Networking RP @ DISI Fabrizio Granelli, Lab Coordinator Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza...

Networking RP @ DISI

Fabrizio Granelli, Lab Coordinator

Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione


F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008

Networking RP: Focus Application Areas:

Optical Networks Architectures, switching,

transparent (all-optical) Wide Area Networks and

Backbone Design Ultra-High Bandwidth

Switching Wireless Networks

Scheduling, QoS and resource management

Wireless mesh networks: WiFi, WiMax

Cellular: transmission, protocols and network design

MAC protocols Ad-Hoc and mobile Cognitive Networks

Peer-to-peer Overlay construction and

management Distributed signaling Overlay to network mapping

and cooperation

Research Topics: Protocol Design and

Architectures Network Design and

Dimensioning Traffic Modeling Cross-layering Performance Evaluation Flow and Congestion

Control Switching and Switches

Architectures Timing and

Synchronization Network Measurement



Networking RP: People Faculties (5):

Fabrizio GRANELLI Lab Coordinator Renato LO CIGNO Associate Professor Yoram OFEK Professor Luca ABENI Assistant Professor Alessandro ZORAT Professor

PostDocs, Research Assistants (6): Csaba KIRALY Research Assistant Dzmitry KLIAZOVICH PostDoc Jasvir NAGRA PostDoc Matteo NARDELLI Research Assistant Amitabh SAXENA PostDoc Danilo SEVERINA Research Assistant

PhD Students (7): Yury AUDZEVICH PhD Student Nadhir BEN HALIMA PhD Student Gianluca CICCARELLI PhD Student Michele ENDRICI PhD Student Christian FACCHINI PhD Student Troung Huong THU PhD Student Olga ZADEDYURINA PhD Student



Networking RP: Ongoing Projects Discreet (Discreet Service Provision in Smart

Environment)

Profiles (PeeR-to-peer beyOnd FILE Sharing)

RE-TRUST (Remote EnTrusting by RUn-time Software auThentication)

WOMEN (Wireless 802.16 Multi-antenna Mesh Networks) now WORLD (Wireless multiplatfOrm mimo active access netwoRks for QoS-demanding muLtimedia Delivery)

Mobility projects with North Carolina State, Tokyo Institute of Technology, UCLA



Selected Topics

Cross-Layering Performance Improvement in

Wireless Networks Congestion Control GRID & Overlay Networks Design of Wireless Mesh

Networks



Why Cross-Layering ?

Missing requirements to ensure market convergence

Proper services(Killer applications)

New search technologies, advertising, peer-to-peer networks, personal and community communications

At present moment aggressively pushed by Apple, Nokia, Motorola, Intel, and other vendors

Cross-Layer Design

New terminals

High-performanceCommunications



Cross-Layering

Globalroaming

Fixed

Days

Hours1 bit/s/Hz

5 bit/s/Hz High

Low



Cross-Layering The key is to understand the implications and

possibilities of cross-layering

Cross-Layer Modeling No analytical model to capture cross-layer

interactions

Protocol Stack Optimization To identify suitable design tools

(beyond empirical…)



Performance Improvementin Wireless Networks

Base StationContent Provider

Wide-Area Network

Cellular Network (Main scenario)

Network on wheels

Battlefields Ad-Hoc



Performance Improvementin Wireless Networks

Wireless vs. Limited bandwidth High latency Channel losses High mobility

Wired Large bandwidth Low latency Congestion

losses Static

environment

Poor Communication Protocol Performance



Performance Improvementin Wireless Networks Cross-Layer ARQ

ARQ agent generate TCP ACKs based on the link layer feedback

TCP AR Q agent L ink Link AR Q agent TCP

TCP DataPH Y/LLOverhead

LL-A CKPH Y/LLOverheadSuc c es s

TCP A CKTCP A CK

TCP Data

TCP Data

Physical

Link

Network

Transport

Application

TCP/IP

Link layerLink layerfeedbackfeedback



Performance Improvementin Wireless Networks Cross-Layer ARQ

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Number of Hops Between Sender and Receiver

Thr

ough

put

(Mb

/s)

LLE-TCPTCP Reno

Cross-Layer ARQ improvements Network capacity increase Robustness to high error rates Reduced round trip delay Improved congestion control Good fairness & coexistence

Evaluated analytically, by simulations, and on testbed Average improvement level tops 100%

0 300 600 900 1200 15000

1

2

3

4

5

6

TCP/IP Datagram Size (Bytes)

Th

rou

gh

pu

t (M

b/s

)

LLE-TCPTCP RenoLLE-TCP RTSTCP Reno RTS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

Flow number

Thr

ou

gh

pu

t (M

bp

s)

10 LLE-TCP flows9 TCP Reno + 1 LLE-TCP flows



Congestion Control Active Queue Management at bottleneck

routers A control-theory based optimization An Optimal Robust LQR-PID AQM Controller, which:

Maintains Queue Size at Routers Improve Congestion Supports QoS Accommodates Load Variation Adjust Change in Network Parameters

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0 20 40 60 80 100

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

PID RED



Congestion Control Cross-Layer Congestion Control

At every hop Compute bandwidth,

delay Insert computed values

into link layer header At the receiver

Echo capacity information to sender

At the sender Adjust outgoing TCP rate

Physical

Link

Network

Transport

Application

TCP/IP

Adjust rate Adjust rate based on the link based on the link capacitycapacity



Congestion Control Cross-Layer Congestion Control

Evaluation outcomes

Link layer capacity measurements are more efficient

Cross-Layer Congestion Control is ~30% more productive than other state-of-art solutions

Proper for upcoming standards (requires a new link layer frame)

0 10 20 30 40 500.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0.03

0.035

0.04

0.045

0.05

Simulation time (s)

RT

T (

ms)

Link LayerTransport Layer

0 20 40 60 80 1000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Simulation time (s)

Thr

ough

put (

Mb/

s)

"Long" flow "Short" flow

0 20 40 60 80 1000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Simulation time (s)

Thr

ough

put (

Mb/

s)

"Long" flow "Short" flow



GRID & Overlay Networks

To analyze the offered load by grid applications onto the networking infrastructure

To enable grid overlays to be adaptive to availability and fluctuations of host and network resources



Design ofWireless Mesh Networks A Wireless Mesh Network testbed is currently

running at DISI premises (802.11a/5GHz)

The testbed is built using Linux-based programmable Aps

An Open Platform for developing and validating



Design ofWireless Mesh Networks

“WOMEN” Project Final MeetingTrento, Feb. 12th, 2008



Design ofWireless Mesh Networks

19

AP5

AP4

AP2

AP1

AP3

X

XX

XX



Research Outputs

Book Chapters and Journals Elsevier Computer Networks Journal (COMNET) ACM / Springer Wireless Networks (WINET) International Journal of Computer Research Ad Hoc Networks Journal Journal of Interconnection Networks (JOIN)

Conferences

Patents D. Kliazovich, F. Granelli, S. Redana, and N. Riato, "Cross-Layer Error Recovery

Optimization for 3G LTE Systems,“ under EP 07425087.9



International Contacts

State Univ. of Campinas (Prof. N. Fonseca)

North Carolina State Univ.(Prof. M. Devetsikiotis)

UCLA(Prof. M. Gerla)

Tokyo University of Technology(Prof. Tsuboi)

Nokia Siemens Networks(Ing. S. Redana)



Any questions ?

Fabrizio Granelli

Networking RP Coordinator

E-mail: [email protected]

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