Network Virtualization.ppt

©2007 Inocybe Technologies inc. All rights reserved.

Network VirtualizationFrom Service Providers to Infrastructure Providers

PROMPT Conference – Integrated Wireless and Optical Networks Mathieu Lemay, CEO Inocybe TechnologiesBased on presentations by Bill St-Arnaud, CANARIENovember 22th 2007


Presentation OutlineDiscussion Topics

• In this presentation the following topics will be discussed:

• On demand vs Virtualization• Infrastructure as a Service• Argia™ for Network IaaS• Research projects using Argia™• Next Generation Internet


On demand vs VirtualizationDifferences in approaches

• Two approaches to grids & networks• On demand, or • Virtualization

• On demand• Computing & networking as a utility• Short duration and infrequent jobs• Many similarities to old service bureau concept• Large centralized administrative process of setting up computational and

network fabric• “computing on demand”, “bandwidth on demand”• Configuration and setup done by operator

• Virtualization• Computing and networking as a service• Long duration and persistent jobs• Edge user control and management• “infrastructure as a service”• Configuration and setup done by user


On demand vs Virtualization Existing Initiatives

• On demand• Research Projects

• Internet2 HOPI• Géant2 JRA3• DRAGON

• Commercial Products• Nortel’s DRAC• Proprietary Solutions (Each provider have their own solution)

• Virtualization• Research Projects

• UCLP • 4WARD• GENI

• Commercial Products• Inocybe Technologies Argia™ (UCLP descendant)• Cisco VFrame


Infrastructure as a ServiceBusiness Case

• Increasingly more and more organizations are acquiring their own fiber networks• Universities, schools, hospitals, business

• Acquiring fiber in the long haul is very expensive to light and obtain• Alternative is to use “dim fiber” –point to point wavelengths• But want flexibility to do configuration and change management

as with dark fiber• Increasingly big business and big science needs dedicated

networks for specific applications and disciplines for high data volume grids• Want to be able to manipulate the network in the same way

they can manipulate the application


Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)Why virtualize your networks?

• Your IT infrastructure should follow business’s requirements.

• You don’t have to overprovision your IT infrastructure, when estimating future needs, you use resources on a as needed basis.

• With virtualization administrators can manage five to 10 times the number of devices they're managing today.

• Virtualized resources are software resources that may accessed by applications or other Grid Services.

• You can create virtual resources to partition your network into multiple sub-networks.

• Virtual resources can be used within a single domain or across multiple, independently managed domains.


Quebec Pioneers IaaS Leaders of an optical networks revolution

• In the past 10 years, Quebec has been leading the world in a quiet revolution in next generation optical Internet.

• CSEVM makes it easy to have independent fiber construction companies called FiberCOs.

• Examples: Société de Réseaux Dédiés Privés (SRDP), XIT and many others.

• These companies are now building next generation optical networks throughout the USA, Europe and Asia.

• This in turn has enabled exciting new business models and concepts of what is often referred to "customer owned and controlled networks".

• Inocybe’s technology can be used to turn these infrastructure provider companies into IaaS providers.

• CANARIE is a research and education network like no other as they are the first to provide Infrastructure only.


Infrastructure ProvidersFrom Service to Infrastructure Providers

• We see many advantages at moving the business model from Service providers to Infrastructure providers.

Service Providers Infrastructure Providers

Liability Provider’s liability (SLA)

User responsability

Financial Impact ROI hard to acheive for infrastructure when selling services only.

User pays for both infrastructure + service.

User Satisfaction Users locked in service contracts and have no control over network.

Users feels empowered to perform required changes on the network at will as if they owned all of it.

Operation Expenses NOC must perform all changes no time left to plan ahead/monitor.

Users do the simple changes, NOC does network planning.


Infrastructure ProvidersNew businesses models

• Innovative new business models can be built on Virtualized infrastructures and IaaS.

• The Condominium concepts to be applied to communication equipment. (Buy a port on an expensive piece of equipment without having to buy the cards, and control it at will)

• Infrastructure brokers “à la Expedia™” can create a search engine that will go across infrastructure providers and discover end to end solutions with an associated price for the users.

• Virtualized infrastructure can be used “in-house” to improve internal efficiency of the IT infrastructure within the same organization.

• Multiple organizations can create a “pool” of resources that is shared across the different organizations on a as needed basis governed by complex policies.


Inocybe’s FrameworkHistory: UCLP

• User Controlled LightPaths – is a set of concepts, ideas and tools brought forward in a research program by CANARIE which aimed at empowering users of parts of the network.

• Users may create connections from various optical links, routers and switches to produce a wide area network that is under their control and dedicated.

• Articulated Private Network (APN)• Virtualized resources are built as Web Service Resources (WSRF) so

network components can be integrated with other web service applications.

• These concepts are technology independent and are now applied to both Wireless, Ethernet, IP, Optical Networks and even instrumentation via the Framework.

• The products, framework and research projects are done by a joint partnership between i2CAT, CRC and Inocybe Technologies to do a direct transfer of these technologies into production networks and have a faster TTM.


Inocybe’s Framework Services, Products and Research Projects

Device Controller Services

Device Virtualization Services

Optical SwitchResources

Router Resources

Scenarios Resources

Network Virtualization Services

Ethernet Switch Resources

IP NetworkResources

TDM Timeslot

Resources

Ethernet Port

Resources

Lambda Resources

ConnectionsResources

VLAN Resources

Physical Network

Resources

Resource List Resources

Application Services

WS

MANTICORE (i2CAT)(IP Research Project)

WS

Framework (Common to all)

WS

Ether™ (Product) (Ethernet Networks)

WS

Argia™ (Product) (Optical Networks)

Resource Management Centre and User Web Portal.

WS

GRIM (CRC & Inocybe) (Virtual Instruments Research)

GRIM Resources

Instrument Resources

Appliance Resource

Support Services

User WorkspaceResources

Unless specified otherwise the development is being performed in partnership by i2CAT, CRC and Inocybe Technologies.

RCP WEB (Development)


Inocybe’s Argia™ Design Objectives

• Allow institutions to integrate wavelengths and fiber from different suppliers and integrate with institution's network management domain

• And offer APNs to users• Common Misconceptions on the goals of the technology

• Primary purpose is NOT dynamic switched optical networks• Primary purpose is NOT reservation and leasing of wavelength

resources• Primary purpose is NOT end-to-end optical VPNs• Primary purpose is NOT inter-domain connection of lightpaths

• However all these functionalities can be performed at the application layer (i.e. Phosphorus provides On-demand capabilities on top of Argia resources.) or as separate plugins for the APNs resources.


Inocybe Argia™Typical Use Case Scenario

• A group of partners of an European project need some resources of GÉANT2 and two NRENs: NREN A and NREN B.

• Network Providers: GÉANT2, NREN A and NREN B.• User: Network administrator (or testbed WP leader) of the European project.

GÉANT 2NREN A NREN B

Physical Substrate

GÉANT 2 ResourcesNREN A Resources NREN B Resources

Logical Network

Resources

European Project’s Articulated Private Network

Virtual Infrastructure

U N I V E R S I T YU N I V E R S I T Y

University A


University B


Inocybe Argia™Infrastructure Provider sets up the physical network.


Inocybe Argia™Infrastructure providers create the logical resources


Inocybe Argia™Providers make Resource List and exports it to specific organization or advertises it online for sale.


Inocybe Argia™Network is partitionned for differents type of users.


Inocybe Argia™Customer’s Network Admin gets Resource Lists from IaaS Providers


Inocybe Argia™Customer’s Network Admin creates a multidomain topology from resources.


Advanced user creates an instance of the “APN Scenarios”

service for a regular user

Inocybe Argia™Customer’s Network Admin creates scenarios for it’s End-Users.

End Users invoke predefined / approved scenarios made by the

organization’s network administrator.


Inocybe’s Argia™ Integrated Wireless Optical Networks

• The Wireless End points can control the optical network TDM channels or Wavelengths on a “As-needed” basis creating a live underlying topology.

Articulated Private Network



Virtualization and SOAImpact on networks and applications

• By exposing internal processes as WS allow these services to be exported or connected directly to external services.

• Removes hierarchy• Eliminates “network of layers”

• Traditional telecom NMS and OSS is vertical and centralized

• SOA allows network components and services to be accessed horizontally as well as vertically and externally

• Video Conferencing, IT Backups, File Sharing, or any other high bandwidth application can dynamically provision the network to fit the requirements.


Winter Simulation Conference 2006 • Monterey, California • December 2006

CIMS-Ottawa - home

CIMS-La Jolla - remote

Research Projects using Argia™Eucalyptus: Collaborative Architecture Design between California and Canada

Source: Gabriel Wainer


Research Projects using Argia™ High Performance Digital Media

• A Consortium of Research Centers for High Performance Digital Media (HPDM)

• Multiple Sites Require High Performance/High Volume/High Definition Digital Media Streaming Simultaneously Among All Locations (Multi-Point to Multi-Point)

Music Grid Canada - Prague

CineGrid Ryerson U Canada - Prague


Research Projects using Argia™ i2CAT Research Projects

The MANTICORE vision

Other user(s) IP Network or theInternet

Physical Router

Logical Router

Physical Link

Logical Link

User Site

Each user’s IP network is represented by a different color

1

AJAX Demonstrator

• Map: show links • Button: createTopo• Button: removeTopo• Button: createReserv• Button: removeReserv

Demonstrator :: Architecture

Demonstrator Servlet

• createTopology()• removeTopology()• createDemoReserv()• removeDemoReserv()• getData()

HTTP

AdapterAdapter

ARGONARGON

AdapterAdapter

UCLPUCLP

AdapterAdapter

ThinThin

AdapterAdapter

DRACDRAC

Reservation-AdapterReservation-Adapter Topology-AdapterTopology-Adapter

NSPNSP

AdapterAdapter

GMPLSGMPLS

1000 mbit/s

• Phosphorus provides Bandwidth on Demand on top of Argia Resources.

• MANTICORE virtualizes and controls Juniper’s Virtual IP Routers.


Future of the Internet Inocybe Framework (UCLP) vs 4WARD WP3

• UCLP (Argia) has the same objective as 4WARD’s WP3. • UCLP has more than 5 years of R&D and millions of dollars behind it. (2

Research Programs were devoted to UCLP R&D)• UCLP has now been split in two: a commercial product (Argia) and an open-

source framework/tools (Inocybe’s Framework).• Argia, while still in its beta stages is built on the virtualizations techniques used

in UCLP and UCLPv2 which began in early 2000 and is the most mature resource management system (RMS) for virtualizing networks.

• Argia is being used for many demos and on CANARIE’s production network.

Argia / Framework Architecture

GÉANT 2NREN A NREN B

Physical Substrate

GÉANT 2 ResourcesNREN A Resources NREN B Resources

Logical Network

Resources

European Project’s Articulated Private Network



University A


University B

4WARD VNET (WP3)


Future of the Internet Reducing Carbon Emissions

• Virtualization has the potential to significantly save energy costs and earn carbon offset dollars.

• IBM has announced a major virtualization offering where companies can earn up to $1 million in carbon credits by getting rid of their PC clusters and using virtual servers.

• Rather than deploying your own routers switches etc - why not deploy a virtual network with virtual routers and switches?

• With virtualized networks you can still control the topology and configuration, but reduce energy costs by having a common routing/switch substrate.

• The carbon offset dollars you would earn with virtualization would more than offset cost of Argia™ or Ether™ virtualization appliances.

Nortel™ Cyber Infrastructure Cisco Carbon Reduction Initiative


Future of the InternetYou can’t make money from broadband

• Broadband networks, whether wireless or FTTx, overbuilders, municipal or customer owned, requires huge capital outlay with a big risk of slow take-up. In addition:

• High churn• Low takeup – “Tyranny of the takeup”

• Consumers unwilling to spend more than $40/mo for broadband

• Generally prefer lower cost, rather than higher bandwidth• http://news.com.com/DSL+strikes+a+chord+with+frugal+sho

ppers/2100-1034_3-6084717.html• Margins are very thin, even for incumbents

• The real winners in the broadband game are those providing advanced services and basic infrastructure

• Content delivery company is being dis-intermediated

Source: Bill St-Arnaud CANARIE


Future of the InternetA New Business Strategy for last mile infrastructure

• Combine FTTh with resale of electrical and gas power • Consumers and business spend considerably more on electricity

and gas than on telephone, cable or broadband combined• Many companies worldwide specialize in sale of retail energy – gas

and electricity• They make money on arbitrage between long term contract (typically

5 years) of retail power at fixed price and wholesale and/or futures market

• Billing is done by energy utility and payments then made to retailer• Resale of electrical power & gas will be a lot more attractive if

bundled with FTTh, free broadband, free telephony, etc• It will also allow greater arbitrage spreads between retail and

wholesale/future prices



Future of the InternetA Green Future - Business Model

• Offer consumers special deal on long term power contracts bundled with FTTh in partnership with retail energy companies

• Profit is made on arbitrage of sale of electrical/gas power and/or premium on sale of power

• FTTh may be a loss leader in order to sell electricity/gas• But since broadband is now a loss leader, we must keep

broadband OPEX and CAPEX costs as low as possible…• QoS, NGN, etc don’t make sense

• If the customer owns or control the last mile infrastructure then it is not in their self interest to switch providers,

• If they own the last mile they have a sense of responsibility with respect to quality and maintenance

• Customers also encouraged to save money through reduced energy consumption

• Higher premium for “Green Broadband” will be an incentive to reduce consumption

• May end up paying substantially less then they do now for gas + electricity + broadband + telephone + cable



Future of the InternetVision for networks

• In the 1960s computing was dominated by central managed large mainframe computers and dumb terminals

• Users were charge by CPU minute and memory usage

• A lot of research into optimizing CPU and memory usage

• But starting in the 1970s at our universities and research centers, users could buy their own mini-computer

• Researcher could use computer as little or as much as they want with no additional charges

• This led to concepts like UNIX, GUI developed ultimately culminating in the PC

• Telecommunications and the Internet today is like computing in the 1960s

• Users are charged by bandwidth consumed and very centralized management

• We believe the next generation of Internet will be as revolutionary as the PC Source: Bill St-Arnaud CANARIE

Network Virtualization.ppt

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