Nephrolithiasis-preexisting treatments, phytomedicine and dietary adjustments to mediate litholysis,...

8/11/2019 Nephrolithiasis-preexisting treatments, phytomedicine and dietary adjustments to mediate litholysis, clearances and recovery

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Nephrolithiasis :preexisting treatments, phytomedicine and dietary adjustments to mediate litholysis, clearances and

recovery

LightningIce2014, sept

Introduction

Viewing a radiograph of an enlarge kidney lled with white, round dense calculi would !e a cause ofconcern as stones !etween diameters of v " x mm are una!le to transit through the urethra naturally#$s renal cells would start declining in conditions once calculi formations set in till they !ecomedamaged along with impeding kidney functions, aim would !e in their fast dissipations from thekidneys and restoration of cellular health# %his article focuses on calculi within the kidney region, itintroduces the current existing conventional treatments along with the natural treatment techni&uesthrough dietary adjustments and with her!s# $ novel techni&ue to dissipate accumulated kidneycalculi which is still untested is also !rie'y touched upon#

(revalence

)ighest rates of occurrences have !een found in *audi $ra!ia xx#i+, $merica xiii " xv +, anadaxii+, -urope v " viiii+ rather then within the eastern hemisphere i " v+ . $ggarwal, et al, 201/ #enetic predispositions, dietary and environmental factors might !e an in'uencing factor#ccurring in !oth genders !ut more often in males#

*ymptoms

ften diagnosed !y symptoms of renal colic an excruciating pain from acute ureteral o!structions,nausea, microscopic hematuria, gross hematuria or presence of !lood in urine, edema, tachycardiaand hypertension#

3hile calculi stuck within the renal regions remain asymptomatic unless an infection arises or whenan o!struction occurs# ue to low oxygen distri!utions and a su!ischemic environment, delicaterenal cells are prone to damages . am!aro, et al, 2005 and resultant accumulations of calciumwhilst renal parenchyma or renal pelvis ha!ouring crystalli6ations with various minerals such asphosphate and oxalate often appear#

*everity

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7isk of complete renal failure is low !ut accentuated if patients have preexisting medical conditionsor complications . am!aro, et al, 2001 # onditions that might exacer!ate it include dia!etes,af'icted !y ent8s disease, polycystic kidney disease, fre&uent stone formation recurrences,concurrent urological procedures to remove them, urinary tract infections with struvite stoneo!structions, cystinuria, staghorn calculi, struvite calculi, a6otemia, primary hyperoxaluria,anatomical anomalies of the urology system, spinal column defects 9 injuries or only one functional

kidney present# urdens upon the liver will lead to systemic declines over the long run, kidneyltrations might also !e affected as the conditions worsen# ;n severe cases dialysis and kidneytransplants are availa!le options#

)owever calculi removals are essential as they injure cells declining their condition with time,especially if prolonged, impairing kidney functions and could lead to future !lockages ando!structions#

iagnostic imaging techni&ues

;maging analysis for the exact locational regions, stone composition, si6es, organ and peripheralconditions can !e made with nuclear renal scanning, plain a!dominal radiograph, plain renaltomography, retrograde pyelography, urography and computed tomography scans# %hese havevarying depths of introspection, analysis aspects, precision and various regional specicities#


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$cidic fragment of nucleolin=related protein highly expressed during cellular regenerations whichfacilitates crystal adhesions within lesions, hyaluronan a glycosaminoglycan located upon tu!ularapical mem!ranes with high expressions during cellular proliferations or injuries for the onsets oftissue remodeling# steopontin upregulated at renal distal tu!ule luminal surfaces during cellularinjuries also facilitated the adhesion process#

)igh molecular si6ed, negatively charged hyaluronan a glycosaminoglycan, which forms hydratedgel matrixes that !ind crystals leading to formations of calcied pla&ues and nephrocalcinosis> anevent that occurs when renal tu!ules are lled with crystalli6ations#

rystalli6ation process leading to renal stone formations

?rinary supersaturation initiates the crystalli6ation process within the nephrons# %his involves theinitial solute precipitations scattered all over from an ina!ility to !e dissolved and passed out !y theurinary system, nucleation involves their initial !indings within a lattice structure# ccurring whensome of these solutes form together as clusters#

$ccumulations in mass and particle &uantums occur as more solutes clump together producinggrowths in the mass of agglutinations, this aggregation process also involves the formations of verytight !onds along with glycoprotein additions that seal and !ind them further#

rystal to cell interactions then occur, a process involving their attachments upon apical microvilli ofsurrounding renal cells or pelvic urothelium adhesions, after which an internali6ation occurswhere!y they are ingrained further within organs and tissue layers#

-ndocytosis also occurs within some renal tu!ular epithelial cells leading to crystal growths within,!ut some cells dissolve these internali6ed crystals# 3hen engulfed !y renal cells, some are una!le todissolve these crystals leading to cellular changes instead such as gene expression modications,along with cytoskeleton and microllament reorgani6ations while cellular proliferations of renaltu!ular cells are enhanced# uring mitosis these crystals are also found within the newly formeddaughter cells . @ieske, et al, 1AA4 # ther renal proximal tu!ule cells undergo acutein'ammations after endocytosis leading to in'ammation mediated cell death#

3hile some crystals just adhere to anionic apical cell surfaces leading to accumulations ofundissolved solutes and !igger crystals forming in an upregulatory positive feed!ack loop# ?ponthese apical surfaces of initial growths, when crystal fragments are small they can still !ephagocytosed !y macrophages# ;n'ammations are also a resulting conse&uence of these solute !uiltups when enhanced they can lead to acute necrotic cell death and mem!ranolysis of renal proximaltu!ular cells, erythrocytes, leukocytes, endothelial cells and !ro!lasts#

(reexisting renal lesions occur from a!rasions of solutes and oxidative stress damaging the renalcells, where!y the crystals !ind within these lesioned locations> upon regenerating anddifferentiating cells along with other !inding sites#

oncentrations of 'uid and solu!ilities of these solutes are thus ii aspects often considered whenattempting calculi removals# ;nhi!itions of further growths 9 recurrences are then worked upon#

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alculi chemical compositions

alculi have !een found to !e composed mainly of protein xxxxxxiv +, water x +, nonamino sugarsix#vi + and glucosamine v + . $ggarwal, et al, 201/ # *tudies aimed at examining the correlations!etween protein !indings and stone formations have discovered that amino acids of g=car!oxyglutamic acid, aspartic acid and glutamic acid have a very high afnity !inding with calcium

oxalate stones more than towards calcium phosphate stones . Bleming, et al, 2001 # $s calciumoxalate stones occur most often amongst the other stone types, proteins might !e a facade involvedin onsets of crystalli6ations#

ue to the various chemical !indings, renal calculi can !e composed of deli&uescent, waterdissolva!le, radiodense calcium phosphate a/.(42 from high calcium output within alkalineurine . p) vi#iii and low magnesium for their excessive dissolution to occur#

(ro!lems with proper renal acidication or renal tu!ular acidosis, along with autoimmune diseasesuch as monoclonal protein diseases with peritu!ular deposits or *jogrens disease, causes such alkaliurine which leads to their existence# %he !indings !etween calcium and phosphate occur within theintestinal tract lumens#

ar!onated soft drinks increased dietary phosphorous . phosphoric acid which is one of thepro!a!le factors that could have led to the formations of such stones# 3hile high sugarconcentrations within such soft drinks is also a causative of the formations of any type of renalcalculi# ia!etes and hyperglycemia have also !een found to increase the risk of kidney stonedevelopments . audon, et al, 200C # ;ncomplete renal tu!ular acidosis and a high urinary ph arecharacteristics# 3hen diuretic and calcium !inding vitamin c . ascor!ic acid is an addition withinurine, it acidies the entire solution and these type of stones are dissolved#

ommon calculi type calcium oxalate a24 crystalli6ations occur from high secretions of calcium

and oxalate, !indings which often occur within the gi tract, they re&uire magnesium and vitamins !complexes . ex# pyridoxine, Vitamin !C as a prevention to halt their formations# ommon sourcesof oxalate include dietary excess of rened sugar, fructose, chocolate, cran!erries, rhu!ar!, spinach,high fructose corn syrup, apple juice and grapefruit juice#

ietary risk factors leading to calculi formations include excessive 'uoridated tap water, dietaryoxalates, dairy products, sodium, alcohol, sugar, sesame seeds, meat . %racy, et al, 2014 , sh,shellsh, eggs, sweet potatoes, miso, grapefruit juice and tahini# 3hilst insufcient 'uid 9 calciumintakes contri!ute to their formations#

xalate a!sorptions are high when an entity is incapa!le of a!sor!ing fat and thus is una!le toremove them from the system# $ilments leading to such a state include celiac sprue, rohn8s disease,o!esity surgery : ileal !ypass, ulcerative colitis or chronic pancreatitis# enetic disease such asprimary hyperoxaluria could also lead to such a condition#

alcium is synthesi6ed and a!sor!ed within the gi tract region after which most are stored within!ones# *eldom taken in excess !y most entities with calcium complexed stones, in fact most do noteven take enough dietary calcium# Det such calcium !ased complexes still occur, in the forms of

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calcium phosphate, calcium oxalate or even calcium phosphate oxalate# 3ithin the complex ofcalcium phosphate oxalate, most of it is actually mainly calcium and oxalate# %his is due mainly tohigh phosphorous or high oxalate &uantums which gives rise to these conjugations# ;nhi!itions ofthe accumulations of these calcium salts can !e !rought a!out !y increasing uptakes of high citratesu!stances such as grape, carrot, lime, lemon and orange juice, these also prevent uric acid stonesfrom forming# %rails conducted revealed that orange juice rather than lemonade aided in the

preventions of calcium oxalate and uric acid stone formations . dvina, 200C #

*tudies have found that when phytate intakes were high, the risk of calcium stone formationsdecreased . rases, et al, 200C they also inhi!it calcication of !lood vessels, are neuroprotective,lowers glycemic index, reduces !lood glucose &uantums, are immune system enhances and exertantitumour effects along with antioxidative properties !y preventing catalysis of hydroxyl freeradicals !y iron# %hese include linseeds, almonds, asparagus, ha6elnuts, 'our, mai6e, wheat, navy!eans, !ran, cereals, soy, peanuts, kidney !eans, tomatoes, potatoes, au!ergines and high grain dietswhich contain high &uantums of phytates . ;( C inositol hexaphosphate that inhi!it the excessivecomplexes of calcium#

%hese carry out high afnity !indings within the small intestines with positively charged calcium,6inc, potassium, manganese and iron further inhi!iting mineral a!sorptions and su!se&uentcrystalli6ations# (hytic acid has also !een discovered to exist within calculi of calcium complexes .Earch, et al, 2011 displaying !inding afnities to calcium, !ut due to low &uantums are una!le todissolve and remove them> whilst they have !een found in low secretary urinary outputs in entitieswith kidney calculi . rases, et al, 200C displaying low intakes in these patients#

%reatments involving a reduction in calcium have shown no !enet, !ut when phosphorous oroxalates are reduced stone formations are diminished# %rails have found that upregulations ofcalcium intakes did not increase the risk of calcium stones forming, however stones occurred whencalcium F vitamin were taken together . Bavus, 2011 a likely pro!a!ility as vitamin d enhancesthe rea!sorption of calcium from kidneys#

;t has also !een found that supplements with !isphosphonates an osteoclast=mediated !one massloss inhi!itor, prevents the formations of these calcium !ase stones . Dasiu, et al, 2011 # verallloss of !one mass densities along with recurrent stone formations cumulating in nephrocalcinosisover time, is also a common accompanying factor when calcium phosphate stones start to surface#one meta!olisms may even !e an issue as excessive calciums are leaked into the system instead#%hus the associations !etween systemic calcium loss 9 low a!sorptions accumulating within the renalsystem leading to stone formations can !e seen and the underlying causatives further looked into#

alcium containing crystals is also one of the symptoms of calcium toxicity from excessive calciumintakes along with their low systemic a!sorptions# %his can !e ascertained if other accompanying

symptoms are also present such as senility, cataracts, formations of gallstones, arteriosclerosis,arterial lesions, osteoporosis, !one spurs, arthritis, spondylitis, rigidity, pain, depression, slowmeta!olism, constipation, cancer, muscle weakness and fatigue#

$s calculi formations are due mainly to salt and mineral im!alances, correcting these im!alances can!e carried out with other minerals so as to eliminate them and prevent recurrences# alcium is oftendissolved !y magnesium, keeping them solu!le thus their retentions within the system and

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formations of hard, calcium crystalli6ations within organs are uncommon#

Eagnesium has thus often !een the therapy for dissolving and removal of these calcium calculi#Eeta!olisms of mg decrease with age, thus their declines leading to stones formations were exploredin some trials# ;t was found that kidney stone forming patients had normal magnesium meta!olisms,higher in males than female, however their urinary mg output was lower than non kidney stone

forming controls . Gohansson, et al, 1A50 thus re'ecting the lower calcium solu!ilities andeffective removals# Vitamin ! vi and magnesium oxide have also !een found to increase mg urinaryoutputs and the su!se&uent decline in calculi developments . 7attan, et al, 1AA4 #

%reatments with magnesium hydroxide was found to !e safe and effective in reducing stoneformations and their recurrences during clinical studies . Gohansson, et al, 1A52 # *odiumthiosulphate also aided in preventions of calcium crystalli6ations recurrences in patients . Dat6idis,1A5H # 3hile sodium cellulose phosphate has also !een found to !e rather effective in decreasingcalcium phosphate stones . ackman, et al, 1A50

;nfection within the urinary tract regions arise from infections !y urease splitting micro!es throughhydrolysis of urea to ammonium such as urease containing *taphylococcus aureus, Ile!siella spp,(roteus spp and (seudomonas thus inducing struvite . magnesium ammonium phosphate


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would !e a conse&uence#

3hen calcium phosphate stones are formed underlying conditions that induced these initialformations can !e also understood# %hese include hyperparathyroidism . upregulation of hormonesthat increases ions of calcium , hypercalciuria, hypocitruria or renal tu!ular acidosis# %hey couldalso lead to the most common type of calculi developments : calcium oxalate#

?rea splitting !acterial involved in urinary tract infections give rise to struvite calculi# ystinuriaenhances the formation of cystine calculi, a stone formation that seldom occurs> more often inchildren, while hyperuricosuria and an acidic urinary p) . v#v leads to uric acid developments .3agner, et al, 2010 also an occurrence during the onset of gout#

onventional treatment method : drugs

onventional treatment methods for ureteric calculi include hydrations with ;V or oral 'uids indehydrated patients or those with stones diameters of less than iv mm to increase urinary volumesand thus their clearances# )owever this is not recommended for patients without dehydration andwith larger stone diameters as it could lead to pain, discomfort and dangers of excessive 'uidaccumulations within the !ladder especially if already o!structed !y calculi# $dministration of drugssuch as : $lpha !lockers as a ureter smooth muscle relaxant and to enhance ureter calculi removals .@ipkin, et al, 200C are also carried out, these include tamsulosin, tera6osin and doxa6osin#

$ntiemetics relief the accompanying nausea, pain and fever symptoms these include


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?ricosuric agents which decrease uric acid within the system !y increasing their clearances are alsoadministered when calculi are present# )owever this might lead to enhance uric acid crystalformations and are thus not suita!le for uric acid calculi, !ut some are used in the treatments ofcalcium oxalate calculi removals# -xamples of these include pro!enecid, losartan, feno!rates and!en6!romarone#

$nalgesics such as strong opioids for symptomatic pain relief are very important as well, they can !eadministered su!cutaneously or intramuscularly# %hese include !utorphanol, meperidine andmorphine# )owever they cross the placenta !arrier and are thus not suita!le for patients duringstates of pregnancy# *ome depress the respiratory centers of !rain stem region while others reducekidney !lood perfusions too, thus the condition of kidneys, patient, age and health have to !einitially ascertained !efore a suita!le analgesic chosen#

onventional treatment method : surgical

alculi removal procedures can !e non invasive, minimally invasive or invasive# %hese proceduresvary in effectiveness !ased upon the si6e of stones, densities, their num!ers and particular regions#%hey include urethra stent insertions followed !y non invasive extracorporeal shock wavelithotripsy, dual pulse shock wave lithotripsy . *okolov, et al, 2011 , minimally invasive laserlithotripsy . Ielly, et al, 1AAH , ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, percutaneousnephrostomy and open nephrostomy#

entle, non invasive, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has !een found to !e highly effective .Iramolowsky, et al, 1A5C , however depending on the si6e and num!er of calculi, repeatedprocedures might !e re&uired for their complete eradication#

7isk factors include pulveri6ed fragments of stone !locking the ureter and damages to thesurrounding renal structures from high pressure resonance of these acoustic waves# *omething toconsider if repeated procedures are necessary#

onventional treatment methods : risk factors

)owever some of these drugs and techni&ues come with their own various contraindications,complications, side effects and surgical risk 9 complications . K$ddessi et al, 2012 9 traumaswhich might not !e want a patient would like to undergo, while some o!structions due to calculisi6e, mineral compositions of stones and !lockage regions along with systemic conditions such asa!dominal aortic aneurysms, !leeding disorders or patients with urinary tract infections might not!e suita!le candidates for some of the procedures#

%hus phytomedicines along with dietary adjustments can !e carried out immediately to speed their

clearances and aid in kidney recovery# *ome effective her!s with varying &uantums of toxicity workas well such as kelp which aid in preventing onsets of kidney stones at the same time !alancing thethyroid iodine levels as thyroid ailments are also a characteristic of calculi formations, however theycontain arsenic and is thus to !e avoided# $s plants !loom vulnera!ly in the wild, toxins exist withincertain species to protect them from predators# $rsenic containing her!s are to !e avoided as theyare shunted within cere!ral vasculatures when further coupled with vasodilating functions, this isdangerous# *ome common food types contain arsenic too, such as rice thus the intake has to !e

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extremely low and not concurrent if some are accustomed to such dietary products# %hesecar!ohydrates can !e su!stituted with safer and healthier options instead, such as corn'akes withvitamin ! i, ii, iii, vi, ix, xii or cellular protective selenium and vitamin ! ix within pasta# ommoncontaminants such as mercury, lead and pesticides are to !e avoided as well#

$s the focus is on total !ody healing, well !eing and recovery this article touches only upon the non

toxic yet effective her!s#


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these are not recommended# %here are many li&uid varieties without the alcohol content, thesewould make a !etter option# ;ntakes of li&uid her!s ought to !e !etween a range of i " v drops whentaken internally#

$s the specic !iochemistry of individual physiological systems vary, certain her!s might work wellfor some !ut produce moderate or varying results in others# %hus when trying a her! for the rst

time it is essential to !e aware of its effects upon the system and to stop at any signs of discomfort#Eost her!s exert a holistic effect, !eing specic for certain ailments yet exerting positive overallcellular effects as well#

Eerging of phytomedicine with drugs tend to produce strange 9 excessively amplied effects uponinteractions, the safety of their com!inations have to !e ascertained initially !efore suchinteractions 9 intakes are carried out# %hough most of the time, such mixtures are not recommended#$llergies of an entity might also affect the safety 9 efcacy of phytomedicine#

7ed palm oil

%his is one of the very few oils that can !e safely drank for a period not exceeding vi months#uring a trail, it was found to change the texture of !lood# %urning it from dry, corse and 'aky .excessively thick and viscous the same !lood condition that leads to the formation of aneurysms> toa smoother more mucoidal and light texture# %his aids in overall !lood circulation within the vesselswhere the !lood can course through smoothly# ;t would thus increase !lood circulations and 'ows atthe kidney regions, along with increasing the clearance of stony precipitates and reducing theirfrictional impedance as they are ltered through delicate nephrons and moved along during theclearance process# %he micro agglutinate precipitates can also !e removed easily and theirextrusions from within sheaths of cellular layers would !e enhanced#

%his can also !e taken for prevention of aneurysm formations, however it can only !e carried outafter the aneurysm has !een dissipated> not !efore or during, so as to avoid its mo!ility andcausative of a stroke or !eing lodge somewhere else within vessels, organs or tissues# $s for theactual dissipation and after care that would involve another formula# $neurysms are thick clots,smooth in texture and coagulative in nature, they vary from kidney calculi due to the texture anddensities thus are different in ease and 'uidity of mo!ility# alculi on the other hand have highfriction and are heavier and denser moieties, thus a risk of mo!ility is much lower than an aneurysmand red palm oil can !e taken during the removal process to facilitate their clearances 9 passagesduring and after the dissolving process#

il in general is not recommended for daily ingest if someone has high !lood lipids or a history 9tendency towards the developments of artery coagulations, high cholesterol, fat accumulates or fattypla&ue !uild ups# ut due to the light texture and low lipid content of red palm oil, it can help a

system not loaded with vascular lipids restore a !etter circulatory condition and texture, thusenhancing kidney ltrations and the detoxication processes#

osage with a safe cap would !e x = xx ml drank daily, once a day, for a period !etween iii = vmonths# $nytime congestion or discomfort is felt, if any it would !e immediate, it should !e stopped#%his would !e the !est su!stance to aid in kidney clearance of the stones and can !e taken alongwith the other her!s# %hese work in synchrony to enhance kidney !lood ltrations and facilitate

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calculi !reak downs and removals#

$ note a!out oil, since we are on this topic# oconut oil cannot !e ingested this way as it facilitatesartery coagulations 9 congestions, thus impeding !lood 'ows and proper kidney circulations, it isalso harder to remove from the vasculature# onsumptions during cookings ought to !e alright if invery low moderations, however it is not recommended for an entity with kidney conditions#

)owever coconut juice is very healthy and in synchrony with the physiological system, just the oilfrom the coconut that has to !e avoided#

)ydrochloric acid

-na!les the chelation and thus !indings of calcium with amino acids, preventing their insolu!lecrystalli6ations while acidifying urine# alcium utili6ations and a!sorptions are further hindered ifintestinal acids are low# $pple cider vinegar, lemon juice, ginger, celery and !lack olives increase hclwithin the system and are a!le to dissolve some of these calculi# otanicals containing !etaine hclwould also exert a similar effect# %hese are aided !y vitamin ! i, ! vi, 6inc small &uantums of seasalts and hcl production regulator vitamin ! iii# Vitamin ! vi has also !een found in trails to inhi!itrecurrences of calculi, of the oxalate variety along with reducing the risk of calculi formations withinkidneys . urhan, et al, 1AAA # 3hen apple cider vinegar is mixed with honey, !lood perfusionswithin the renal system is also upregulated thus enhancing ltrations and the dissolving of renalstones#

iuretics and calculi dissolving juices and teas : fruits, vegeta!les, nuts

$part from fresh, distilled drinking water consumed at regular intervals . ii hourly , juices and teasare also very effective as diuretics and nephron ltration improving lithotriptic agents# holinedeciencies can lead to low urinary volume outputs while high volume outputs enhancesdetoxications, reduced saturation of solutes and the eliminations of the solutes that causes calculi#

*ymptoms include extremely saturated and concentrated urine output that appears unnaturallythick, dark in colorations in various hues of !rown and is very scant in &uantum along with apungent scent from solute accumulates#

-xhausted kidneys tend to !e declining in their function as well, thus placing a greater strain uponthe liver# ?ric acid accumulations from inhi!ited clearances would also occur as one of thedownstream effects#

*ome liver stressed symptoms that accompany kidney calculi formations include !rain fog,headaches, !loodshot eyes, fatigue, !romyalgia, aches and pains of joints, reduced muscular'exi!ilities, insomnia, high !lood pressure, digestive disorders, high cholesterol, rashes, in'amed

skin conditions, acne and skin in !ad conditions#

)igh in vitamins ! and calcium coconut water contains potassium citrate which aids in thedissolving and eliminations of calculi . (riya, et al, 2014 along with their preventions# %heycontain anti micro!ial peptides that are effective agains human gram " and F strains, thus aiding inpreventing of opportunistic infections during renal calculi formations from cellular wounds or in utiinduced renal struvite crystalli6ations . Eandal, et al, 2005 #

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itrates are also contained within lemon juice which aids in the dissolving process, com!ined withcherry juice they carry out dissolving of uric acid crystals as well#

(omegranate juice and seeds enhance sodium removal, thus increasing calcium urinal loss,potassium within pomegranate regulates the excessive sodium loss, thus preventing excess calciumwithin renal sys# %his also aids in eliminating them form the kidneys# $long with decreasing the

production of free radicals within injured regions and healing the cells affected# xidative stressdeclined along with crystalli6ations of calcium oxalate, while it was found to !e safe to consume .%racy, et al, 2014 # (rotein glycations surface symptomatically as skin wrinkles# ;nhi!itions offructose enhanced glycations of protein conjugates have also !een found to occur when this juicewas consumed . orsy, et al, 2014 as calculi are made up of high composites of protein !indingswhilst ingest of high fructose also leads to their initial formations, pomegranates aid in calculicrystalli6ation inhi!itions too#

)igh citrate containing pineapple has proteolytic en6yme !romelain and straw!erry juice .moderate oxalate &uantums dissolves and clears stones out of the renal sys while high potassiumconcentrations within watermelon carry out dissolving of stones and their removals along withmaking the cellular environments incondusive for micro!ial propagation as water is removed fromthem#

ilantro, celery, 'ower head of high !er artichoke, calculi risk lowering> high potassium .)irvonen, et al, 1AAA containing !anana, high potassium, !er and iodine containing watercress,high insolu!le !er apricots, nutmeg, lithotriptic linseed, lithotriptic cherry, lithotriptic radish,cantaloupe, tomato, pickle, garlic and ginger juices mediate the same effects#

%hese juices can !e mixed with a ii teaspoons " a ta!lespoon of high vitamin !, potassium,manganese and magnesium containing, kidney strengthening, honey# $n acidic moiety of glucoseand fructose monosaccharides, antioxidative, antimicro!ial . effective against *taphylococcus spp#and (seudomonas spp# , immune enhancing, cellular healing, enhancing of cellular regenerations .*ell, et al, 2012 , readily a!sor!ed !y the system unlike sugar and suita!le for high meta!olismre&uiring organs such as the kidney and nephron !lood ltration units along with the cardiovascularsystem, taken together with high !er !read or during meals to prevent gastric# iets with !er .3); 3riting roup, et al, 2014 even vegeta!le !res . )ess, et al, 1AA4 have !een shown toprevent calculi formation risk#

iuretics and calculi dissolving teas : amellia sinensis

3hilst low oxalate containing amellia sinensis have !een discovered to dissolve calculi viahydrogen !indings of their phenols to oxalate within calcium oxalate mineral salts . hen, et al,2010 # Iidney dysfunctions and 9 cellular injuries !y oxidative !ursts, free radical generations and

stressors would also !e reduced as they exert protective anti oxidant activities !y innate metalchelating polyphenols catechins . Doko6awa, et al, 2012 # ;mproved mitochondria respirationswithin renal cells have also !een found to occur with intakes of japanese green tea, along withdecreasing glycations . Eustata, et al, 200H # $s calculi are also !onded and crystalli6ations alongwith cellular adhesions occur via interactions with many of these collagen !ased !inders throughcross linkages, green tea would aid in the dissolving and clearances in addition to deterring theirinitial crystalli6ations and integrations within cells 9 organ depths, this would !e an occurrence in

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calcium !ased crystals#

(hytomedicine

$lthaea ofcinalis

@ithotriptic $lthaea ofcinalis is compose of phenolic acids, amino acid asparagine with diuretic andcalculi dissolving effects, after hydrolysis it produces ammonia and aspartic acid while enhancingrenal cellular activities for increased ltered 'uid out'ows . existing in other plants such as lettuce,asparagus, potato, dahlia, peas, chestnuts, !eans mucilage . galacturonorhamnan andara!inogalactans , pectin . uronic acid concentrations !ind to calcium aiding in calculi dissolvingsand crystalli6ation inhi!itions , phenolic acids, phytosterols, &uercetin, sucrose, antioxidants .'avonoids 5=hydroxyluteolin and 5=!=gentio!ioside kaempferol, tannins, coumarins . antioxidativeand antiin'ammatory scopoletin which lowers glycemic indexes , starch, sugars, volatile oil and'avonoids#

entle upon mucus mem!ranes from the emollient mucilage productions, forming an antiin'ammatory . )age=*leiman, et al, 2011 protective layer of mucous coats . eters et al, 2010 upon renal and digestive tracts, increasing expressions of cytokines, % thus mediating a cleansing andremovals from the system#

%his her! works very well upon the kidney, one of the her!s with highest afnity with kidneys andthe !est for calculi removals, smoothing and cleansing them along with strong diuretic actions#

$s calculi are hard and dry in nature, suita!le her!s for the treatments would !e a!le to dissolve andremove them along with reversing this arid inner physiological state# *ystemic !alances wouldinclude a harmony of her!s directed towards increasing moistures and enhancing 'uidity andsoftening properties#

)er!s with similar mucilage constituents and mucous producing functions include $lthea rosea,?lmus ru!ra, %rigonella foenum graecum, *ymphytum ofcinale and Ealva neglecta#

?pregulators of moisture and 'uidity to prevent excessive saturations and ena!le dissolvings to !ecarried out efciently include her!s such as (lantago major and *tellaria media# hanging thetextures of 'uids within !y natural oil additions thus enhancing their detachments and su!se&uent

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clearances include her!s such as high !re psyllium seed, *alvia ofcinalis, $ngelica and $rctiumlappa#

*olidago virgaurea

*olidago virgaurea contains essential oil, oleanolic acid, /, H=di==caffeoyl &uinic acid, 'avonoids

. astragalin, hyperoside, iso&uercetin, nicoti'orin, &uercetin, and rutin , immunomodulatorysaponin, tannins, acetylenes, methyl /, H=di==caffeoyl &uinate, acylated !isdesmosidic triterpenoidglycosides of polygalacicacid . 2 !eta, / !eta, 1C alpha, 2/=tetrahydroxyolean=12=en=25=oic acid ,!eta=dictyopterol, !eta=amyrin acetate, trans=phytol, kaempferol, kaempferol=/==rutinoside, ent=germacra=4.1H, H, 10 .14 =trien=1!eta=ol, polysaccharides, phenolic glucosides . leicarposide'avonols, 'avones . luteolin, apigenin and phenolic acids . rosmarinic, chlorogenic, ellagic, caffeicacids . )aghi, et al, 2010 #

$ diuretic . von Iruedener, et al# 1AAH that aids in eliminating calculi !y dissolvings along withtheir crystalli6ation preventions, often found effective in kidney calculi treatments . Eel6ig, 2004 ,it has analgesic effects, antioxidative . Eeyer, et al, 1AAH , is anti=in'ammatory, effective againstmicro!es and shown to !e efcient in terminations of $canthamoe!a sp# . erda, et al, 200A and*taphylococcus aureus . *tarks, et al, 200A , urinary tract 9 kidney infections, excessive mucousproductions, arthritis, lowering of !lood pressure, dia!etes, gout and is effective for renal woundhealing and recovery process#

hamaemelum no!ile

omposed of mucilage, anti histamine a6ulenes . chama6ulene , car!ohydrates, tocopherols,hydroperoxides . 7Lcker, et al, 1A5A , carotenoids, proteins, terpenoids, tannins, essential fattyacids, H==caffeoyl&uinic acid, antispasmodic 'avonoids . apigenin, luteolin, patuletin, &uercetin, ,antimicro!ial alpha=!isa!olol, phenolic acids, hypoglycaemic . IMnig, 1AA5 chamaemeloside .arnat , et al, 2004 , phenols, 'avonoids . 'avonols and 'avonols and organic acids . oxalic,citric, malic, &uinic and fumaric acids . uimarNes, et al, 201/ , tiglic acid, ses&uiterpene lactones,farnesene, angelic acid, hydroxycoumarins, coumarins and alpha pinene#

an !e com!ined with *olidago virgaurea# ;t is uric acid dissolving, mucous producing, anti=in'ammatory, antioxidative . ioanc, et al, 200A antimicro!ial . 7Lcker, et al, 1A5A , analgesic,immuno stimulating, acetylcholinesterase inhi!iting sedative and nerve soothing, amelioratesepilepsy, anti estrogenic, digestive acid production enhancing functions and is an effective diuretic#

$part from facilitating clearances of crystalli6ations, it aids in wound healing, rash, ec6ema, gout,osteoporosis, urether spasms mediated !y $ch 9 histamine . Eurti, et al, 2012 , dia!etes, insomnia,arthritis, gastrointestinal disorders and is in in'ammatory pain relief#

$gathosma!etulina

onsists of !ioactive mucilage, ! vitamins, tannins, phenols, phosphodiesterase inhi!itor rolipram,pulegone, isopulegone 'avonoids . hesperidin, &uercitin, rutin, diosmin essential oils consisting. isomenthone, limonene, diosphenol, isopulegone , stereoisomeric cis O trans 5=mercapto=p=methan=/=one, 5=acetylthiomenthone, piperitone epoxide=menthon, p=cymol, terpineol, terpenes and

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agathosma_betulinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agathosma_betulina


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resins#

%rials to investigate their antimicro!ial functions were carried out and it was effective against somecommon kidney and urinary system micro!es such as -scherichia spp, *taphylococcus aureus,Ile!siella spp, (roteus spp, (seudomonas spp and -nterococcus spp . eetha, et al, 2012

-ffective in decreasing in'ammations of renal system, along with removing infection causativeorganisms as it possesses anti!acterial properties# $ phytomedicine often taken during ailmentsinvolving kidneys . *impson, 1AA5 , relieves cystitis, urethritis, coats the mem!ranes with mucousfor smooth calculi removals and acts as a weak diuretic#

ther functions include wound healing, antiseptic actions, inhi!ition of spasms, gastrointestinaldisorders, dysuria and cystitis#

%araxacum ofcinale

onsist of vitamins ! vi, magnesium, calcium, potassium, high !er content, triterpenes,ses&uiterpene, taraxasterol, taraxacin, taraxacerin, inulin,%of=Br, pectin, coumestrol, apigenin

luteolin, gallic acid, linolenic acid and choline#

$n efcient phytomedicine in treatments of dia!etes, kidney and liver dysfunctions, gall disordersalong with gall calculi removals, increasing synthesis of fat emulsifying !ile, and kidney calculidissolving, remove toxins from !lood and gastrointestinal system, lowers cholesterol, cleanse thekidneys aiding in effective ltrations along with particulate matter clearances, dissolves uric acid,antimicro!ial, arthritis, mildly analgesic, gastrointestinal disorders, a strong diuretic for higherurinary outputs thus decreasing suprasatuations . lare, et al, 200A , liver and kidney tonic#

%his is effective against the stress upon organs from calculi onsets along with their reha!ilitationsafter calculi in'icted injuries, increases !lood circulation and perfusions of which are necessary

within kidneys for effective ltrations and su!se&uent calculi removals, along with clearances ofedema#

$rctostaphylos uva=ursi

omposed of magnesium, copper, manganese . Ioniec6yPski, et al, 2012 , antimicro!ial glycosidear!utin a mild diuretic and melanin synthesis inhi!itor, methyl=ar!utin, mild diretic iso&uercetin,syringic acids, ellagic and gallic acid, tannins, p=coumaric, glycosides . myricitrin, iso&uercitrin,&uercitrin, hyperin 'avonoids . myricetin, hyperoside, &uercetin , triterpenes, monotropein,piceoside and trpenoids . alpha amyrin, mild diretics ursolic acid #

%raditionally used for kidney infections and helps relieve pain and cleanse the urinary tract as well,supports kidney function, kidney 9 renal system infections, cystitis, urolithiasis, uric acid eliminator,edema within urinary tracts, !ladder and urethra calculi dissolvings, mild astringent, antiseptics,treatment against renal infections caused !y common uti pathogens *taphylococcus aureus .*nowden, et al, 2014 , -scherichia spp, (roteus spp#, it has !een found to !e a strong antimicro!ial . %olmacheva, et al, 2014 along with exerting antioxidative and in'ammatory inhi!itinga!ilities . @ee, et al, 2012 #

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Ruercus salicina

%rials to identify the chemical constituents were carried out, !ioactive molecules include 'avonoidsand antioxidative phenolic compounds . resveratrol, &uercetin, rutin, gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid,myricetin, t=cinnamic, naringenin, hesperetin, formononetin, !iochanin $, !eta resorcylic acid,naringin, kaempferol,veratric acid, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, vanillin,chlorogenic acid, hesperedin, caffeic acid, homogentisic acid, pyrogallol, vanillic acid, =coumaricacid, m=coumaric acid, catechin p=coumaric acid . Iim, et al, 2012 #

-xerts a diuretic effect, while dissolving calculi along with anti=in'ammatory functions# -ffects areeffective against kidney and ureteral located calculi# ?pregulations of insulin productions also occur,while cellular protective and antioxidative effects were discovered . *ong, et al, 201/ . Iim, 2005#

;t has also !een found to inhi!it the crystalli6ations and recurrences of calcium calculi . facilitating !indings and aiding in their removals andcrystalli6ation inhi!itions, contain phenolic anthra&uinones . Vaishali Vyas et al# 2011 , theseinclude effective her!s such as 7hamnus purshianus and 7umex crispus#

%he essential key mineral and !otanicals effective for calculi dissolving, removals and recurrencepreventions have !een discussed# Eany of them function as kidney strengtheners and aid in kidneytonications as well, this is essential for the organ and cellular healing process throughout the calculiremoval procedures and restoration of optimal kidney function, renal systemic !alances and overallsystemic health#

%hough the !otanicals, phytomedicines and minerals will remove the calculi, the underlying cause ofthese crystalli6ations are to !e investigated and treated so as to permanently prevent recurrences#

*ome other her!s exhi!iting similar effects against kidney calculi while effective for the restorationof gradual renal system homeostasis include : irch, $rgemone mexicana, $rum maculatum,cimum !asilicum, Bicus virens, (runus spinosa, $rctium, innamomum verum, 7osmarinusofcinalis, (hyllanthus niruri, rataeva magna , Vi!urnum opulus, Tea mays, lycyrrhi6a gla!ra,Boeniculum vulgare, -utrochium purpureum, )i!iscus, -&uisetum, )ortensia de Virginie,Guniperus communis, $mmi visnaga, @o!elia, (arietaria ofcinalis, pycnogenol from (ine !ark,ioscorea villosa, *alvia ofcinalis, *partium junceum, %ragopogon porrifolius, ?rtica dioica andValeriana ofcinalis#


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;t8s resonance will !e just sufcient to accelerate the scattering of the particulate8s particles thusshattering the !onds that !ind them together as a crystalline structure returning them to the isolatedatomic form thus powdery in nature and easily cleared rather than a !onded entire stone and theseparticles can !e then !e 'ushed out form the kidneys in their atomic micro crystalline structures3here!y they will !e removed through the renal system easily without !eing lodged or accumulatedwithin#

)owever a specic fre&uency of light that can function this way has yet to !e derived or tested#%echni&ue involves guided imaging analysis for exact calculi depth and locations and precisiondirection of a !eam of light within at a fre&uency that is safe to the tissue layers penetrated# ?ponreaching the specic stone layers it8s energy is changed at that particular depth to one with a higherenergy eld resonance# %he light particle scatters can !e accelerated gradually till they spiral fasterand from the downward pressure of an additional applied energy eld that mediates this increase inscatter, the momentum force accumulates with max acceleration just at the distal tip region : cycloneconcept# 3ith the spin strongest in velocity at the distal !asal region thus !reaking down the calculi,yet not harming the cells a!ove> this would mediate sufcient atomic scattering and dissipation ofthe agglutinations and dissipating them into particles#

$n ideal treatment in theory as it can !e carried out externally, eliminated pro!a!ility of painsensations, without harm to the surrounding cells or tissue thus not inhi!iting overall kidneyfunctions or risking systemic health while eradicating the calculi fast and in a way that can !esmoothly cleared out !y the renal system#

%he follow up can !e carried out with the her!s mentioned a!ove for the detoxications andclearances of the micro particulates away from the kidney and !ladder system# 3hen calculiremnant clearances are complete, renal cells can !e su!se&uently treated with healing andregenerative her!s to !ring the injured 9 frictionally lesioned cells 9 mem!ranes !ack to optimalconditions so they can carry out their cellular functions and !e in synchrony with renal and systemicfunctions once again#

ietary ha!its have to !e thought a!out and changes made and maintained through the yearsfurther preventing risks of calculi recurrence#

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Nephrolithiasis-preexisting treatments, phytomedicine and dietary adjustments to mediate litholysis,...

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