NEUROANATOMI 2011
51
NEUROANATOMI DESWATY FURQONiTA
-
Upload
farah-muthia -
Category
Documents
-
view
64 -
download
2
description
kk
Transcript of NEUROANATOMI 2011
NEUROANATOMI
DESWATY FURQONiTA
NEURONATOMI
Lingkup bahasan Sistem saraf pusat:
Cerebrum Batang otak (brain stem) Cerebellum Medulla spinalis Pelindung sistem saraf Ventrikel dan Liquor CerebroSpinal (LCS)
Sistem saraf tepi: Saraf kranial Saraf spinal Saraf otonom
Jaras ascendens dan descendens: Jaras spinothalamicus anterior dan lateral Jaras lmniscus medialis (dorsal white column tract) Jaras corticospinal (corticospinal/pyramidal tract)
NEUROANATOMI
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Sistem saraf pusat
• Sistem saraf pusat terdiri atas: – Cerebrum
– Batang otak (brain stem): • Mesencephalon
• Pons
• Medulla oblongata
– Cerebellum
– Medulla spinalis
– Pelindung sistem saraf
– Ventrikel dan Liquor CerebroSpinal (LCS)
Pelindung sistem saraf
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Pelindung sistem saraf
Sinus duramatris
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Pelindung sistem saraf
Ventrikel
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Aliran liquor cerebrospinal
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Aliran liquor cerebrospinal
CEREBRUM
• Derivat dari telencephalon.
• Terdiri atas 2 hemisfer (kanan dan kiri)
• Permukaan terdapat: gyrus dan sulcus/fissura
• Terdiri atas: – Lobus frontal
– Lobus parietal
– Lobus temporal
– Lobus occipital
Lobus insula
CEREBRUM
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
CEREBRUM
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Lobus Frontalis
• Terletak di depan sulcus centralis Rolandi dan di atas fissura lateralis Sylvii
• Terdiri atas 4 gyrus: – 1 gyrus vertikal: gyrus precentralis (area motorik primer/area
4)
– 3 gyrus horisontal: gyrus frontalis superior, media dan inferior
• Gyrus frontalis inferior terdiri dari: pars orbitalis, pars
opercularis dan pars triangularis
• Pars triangularis dan opercularis pada hemisfer dominan
area bicara motorik Broca/area 45 dan 44
Lobus Parietalis
• Terletak di belakang sulcus centralis, di atas fissura lateralis, dan dipisahkan dari lobus occipital oleh fissura parieto-occipitalis.
• Terdiri atas: 1. Gyrus postcentralis pusat somatosensorik primer/area
3,1 dan 2 2. Lobulus parietal superior 3. Lobulus parietal inferior, yang terdiri atas gyrus
supramarginalis dan angularis area bicara sensorik Wernicke/area 40 dan 39
CEREBRUM struktur yang nampak pada penampang lateral
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
CEREBRUM struktur yang nampak pada penampang medial
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
CEREBRUM struktur yang nampak pada penampang medial
Lobus Temporalis
• Terletak di bawah fissura lateralis dan membatasi sisi lateral batang otak.
• Terdiri atas gyrus temporalis superior, medius dan inferior
• Gyrus temporalis superior disebut pula gyrus tranversal Heschl pusat pendengaran (auditory) primer/area 41
• Gyrus temporalis medius dan inferior dikenal sebagai cortex para auditory (area 42 dan 22)
Area fungsional Cortex Cerebri (hemisfer sinistra)
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Lobus Temporalis
• Bagian rostral gyrus parahippocampus, uncus
dan stria olfactori lateral lobus pyriformis
(pusat penciuman primer/area 34 dan 28)
Gambar. Area fungsional pada cortex cerebrum
Lobus Occipitalis
• Pada sisi medial lobus occipitalis dipisahkan oleh sulcus calcarinus menjadi cuneus dan gyrus lingualis
• Daerah cortex pada atas (upper lip) dan bawah (lower lip) sulcus calcarinus merupakan area penglihatan primer (area 17)
• Area asosiasi penglihatan adalah area 18 dan 19
Gambar. Area fungsional cortex cerebrum (tampak medial)
Lobus insula Reili
• Lobus insula tertutup oleh sebagian lobus frontalis, lobus parietalis dan lobus temporalis
pusat sensorik dan motorik organ viseral
Cerebrum
Lobus limbic (lobus sintetik)
Lobus limbic terdiri atas:
gyrus subcallosal, gyrus cinguli,
gyrus parahippocampalis, formatio
hippocampus dan gyrus dentatus sistem limbik
Area fungsional Cortex Cerebri
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Area fungsional Cortex Cerebri (homunculus)
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Pusat bicara
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Pusat bicara
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Lateralisasi fungsi cerebrum
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Ganglia basal (basal nuclei)
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Ganglia basal (basal nuclei)
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Sistem Limbik
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Substansia alba cerebri
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Tugas Mandiri
1. Bacalah dan jelaskan tentang thalamus dan fungsinya!
2. Bacalah dan jelaskan tentang vaskularisasi sistem saraf!
3. Bacalah dan jelaskan tentang saraf cranial!
4. Bacalah dan jelaskan tentang saraf spinal!
5. Bacalah dan jelaskan tentang saraf otonom!
Dikumpulkan melalui kelas neuroanatomi
(e-learning). Wajib mengerjakan!
Batang Otak (penampang anterior)
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Batang otak (penampang posterior)
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Batang otak (penampang latero-posterior)
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Mesencephalon (penampang horisontal)
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Pusat respirasi di batang otak
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Formatio Reticularis
Sumber gambar: Saladin. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 3rd Ed. 2003. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Cerebellum
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Medulla spinalis
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Medulla spinalis
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Punksi lumbar (lumbar puncture)
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Medulla spinalis
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Jaras-jaras pada penampang horisontal medulla spinalis
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Jaras ascendens dan jaras descendens
Sumber gambar: Van De Graff. Human Anatomy. 6th Ed. 2001. McGraw-Hill Companies.
