Negotiations to Amend the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement

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Negotiations to Amend the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA) BINATIONAL PUBLIC FORUM Date: September 8, 2011/ September 13, 2011 Time: 1:00 p.m.– 5:00 p.m. (EDT)/ 9:00am – 1:00pm (CDT) Location: Toronto/ Chicago

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Presented at the Aug. 2011 Lake Erie LaMP Forum hosting by the Ohio Environmental Council

Transcript of Negotiations to Amend the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement

Page 1: Negotiations to Amend the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement

Negotiations to Amend the 

Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement

(GLWQA)

BINATIONAL PUBLIC FORUM

Date: September 8, 2011/ September 13, 2011Time: 1:00 p.m.–

5:00 p.m. (EDT)/ 9:00am –

1:00pm (CDT)

Location: Toronto/ Chicago

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1. Overview of the GLWQA

2. Negotiations to amend the 

GLWQA

3. Stakeholder and Public 

Engagement 

4. Directions for an 

Amended GLWQA

5. Perspectives and 

Questions 

AGENDA

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Overview of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement 

• Current GLWQA

• Previous Updates to the GLWQA

• Review of the GLWQA (2004 –

2007)

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• Guided environmental protection efforts for the 

last 38 years   

• Purpose is to “restore and maintain the chemical,    

physical, and biological integrity of the waters of  the Great Lakes Basin Ecosystem.”

• Commits Canada and the United States to 

implement programs to manage nutrients and  reduce toxic chemicals

• Establishes Areas of Concern (AoCs) and 

Lakewide Management Plans (LaMPs)

Current GLWQA

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Previous Updates to the GLWQAPrevious Updates to the GLWQA

1972 1978 1983 1987

ReducePhosphorus Loading

Reduction of 

visible pollution

PersistentToxicSubstances

Ecosystem Approach to management

(PhosphorusSupplement)

UpdatedPhosphorusreduction 

targets

RemedialAction Plansfor Areas ofConcern

LakewideManagement 

Plans

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Review of the GLWQA (2004 Review of the GLWQA (2004 ––

2007)2007)

January 2004 ‐

Canada and the U.S. commence binational 

review 

2007 ‐

Governments complete a comprehensive public review 

of the operation and effectiveness of the current Agreement

Key Findings of the Review:

Purpose of the Agreement remains valid

Many provisions are outdated 

Some pressing issues/emerging threats are not addressed

Roles of government and public are not clear

Treatment of accountability is weak

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Negotiations to Amend the  Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement 

• Negotiations to Amend the GLWQA

• Negotiation Process

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Review establishes solid 

foundation for formal 

negotiation process to 

amend the Agreement

••

June 13, 2009 ‐

Secretary 

of State Clinton & Foreign 

Affairs Minister Cannon 

announce decision to 

enter into negotiations

Negotiations to Amend the GLWQANegotiations to Amend the GLWQA

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• Phased‐approach to Negotiations

• Canada/U.S. Plenary Sessions–

First session held January 27th

2010

Second session held April 8th, 2010–

Third session held June 16th

and 17th, 2011

Fourth session scheduled for October 24th

and  25th, 2011

Negotiation ProcessNegotiation Process

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Stakeholder and Public Engagement

• Binational Engagement: GLWQA Review

• Binational Engagement: GLWQA Negotiations

• Domestic Engagement: GLWQA Negotiations

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Significant engagement process for the GLWQA review (2004‐7)

At the request of Governments, the International Joint 

Commission:•

undertook broad public engagement

held 15 public meetings around the basin

organized web dialogue ‐

online discussion over 4 days  

engaged 4,100 people 

delivered synthesis report of public comments (2006)

The Parties established 9 working groups and held a special 

governance workshop•

Over 350 Canadians and Americans representing a broad 

cross‐section of the Great Lakes community participated•

Resulted in 2007 Agreement Review Committee Report

Binational Engagement: GLWQA Review

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Webinar ‐

January 14, 2010

Governance and Negotiation process 

Written Comments solicited from January 14 –

February 15

Webinar Series –

June 7 ‐9, 2010

Governance, Toxics, Nutrients, Aquatic Invasive Species, Science, 

Climate Change, Habitats and Species, Ship Source Pollution –

Written Comments solicited from May 27 – July 9

NGOs and Issue Lead Bilateral Discussions ‐

September 9‐15, 2010

Governance, Toxics, Nutrients, Aquatic Invasive Species, Science, 

Climate Change, Habitats and Species

Public Fora and Webinar ‐

September 8‐13, 2011

Directions for the renewed Agreement

Written comments solicited August 25  ‐

September 20

Binational Engagement: GLWQA Negotiations

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Canada:–

Stakeholder Advisory Panel 

Government of Canada Advisory Committee

Provincial Advisory Committee 

Chiefs of Ontario ‐

First Nations Advisory Panel 

Métis Nation of Ontario Advisory Panel

United States:–

U.S. Policy Committee and Public Meetings – May 2010

Federal Consultations

State and Tribal Consultations

U.S. Policy Committee – February 2011

Domestic Engagement: GLWQA Negotiations

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Directions for an Amended   Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement 

• What is being retained?

• What is being streamlined?

• What is being improved/enhanced?

• What is being added?

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What is being retained?•

Purpose of the Agreement: 

“to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and 

biological integrity of the waters of the Great Lakes 

Basin Ecosystem.”

Geographic scope of the Agreement:

Five lakes, connecting channels and international 

section of the St. Lawrence River

Commitment to the restoration of ecosystem health in 

Areas of Concern (Remedial Action Plans)

Commitment to the use of Lakewide Management Process 

and Plans

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LaMP and RAP processes 

Definitions throughout the agreement

Consolidation of annexes and references to:–

Science

Ship Source Discharges–

Nutrients

Toxic Substances–

International Joint Commission

What is being streamlined?

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What is being improved/enhanced? Governance of the Agreement

General objectives:  Drinkable, swimmable, fishable,  health of system

Lake Ecosystem Objectives:  Ecosystem approach to  water quality, with desired endpoints for restoration  and protection for each of the lakes

Specific objectives based on best available science,  subject to appropriate public consultation, reporting, 

review and revision

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What is being improved/enhanced?                   RAPs and LaMPs

Remedial Action Plans (RAPs)•

Area of Concern in recovery stage.

Re‐designation of individual Beneficial Use Impairments once 

restored

Lakewide Management Plans (LaMPs)•

Address all

environmental stressors impacting water quality

Address issues at a lake‐scale and cumulative issues not 

addressed by any other issue annexes •

Develop a nearshore assessment approach and management 

framework and implement through LaMPs •

Address dredging and contaminated sediment issues through 

nearshore framework 

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What is being improved/enhanced? Binational Management Framework

New Executive Committee to replace the existing  Binational Executive Committee:

Principal binational management forum

Meet twice annually

Similar membership as Binational Executive Committee 

Annex‐specific sub‐committees would report to the new 

Executive Committee

Executive Committee to meet every 18 months to review 

state of the lakes, priority setting, and the adoption of 

objectives and strategies

Summit Meeting for Great Lakes Stakeholders

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What is being improved/ enhanced? Role of Stakeholders and the Public

Explicit recognition of roles of governments and  jurisdictions in the Great Lakes region

Commitment to communicate with governments  and stakeholders written into the Agreement 

Public involvement in creation of programs 

New Executive Committee and annex  subcommittees clarify roles and identify 

opportunities for governments’

and stakeholders’ participation

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What is being improved/enhanced? Roles of the International Joint Commission (IJC) 

Strengthen and clarify the role of the IJC to: –

Raise public awareness and public participation

Make recommendations to improve effectiveness in achieving 

objectives of the Agreement and assess progress of Parties 

towards the achievement of the Agreement’s General and 

Specific Objectives

Provide advice and recommendations on current/emerging 

problems

Provide advice on research/monitoring

Disseminate information

Engage the public on Great Lakes issues

Develop special reports

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Comprehensive Progress Report of the Parties  every 3 years

New general and specific objectives linked to  renewed ecosystem indicators

Review operation and effectiveness of  Agreement following every 3rd

Progress Report

What is being improved/enhanced? Accountability

Enhanced engagement and reporting across  all the annexes:

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Reduce risk of impairment to water quality in the  Great Lakes and connecting channels and protect  the Great Lakes from chemical substances:

Coordination and collaboration on research,  monitoring and surveillance

Binational priorities for action 

Pollution prevention and control strategies

What is being improved/enhanced? Annex on Chemical Substances

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Coordination of binational actions to manage phosphorus  concentrations and loadings so that Cladophora, 

cyanobacteria and other algal species do not impair  aquatic ecosystem or human health in nearshore or open 

waters of the Great Lakes:

Focus on phosphorus with attention to other nutrients if 

warranted–

Updated and new concentration and loading targets

Binational phosphorus reduction strategies and    domestic action plans

Binational science program

Priority watersheds concept

What is being improved/enhanced? Annex on Nutrients

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Reflect broader challenges and future impacts  facing the waters of the Great Lakes related to  groundwater:

Groundwater science

Priorities and action for groundwater  management, protection and remediation

Coordination and communication

Attention to emerging issues

What is being improved/enhanced? Annex on Groundwater

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Protect the Great Lakes Ecosystem from ship  source discharges that could affect the chemical, 

physical or biological integrity of the Great  Lakes:

Ballast water discharge programs

Compatible goals and targets

Science‐based decision‐making

Analysis of technology or alternative solutions

What is being improved/enhanced?                   Annex on Ship Source Discharges

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Science as the cornerstone of the Agreement,  organized through an adaptive management 

framework: 

Monitoring and surveillance

Inclusion of specific science provisions

Cataloguing and Reporting

What is being improved/enhanced? Science Annex

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A prevention‐based approach for aquatic invasive species  informed by risk assessments, with an objective of 

preventing new introductions, controlling the spread of  aquatic invasive species already in the Great Lakes, and  ultimately eradicating new introductions of aquatic 

invasive species from the ecosystem:

– Binational coordination of efforts

– Early detection and rapid response

– Education and outreach

– Explore compatible regulations

What is being added?  New Annex on Aquatic Invasive Species

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What is being added? New Annex on Climate Change Impacts

Recognize climate change impacts and the threat  these impacts pose to achievement of the 

Agreement’s purpose and objectives:

Climate change science

Communication of information and tools to  Great Lakes decision makers

Coordination of programs and strategies

Integration of climate change information with  strategies to address Great Lakes issues

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Basin‐wide target of net habitat gain to conserve,  protect, maintain, restore and enhance the resilience 

of native species, habitats and ecosystem functions  that are of concern for the waters of the Great Lakes:

Adaptive management plans

Binational collaborative action

Restoration and protection strategies

What is being added?  New Annex on Habitats and Species

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Coordinate the notification between Parties of  planned facilities or activities that could have 

environmental effects on the waters of the Great  Lakes:

Could include notification of:•

Storage/transfer nuclear waste or radioactive material•

Mining and related activities•

Oil and gas pipelines, drilling, refineries•

Nuclear facilities and other power plants•

Hazardous waste facilities•

Aquaculture operations

Notification through executive committee.

What is being added?   New Notification Component

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Perspectives and Questions?

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