhr, and Alexander Zholents. Other contributors are listed at the end of the document.
Argonne National Laboratory
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
December 2008
Applications of Fusion Energy Sciences Research
Scientific Discoveries and New Technologies Beyond Fusion
Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee—U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science September 2015
BASIC RESEARCH DIRECTIONSfor User Science at the National Ignition Facility
Report on the National Nuclear Security Administration – Office of Science Workshop on Basic Research Directions on User Science at the National Ignition Facility
Workshop on Energy and Environmental Applications of Accelerators
June 24–26, 2015
1 N u c l e a r P o s t u r e R e v i e w Re po r t
National Nuclear Security Administration United States Department of Energy
Washington, DC 20585
Prevent, Counter, and Respond—A Strategic Plan to Reduce Global Nuclear Threats
FY 2017–FY 2021 Report to Congress March 2016
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Predictive Theoretical and Computational Approaches for Additive Manufacturing: Proceedings of a Workshop
Michelle Schwalbe, Rapporteur
U.S. National Committee on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Board on International Scientific Organizations
Policy and Global Affairs
Predictive Theoretical and Computational Approaches for Additive Manufacturing
Proceedings of a Workshop
PREPUBLICATION COPY—UNEDITED PROOFS
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Making Value for America: Embracing the Future of Manufacturing, Technology, and Work: Summary
MAKING VALUE FORAMERICAEmbracing the Future
of Manufacturing,
Technology, and Work
SUMMARY
Workshop on Laser Technology for Accelerators
Summary Report
January 23–25, 2013
DOE Advanced Accelerator Concepts Research Roadmap Workshop
February 2–3, 2016
Image credits: lower left LBNL/R. Kaltschmidt, upper right SLAC/UCLA/W. An
High-resolution x-ray microscopy
Betatron X-rays
Sensitive nuclear material detection
SNM Detection
Effective confidence in parts
Non-Destructive
Tailor made properties
Ind. Processing
Laboratory astrophysics
HEDS/Material Sci.
Compact laser-based accelerators
Accelerators
Hadron therapy – cancer treatment
Medical
Exploring nanoscale magnetism
High-Harmonics
8
6
4
2
-5 5 0
Log
Tem
pera
ture
(K)
Log density(g/cm3)
Sun
Earth’s core
Jupiter
M=60 sun
Brown dwarf
Giant Planet
Inertial fusion
Log density (g*cm-3)
Log
tem
pera
ture
(K)
solid
pressure = 1 Mbar
atomic pressures ~ Eh /a
B 3
HED regime P>1Mbar
DD fusion
SuperNovaremnant
LLNL-PRES-761044
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Worldwide scientific laser facilities mostly meet the demands for proof of principle experiments
High-field
ICF/IFE/HEDMat.Phys.
Ultrafast
WDMSPL PumpsIndustrial Appl.EUVL
l3
Average PowerPeak Power
Ti:Sa
Nd:g
Yb:X
OPA
Gas
Laser Media
Er:X
Cr:X
Tm:X
Operational
In Build
Conceptual
De-activatedApplication
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Commercial and advanced scientific short pulse laser applications require high repetition rate
NeutronRadiography
HadronTherapy
NeutronMaterials Development
HAPLS
Peak Power
Average Power
X-FELs & HHG
Laser Fusion PowerFast-Ignition
Inertial Confinement Fusion
Ti:Sa
Nd:g
Yb:X
OPA
Gas
Laser Media
Er:X
Cr:X
Tm:X
e+/e-collidersx/g-beams
Operational
In Build
Conceptual
De-activatedApplication
SpaceDebrisClearing
Feed-Forward Feed-Back
The increase in repetition-rate of PW-class lasers enables both practical commercial applications and “closes the loop” on intensity performance.
EUVLithography
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High-average Power, High-Intensity Lasers are poised to have far reaching impact on industry, society, and science
Pushing the frontiers of high-power applications and high-intensity science requires next-generation high repetition-rate high-energy solid state lasers.
Ti:Sa
Nd:g
Yb:X
OPA
Gas
Laser Media
Er:X
Cr:X
Tm:X
Operational
In Build
Conceptual
De-activated
Application
1996 “The PW Laser” @LLNL
Pulse Energy
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High-average Power, High-Intensity Lasers are poised to have far reaching impact on industry, society, and science
Pushing the frontiers of high-power applications and high-intensity science requires next-generation high repetition-rate high-energy solid state lasers.
Ti:Sa
Nd:g
Yb:X
OPA
Gas
Laser Media
Er:X
Cr:X
Tm:X
Operational
In Build
Conceptual
De-activated
Application
Pulse Energy
2017: The LLNL/ELI HAPLS1996 “The PW Laser” @LLNL
1000x100x10x
SDC
GW
MW
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20 years later: LLNL/ELI’s HAPLS-L3 laser runs 200,000 times faster than the original 1996 Petawatt
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• Designed, built and commissioned at LLNL (2013-2017): 3 years from concept to product• HAPLS is installed and recommissioned in the L3 hall at ELI• Integrated team approach to ensure successful technology transfer• All milestones met on time and on schedule• Delivery of a robust, highly automated laser system for integration into user facility
HAPLS Project: Design, development and delivery of a Petawatt capable of firing at 10Hz repetition rate = 1MJ/hour
The HAPLS Laser
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ELI L3-High-repetition-rate Advanced Petawatt Laser System (L3-HAPLS) is the only PW-class DPSSLP laser operational today
Requirement SpecificationEnergy at 820nm ≥30 J (Phase 2)Pulse Length ≤30 fsPeak Power ≥1 PWPre-pulse Power Contrast ≤10-9 ≤ c ≤10-11
Energy Stability 0.6% rmsTechnology DPSSL pumped Ti:sapphire CPARepetition Rate 10 Hz (Phase 2)Power Consumption <150 kW
June 2018: HAPLS Final Review
242018 ICALEO plenary.ppt – Haefner – 2018-10-16
July 2018
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l/4
Relay
Diodes
Diodes
Diodes
He gascooling
He gascooling
Spatial Filter
Injection Transport Relay
Polarizer
LongPulse FrontEnd
Relay
Amp 2 Amp 1
Adaptive optic
Injection Transport
Ti:sapphireAmplifier
Frequency Converter
The HAPLS pump architecture utilizes dual diode-pumped surface-cooled multislab amplifiers in a 4-pass polarization switched architecture
Adaptive optic
Downscaled 10-kJ/10-Hz Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) Laser Design
HAP Compressor
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Ti:Sa
Nd:g
Yb:X
OPA
Laser Media
Er:X
Cr:X
Tm:X
Efficient, long gain-lifetime materials are preferred for next-generation diode-pumped architectures
Efficient, Diode-pumpableLaser Media
Gain Bandwidth
(1� ⌘QD) · ⌘conversion
· ⌘diode
Ti:S
Nd:G
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l/4
Relay
Diodes
Diodes
Diodes
He gascooling
He gascooling
Spatial Filter
Injection Transport Relay
Polarizer
LongPulse FrontEnd
Relay
Amp 2 Amp 1
Adaptive optic
Injection Transport
Ti:sapphireAmplifier
Frequency Converter
The HAPLS pump architecture utilizes dual diode-pumped surface-cooled multislab amplifiers in a 4-pass polarization switched architecture
Adaptive optic
Downscaled 10-kJ/10-Hz Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) Laser Design
HAP Compressor
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l/4
Relay
Diodes
Diodes
Diodes
He gascooling
He gascooling
Spatial Filter
Injection Transport Relay
Polarizer
HighContrastShortPulse FrontEnd
Relay
Amp 2 Amp 1
Adaptive optic
The dual-diode pumped surface-cooled multislab amplifier in a 4-pass polarization switched architecture is a template for high average power high peak-power systems
HAP Compressor
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Based on HAPLS pump laser and NIF ARC technology, LLNL has developed a concept for a Scalable High-average-power Advanced Radiographic Capability
OutputWaste
Indirect CPA: DPSSL-pumped Ti:S 2.6%
Efficiency
1-JIndirect CPA: Lamp-pumped SSL pumped Ti:S
1-J
0.4%WP EO
3.8%
0.6%
Direct CPA: SHARC 5.0% 7.2%1-J
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SHARCScalable High-power Advanced Radiographic Capability
150-J, 150-fs, 1-PW, 10-Hz
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Ti:Sa
Nd:g
Yb:X
OPA
Laser Media
Er:X
Cr:X
Tm:X
Efficient, long gain-lifetime materials are preferred for next-generation diode-pumped architectures
Efficient, Diode-pumpableLaser Media
Gain Bandwidth
(1� ⌘QD) · ⌘conversion
· ⌘diode
Ti:S
Tm:YLF
Nd:G
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BATBig Aperture Thulium Laser
30-J, 100-fs, 0.3-PW, 10-kHz300-kW Average Power
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BAT utilizes 2x the laser diodes of HAPLS, but has 1000x the average power!
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Diode pumping and multi-pulse extraction have significant impact on system efficiencies
1-H
z 30
-J F
lash
lam
p-pu
mpe
d SS
L-pu
mpe
d Ti
S10
-Hz
30-J
DPS
SLpu
mpe
d Ti
S
10-k
Hz
30-J
BAT
10-H
z/15
0-J
SHAR
C
LegendOutputSlab HeatingFuorescenceTransportUnconverted LightPump Light LossPump HeatElectronics HeatRefridgeration
1-J 1-J 1-J 1-J
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BAT-Class
BAT-Class lasers set a new standard for high average and high peak power lasers with high true wall-plug efficiency
0.2-J 100-kHz
Estimated from EO-efficiencyTanino et al, 2013 ISEUVL
EUV: 3-J
100-kHz
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l/4
Relay
Diodes
Diodes
Diodes
He gascooling
He gascooling
Spatial Filter
Injection Transport Relay
Polarizer
HighContrastShortPulse FrontEnd
Relay
Amp 2 Amp 1
Adaptive optic
The dual-diode pumped surface-cooled multislab amplifier in a 4-pass polarization switched architecture is a template for high average power high peak-power systems
HAP Compressor
fs’s, PW’s>1020W/cm2
LLNL-PRES-761044
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l/4
Relay
Diodes
Diodes
Diodes
He gascooling
He gascooling
Spatial Filter
Injection Transport Relay
Polarizer
LongPulse FrontEnd
Relay
Amp 2 Amp 1
Adaptive optic
The dual-diode pumped surface-cooled multislab amplifier in a 4-pass polarization switched architecture is a template for high average power EUV drive laser systems
ns’s, MW’s~109-13W/cm2
Pre-Pulse FrontEnd
LLNL-PRES-761044
37LLNL-PRES-761044LLNL-PRES-748574
l/4
Relay
Diodes
Diodes
Diodes
He gascooling
He gascooling
Spatial Filter
Injection Transport Relay
Polarizer
DualPulseLong-ShortPulse FrontEnd
Relay
Amp 2 Amp 1
Adaptive optic
The dual-diode pumped surface-cooled multislab amplifier in a 4-pass polarization switched architecture is a template for high average power EUV drive laser systems
HAP Compressor
ns’s, MW’s~109-18W/cm2
LLNL-PRES-761044
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LLNL’s high-power DPSSL architectures scale to 100’s kW average power, advancing both scientific and industrial frontiers
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SHARCScalable High-power Advanced Radiographic Capability
150-J, 150-fs, 1-PW, 10-Hz
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BATBig Aperture Thulium Laser
30-J, 100-fs, 0.3-PW, 10-kHz300-kW Average Power
EUV-BAT:3-J (PP + MP)100-kHz
Scalable & efficient 2-µm BAT is a strong candidate next-gen Blue-X driver lasers.
LLNL-PRES-761044
40LLNL-PRES-761044
HAPLS system architecture
Frontend Alpha Amplifier
Beta(Power)
Amplifier
wideband MultipassAmplifier
Stretcher
Compressor
Beam Conditioning
Pulse shaping and contrast enhancement
Deformable Mirror
DPSSL pump lasers
Target
Harmonic converter
Pump power amplifier
Modified NIF front-end
Power amplifier
diagnostics3.2 MW laser diode arrays
ELI Beamlines facility control
system
Integrated Controls
HAPLS b Pump Laser