www.learnesl.net New American Streamline Destinations Glossary Part B (unit 41-8-). All difficult words of each units areexplained with illustrations and parts of speech to be useful for the students learning this book.The given definitions & grammatical characteristics are based on the way the words, phrases and/orexpressions have been used in the context (in the unit).

Unit 44 (New Year’s Eve)Assignment: Look the given words up in the dictionary, and take the definitions down:Eve (n), Famine (n), Starvation (n), Harmony (n), Racial (adj.), Prejudice (n).

Unit 45 (Operation Impossible)Crime: (n) Activities that involve breaking the law.

The fight against crime must not stop.Syndicate: (n) A group of people or companies who work together and help each other in order to achievea particular aim.

They world will never be free of a crime syndicate.Murder: (n) The crime of killing somebody deliberately.

He father was murdered last night.Hijack: (v) To use violence or threats to take control of a vehicle, especially a plane, in order to force it totravel to a different place or to demand something from a government.

The Air Force One was hijacked by hijackers.Assassin: (n) A person who murders somebody important or famous, for money or for political reasons.Charming: (adj.) Very pleasant or attractive.

The charming little furry cat was looking nice.Disappear/ vanish into thin air: (idiom) Disappear suddenly.

After suicide attack the people vanished into the thin air.Defect: (v) To leave a political party, country, etc. to join another that is considered to be an enemy.

A number of writers and musicians defected from Pakistan.Laser: (n) A device that makes a very strong beam of controlled light.

A laser navigation device can help us finding the thief.Weapon: (n) An object such as a knife, gun, bomb, etc. that is used for fighting or attacking somebody.

The nuclear / chemical weapons are the biggest threat to human beings.Satellite: (n) An electronic device that is sent into space and moves around the earth or another planet. It isused for communicating by radio, television, etc. and for providing information.

The interview came live by satellite from London.Orbit: (n) A curved path followed by a planet or an object as it moves around another planet, star, etc.The earth's orbit around the sun.Blackmail: (v) To force somebody to give you money or do something for you by threatening them, forexample by saying you will tell people a secret about them.

He was twice blackmailed by the kidnappers.Oil Rig: (n) A large structure with equipment for getting oil from under the ground or under the sea.

The oil rig was destroyed by jet airplanes.Drill: (v) To make a hole in something, using a drill.

He drilled the wall with drilling machine to display the picture.Vast: (adj.) Extremely large in area, size, amount, etc.

The vast topic contains a lot of useful words.Complex: (n) A group of buildings of a similar type together in one place.

The Bolan Complex was build long ago.Superstructure: (n) A structure that is built on top of something, for example the upper parts of a ship orthe part of a building above the ground.

The superstructure of the ship was made with marbles.Odd: (adj.) Strange or unusual.

The odd shape of the ship made me surprised.Conceal: (v) To hide somebody or something.

He concealed the reality from us.Launching Pad: (n) A platform from which a spacecraft, etc. is sent into the sky.

The Launching Pad of spacecraft was hit by missile.

www.learnesl.net Track: (v) To follow the movements of somebody/something, especially by using special electronicequipment.

They tracked the ship without any difficulties.Intensive: (adj.) Involving a lot of work or activity done in a short time.

The intensive work of the staff members made us proud.Mini-submarine: (n) A ship that can travel underwater.

The mini-submarines were moving fast after marines.Supplies: (n) The things such as food, medicines, fuel, etc. that are needed by a group of people, forexample an army.

The supplies to flood victims were very slow.

Unit 46 (Operation accomplished)Accomplish: (v) To succeed in doing or completing something.

They accomplished the mission with any trouble.Itinerary: (n) A plan of a journey, including the route and the places that you visit.

The itinerary was lost on the way to London.Handle: (v) To deal with or control a situation, a person, an area of work or a strong emotion

They handled the situation after the bomb blast.Transmitter: (n) A piece of equipment used for sending electronic signals, especially radio or televisionsignals.

The transmitter of the radio was broken.Suicide: (n) The act of killing yourself deliberately.

The suicide happened when we were at home.Obtain: (v) To get something, especially by making an effort.

He obtained good marks in test.Freighter: (n) A large ship or plane that carries goods.

The freighter crashed and sinks in the sea.Rendezvous: (v) To meet at a time and place that has been arranged in advance.

I had a secret rendezvous with John that evening.Throb: (v) To feel a series of regular painful movements.

My feet were throbbing after the long walk home.Apparently: (adv.) According to the way something appears.

I thought she had retired, but apparently (= in fact) she hasn't.Glance: (v) To look quickly at something/somebody.

He could tell at a glance what was wrong.Explosive: (adj.) Easily able or likely to explode.

One of the most explosive issues of our timeDevice: (n) A bomb or weapon that will explode.

This portable device was enables save people from danger.Escort: (v) To go with somebody to protect or guard them or to show them the way.

The referee was escorted from the pitch by police.Spiral: (adj.) to move in continuous circles, going upwards or downwards.

A spiral staircase made me tired.Platform: (n) the raised flat area beside the track at a train station where you get on or off the train.

Coming onto the platform now is tonight's conductor, Jane Glover.Grin: (v) To smile widely.

She grinned amiably at us to tell us what’s right.Tumble: (v) To move or fall somewhere in a relaxed, controlled, or noisy way.

The price of oil is still tumbling.Rope: (n) Very strong thick string made by twisting thinner strings, wires, etc. together.

We tied his hands together with rope.With my eyes closed/shut: (idiom) Having enough experience to be able to do something easily.

He handled the situation with his eyes closed.Take someone by surprise: (idiom) To attack or capture sb/sth unexpectedly or without warning.

The hero took him by surprise when he was walking in the backyard.Tiptoe: (v) To walk using the front parts of your feet only, so that other people cannot hear you.

I tiptoed over to the window.Burst: (v) To start producing something suddenly and with great force.

That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more.

www.learnesl.net Tackle: (v) To deal with somebody who is violent or threatening you.

The government is determined to tackle inflation.Desperately: (adv.) Urgently.

She looked desperately around for a weapon.Soar: (v) To rise quickly and smoothly up into the air.

Air pollution will soon soar above safety levels.Massive: (adj.) Very large, heavy and solid; extremely large or serious.

He suffered a massive heart attack.Blow: (v) To break something open with explosives.

You're not blowing the balloon hard enough!

Unit 47 (Student Mastermind)Instrument: (n) A tool or device used for a particular task, especially for delicate or scientific work.

He came with all his instruments to fix the watch.Optimist: (n) A person who always expects good things to happen or things to be successful.

He's an incurable optimist.Emperor: (n) The ruler of an empire.

The emperors ordered the soldiers to kill him.Counselor: (n) A person who has been trained to advise people with problems, especially personalproblems.

The counselor told them not to meet each other again.Dig: (v) To make a hole in the ground or to move soil from one place to another using your hands, a tool ora machine.

He dug a hole in the wall.Assassinate: (v) To murder an important or famous person, especially for political reasons.

Benazir Bhutto was assassinated without any fear.Tragic: (adj.) Making you feel very sad, usually because somebody has died or suffered a lot.

The tragic story made us all sad.Casino: (n) A public building or room where people play gambling games for money.

His father has a huge casino.

Unit 48 (The Middleburg Herald)Herald: (n) Something that shows that something else is going to happen soon.

I think of primroses as the heralds of spring.Gale: (n) An extremely strong wind.

The gale blew down hundreds of trees.Down: (v) To force somebody/something down to the ground.

Storms downed trees and power lines.Flood: (n) A large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry.

The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country.Torrential: (adj.) Falling in large amounts.

The torrential rains have caused a lot of destruction.Impassable: (adj.) Impossible to travel on or through, especially because it is in bad condition or it hasbeen blocked by something.

The impassable roads are difficult to cross due to heavy rain of last night.Evacuate: (v) To move out of a place because of danger, and leave the place empty.

The people evacuated their homes before danger.Inland: (adj.) Situated in or near the middle of a country, not near the edge or on the coast.

The inland areas were hit by flood heavily.Subside: (v) To go back to a normal level.

She waited nervously for his anger to subside.Around/round the clock: (idiom) All day and all night without stopping.

They did help the flood effected areas around the clock.Debris: (n) Pieces of wood, metal, brick, etc. that are left after something has been destroyed.

The debris has blocked the ways.Relief: (n) Food, money, medicine, etc. that is given to help people in places where there has been a war ornatural disaster.

News of their safety came as a great relief.Loan: (n) Money that an organization such as a bank lends and somebody borrows.

www.learnesl.net They got the loan in a week without any trouble.

Mayor: (n) The head of the government of a town or city, etc., elected by the public.The mayor visited the injured people in a hospital yesterday.

Persuade: (v) To make somebody do something by giving them good reasons for doing it.We persuade them to help each other in difficulties.

Demolish: (v) To pull or knock down a building.The earthquake demolished the town thoroughly.

Retreat: (v) To move away or back.They American army made them to retreat.

Curb: (n) (BrE. Kerb) the edge of the raised path at the side of a road usually made of long pieces of stone.He needs to learn to curb his temper.

Loose: (v) To release something or let it happen or be expressed in an uncontrolled way.His speech loosed a tide of nationalist sentiment.

Plight: (n) A difficult and sad situation.The African elephant is in a desperate plight.

Inspire: (v) To make somebody have a particular feeling or emotion.The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm.

Mystery: (n) Something that is difficult to understand or to explain.It’s a complete mystery why they chose him a president.

Flash: (v) To shine very brightly for a short time; to make something shine in this way.The flashing blue lights of a police car.

Drill: (v) To make a hole in something, using a drill.He drilled through the wall by mistake.

Precede: (v) To happen before something or come before somebody/something in order.She preceded him out of the room.

Comment: (v) To express an opinion about something.I don’t want to comment on their decision.

Attribute: (v) To say or believe that somebody is responsible for doing something, especially for saying,writing or painting something

She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.Suspect: (n) A person who is suspected of a crime or of having done something wrong.

Suspecting nothing, he walked right into the trap.Ban: (v) To officially order somebody not to do something.

They had a campaign to ban smoking in public places.Safe and sound: (adj.) Not harmed, damaged, lost, etc.

He remained safe and sound after that disaster.Allege: (v) To state something as a fact but without giving proof.

He is alleged to have mistreated the prisoners.So-called: (adj.) Used to show that you do not think that the word or phrase that is being used to describesomebody/something is appropriate; doubtful.

They gave us the opinion of a so-called 'expert'

Unit 49 (Business Correspondence)Correspondence: (n) The activity of writing letters.

The editor welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject.Satisfactory: (adj.) Good enough for a particular purpose; acceptable.

He did not have any satisfactory reason to save himself.Safeguard: (n) Something that is designed to protect people from harm, risk or danger.

He is the in need of strong safeguard.Inconvenience: (n) Trouble or problems.

We apologize for the inconvenience.Voucher: (n) A printed piece of paper that can be used instead of money to pay for something, or thatallows you to pay less than the usual price of something.

When we got admission they gave us admission voucher in free.Annual: (adj.) Happening or done once every year.

The annual exams declare whether they are able to go to next class.Logistics: (n) The practical organization that is needed to make a complicated plan successful when a lot ofpeople and equipment is involved.Accommodation: (n) A place to live, work or stay in.

www.learnesl.net Agenda: (n) A list of items to be discussed at a meeting.Editorial: (adj.) Connected with the task of preparing something such as a newspaper, a book or atelevision or radio programme, to be published or broadcast.Further: (adv.) To a greater degree or extent.Good for you, them, etc.: (idiom) (especially Australian E. good on you, etc.) used to praise somebody fordoing something well/having something good.

Unit 50 (Relatives)Museum: (n) A building in which objects of artistic, cultural, historical or scientific interest are kept andshown to the public.

The museum was destroyed by earthquake.Mural: (n) A large painting, done on a wall, sometimes on an outside wall of a building.

They kept the mural in a safe and sound place.Cable car: (n) A vehicle that is pulled by a moving cable and carries passengers up and down a mountain.

The cable car broke down in the eveningSouvenir: (n) when you bring back something for other people you have been on holiday/vacation.

They brought us souvenir from Afghanistan.Knowledgeable: (adj.) Knowing a lot.

Discussion testes well with a knowledgeable person.Subway: (n) An underground railway/railroad system in a city.

The New York subway is very long.Delicious: (adj.) Having a very pleasant taste or smell.

It was a delicious food honestly.Candy: (n) Sweet food made of sugar and/or chocolate, eaten between meals.

He likes candy a lot .Wharf: (n) A flat structure built beside the sea or a river where boats can be tied up and goods unloaded.

The wharf was broken down by heavy storm.Regards: (n) Used to send greetings at the end of a letter, or sending wishing to sb.

He was driving so fast without regard to speed limit.Recommend: (v) To suggest sb that sth is good or useful

He recommended him to go to doctor about his disease.Potter: (n) A person who makes clay pots by hand.

I saw potter walking down the street with his friends.Romance: (n) Love or the feeling of being in love.

They had a whirlwind romance.

Assignment: Look up the following words in dictionary and write their definitions down. Museum: (n) __________________________________________.Souvenir: (n) __________________________________________.Wharf: (n) ____________________________________________.Recommend :( v) _______________________________________.Potter: (n) ____________________________________________.Romance: (n) _________________________________________.Fill in the blanks with the words given inside parenthesis. (Plight, assassinated, attribute, preceding,mystery, suspect, evacuated, herald, instrument and inconvenience)

1. I have already been put to considerable ____________.2. He is the prime __________in the case.3. The committee refused to ___________blame without further information.4. It had happened during the __________year.5. Their motives remain a__________.6. They had the _________of the homeless which was quite a terrible condition. 7. Families were ____________ to safer parts of the city.8. The government claims that the fall in unemployment is ___________the of economic recovery.9. The prime minister was ____________by extremists.10. The law is not the best ____________for dealing with family matters.

Match the 10 words in Column I with the definition in Column II._____1. Soar a) The act of killing yourself deliberately_____2. Gale b) To look quickly at something/somebody

www.learnesl.net _____3. Torrential c) To feel a series of regular painful movements_____4. Device d) To rise quickly and smoothly up into the air_____5. Glance e) A bomb or weapon that will explode_____6. Throb f) Falling in large amounts_____7. Suicide g) To succeed in doing or completing something_____8. Accomplish h) An extremely strong wind_____9. Conceal j) A device that makes a very strong beam of controlled light_____10. Laser k) To hide somebody or something

Unit 51 (Describing things)Calm down: (Phrasal Verb) To become or make somebody calm.

They made him calm down after the quarrel they had on property.Description: (n) A piece of writing or speech that says what somebody/something is like; the act of writingor saying in words what somebody/something is like.

The teacher gave us the description of the procedure.Vehicle: (n) A thing that is used for transporting people or goods from one place to another, such as a caror lorry/truck.

The vehicles make noise and a lot of dirt.Stripe: (n) A long narrow line of color that is a different color from the areas next to it.

A zebra's body has black and white stripes.Dent: (n) A hollow place in a hard surface usually caused by something hitting it.

There was large dent in the passenger door of a bus.Fender: (n) A part of a car that is above a wheel.

The fender was repaired by the mechanic.Illegal: (adj.) Not allowed by the law.

We must not approve the illegal rights of everyone.Real estate agent: (n) Estate agent; Realtor; a person whose job is to sell houses and land for people.

His father is a real estate agent.Terrific: (adj.) Excellent; wonderful; very large; very great.

He did a terrific job while he was in the ground.Arrowhead: (n) The sharp pointed end of an arrow.

The man was killed by an arrowhead shovel.Split: (n) A division between two or more things.

She split the class into groups of four.Trim: (n) Material that is used to decorate clothes, furniture, cars, etc.

The hedges of chair needs a trim.Country-style: (adj.) (country= any area outside towns and cities, with fields, woods, farms, etc.)

The country-side people hardly can tolerate in big cities.Yard: (n) An area outside a building, usually with a hard surface and a surrounding wall.

The children were playing in the yard at the front of the school.Acre: (n) A unit for measuring an area of land; 4840 square YARDS or about 4050 square meters.

His house was built on two acre land.Average: (adj.) Typical or normal; ordinary; not special.

His average typing speed is 40WPM.Brass: (n) A bright yellow metal made by mixing COPPER and ZINC; objects made of brass.

They had a brass plate which is lost now.Attaché case: (n) A small hard flat case used for carrying business documents.

The attaché case is more comfortable in the journey than a suit case.Initials: (n) The first letters of all of a person's names.

The initial of match was quite boring.Imagine: (v) To form a picture in your mind of what something might be like.

They were imagining about your hair style when you came.Oval: (adj.) Shaped like an egg.

We have and oval shaped earth.Pale: (adj.) Light in color; containing a lot of white.

His pale hair was looking so nice.Plain: (adj.) Without marks or a pattern on it.

The plain land is quite good for a play ground.Polka-dotted: (adj.) Having many dots that together form a pattern, especially on fabric.

www.learnesl.net Her polka dotted dress was looking marvelous.

Sure thing: (Idiom) Used to say 'yes' to a suggestion or request.'Are you coming to party darling?' 'Sure thing.'

Unit 52 (Describing people)Teens: (n) The years of a person's life when they are between 13 and 19 years old.

He had marvelous time in his teens.Figure: (n) The shape of the human body that is attractive.

The final figure looks like being much higher than predicted.Wavy: (adj.) Having curves; not straight.

His wavy hair and her curly hair made me astonished.Oval-shaped: (adj.) Shaped like an egg.

Her oval shaped face looked ugly in the mirror.Eyelash: (n) One of the hairs growing on the edge of the eyelids.

Her eyelashes were as beautiful as a diamond.Olive-skinned: (adj.) Having skin yellowish-brown in color.

The woman who was having olive-skinned face was pretty.Dimple: (n) A small hollow place in the skin, especially in the cheek or chin.

She had a dimple which appeared when she smiled.Casual: (n) Informal clothes or shoes.

She changed into flat casuals before walking round the town.Talkative: (adj.) Liking to talk a lot.

He is a talkative person.Slim: (adj.) Thin, in a way that is attractive.

He looks slim and smart like a hero.Plump: (adj.) Having a round body; slightly fat.

I saw the plump man walking down the street.Well-built: (adj.) Having a soft, round body; slightly fat.

The well-built body is liked by everyone.Broad-shouldered: (adj.) Having broad shoulders.

He saw a broad-shouldered man.Overweight: (adj.) Too heavy and fat.

The overweight candidate was medically unfit for the job.Big-boned: (adj.) Having big bones.

Most of the big-boned wrestlers are cheered a lot.Petite: (adj.) (of a girl, woman or her figure) small and thin.

My mother does not like petite persons.Skinny: (adj.) Very thin, especially in a way that you find unpleasant or ugly.

The skinny person was taken out of the room by doctor.Blond: (adj.) Pale gold in color.

His blond hair seems so beautiful.Dyed: (adj.) Colored

The dyed hair gets weak soon.Redhead: (n) A person who has red hair.

No one likes to be redhead in our family.Curly: (adj.) Having a lot of curls or a curved shape.

He always praises his curly hair.Parted on the left: (adj.) (Part=to divide your hair into two sections with a comb, creating a line that goesfrom the back of your head to the front)

The parted on the left hair style of thief got him in trouble..Windblown: (adj.) In a shape determined by the winds.

The windblown hair style is quite unusal.Braid: (n) (AmE PLAIT) a long piece of something, especially hair that is divided into three parts andwoven together.

The general's uniform was trimmed with gold braid.Bang: (n) (AmE FRINGE) the front part of somebody's hair that is cut so that it hangs over their forehead.

Suddenly there was a loud bang and a puff of smoke.Sweep back: (Phrasal Verb) To brush, comb, etc. your hair back.

The way he sweeps back his hair, I like it a lot.

www.learnesl.net Ponytail: (n) A bunch of hair tied at the back of the head so that it hangs like a horse's tail.

Her ponytail was so nice and long.Bald (man): (adj.) Having little or no hair on the head.

The bald man was caught by thieves.Recede: (v) To stop growing at the front of the head.

The sound of the truck receded into the distance.Cheekbone: (n) The bone below the eye.

His cheekbone was broken by s strong punch.Forehead: (n) The part of the face above the eyes and below the hair.

His forehead was so big that made him ugly.Roman nose: (n) A nose that curves out at the top.

The woman with Roman nose is standing in the corner.Flat: (adj.) Broad but not very high.

You can get a flat stomach after exercising.Cleft chin: (n) Chin with a natural crack.

Do you like having cleft chin?Pointed: (adj.) Having a sharp end.

The pointed arrow killed the man.Double chin: (n) A fold of fat under a person's chin, that looks like another chin

He has double chin which is quite amazing.Sideburns: (n) Hair that grows down the sides of a man's face in front of his ears.

He gives new style every week to his sideburns.With stubble: (n). (Stubble=the short stiff hairs that grow on a man's face when he has not shaved recently)

I saw the man with stubbles going to shop.Beauty mark/spot: (n) A small dark spot on a woman's face, which used to be thought to make her morebeautiful.

I love the beauty mark you have on your cheek.Mole: (n) A small dark brown mark on the skin, sometimes slightly higher than the skin around it.

Her mole on cheek made her look prettier.Freckle: (n) A small, pale brown spot on a person's skin, especially on their face, caused by the sun.

The freckle made her look worse.Wrinkle: (n) A line or small fold in your skin, especially on your face, that forms as you get older.

The wrinkle around his neck show how old he is.Reserved: (adj.) Slow or unwilling to show feelings or express opinions.

She has a reserved manner which a good quality.Moody: (adj.) Having moods that change quickly and often; bad-tempered or upset.

He is a moody person I met in the New York.Sociable: (adj.) Enjoying spending time with other people.

I like to be a sociable person.Sophisticated: (adj.) Able to understand difficult or complicated ideas

Our science teacher is sophisticated person.Cheerful: (adj.) Happy and showing it by the way that you behave.

His cheerful attitude is quite good.Reliable: (adj.) That can be trusted to do something well; that you can rely on.

He is a reliable person and you can trust him.Aggressive: (adj.) Angry, and behaving in a threatening way; ready to attack.

We must not be an aggressive person because it not good.Shy: (adj.) Nervous or embarrassed about meeting and speaking to other people.

She was too shy to ask anyone for help.Suntanned: (adj.) Having a brown skin color as a result of being in the sun.

I know him by his suntanned face.Scruffy: (adj.) Dirty or untidy.

He looked a little scruffy.Conservative: (adj.) Opposed to great or sudden social change; showing that you prefer traditional stylesand values.

The conservative views of his parents can help us in living a good life.Elegant: (adj.) Attractive and designed well.

She was tall and elegant looking heroin.

www.learnesl.net Unit 53 (Presidential debate)

Debate: (n) A formal discussion of an issue at a public meeting or in a parliament.They had a debate over the problem of Kashmir.

How come? : (idiom) Used to ask the reason for something.'I think you owe me some money.' 'How come?'

Expense: (n) The money that you spend on something.The students’ expense is getting more and more.

Florist’s: (n) A shop/store that sells flowers and plants.I've ordered some flowers from the florist's.

Fair: (adj.) Treating everyone equally and according to the rules or law.His fair behavior is a quality of a good person.

.Economy: (n) The relationship between production, trade and the supply of money in a particular countryor region.

The economy of Pakistan is in recession now-a-days.Repeal: (n) An official or legal cancellation.

The repeal in laws can bring new changes in our country.Revenue: (n) The money that a government receives from taxes or that an organization, etc. receives fromits business.

The revenue of a country depends on its economy.Cent: (n) A coin and unit of money worth 1% of the main unit of money in many countries, for example; ofthe US dollar.

Do you have a cent to insert it in coin slot?Gallon: (n) A unit for measuring liquid. In the UK it is equal to about 4.5 liters; in the US it is equal toabout 3.8 liters.

The person stole the truck which was carrying lots of gallons of oil.Manufacturer: (n) A person or company that produces goods in large quantities.

The manufacturer always works harder than others.Folks: (n) People from a particular country or region, or who have a particular way of life.

I'd like a job working with old folk or kids.Proposal: (n) Formal suggestion or plan; the act of making a suggestion.

His proposal was rejected soon after the meeting.Platform: (n) The aims of a political party and the things that they say they will do if they are elected topower.

No body knew where the platform was except me.If it’s not one thing, it’s another!To get someone or something back on its feet: (idiom) to bring in a normal state again after an illness or atime of trouble.A bunch of things: (n) A large amount or number of something.

He was holding a bunch of things in his hand.To get something moving (again): (idiom) To cause something to make progress.

He got the Islamic revolution moving.Domestic: (adj.) Of or inside a particular country; not foreign or international.

The outsiders are not allowed to enter the domestic camp.Permanent: (adj.) Lasting for a long time or for all time in the future; existing all the time.

He is the permanent resident of Quetta.Budget: (n) The money that is available to a person or an organization and a plan of how it will be spentover a period of time.

The budget was not sufficient for the whole year.Bipartisan: (adj.) Involving two political parties.

What do you think a bipartisan policy can help us solve this problem?Tougher: (adj.) Having or causing problems or difficulties.

The exams are getting tougher and tougher.Reduce: (v) To make something less or smaller in size, quantity, price, etc.

They reduced the amount of oil.Nuclear: (adj.) Using, producing or resulting from nuclear energy.

The nuclear agency must be at a safe place.Deficit: (n) The amount by which money spent or owed is greater than money earned in a particular periodof time.

www.learnesl.net The deficit in the budget can bring lots of objection.

Treat: (v) To behave in a particular way towards somebody/something.Decline: (v) To become smaller, fewer, weaker, etc.

The poverty rate can decline only and only by providing good jobs.Expand: (v) To become greater in size, number or importance; to make something greater in size, numberor importance.

We must expend the program’s activities.

Unit 54 (Do it yourself)Sponsor: (n) To arrange for something official to take place.

He sponsored me as a brother in case of vise.Wheelchair: (n) A special chair with wheels, used by people who cannot walk because of illness, anaccident, etc.

The wheelchair made me look unhappy.Vocational: (adj.) Connected with the skills, knowledge, etc. that you need to have in order to do aparticular job.

The vocational activities surprised me.Wiring: (n) The system of wires that is used for supplying electricity to a building or machine.

The wiring of our house was quite unusual.Plumbing: (n) The work of a plumber.

The plumber fixes the problem in some minutes.(Plumber =a person whose job is to fit and repair things such as water pipes, toilets, etc.)Carpentry: (n) The work of a carpenter.

No body knows where they can learn carpentry.(Carpenter = a person whose job is making and repairing wooden objects and structures)Disabled: (adj.) Unable to use a part of your body completely or easily because of a physical condition,illness, injury, etc.

He was a disabled man with wheelchair who made me surprised.Ramp: (n) A slope that joins two parts of a road, path, building, etc. when one is higher than the other.

The ramp made me look uneasy when I drive.Plug in: (v) To connect a piece of electrical equipment to the main supply of electricity or to another pieceof electrical equipment.

He plugged the wire in without telling.Appliance: (n) A machine that is designed to do a particular thing in the home, such as preparing food,heating or cleaning.

The appliances can help us a lot.Convert: (v) To change or make something change from one form, purpose, system, etc. to another.

The hotel is going to be converted into a nursing home.Workshop: (n) A room or building in which things are made or repaired using tools or machinery.

They had a poetry workshop last week.Conversion: (n) The act or process of changing something from one form, use or system to another.

The conversion of new system may take some time.Swinging door: (n) (Swing door); A door that you can open in either direction and that closes itself whenyou stop holding it open.

Have you ever seen these kinds of swinging doors before?Install: (v) To fix equipment or furniture into position so that it can be used.

They were able to install it successfully.Beeper: (n) A small electronic device that you carry around with you and that lets you know when sb istrying to contact you, by making a sound.

The beeper was broken and no one could fix it.Do-it-yourself: (n) DIY; the activity of making, repairing or decorating things in the home yourself, insteadof paying somebody to do it.

Have you heard of the program do-it-yourself?There was no way we could afford that. (There is no way= used to say that there is no possibility that youwill do something or that something will happen) (idiom).

After listening to the seller at show room there was no way we could afford that car.Unit 55 (Be careful!)

Irrigation: (n) Supplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc.The gardener may take some time in irrigation.

www.learnesl.net Employee: (n) A person who is paid to work for somebody.

The employees were having demonstration against the government.Avoid: (v) To keep away from somebody/something; to try not to do something.

We must avoid accidents while driving.Infection: (n) The act or process of causing or getting a disease.

The infection which was serious caused death.Shot: (n) A small amount of a drug that is put into your body using a SYRINGE.

He had two shots after being very sick.Yellow fever: (n) An infectious tropical disease that makes the skin turn yellow and often causes death.

Asad’s uncle had yellow fever.Prevent: (v) To stop somebody from doing something; to stop something from happening.

We must not allow accidents happen and should prevent them.Exhaustion: (n) The state of being very tired.

Her face was grey with exhaustion.Adequate: (adj.) Enough in quantity, or good enough in quality, for a particular purpose or need.

The room was small but adequate.Dehydrate: (v) To lose too much water from your body.

Runners can dehydrate very quickly in this heat.Sunstroke: (n) An illness with fever, weakness, headache, etc. caused by too much direct sunlight,especially on the head.

He had sunstroke that’s why he didn’t come to party.Custom: (n) The way a person always behaves; a habit or practice.

It was her custom to rise early.Offend: (v) To make somebody feel upset because of something you say or do that is rude or embarrassing.

They'll be offended if you don't go to their wedding.Host: (n) A person who invites guests to a meal, a party, etc. or who has people staying at their house.

The college is playing host to a group of visiting Russian scientists.Contamination: (n) The state of being contaminated.(Contaminate= (v) to make a substance or place dirty or no longer pure by adding a substance that isdangerous or carries disease)

The contamination of radioactive waves caused him death.Hazard: (n) Thing that can be dangerous or cause damage.

Everybody is aware of the hazards of smoking.Expose: (v) To put somebody/something in a place or situation where they are not protected fromsomething harmful or unpleasant.

He did expose himself before the drama.Moisture: (n) Very small drops of water that is present in the air, on a surface or in a substance.

The pitch had a lot of moisture in it.Utensil: (n) A tool that is used in the house.

Their kitchen utensils were quite new.Scratch: (v) To damage the surface of sth, especially accidentally, by making thin shallow marks on it.

Let me scratch the card before he comes.Interval: (n) A period of time between two events.

The interval of the film was very interesting.Suffocation: (n) Killing by depriving of oxygen.

He was dead by suffocation.(Suffocate= (v) to die because there is no air to breathe; to kill somebody by not letting them breathe air :)

Unit 56 (A new way of life)Assignment: Look up the following words/expressions in dictionary and write their definitions down.

*Correspondent, *Dropouts, *Give up, *Publishing, *Executive (n), *Remote, *Hectic,*Earn a living, *Dawn to dark, *Led, *Assembly line, *Monotonous, *Routine, *Robot, *Freighter, *Lastlong, *React, *Tremendous, *Settle down, *Heading, *The rat race, *Big surprise, *A way of life.

Unit 57 (Last of the airships?)Airship: (n) A large aircraft without wings, filled with a gas which is lighter than air, and driven byengines.

The air ship was built to carry cargo and passengers.

www.learnesl.net Float: (v) To move slowly on water or in the air.

The airship floated majestically over Pacific Ocean.Majestically: (adv.) In a majestic manner. (Majestic=Impressive because of size or beauty)

The airship floated majestically over Pacific Ocean.Uneventful: (adj.) In which nothing interesting, unusual or exciting happens. After the uneventful incident of airship, people started not use it again.On board: (idiom) On or in a ship, an aircraft or a train.

Have the passengers gone on board yet?Season: (n) A period of time during a year when a particular activity happens or is done.

The hotels are always full during the peak season. (= when most people are on holidays )Greet: (v) To say hello to sb or to welcome them.

He greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived.Commentator: (n) A person who describes an event while it is happening, especially on television or radio.

The commentator was telling us each and everything on radio about the match.Scream: (v) To give a loud, high cry, because you are hurt, frightened, excited, etc.

He screamed with joy to tell others I‘ve passed the test.Flame: (n) A hot bright stream of burning gas that comes from sth that is on fire.

The flames were growing higher and higher.Flash: (v) To shine very brightly for a short time; to make sth shine in this way.

Start crossing when the green WALK sign starts to flash.Disintegrate: (v) To break into small parts or pieces and be destroyed.

The plane disintegrated as it fell into the sea.Series: (n) Several events or things of a similar kind that happen one after the other.

The movie consisted of a series of flashbacks.Distance: (n) The amount of space between two places or things.

What's the distance between New York City and Boston?Luxury: (n) The enjoyment of special and expensive things, particularly food and drink, clothes andsurroundings.

Now we'll be able to live in luxury for the rest of our lives.Cabin: (n) A small room on a ship in which you live or sleep.

The thief was found from the cabins.Amenity: (n) A feature that makes a place pleasant, comfortable or easy to live in.

The campsite is close to all local amenities.First-class: (n) The best and most expensive seats or accommodation on a train, ship, etc.

The cabins of the ships were furnished first-class.Bar: (n) A place where you can buy and drink alcoholic and other drinks.

There was a bar in the ship too.Lounge: (n) A public room in a hotel, club, etc. for waiting or relaxing in.

The lounges in which we were staying were quite small.Grand piano: (n) A large piano in which the strings are horizontal.

There was nothing so interesting but the grand piano.Rival: (v) To be as good, impressive, etc. as sb/sth else.

Golf cannot rival football for excitement.Liner: (n) A large ship that carries passengers.

The luxury cruise liner floated passed us while we were traveling.Circus: (n) A group of entertainers, sometimes with trained animals, who perform skilful or amusing acts ina show that travels around to different places.

We did not visit the circus in Quetta.Incident: (n) A serious or violent event, such as a crime, an accident or an attack.

After the uneventful incident of airship, people started not use it again.Flammable: (adj.) That can catch fire and burn easily.

The container was carrying highly flammable liquids / materials.Precaution: (n) Something that is done in advance in order to prevent problems or to avoid danger.

I'll keep the letter as a precaution.Sabotage: (n) The act of doing deliberate damage to equipment, transport, machines, etc. to prevent anenemy from using them or to protest about sth.

Police investigating the train derailment have not ruled out sabotage.Ignite: (v) To start to burn; to make sth start to burn.

Gas ignites very easily.

www.learnesl.net Static electricity: (n) Electricity that gathers on or in an object which cannot conduct a current.

My hair gets full of static electricity when I brush it.Mooring rope: (n) The ropes, chains, etc. by which a ship or boat is moored.

The boat slipped its mooring rope and drifted out to sea.(Moor= (v) to attach a boat, ship, etc. to a fixed object or to the land with a rope)Fatality: (n) A death that is caused in an accident or a war or by some other act of violence.

A campaign to reduce the number of fatalities on the roads.Consider: (v) To think of sb/sth in a particular way.

Let us consider the facts.Proposition: (n) An idea or a plan of action that is suggested, especially in business.

I'd like to put a business proposition to you.Wreck: (v) To damage a ship so much that it sinks or can no longer sail.

The road was blocked with wrecked cars.Scrap: (v) To cancel or get rid of something that is no longer practical or useful.

The oldest of the aircraft were scrapped.

Unit 58 (Eating out)Attract: (v) To make somebody/something come somewhere or take part in something.

I had always been attracted by the idea of working abroadMill: (n) A building fitted with machinery for grinding grain into flour.

We have a steel mill who knows everything.Decor: (n) The style in which the inside of a building is decorated.

The restaurant's elegant new decor looked marvelous.Charming: (adj.) Very pleasant or attractive.

She's a charming person.Consist: (v) To have something as the main or only part or feature.

Their diet consisted largely of vegetables.Tender: (adj.) Easy to bite through and cut; not tough.

He left home at the tender age of 15.Pork: (n) Meat from a pig.

Do you want to have a leg of pork in your lunch?Sausage: (n) A mixture of finely chopped meat, fat, bread, etc. in a long tube of skin, cooked and eatenwhole or served cold in thin slices.

Did you bring me beef / pork sausages?Reheat: (v) To heat cooked food again after it has been left to go cold.

The sausages were reheated by me.Overcook: (v) To cook food for too long.

Don’t let the foods get overcook?Exception: (n) A thing that does not follow a rule.

They hadn’t given us any exception.Crisp: (n) A thin round slice of potato that is fried until hard then dried and eaten cold.

Bake until the pastry is golden and crisp.Chowder: (n) A thick soup made with fish and vegetables.

They had clam chowder in hotel last night.Distinction: (n) A clear difference or contrast especially between people or things that are similar orrelated.

There was no distinction given in the definitions.Sauce: (n) A thick liquid that is eaten with food to add flavour to it.

Chicken in a white wine sauce testes good.Creamery: (n) A place where milk and cream are made into butter and cheese.

The creamery was full of people when I went there.Diner: (n) A small, usually cheap, restaurant.

Our diner is not quite comfortable for the people.Journal: (n) A newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or profession.

The British Medical Journal contains good information.Chain: (n) A series of connected things or people.

She was wearing a short length of chain.Impersonal: (adj.) Lacking friendly human feelings or atmosphere; making you feel unimportant.

Have you reserved an impersonal hotel room?

www.learnesl.net Incredibly: (adv.) extremely; in a way that is very difficult to believe.

She was incredibly lucky to win the match.Reasonably: (adv.) To a degree that is fairly good but not very good; in a logical and sensible way; in afair way.

She seems reasonably happy in her new job.Bland: (adj.) Not having a strong or interesting taste.

After the meeting, a bland statement was issued.Relish: (n) A cold thick spicy sauce made from fruit and vegetables that have been boiled, served with meat,cheese, etc.

She served us beef with a relish.Ingredient: (n) One of the things from which sth is made, especially one of the foods that are used togetherto make a particular dish.

Did you mix all the ingredients in a bowl?Flavoring: (n) A substance added to food or drink to give it a particular flavour.

This food contains no artificial flavourings.Shy away from: (Phrasal Verb) To avoid doing sth because you are nervous or frightened.

Ali never shied away from his responsibilities.Count on sb/sth: (Phrasal Verb) To trust sb to do sth or to be sure that sth will happen.

I'm sure he'll help.' 'Don't count on it.'In and out: (idiom) Going regularly to a place.

He was in and out of jail for most of his life.

Unit 59(The Washington, DC Metro) Assignment: Look up the following words/expressions in dictionary and write their definitions down.*Fare card *Gallery * Landmark * Slot * Vending machine * color-coded * It is about the same.

Unit 60 (The Six O’clock News)March: (v) To walk through the streets in a large group in order to protest about sth.

The soldiers marched away while they were marching.Protest: (v) To say or do sth to show that you disagree with or disapprove of sth, especially publicly.

The protesters were protesting against the government.Protester: (n) A person who makes a public protest.

The protesters were protesting against the government.Estimated: (adj.) Calculated approximately.

They estimated Ali to win the match.Mayor: (n) The head of the government of a town or city, etc., elected by the public.

London has elected its new mayor.Project: (n) A planned piece of work that is designed to find information about sth, to produce sth new, orto improve sth.

To set up a project to computerize the library system was very good.Site: (n) A place where sth has happened or that is used for sth.

A site has been chosen for the new school.Deserted: (adj.) With no people in.

The office was completely deserted.Official: (n) A person who is in a position of authority in a large organization.

Palace officials are refusing to comment on the royal divorce.Cracked: (adj.) Damaged with lines in its surface but not completely broken.

He has cracked a bone in his arm.Vibration: (n) A continuous shaking movement or feeling.

We could feel the vibrations from the trucks passing outside.Go into action: (idiom) To begin to do sth or behave in a particular way.

The new bats man will go into the action soon.Yacht: (n) A large sailing boat, often also with an engine and a place to sleep on board, used for pleasuretrips and racing.

The new yacht looked enormous when it was sailing.Capsize: (v) Turn over.

If a boat capsizes fast, anything can happen.Presume: (v) To suppose that sth is true, although you do not have actual proof.

www.learnesl.net They are very expensive, I presume?

Drown: (v) To die because you have been underwater too long and you cannot breathe.Two children drowned after falling into the river.

Chase: (n) An act of running or driving after sb/sth in order to catch them.The thieves were caught by police after a short chase.

Alert: (v) To warn sb about a dangerous or urgent situation.Neighbours quickly alerted the emergency services.

Anonymous: (adj.) With a name that is not known or that is not made public.The money was donated by a local businessman who wishes to remain anonymous.

Gang: (n) An organized group of criminals; a group of young people who spend a lot of time together andoften cause trouble or fight against other groups.

A four-man gang carried out the robbery.Armed: (adj.) Carrying a weapon, especially a gun.

The armed forces killed the man.Touchdown: (n) (in rugby) an act of scoring points by putting the ball down on the area of ground behindthe other team's goal line.

He was successful to make a touchdown.Raider: (n) A person who makes a criminal raid on a place.

Nobody would like to be a raider. (Raid= (n) a short surprise attack on an enemy by soldiers, ships or aircraft; a surprise visit by the policelooking for criminals or for illegal goods or drugs)Pirate: (n) A person on a ship who attacks other ships at sea in order to steal from them.

The pirates made us run.Field goal: (n) (in American football or rugby) a goal scored by kicking the ball over the bar of the goal.

The field goal was scored by me.

Unit 61 (All the good news)Convention: (n) Conference; a large meeting of the members of a profession, a political party, etc.

They were all present on the convention.Author: (n) A person who writes books or the person who wrote a particular book.

The author was awarded by a noble prize.Congenital: (adj.) (of a disease or medical condition) existing since or before birth.

His congenital abnormalities had a lot of troubles for us.Defect: (n) A fault in something or in the way it has been made which means that it is not perfect.

We couldn’t find any defect in the glass.Convalescence: (n) A period of time when you get well again after an illness or a medical operation; theprocess of getting well.

You need four to six weeks' convalescence.Legislator: (n) A member of a group of people that has the power to make laws.

We found the legislators guilty.Treasury: (n) The government department that controls public money.

He works at the treasury department.Surplus: (n) An amount that is extra or more than you need.

Our wheat was in surplus that year.Accomplishment: (n) An impressive thing that is done or achieved after a lot of work.

The accomplishment of the plane took almost two years.Deficit: (n) The amount by which money spent or owed is greater than money earned in a particular periodof time.

The deficit in money caused us borrow more.Soybean: (n) A type of bean, originally from SE Asia that is used instead of meat or animal protein in sometypes of food.

Have you ever seen a soybean in Afghanistan?Harvest: (n) The crops, or the amount of crops, cut and gathered.

Farmers are extremely busy during the harvest.Minimum: (adj.) The smallest that is possible or allowed; extremely small.

The minimum percentage for passing the test is 70%.Bushels: (n) A large amount of something.

The formers had gathered a lot of bushels of grain.Claim: (v) To say that something is true although it’s not been proved and other people may not believe it.

www.learnesl.net He was claiming for his bag at the luggage counter in the air port.

Depressed: (adj.) Very sad and without hope.The teacher looked quite depressed after the incident.

Restrict: (v) To limit the size, amount or range of something.They prisoners are all restricted in one area.

Porcine: (adj.) Like a pig; connected with pigs.I really hate the people who have the porcine habit.

Decade: (n) A period of ten years, especially a period such as 1910-1919 or 1990-1999.It has been a decade that we have never been to foreign.

Contract: (n) An official written agreement.Did you sign the contract which was about work?

Trend: (n) A general direction in which a situation is changing or developing.There is a growing trend towards earlier retirement.

Species: (n) A group into which animals, plants, etc. that are able to breed with each other are divided.There are many species of dog(s).

Recuperate: (v) To get back your health, strength or energy after being ill/sick, tired, injured, etc.He's still recuperating from his operation.

Decline: (n) A continuous decrease in the number, value, quality, etc. of something.The decline poverty rate in our country is a good sign.

Auspices: (n) Help, support or protection.The community centre was set up under the auspices of a government initiative.

Under the auspices of sb/sth: (idiom) With the help, support or protection of somebody/something.It would be a great honor to work under your auspices with zeal and zest.

In view of: (idiom) considering something.In view of the weather, the event will now be held indoors.

Put pen to paper: (idiom) To write or start to write something.It’s a great opportunity to put pen to paper in order to express my feelings.

Unit 62 (The company picnic)How did it go?: Used to ask about how well or badly sth made progress.

After coming back for vocation everyone in the office was asking, how did it go?Let’s not talk shop /talk business: (Talk shop= (idiom) to talk about your work with the people you workwith, especially when you are also with other people who are not connected with or interested in it.)

In order to get right down to business let’s not talk shop.The facts and figures: (idiom) Accurate and detailed information.

Would you mind telling me about the fact and figures about the fatalities of incident?Employee: (n) A person who is paid to work for somebody.

Remember! You are here only and only an employee.Barbecue: (n) An outdoor meal or party when food is cooked over an open fire.

The barbecue was prepared quite well and I couldn’t stop eating more and more.Drop by: (Phrasal Verb) To pay an informal visit to a person or a place.

My wife had a dropped by at her parent last week.Fabulous: (adj.) Extremely good; very great.

He scored a fabulous goal in the match.Demand: (n) Very firm request for something.

They are demanding for some new tools to work with.Memo: (memorandum) (n) an official note from one person to another in the same organization.

The memo was to insure that I should bring all the required documents for test.Rib: (n) A piece of meat with one or more bones from the ribs of an animal.

The butcher was well aware of the rib and he gave me the same.Conduct: (v) To organize or do a particular activity.

They conducted a mini test at school.

Unit 63 (New on the job)Maintenance: (n) The act of keeping sth in good condition by checking or repairing it regularly.

The maintenance of the car was done very well.Locker: (n) A small cupboard that can be locked, where you can leave your clothes, bags, etc.

Someone has broken into my locker.Personnel: (n) The department in a company that deals with employing and training people.

www.learnesl.net The army personnel were sent down to the flood affected areas.

Convenient: (adj.) Useful, easy or quick to do; not causing problems.The car we bought was quite convenient.

Workbench: (n) A long heavy table used for doing practical jobs, working with tools, etc.The workbench broke into pieces after the earthquake.

Stool: (n) A seat with legs but with nothing to support your back or arms.Did you repair the stool Javed?

Tool: (n) An instrument such as a hammer, screwdriver, saw, etc. that you hold in your hand and use formaking things, repairing things, etc.

I need to pick up all my tools to fix the car.Solvent: (n) A substance, especially a liquid that can dissolve another substance.

He had given me industrial solvents for removing oil.Supply room: (n) Room where the things such as food, medicines, fuel, etc. that are needed by a group ofpeople are available.

The supply room was full of stuffs.Screwdriver: (n) A tool with a narrow blade that is specially shaped at the end, used for turning screws.

Do we need any screwdriver to fix it?Steam: (n) The hot gas that water changes into when it boils.

The steam of the water burnt me.Requisition: (n) A formal, official written request or demand for something.

The requisition of Habib Bank Limitted was about the payment of employees.Approve: (v) To think that somebody/something is good, acceptable or suitable.

The government official had approved the budget for Quetta.

Unit 64 (A change for the better?)Assignment: Look up the following words/expressions in dictionary and write their definitions down.*In one way or another *Pierce *Stud *Unique *Sparta *Equipped *Tattoo *Hygienic *Non-toxic *Pound*Do your self a favor *Premature *Advisory *Surgeon *Unsightly * Facelift *Liposuction *Client *Contactlens *Optical *Obligation *Consultation *Confidential

Assignment:Fill in the blanks with the words given inside parenthesis. (Tattoo, maintenance, optical, solvent,requisition, hygienic, clients, consultation, convenient and Premature)

1. She has a_____________ of a tiger on her shoulder.2. Because of injury, her playing career came to a_________ end in 1998.3. I saw Javed carrying the file about the ___________of ships by the government.4. The kitchen didn't look very___________.5. My friend is a well-known lawyer with many famous ___________.6. The decision was taken after close ___________with local residents.7. Astrologists use __________instruments such as microscopes and telescopes.8. He bought __________cleaners for the office use.9. Fruit is a ___________source of vitamins and energy.10. The school pays for heating and the ______________of the buildings.

Match the 10 words in Column I with the definition in Column II._____ 1. Auspices a) To organize or do a particular activity_____ 2.Employee b) Like a pig; connected with pigs._____ 3.Conduct c) A person who writes books or the person who wrote a particularbook._____ 4. Species d) An amount that is extra or more than you need._____ 5. Porcine e) Help, support or protection._____ 6. Contract f) A group into which animals, plants, etc._____ 7. Accomplishment g) A person who is paid to work for somebody_____ 8. Deficit h)An impressive thing that is done or achieved after a lot of work._____ 9. Surplus j) The amount by which money spent or owed is greater than money

earned in a particular period of time._____10. Author k) An official written agreement.

www.learnesl.net Make meaningful sentences for the given words below.

1. Majestically___________________________________.2. Sabotage_____________________________________.3. Precaution____________________________________.4. Priates______________________________________.5. Anonymous___________________________________.6. Capsize______________________________________.7. Ingredient____________________________________.8. Distinction____________________________________.9. Consist______________________________________.10. Legislator___________________________________.

Unit 65 (Visual gossip)Visual: (adj.) Of or connected with seeing or sight.

I have a very good visual memory.Gossip: (n) A conversation about other people and their private lives.

Tell me something about all the latest gossips!Celebrity: (Celeb) (n) a famous person.

Our tonight’s celebrity in the show is Wasim Akram.Paparazzo: (plural Paparazzi) (n) Freelance photographer who pursues celebrities to photograph them.

The paparazzo was caught red handed.Tabloid: (n) A newspaper with small pages (usually half the size of those in larger papers).

The story made the front page in all the tabloids.Bribe: (v) To give somebody money or sth valuable in order to persuade them to help you, especially bydoing sth dishonest.

She was bribed into handing over secret information.Scandal: (n) Talk or reports about the shocking or immoral things that people have done or are thought tohave done.

There has been no hint of scandal during his time in office.Doorman: (n) Man, often in uniform, whose job is to stand at the entrance to a large building such as ahotel or a theatre, and open the door for visitors, find them taxis, etc.

The doorman was shot twice in the head.Dance the night away: (idiom) To dance for the whole evening or night.

It was one of my wishes to dance the night away with Salman Khan.Duchess: (n) The wife of a duke. (Duke=a male ruler of a small independent state.)

The duchess was taken to prison while found guilty.Jumpsuit: (n) A piece of clothing that consists of trousers/pants and a jacket or shirt sewn together in onepiece, worn especially by women.

The duchess was wearing a dump suit.Nightspot: (n) A place people go to for entertainment at night; nightclub.

I did not find them at a nightspot too.Senator: (n) A member of a senate.

The senator was assassinated by unknown guy.Thriller: (n) A book, play or film with an exciting story, especially one about crime or spying.

He is a very good thriller writer.Oscar: (Academy Award) (n) One of the awards given every year by the US Academy of Motion PictureArts and Sciences for achievement in the making of films/movies.

I had seen the Oscar nominees on TV last night..

Unit 66 (A message to the stars)Revolve: (v) To go in a circle around a central point.

The earth revolves around the sun.Fairly: (adv.) To some extent but not very.

I know him fairly well, but I wouldn't say we were really close friends.Milky Way galaxy: (n) The system of stars that contains our sun and its planets, seen as a bright band inthe night sky.

God Almighty has created the Milky Way galaxy.Speculation: (n) The act of forming opinions about what has happened or what might happen withoutknowing all the facts.

www.learnesl.net We had never studied anything about speculation.

Being: (n) A living creature.The human being is the greatest creature of God.

Perhaps: (adv.) Possibly.Perhaps, he would get the food from the hotel.

Frequency: (n) The number of radio waves for every second of a radio signal.We must have same frequency to talk to each other.

Alien: (adj.) Connected with creatures from another world.The alien forces were defeated badly.

Jupiter: (n) The largest planet of the Solar system, fifth in order of distance from the sun.The Jupiter is very far from earth.

Saturn: (n) A large planet in the Solar system that has rings around it and is 6th in order of distance fromthe sun.

The astrologist told us something about Saturn in the class.Uranus: (n) The planet in the Solar system that is 7th in order of distance from the sun.

The Uranus is of the planets we have in our solar system.Neptune: (n) A planet in the Solar system that is 8th in order of distance from the sun.

My uncle told me the story which was about Neptune.Plaque: (n) A flat piece of stone, metal, etc., usually with a name and dates on, attached to a wall inmemory of a person or an event.

A bronze plaque marks the house where the poet was born.Gesture: (n) A movement that you make with your hands, your head or your face to show a particularmeaning.

They communicated entirely by gesture.Interpret: (v) To translate one language into another as you hear it.

No one dares interpreting them.Disc: (n) CD; compact disc.

The disc was found under the window.Impression: (n) An idea, a feeling or an opinion that you get about sb/sth or that sb/sth gives you.

His first impression was the best.Ranging in style from … to…: To include a variety of different things in addition to those mentioned.

Unit 67 (It’s about time)Delay: (v) To not do sth until a later time or to make sth happen at a later time.

Thousands of commuters were delayed for over an hour.This is it: (idiom) The expected event is just going to happen; this is the main point.

Well, this is it! Wish me luck.A long weekend: (n) A holiday/vacation of three or four days from Friday or Saturday to Sunday orMonday.

Ali had a long weekend with lots of fun.

Unit 68 (The New York police force)Dim: (v) To make less strong.

The lights in the theatre dimmed as the curtain rose.Enthusiasm: (n) A strong feeling of excitement and interest in sth and a desire to become involved in it.

The news was greeted with a lack of enthusiasm by those at the meeting.Assembly: (n) The meeting together of a group of people for a particular purpose; a group of people whomeet together for a particular purpose.

The national assembly has voted to adopt the budget.Murder: (n) The crime of killing somebody deliberately.

She has been charged with the attempted murder of her husband.Armed: (adj.) Involving the use of weapons.

Police were heavily armed.Overdose: (v) To take too much of a drug at one time, so that it is dangerous.

He had overdosed on heroin.Canary: (n) A small yellow bird with a beautiful song, often kept in a cage as a pet.

Have you ever heard canary in your whole life?Conflict: (n) A situation in which people, groups or countries are involved in a serious disagreement orargument.

www.learnesl.net The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts.

Anonymous: (adj.) (abbreviation anon.)Written, given, made, etc. by sb who does not want their name tobe known or made public.

The money was donated by a local businessman who wishes to remain anonymous.Brutal: (adj.) Violent and cruel.

With brutal honesty she told him she did not love him.Villain: (n) A criminal.

The heroes and villains of the 20th centuryVictim: (n) A person, who has been attacked, injured or killed as the result of a crime, a disease, anaccident, etc.Compensate: (v) To provide sth good to balance or reduce the bad effects of damage, loss, etc.

Nothing can compensate for the loss of a loved one.Ex: (adj.) Former.

The children are spending the weekend with my ex -wife.Cop: (n) A police officer.

Children playing cops and robbersEntrance: (n) Permission to become a member of a club, society, university, etc.

I'll meet you at the main entrance.Only too happy to see you. (idiom) (only too= very)

After meeting you not only I am too happy to see you but also very glad.

Be no picnic: (idiom) To be difficult and cause a lot of problems.Let’s get rid of it that there should be no panic.

To measure up to a job: (Phrasal verb) Be capable of doing a job.The job failed to measure up to her expectations.

A sense of humor: (n) The quality in sth that makes it funny or amusing; the ability to laugh at things thatare amusing.

A person who has sense of humor will not be called cruel person.The stature for the job: (Stature=A person's height)

He is small in stature for this job.Earn every penny: (idiom) Earn all of the money

She's on a high salary but I'm sure she deserves every penny.Beat it! (idiom) To go away immediately

This is private land, so beat it!

Unit 69(The microchip revolution)Entire: (adj.) Including everything, everyone or every part.

I have never in my entire life heard such nonsense!Transistor: (n) A small electronic device used in computers, radios, televisions, etc. for controlling anelectric current as it passes along a circuit.

Nobody knows what had happened to the transistor.Circuit: (n) The complete path of wires and equipment along which an electric current flows.

The earth takes a year to make a circuit of (= go around) the sun.Component: (n) One of several parts of which sth is made.

The car component industry was burnt.Silicon: (n) (Symbol Si) A chemical element. Silicon exists as a grey solid or as a brown powder and isfound in rocks and sand. It is used in making glass and transistors.

Did you have silicon’s bottle with you?Dispute: (n) An argument or a disagreement between two people, groups or countries; discussion about asubject where there is disagreement.

They had dispute over the property.Patent right: (n) An official right to be the only person to make, use or sell a product or an invention; adocument that proves this.

It was my patent right to go after him.Eventually: (adv.) At the end of a period of time or a series of events.

Eventually, I came to know about their secrecy.Integrated circuit: (n) A small microchip that contains a large number of electrical connections andperforms the same function as a larger circuit made from separate parts.

I bought a new integrated circuit.

www.learnesl.net Microchip: (n) (also chip) A very small piece of a material that is a semiconductor, used to carry acomplicated electronic circuit.

We have studied the lesson about micro chip.Tiny: (adj.) Very small in size or amount.

Only a tiny minority hold such extreme views.Dense: (adj.) Containing a lot of people, things, plants, etc. with little space between them.

How can you live in areas of dense population?Miniature: (adj.) Very small; much smaller than usual.

It looks like a miniature version of James Bond's car.Pacemaker: (adj.) An electronic device that is put inside a person's body to help their heart beat regularly.

A RAM can be called pacemaker electronic device.Complexity: (n) The state of being formed of many parts; the state of being difficult to understand.

I was astonished by the size and complexity of the problem.Manually: (adv.) Involving using the hands or physical strength; operated or controlled by hand ratherthan automatically or using electricity, etc.

Why don’t you start working manually?Enable: (v) To make it possible for sb to do sth.

A new programme to enable older people to study at collegeTake for granted: (idiom) To be so used to sb/sth that you do not recognize their true value anymore anddo not show that you are grateful.

In order to recognize the true value of sth/sb we must not take it for granted.Given the fact that: (In spite of)Giving the fact that Ali knows English, he become fail.

Unit 70 (Gold rush)Assignment: Look up the following words/expressions in dictionary and write their definitions down.*Overland *Continent *Fever *Abandon *Anchor *Desert *Fabulously *Risky *Miner *Gambler *Outlaw*Occur *Stampede *Find *Massive *Nugget *Prospector *Tributary *Creek *Obtain *Gravel *Steep*Pass *Estimate *Account *Vast *Invest *Squeeze *Confine *Hysterically *Irrational *Gold rush *Keepon *To strike it rich *To brave the winter *To lay the foundation

Assignment:Look up the following words in dictionary and write their definitions down.1. Continent (n):_______________________________________.2. Massive (adj.):______________________________________.3. Obtain (v):_________________________________________.4. Nugget (n):_________________________________________.5. Outlaw (n):_________________________________________.

Match the 10 words in Column I with the definition in Column II._______ 1. Complexity a) The meeting together of a group of people for a particular aim._______ 2. Component b) To make less strong._______ 3. Entrance c) Violent and cruel._______ 4. Eventually d) The state of being difficult to understand_______ 5. Miniature e) Very small; much smaller than usual._______ 6. Brutal f) Permission to become a member of a club, society,

university, etc._______ 7. Assembly g) One of several parts of which sth is made._______ 8. Conflict h) At the end of a period of time or a series of events._______ 9. Overdose j) A situation in which people, groups or countries are

involved in a serious disagreement or argument._______ 10. Dim k) To take too much of a drug at one time, so that it is

dangerous

Fill in the blanks with the words given inside parenthesis. (Alien, armed, stampede, visual, Gossip,senator, Enthusiasm, confined, estimates and risky)

1. Guerrillas have pledged to intensify the __________struggle against the new government.2. We got____________ from three firms and accepted the lowest.

www.learnesl.net 3. He had a real______________ for the work.4. He has served as a democratic ___________for Texas since 1994.5. A world that had suddenly become _________and dangerous, he was her only security.6. The ________was that he had lost a fortune on the stock exchange.7. He building makes a tremendous__________ impact.8. A _________broke out when the doors opened.9. The work will not be __________to the Glasgow area.10. It's far too __________to generalize from one set of results.

Unit 71 (The circus is coming)Invasion: (n) The act of an army entering another country by force in order to take control of it.

The Indian army has given the threat of invasion.Guess: (v) To suppose that sth is true or likely.

I don't really know anything about it where I'm just guessing.Poster: (n) A large notice, often with a picture on it that is put in a public place to advertise sth.

A poster campaign was an attempt to educate people about election.Put up: (Phrasal Verb) To fix sth in a place where it will be seen.

They surrendered without putting up much of a fight.Ad: (n) A notice, picture or film telling people about a product, job or service.

We put an ad in the local paper.Hire: (v) To employ sb for a short time to do a particular job.

She was hired three years ago for this job.Go on and on: (idiom) To happen and continue.

They couldn’t stop the flow of runs and the batsmen went on and on hitting sixes.Realize: (v) To understand or become aware of a particular fact or situation

I didn't realize (that) you were so unhappy.Parade: (n) A public celebration of a special day or event, usually with bands in the streets and decoratedvehicles.

They stood as straight as soldiers on parade.Folks: (n) People in general.

I'd like a job working with old folk or kids.Pier: (n) A large strong piece of wood, metal or stone that is used to support a roof, wall, bridge, etc.

After lunch, the family went for a walk along the pier.Tightrope: (n) A rope or wire that is stretched tightly high above the ground and that performers walkalong, especially in a circus.

The government is walking a difficult tightrope in wanting to reduce interest rates.Clown: (n) An entertainer who wears funny clothes and a large red nose and does silly things to makepeople laugh.

What do those clowns in the government think they are doing?Seal: (n) A sea animal that eats fish and lives around coasts. There are many types of seal, some of whichare hunted for their fur.

The annual seal hunt takes place on the pack ice off Greenland.Acrobat: (n) An entertainer who performs difficult acts such as balancing on high ropes, especially at acircus.

No body can be an acrobat like Ali.Unload: (v) To remove things from a vehicle or ship after it has taken them somewhere.

This isn't a suitable place to unload the van.Cage: (n) A structure made of metal bars or wire in which animals or birds are kept.

I don't like seeing animals in cages.Sanitary: (adj.) Connected with keeping places clean and healthy to live in.

The hut had no cooking or sanitary facilities.Erect: (v) To put sth in position and make it stand upright.

The church was erected in 1582.Big top: (n) The large tent in which a circus gives performances.

The big top was burnt into flames.Wagon: (n) A vehicle with four wheels, pulled by horses or oxen and used for carrying heavy loads.

The wagon was driven into the jungle.Trapeze: (n) A wooden or metal bar hanging from two pieces of rope high above the ground, usedespecially by circus performers.

www.learnesl.net His father is a trapeze artist.

Bandstand: (n) A covered platform outdoors, where musicians, especially a brass or military band, canstand and play.

Did you see him standing in front of bandstand?Amplifier: (n) An electrical device or piece of equipment that makes sounds or radio signals louder.

They were all busy carrying the amplifier.Keep fingers crossed: (idiom) To hope that your plans will be successful.

I'm keeping my fingers crossed that my proposal will be accepted.Any minute now: (idiom) Very soon.

Are the all things ready because the chief guest will be here in any minute now?

Unit 72 (Getting things done)Faucet: (n) A device for controlling the flow of liquid or gas from a pipe or container.

Let me turn a faucet on / off.Drip: (v) To produce drops of liquid.

She was hot and sweat dripped into her eyes.Washer: (n) A small flat ring made of rubber, metal or plastic placed between two surfaces, for exampleunder a nut to make a connection tight.

Let me see where the washer is lost.Plumber: (n) A person whose job is to fit and repair things such as water pipes, toilets, etc.

I had the plumber fix the pipes.Tune up: (Phrasal Verb) Adjust for functioning.

The orchestra was tuning up as we entered the hall.Burner: (n) The part of a cooker/stove, etc. that produces a flame.

The wood burner broke down.Heating element: (n) The part of a piece of electrical equipment that gives out heat.

They were not able to adjust the heating element in the house.Rotate: (v) Change.

They rotated the angle of the triangular.Perm: (n) A way of changing the style of your hair by using chemicals to create curls that last for severalmonths.

A shampoo for perm or damaged hair was lost.Quaint: (adj.) Attractive in an unusual or old-fashioned way.

They have a quaint and charming seaside village.Farmhouse: (n) The main house on a farm, where the farmer lives.

Have you ever been to their farmhouse?Handyman: (n) A man who is good at doing practical jobs inside and outside the house, either as a hobbyor as a job.

A handyman can resist under extreme pressure.Enthusiast: (n) A person who is very interested in sth and spends a lot of time doing it.

Nobody in their family is a football enthusiast.Real Estate: (n) The business of selling houses or land for building.

My father sold real estate.Concord: (n) Peace and agreement.

Pakistan is country that prefers living in concord with neighboring states.Electrical outlet: (n) Socket; a device in a wall that you put a PLUG into in order to connect electricalequipment to the power supply of a building.

Did you buy any electrical outlet for the bedroom?Plasterboard: (n) A building material made of sheets of cardboard with plaster between them, used forinside walls and ceilings.

For building a building we need plasterboard.Weatherproof: (adj.) That is not affected by weather; that protects sb/sth from wind and rain.

The finished roof should be weatherproof for years.Insulation: (n) The act of protecting sth with a material that prevents heat, sound, electricity, etc. frompassing through; the materials used for this.

Nobody can tolerate their insulation.Drive somebody insane/crazy: (idiom) to make sb more and more angry or irritated, especially over a longperiod of time.

This job is driving me insane/ crazy.

www.learnesl.net That’s easier said than done: (idiom) Much more difficult to do than to talk about.

Why don't you get yourself a job?' 'That's easier said than done.'

Unit 73 (Getting in shape)Marathon: (n) A long running race of about 42 kilometers or 26 miles.

The London marathon is held every year.Kick off: (Phrasal Verb) To start.

Tom will kick off with a few comments.Yard: (n) A unit for measuring length, equal to 3 feet (36 inches) or 0.9144 of a meter.

The children were playing in the yard at the front of the school.Victory: (n) Success in a game, an election, a war, etc.

She is confident of victory in Saturday's final.Radiologist: (n) A doctor who is trained in radiology.

There is no such place in our country to train radiologists.(Radiology= (n) the study and use of different types of RADIATION in medicine, for example to treatdiseases)

Have they studied radiology in the university?Bend: (v) To force sth that was straight into an angle or a curve.

He was bending his arm to get the match over.Bar: (n) A long straight piece of metal or wood.

The bar was so far for the athlete but they were able to get there.Exertion: (n) The use of power to make sth happen.

She was hot and breathless from the exertion of cycling uphill.Yoga: (n) A system of exercises for your body and for controlling your breathing, used by people who wantto become fitter or to relax.

She knows yoga very well.Specify: (v) To state sth, especially by giving an exact measurement, time, exact instructions, etc.

Remember to specify your size when ordering clothes.Compulsory: (adj.) That must be done because of a law or a rule.

Nobody solved the compulsory question.Twist: (v) To turn part of your body around while the rest stays still.

Jeen twisted his ankle while playing football.Torso: (n) The main part of the body, not including the head, arms or legs.

The biology teacher taught us about torso.Get out of breath: (idiom) Have difficulty breathing after exercise.

We can let him relax because he is getting out of breath.Hit the road: (idiom) To start a journey/trip.

With the name of Almighty Allah they hit the road.By far: (idiom) By a great amount.

They hit the target in a jiffy by far.

Unit 74 (Don’t panic!)Panic: (v) To suddenly feel frightened so that you cannot think clearly and you say or do sth stupid,dangerous, etc.

I panicked when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.Fasten: (v) To close or join together the two parts of sth.

You must fasten you seat belt while plan is taking off.Seat belt: (n) A belt that is attached to the seat in a car or a plane and that you fasten around yourself sothat you are not thrown out of the seat if there is an accident.

Nobody has fastened their seat belt.Monitor: (n) A television screen used to show particular kinds of information; a screen that showsinformation from a computer.

They broke the monitor into pieces.Procedure: (n) A way of doing sth, especially the usual or correct way.

The procedure to get admission is written on the notice board.Remind: (v) To help sb remember sth important that they must do.

They all were reminded about the strict but flexible rules.Prohibit: (v) To stop sth from being done or used especially by law.

They are told about the prohibited areas.

www.learnesl.net Lavatory: (n) A toilet, or a room with a toilet in it.

The lavatory was quite dirty.Tamper: (v) To make changes to sth without permission, especially in order to damage it.

Someone had obviously tampered with the brakes of my car.Offence: (n) An illegal act.

He was not aware that he had committed an offence.Cockpit: (n) An enclosed area in a plane, boat or racing car where the pilot or driver sits.

The cockpit was completely full of smoke.Run out of: (Phrasal Verb) To use up or finish a supply of sth.

Could I have a cigarette? I seem to have run out.Headset: (n) A pair of headphones, especially one with a microphone attached to it.

He did not touch the headset at all.Turbulence: (n) A situation in which there is a lot of sudden change, confusion, disagreement andsometimes violence.

We experienced severe turbulence during the flight.Proceed: (v) To move or travel in a particular direction.

He proceeds with the Almighty Allah’s name.Make it: (idiom) To succeed in reaching a place in time, especially when this is difficult.

He never really made it as an actor.Slide: (v) To move easily over a smooth or wet surface; to make sth move in this way.

We slid down the grassy slope.Chute: (n) A tube or passage down which people or things can slide.

They threw the water chute in the swimming pool.Urge: (v) To advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth.

Police are urging anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately.Attendant: (n) A person whose job is to serve or help people in a public place.

The flight attendant brought me some juice.

Unit 75 (Messages)Mix-up: (n) A situation that is full of confusion, especially because sb has made a mistake.

Someone has mixed up all the application forms.Administrative: (adj.) Connected with organizing the work of a business or an institution.

The administrative activities made me too tired.

Unit 76 (Giving peace a chance)Mix-up: (n) A situation that is full of confusion, especially because sb has made a mistake.

Don’t mix up your assignments.Administrative: (adj.) Connected with organizing the work of a business or an institution.

What are the administrative responsibilities?

AssignmentLook up the following words in dictionary and write their definitions down.

1. Ceasefire :( v) _____________________________________.2. Negotiation: (n) ____________________________________.3. Troop: (n) ________________________________________.4. Amazed: (adj.) _____________________________________.5. Terrorism: (n) _____________________________________.6. Delighted: (adj.) ____________________________________.

Fill in the blanks with the words given inside parenthesis. (Procedure, attendant, assurances, proceed,urged, sanitary, victory, folk, prohibited and bent)

1. We had the entire usual problems __________upon starting a new business.2. Soviet citizens were ____________from travelling abroad.3. The report __________that all children be taught to swim.4. He left detailed instructions about the best way to __________.5. Making a complaint is quite a simple__________.6. She was _________over her desk writing a letter.7. She is confident of _________in Saturday's final.8. The hut had no cooking or __________facilities.9. Garlic is widely used in Chinese ________medicine.

www.learnesl.net 10. Unemployment seems to be raising, despite repeated _________to the contrary.

Make meaningful sentences for the given words below.1. Hire: (v)__________________________________________.2. Guess:(v)_________________________________________.3. Invasion:(n)_______________________________________.4. Parade:(v)________________________________________.5. Insultation: (n)_____________________________________.

Unit 77 (Trust the Heart)Crunch: (n) A noise like the sound of sth firm being crushed.

The car drew up with a crunch of gravel.Grasp: (v) To take a firm hold of sb/sth.

He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.Liar: (n) A person who tells lies.

Never believe a liar person in any case.Palm tree: (n) Straight tree with a mass of long leaves at the top, growing in tropical countries. There areseveral types of palm tree, some of which produce fruit.

They were hanging over the palm tree.Ray: (n) A narrow beam of light, heat or other energy.

The ray passed through a narrow passage.Terrace: (n) A continuous row of similar houses that are joined together in one block.

We saw the terrace in the movies.Exclaim: (v) To say sth suddenly and loudly, especially because of strong emotion or pain.

They exclaimed with joy telling us about his success.Frown: (v) To make a serious, angry or worried expression by bringing your eyebrows closer together sothat lines appear on your forehead.

What are you frowning at me for?Heap: (v) To put things in an untidy pile.

She looked at the vegetables heaped on the table.Illuminate: (v) To make sth clearer or easier to understand.

The earth is illuminated by the sun.Lean: (v) To bend or move from an upright position.

The tower is leaning dangerously.Peal: (v) To suddenly laugh loudly.

The bells of the city began to peal out.Sigh: (v) To take and then let out a long deep breath that can be heard, to show that you are disappointed,sad, tired, etc

She sighed with relief that it was all over.Startle: (v) To surprise sb suddenly in a way that slightly shocks or frightens them.

I was startled by her question.Whisper: (v) To speak very quietly to sb so that other people cannot hear what you are saying.

Don't you know it's rude to whisper?Appetizing: (adj.) That smells or looks attractive; making you feel hungry or thirsty.

The appetizing meals he cooked were always nourishing.Approach: (v) To come near to sb/sth in distance or time.

We heard the sound of a car which was approaching.Harsh: (adj.) Cruel, severe and unkind.

He was too harsh to the students yesterday.Unfair: (adj.) Not right or fair according to a set of rules or principles; not treating people equally.

It was quite unfair to help the opponent.Beyond: (adv.) On or to the further side of sth.

The immediate future is clear, but it's hard to tell what lies beyond.Damn! : A swear word that people use to show that they are annoyed, disappointed, etc.

Oh damn! I forgot he was coming.Be to blame: (idiom) To be responsible for sth bad.

Which driver was to blame for the accident?

Unit 79 (Divided by a common language)Bagel: (n) A hard bread roll that is shaped like a ring.

www.learnesl.net They teacher told a story about the bagel.

Colonist: (n) A person who settles in an area that has become a colony.Did anybody tell you about the new colonist?

Depot: (n) A place where large amounts of food, goods or equipment are stored.His depot was flood due to heavy rain.

Dialect: (n) The form of a language that is spoken in one area with grammar, words and pronunciation thatmay be different from other forms of the same language.

He has a dialect way of writing is marvelous.Levee: (n) A low wall built at the side of a river to prevent it from flooding.

We had to repair the levee in order to save ourselves from flood.Rodeo: (n) A public competition, especially in the US, in which cowboys show their skill at riding wildhorses and catching cattle with ropes.

Have you ever been to rodeo?Blend: (v) To mix two or more substances together.

We have blended the apple with blender.Distinct: (adj.) Clearly different or of a different kind.

The distinct features of this machine are a lot.Yiddish: (n) A Jewish language, originally used in central and Eastern Europe, based on a form of Germanwith words from Hebrew and several modern languages.

We must have some information about Yiddish.Canyon: (n) A deep valley with steep sides of rock.

Canyon Valley is famous because it has steep side rocks.Canoe: (n) A light narrow boat which you move along in the water with a paddle.

He used the canoes while passing the river.

Unit 80 (Departures)*Cab *Mess *Look somebody up *It’s been nice having you here *Have a good trip *Thanks for everything*It’s been great knowing you *Let’s keep in touch *Don’t forget to write *Say good-bye (to Mr. Smith) forme.