Network Design Issues

DESIGNING COMPUTER NETWORKS FOR EDUCATIONINSYS 461

July 27, 2004

Case Study—Step 3

Fiscally responsible

Jaron Flickinger

1

Task

This is the design of the computer network for a middle school- Paterno Middle School in the Happy Valley School District. Happy Valley School District is located in the heart of Central Pennsylvania approximately 87 miles Northwest of the state capitol, Harrisburg, and 141 miles Northeast of the closest major city, Pittsburgh. The district covers 44 square miles with a population of 12,965 residents. The Happy Valley School District provides educational programs ranging from special needs to advanced placement.

The Happy Valley campus is in a suburban location containing the Administration building, Sandusky High School and Paterno Middle School. Eisenhower Elementary School is situated approximately 1.3 miles East of the Happy Valley Campus.

Paterno Middle School has a sixth through eighth grade enrollment of 447 students. The school operates on a seven-period day with major subject academic teams for each grade. The teams also include an Art, Music, Family and Consumer Sciences teacher and a Technology Education teacher. Other facts of note:

There are 22 professional staff and four clerical staff State aid ratio of 11.2% Minority population is 5% Asian, 7% Hispanic and 7% African-

American. Eighty percent of Paterno students have computer access at home

with 90% of this group having Internet access Of the students who have home computer access, 70% use Windows

machines and 30% use Macintosh All students take a course in "Computer Literacy" during every nine-

week cycle for a total of 32 classes. Budget

Summary of Costs—Details on Pages 3-11

Item Current

Printers $20,013

Computers $109,733

ServerCabling, Ports and Other Equipment

$39,599

Smartnets (3 years)$180,027

If possible, all of the items should be on a replacement schedule. Purchasing all these items in one year causes a problem with both the budget and the replacement schedule. However, the district has allowed the technology in this building to become very old. A solution to the costs here would be to take a lease or loan and do all of the changes in one year, spreading the costs over three years.The building currently has

1. Art: 6 PowerMac G3’s and a color inkjet printer with AppleTalk – they would like more machines

2. Math and Science: each room has one 486 PC and a color inkjet printer. Need a lab for the science classes with 20 systems. The math lab has 20 486’s in a peer to peer network. Would like to use ILS program. Need mini labs in two of the science rooms. Need more computers in the classrooms.

3. Language arts rooms each have a 486 and an inkjet printer. Need a writing lab with 20 PC’s.

4. Social studies – no lab, but more computers in the classroom.5. Library – need internet access and new computers.6. Planning rooms need copiers, printers and computers7. Offices need a way to print confidential material, they need new PC’s

and a new server for the new student package.

I would recommend the following:1. Wiring is less expensive if you do it all instead of having people return

to run more cable. My proposal wires each classroom with 6 drops even though they will only get one PC to start with. The labs (and math, science and language arts all got labs) will be wired for 30 drops even though we are only placing 20 PC’s in each.

2. A server room has been added in the MDF.3. Since there is nothing really salvageable in the building, I would

replace everything.4. I would recommend using a 3-year lease to purchase the $180,000

worth of equipment and services. This allows the budget to cover approximately $62,000 each year and you will have everything immediately instead of adding them over three years.

5. Begin a replacement cycle for all of the equipmenta. Place the PC’s on a five year cycle. Replace the office

computers at the end of the three years. Add additional PC’s during years 4 and 5 – one extra in each room. Also add wireless PC’s (laptops) to the library.

b. Place the switches and router on a seven year replacement cycle. Add wireless hubs to the library.

c. Place a reserve in the budget after the three years lease time period to cover printer failure.

3

d. Place servers on a three year replacement cycle. Add second server in four years so that servers are on alternate years. This server is for the student package.

6. I added all of the labs requested. The mini-labs and the labs in the social studies rooms will need to wait until the fourth year.

7. I added one server. A second server will be added in the fourth year.8. I added a number of systems to the library.

Assumptions:1. The district will provide the following solutions for the building:

a. Internet connection will come from the district (that is, the district is the ISP)

b. A filter will be providedc. A caching server for internet access will be providedd. Email will be providede. Proxy server will be provided with address translationf. IP scheme will follow a district guideline. DHCP will not be

used.2. The student package would run on the building server for at least

three years. At that point a second server will be purchased.

Security1. IP addresses will be private IP’s with a PIX box at the district main

office. That means that the district will be represented by one public IP and behind the PIX box there will be private IP only. The routers will be 192.X.X.X and the PC’s will be 10.X.X.X. Only the web server and the email server at the district office will have public IP addresses. A Cisco PIX box will translate the addresses for all of the buildings at the district office. The internet service will be provided by the district main office (at a monthly cost of $500 for transport and ISP service because the district belongs to a consortium sponsored by their IU. See the IP addressing scheme below.

2. A PIX firewall will be located at the district’s main building. It will only have limited ports open – html and mail. Any other ports that are to be open will directly map to a specific computer.

3. All computers will have static IPs. That way if anyone is able to connect to a hot port in the building, they would have to know the IP scheme to connect.

4. All ports are disconnected until they are needed and then they are patched in the local closet.

5. All computers are locked down so users cannot access networking areas on their local computers.

6. PING and TRACERT will be turned off.7. Once wireless is added to the library, WEP and MAC address security

measures will be included in the set up.

4

IP Addressing

Public IP’s received from the districts ISP would be limited to the web server, the email server and the PIX box and any other piece that would need a presence on the web, such as a weather station that reports to an external system. Behind the PIX box the IP’s are all private. The routers will all have 192.100.100.X as their IP’s. The computers will connect to closets and the closet will determine the IP. So the MDF in our example might have the IP of 10.5.1.1 to 10.5.1.254. IDF1 might have 10.5.2.1 to 10.5.2.254.. The subnet would be 255.255.255.0.

The next building’s IP’s in their first closet might be 10.6.2.X and so forth. This way you would have to know what closet you were connecting to to know what IP you should use.

Future considerations

I would suggest that the school consider the following additions:1. Presentation carts – a cart with a laptop and a data projector. If there

is no money for a laptop, then make sure there are cables long enough to reach the teacher’s computer.

2. Create mini-labs for classes that request them.3. Grow the number of computers in the library. Perhaps include some

laptops or word processors for the students to sign out. Consider using AlphaSmarts or Danas.

4. Use wireless in the library to avoid poles and to allow for movement.5. Create a distance learning cart – use a system that connects via IP

instead of ISDN. These systems can be found for less then $5000 plus the computer that you would use.

6. Create a storage system to allow for digital video downloads. This way, if a teacher is depending on a video for a lesson, she can download it instead of streaming it.

7. Create a cycle to replace equipment.

5

Wiring Diagram

MDF

IDF#2

IDF #3

IDF #1

MDF

acts as theserver room

as well.

Wireless

Wireless

6

Network Drops PCs Black Laser Printer (Network) Color Laser Printer (Network) Black Laser Printer (Local)

Color Laser Copier (Network)

# #

12

30

30

30

10

10

12

1212

6

6

6

6

6

6

666

6

6

6

66

610 108

4

4

4 4

206

6

6 6

5

5 5

5

20

20

20

1

1

1

1 1 1

1

1

1

1

1 1 1

1

11

1

2

2

1

1

10

1

1

Librarian

7

PRINTERS Total cost $20,013.73

Type Rooms # Model PEPPM TotalIndividual lasers nurse, main office 4 HP 1012 $179.00 $716.00 Large lasers, extra drawer

Planning room near math, all labs

4 HP 2300dn $941.03 $3,764.12

Large lasers, extra drawer

General use in library 1 HP 2300dn $941.03 $941.03

Color laser Art rms 4 HP 3500n $886.51 $3,546.04 Color laser Library (extra drawer/

duplex)1 HP 3700 dtn $2,004.54 $2,004.54

Networked Copier Planning room near LA 1 Toshiba 550 Digital Copier

$8,505.00 $8,505.00

Individual lasers Guidance 3 HP 1012 $179.00 $537.00

State contract

Rationale for printers:

Main office and nurse work with confidential documents. We have decided that each office staff member has a local printer.

We chose lasers because of reduced ongoing costs, and the new local lasers are very reasonably priced.

The guidance department needs to work with confidential documents. Instead of the lock box printer I have changed this to local printers with access to the networked copier that has a security code feature.

All the labs will have large networked lasers to allow for student printing and printing for classrooms. The library will have a large networked laser. This will be used to print from the library and from the classes on that side of

the building as well. The library will also have a networked color laser. Access to this printer will be limited to certain log-ins. The art rooms need to print in color so all four of them will have a networked color laser. All schools need a high volume copier. We had a lot of discussion on whether it should be color or black and white. We

decided on black and white. We believe we have given the building enough color options with the color laser in the library and the color lasers in the art

rooms. The Toshiba copier is also a networked printer, a scanner and a copier. It can also be upgraded to send faxes.

8

This copier also has the ability to print confidential documents. All a person has to do is click confidential in the print setup and enter a code. Then when the go to the printer, then enter the code and the document prints while they are there. This way everyone can print confidential documents.

9

COMPONEN

TS

NUMB

ER

IBM - A50P 8433 COMPAQ - SR1000V DELL - DIMENSION 2400

DELL - DIMENSION 4600

Processor

Intel Pentium 4 2.8GHz




Operating

Microsoft Windows XP

Microsoft Windows XP Microsoft Windows XP

Microsoft Windows XP

System Professional Professional Professional ProfessionalMemory 256 MB 512 MB 128 MB 256MBHard Drive

40GB 7200rpm 80GB 7200rpm 40GB 7200rpm 40GB 7200rpm

Floppy Drive

1.44MB 3.5in. 1.44MB 3.5in. 1.44MB 3.5in. 1.44MB 3.5in.

CD Drive 48x CD-RW 16x DVD + 48x CD-RW

48x CD-RW 16x DVD + 48x CD-RW

Keyboard IBM Preferred Pro Compaq Keyboard Dell Quietkey Keyboard

Dell Quietkey Keyboard

Fullsize KeyboardMouse IBM USB Optical

WheelCompaq Optical Mouse

Dell 2-Button Dell 2-Button

Mouse Scroll Mouse Scroll MouseSpeakers SoundMAX Cadenza Headsets None None

Networking

Intel PRO/100 Ethernet

10/100 Base-T Fast Integrated 10/100 Integrated 10/100

w/Wake on LAN Ethernet Interface Ethernet EthernetGraphics Intel Extreme Integrated Graphics Integrted Intel

ExtremeIntegrted Intel Extreme

Card Graphics 2 Graphics GraphicsSound Card

Audio on Planar Integrated 5.1 Capable Sound

Integrated Audio Integrated Audio

Base Price

140 $699.00 $573.99 $499.00 $679.00 $80,358.60

Monitors 116 15” E54 CRT Monitor 17” Cv 7500 Monitor 17” E773c Monitor

17” E773c Monitor

$100.00 $49.99 $129.00 $129.00 $5798.84

17” C170 CRT Monitor

15” FP15 Flat Panel 15” E152 FPB Flat Panel

15” E152 FPB Flat Panel

$159.00 $249.99 $249.00 $249.00

24 15” L150 Flat Pane 17” FP17 Flat Panel 17” E172 FPB Flat Panel

17” E172 FPB Flat Panel

$379.00 $399.00 $349.00 $349.00 $9576.00

$449.00

Warranty 3 Year Extended Service$100.00 * 140 $14,000.00 $14,000.00

FINAL TOTAL $109,733.44

Changing the monitors gives us a $9,200.00 savings.

Network Servers

Rack Models

HP--ProLiant ML370 G3 Intel Xeon Processor 3.20 GHz/2MB--

rack model

HP--ProLiant DL380 G3 Intel Xeon 3.20 GH/2MB--rack

model

Dell PowerEdge 2605 Intel Xeon

3.2 GH 2MB

Processor IntelXeon 3.20 Ghz/2MB 533MHz X X X

Second processor IntelXeon 3.20 Ghz/2MB 533MHz X X X

Memory 1GB (2X512MB) X X XStorage controller Integrated Dual Channel Wide Ultra

3 SCSI AdapterX

Integrated Smart Array 5i Plus X

Drive cage Hot plug drive cage ultra 3 (tx1 and 1 x 1.6)

X

6.1 hot pluggable hard drive bays X

1st hard drive see to right 18.2GB 18.2GB 36GB2nd hard drive 18.2GB 18.2GB 36GB3rd hard drive 18.2GB 18.2GB 36GB4th hard drive 18.2GB 18.2GB 36GBHP Storage Works hot plug tape drive options

DAT 40 hot plug tape drive X X

Redundant power spuply

X X X

Floppy disk drive X X XCD-ROM/DVD 48X CD-ROM 24X LOW PROFILE X (CD-RW)Network card Compaq

NC7781Two Compaq NC7781

Rack mounting rails sliding rails/cableServer management SmartStart &

Insight Manager 7

SmartStart & Insight Manager 7

Warranty 3-yr next day 3-yr next day 3-yr next dayMonitor HP L1530 15"

flat panel analog/digital &

multimedia

HP L1530 15" flat panel analog/digital &

multimedia

Dell 17" flat panel

Hard Drive Backup 5 bay XTape backup software Veritas X

Cost: $8,593.00 $8,131.00 $8,757.00

This is a great deal for a rack mounted server and allows for expansion for the student package. No changes needed.

Patch Panel Ports; Active Switch Ports; Equipment for IDF; CablingFROM MDF

Room #

Patch

Panel

Ports

Required

Active Switch Ports

Required

Equipment for

IDF

Approximate Run Distance in Meters

Approximate Run

Distance in Feet

Approximate Run

Distance in Feet +

30 for conduit

and walls

CAT 5 Approximat

e Run in Feet + 30 x # of Runs

Fiber Back Bone Runs

Dmark for T-1

(55) 25 180 210 1263

CSU/DSU 45 148 178 3553L-221 30 1 (2) 48

Port Patch Panels

30 98 128 3853 (MDF) IDF #1 > IDF #3 – 315'

Planning Center/ Human-ities

10 5 (1) Fiber Pass Through for Multiple Pairs

25 82 112 1120 MDF> IDF #2 – (265') 50’

Guidance G-219

4 2 (1) 24 Port Switches w/ Fiber Port Modules

15 49 79 317 MDF> IDF #1 – (85') 55’

Guidance

4 2 10 33 63 251

Router 30 0MDF 4 4 File

Server w/ Raid Array and Tape Back-up and loaded enough to serve as CD Tower Emulator

10 33 63 251 (665) 410’

From MDF Totals 52 15

Patch Panel Ports; Active Switch Ports; Equipment for IDF; Cabling

FROM MDF

Room #

Patch

Panel

Ports

Required Active Switch Ports

Required Equipme

nt for IDF

Approximate Run

Distance in Meters

Approximate Run Distance

in Feet

Approximate Run Distance in Feet + 30 for conduit and walls

CAT 5 Approximate Run in Feet + 30 x # of Runs


IDF #1

L-226 6 1 (2) 48 Port Patch Panels

55 180 210 1263

L-225 6 1 (1) Fiber Pass Through for Multiple Pairs

50 164 194 1164

L-224 6 1 (1) 24 Port Switches w/ Fiber Port Modules

45 148 178 1066

L-223 6 1 (1) 24 Port Switches w/ Fiber Port Modules

35 115 145 869

SS-227 6 1 55 180 210 1263

Library 22 12 45 148 178 3553IDF#1 Totals 52 17

IDF #2

Nurse 4 1 (1) 24 Port Switches w/ Fiber Port Modules

10 33 63 251

Dr. Peck's Office

4 1 (3) 24 Port Switches w/o Fiber

20 66 96 382

Port Modules

Middle School Office

8 3 (4) 48 Port Patch Panels

30 98 128 1027

S-214 30 20 (1) Fiber Patch Panel

40 131 161 4837

S-212 10 5 50 164 194 1940S-211 10 5 60 197 227 2269M-206 6 1 70 230 260 1558Planning Center

10 5 80 262 292 2925

A-204 12 8 90 295 325 3903A-202 12 8 100 328 358 4297A-201 12 8 110 361 391 4691A-203 12 8 100 328 358 4297M-205 6 1 90 295 325 1952M-207 6 1 80 262 292 1755


FROM

MDF

Room #

Patch

Panel

Ports

Required Active Switch Ports

Required Equipme

nt for IDF

Approximate Run

Distance in Meters

Approximate Run Distance

in Feet

Approximate Run Distance in Feet + 30 for conduit and walls

CAT 5 Approximate Run in Feet + 30 x # of Runs


M-208 6 1 70 230 260 1558

IDF #2 Totals 148 76

IDF #3

SS-231 6 1 (1) 24 Port Switches w/ Fiber Port Modules

90 295 325 1952

SS-230 6 1 (1) 24 Port Switches w/ Fiber Port Modules

80 262 292 1755

SS-229 6 1 (2) 48 Port Patch Panels

70 230 260 1558

SS-228 6 1 (1) Fiber Pass Through for Multiple Pairs

60 197 227 1361

S-213 6 1 45 148 178 1066S-210 6 1 35 115 145 869M-209 30 21 10 33 63 1884

IDF #3 66 27 63056

63500 / 500

Total Rolls

(127) 500' Rolls


64 Rolls 1000' Plenum CAT5e Cable $249.34 $15,317.76 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/belkin/ca/price.pdf]

1 1000' Duplex Fiber Optic Cable $496.89 $496.89 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/belkin/ca/price.pdf]

1 ADC Kentrox DataSmart 656 CSU/DSU $941.99 $941.99 [http://www.superwarehouse.com/CSU_DSU_Devices/c3/2190]

1 Cisco 2509 Router $602.49 $602.49 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/cisco/price.pdf]4 Quest Series 420 19" 7 ft. Rack

Enclosures$1,439.99 $5,759.96 [http://www.cableorganizer.com/computer-cabinets/

enclosures-racks-19.htm]10 Leviton Telcom T568B 48 Port Patch

Panels$242.13 $2,421.30 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/leviton/price.pdf]

4 Panduit 8 Strand Fiber Adapter Panels $24.61 $98.44 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/nortel/price.pdf]8 Leviton Telcom Wiring Management

Modules$27.40 $274.00

4 CISCO CATALYST 2950C 24 SWITCH w/ Fiber Port

$1,392.07 $5,568.28 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/cisco/price.pdf]

6 CISCO CATALYST 2950 24 SWITCH w/o Fiber Port

$631.03 $3,786.18 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/cisco/price.pdf]

1 Allied Telesyn 6-Port managed 1000LX L2 Fiber (SC) switch

$1,040.75 $1,040.75 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/alliedtelesyn/price.pdf]

3 APC SU2200RMXLNET Smart UPS 2200 VA Rackmount

$674.99 $2,024.97 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/ampowerconv/price.pdf]

1 APC SU1400RMXL3U Smart UPS Rackmount

$1,266.67 $1,266.67 [http://www.peppm.org/2004/Product/ampowerconv/price.pdf]

Aironet Hubs 802.11g Not purchased

Site available for future use.

SUBTOTAL

$39,599.68

Wiring Rational:When you are going to run wires, it is best to run as much as you can. Even though the cable is $15,000, getting the labor and help to run the wire is much more expensive. Many districts have “Pulling Parties” for the community to help pull the wire. What wasn’t included in our original assignment was the labor. If you use community members and local staff to terminate the wire runs, cost is reduced. The fiber however will need to be terminated by an expert.

A recommended situation is to replace 1/5 of the computers every five years.

Network Design Issues

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