The Neuroeconomics of Voting: Neural Evidence of Different ...
Neuroeconomics Evidence for Decision-making Theory
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Transcript of Neuroeconomics Evidence for Decision-making Theory
Neuroeconomics
What have we found, and what should we search for
By : XU Meiling Zhejiang University
Aldo Rustichini . Current Opinion in Neurobiology 2009, 19:672–677
Neuroeconomics
The application of conceptual structure and experimental techniques widely used in neuroscience to the study of economic behavior.
An interdisciplinary field, crossing boundaries between Economics, Psychology, and Neuroscience
Its original program was to provide a test for a large number of competitive theories of decision making
This presentation: focus on the study of economic decision that a single agent takes in isolation
Assumption of Classical Decision Making Theory
Two-dimensional man Two parameters
• Attitude to risk
• Attitude to intertemporal
tradeoff
One parameter in general
• Utility Function
Theory development and Empirical Evidence
Prospect Theory
Abandoning integration assumption
Three distinct assumptions
A reference point
Loss aversion
Risk sensitivity
Ellsberg Paradox
Time inconsistency in planning
Changing planning when evaluating options because of
discounting rate change
Systematic study of regret (Bell, Loomes & Sugden)
What we have learn
Existence of a common currency
fMRI & Single neuron recording in monkeys
Goods-based value encoding instead of action-based
Menu invariant---Firing rate independent of other options
In sensory perception, neural activity codes a subjective response instead of objective properties
Coding of economic value depends on the general context of a choice
Tobler et al: Adaptive coding of dopamine neurons at the time of delivery of reward
Controversial topics
Five-dimensional man
Personality traits are very powerful in predicting economic outcomes
Fu
ture:
Th
eory
and
exp
erim
en
tal testin
g