Ncp Pathophysiology Acute Pyelonephritis
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Transcript of Ncp Pathophysiology Acute Pyelonephritis
Assessment Diagnosis PlanningImplementatio
nRationale
EXPECTED OUTOME
S: “masakit ung pagihi ko”
pain scale 6/10
O: Facial
grimace noted Irritable at
times Limited
movement noted
Weak and pale in appearance
Acute pain r/t biological factors
After 30minutes of appropriate nursing intervention the patient will be able to lessen the pain as evidenced by:
Pain scale from 6 to 4
increase in physical activity
absent of facial grimace
placed patient to comfortable position
instruct to have deep breathing exercise
change the position of the patient
use positive approach in order to optimize patient response to analgesics
help patient to focus on activities
Health teaching as follows:eat nutritious food such as fruits vegetable give
medication as ordered
To gain comfort
Prevent further complication
To enhance blood circulation
To help patient to lessen perception of pain
To divert the attention of the patient
To increased the immunity of the patient
To relieve pain
After 30minutes of appropriate nursing intervention the patient would able to lessen the pain as evidenced by:
Pain scale at 4 increase in
physical activity
absent of facial grimace
Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Rationale Expected outcome
S:” may prolema ako sa pagihi”
O: With pain in
urination With
involuntary urination
Chilling at times
Vomiting at times
Decrease physical activity
Urge urinary incontinence r/t irritation of bladder stretch receptor causing spasm
After 30 minutes of appropriate nursing intervention the patient will able to verbalize understanding regarding on her condition as evidence by:
Restating some health teaching
Establish rapport to the patient
Discuss to the patient the signs and symptoms of the disease
Instruct patient to have her proper perineal care
Instruct patient to monitor her
To gain the trust of the patient
To give her knowledge when to refer and to decrease anxiety
To prevent further complication
To prevent further complication like edema
After 30 minutes of appropriate nursing intervention the patient would able to verbalize understanding regarding on her condition as evidence by:Restating some health teaching
Weak and pale in appearance
i&o Discuss the
importance of monitoring the I&O
To prevent further complication like edema
Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Rationale Expected outcome
S: “wala akong alam patungkol sa aking karamdaman”
O: Demonstrated
lack of knowledge regarding the disease
Not knowing how to do proper perineal care
Not knowing the importance of proper hygiene
Altered health maintenance r/tLack of knowledge
After 30 minutes of nursing intervention the patient will able to gain knowledge regarding the importance of proper hygiene as evidence by showing understanding.
Establish rapport to the patient
Place patient to comfortable position
Arrange the bedside of the patient
Discuss the importance of proper hygiene
Discuss on how to do the proper
Gain the trust of the patient
For patient’s comfort
For patient’s comfort and relaxation
For additional knowledge
To prevent further
After 30 minutes of nursing intervention the patient would able to gain knowledge regarding the importance of proper hygiene as evidence by showing understanding
perineal care Instruct
patient to take a bath everyday
Discuss to her the proper nutrition
Instruct to eat nutritios food such as fruits and vegetable
complication of the disease
To prevent further Complication
Additional knowledge on how to increase immunity
III. SOAPIE
Subjective Objective Analysis Planning intervention Evaluation
S: “mainit yung pakiramdam ko” Body
temperature at 38.3
Skin warm to touch
Flushed skin
Chilling at times
Vomiting at times
Altered body temperature r/t infection
After 1hour of appropriate nursing intervention the patient will able to decrease body temperature from 38.3 to 36.8 as evidence by:
Body temp at 36.8
Absence of chilling and vomiting
Increase
Established rapport to the patient
Placed patient to comfortable position
Arranging the bedside of the patient
Tsb rendered Losen the clothing
of the patient Provided proper
ventilation
After 1hour of appropriate nursing intervention the patient was able to decrease body temperature from 38.3to 36.8 as evidence by:
Body temp at 36.8
Absence of chilling and vomiting
Increased
Limited Weak
and pale in appearance
Irritable at times
physical activity
Given medication as doctors order
Health teaching such as:
Increase fluid intake 11 to 13 glasses per day
Eat nutritious food such as fruits and vegetable
Increase food rich in vitamin C
physical activity
Subjective objective Analysis Planning Intervention Evaluation
S:” may prolema ako sa pagihi”
With pain in urination
With involuntary urination
Chilling at times
Vomiting at times
Decrease physical activity
Weak and pale in appearance
Urge urinary incontinence r/t irritation of bladder stretch receptor causing spasm
After 30 minutes of appropriate nursing intervention the patient will able to verbalize understanding regarding on her condition as evidence by:
Restating some health teaching
Established rapport to the patient
Discussed to the patient the signs and symptoms of the disease
Instructed patient to have her proper perineal care
Instructed patient to monitor her i&o
After 30 minutes of appropriate nursing intervention the patient was able to verbalize understanding regarding on her condition as evidence by:Restating some health teaching
Discussed the importance of monitoring the I&O
Subjective Objective Analysis Planning Intervention Evaluation S: “wala akong alam patungkol sa aking karamdaman”
Demonstrated lack of knowledge regarding the disease
Not knowing how to do proper perineal care
Not knowing theimportance of proper hygiene
Altered health maintenance r/tLack of knowledge
After 30 minutes of nursing intervention the patient will able to gain knowledge regarding the importance of proper hygiene as evidence by showing understanding.
Established rapport to the patient
Placed patient to comfortable position
Arranging the bedside of the patient
Discussed the importance of proper hygiene
Discussed on how to do the proper perineal care
Instructed
After 30 minutes of nursing intervention the patient was able to gain knowledge regarding the importance of proper hygiene as evidence by showing understanding
patient to take a bath everyday
Discussed to her the proper nutrition
Instructed to eat nutritios food such as fruits and vegetable
II. Planning NCP
Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Rationale Expected outcome
S: “mainit yung pakiramdam ko”
O: Body
temperature at 38.3
Skin warm to touch
Flushed skin Chilling at
times Vomiting at
Altered body temperature r/t infection
After 1hour of appropriate nursing intervention the patient will able to decrease body temperature from 38.3 to 36.8 as evidence by:
Body temp at 36.8
Absence
Establish rapport to the patient
Place patient to comfortable position
Arrange the bedside of the patient
Tsb render Loses the
clothing of the patient
Provide proper
Gain the trust of the patient
Gain the comfort of the patient
To gain the comfort and relaxation of the patient
To decrease body temperature
To have a
After 1hour of appropriate nursing intervention the patient would able to decrease body temperature from 38.3 to 36.8 as evidence by:
Body temp at 36.8
Absence of chilling and vomiting
times Limited Weak and
pale in appearance
Irritable at times
of chilling and vomiting
Increase physical activity
ventilation Give medication
as doctors order Health teaching
such as: Increase fluid
intake 11 to 13 glasses per day
Eat nutritious food such as fruits and vegetable
Increase food rich in vitamin C
proper ventilation
To prevent further complication such as respiratory problem
To replace the fluid loses
To increase immunity of the patient
To increase immunity of the patient
Increase physical activity
ASSESSMENT DIAGNOSIS PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION EXPECTED OUTCOME
S: “mainit yung pakiramdam ko”
O: Warm to touch Temperature =
38.3 Weak and pale
in appearance Skinny in
appearance Irritable at times Restlessness
noted
Elevated body temperature r/t infection
Within 1 hour of appropriate nursing intervention the patient will able to decreased body temperature at 37 C
Placed patient to comfortable position like semi fowlers
To promote adequate breathing
Tsb rendered To decrease body
temp
Provided proper ventilation Patients comfort
Bedside care rendered Patients comfort
Instructed the mother to loosen the clothing of the patient
For easily ventilation
After 1 hour of appropriate nursing intervention the patient would be able to decreased body temperature at 37 C
Instructed the mother to kept the patients back dry
To alleviate the disease
Instructed the mother to increased fluid intake of the baby as tolerated
To decreased body temp
Given medication as doctors order
To alleviate the signs and symptoms of the disease
Health teachings such as: Give nutritious food
such as fruits and vegetable
Breastfeed the baby To increased the
immunity of the baby.
Diagnosis & laboratory procedures
Date ordered & date result
Purpose Normal Values (book based)
Results Interpretation
Urinalysis Date ordered : Nov. 14, 2009
Date result: Nov. 15, 2009
To determine urine composition &
possible abnormal components or
infection.
Color : straw amber, transparent
Color :cloudy Concentrated urine
Appearance: clear Appearance: turbid Concentrated urine
Specific gravity: 1.010-1.022 Specific
gravity:1.015w/ in the normal range
pH : 4.6-6.5 pH: 6.0 w/ in the normal range
protein : negative protein : negativew/ in the normal range
bacteria : negative bacteria : moderate presence of bacteria causing infection
NONE pus cells : 3-5 presence of bacteria causing infection
RBC 1-3 NONE
Amorphous urates few w/ in the normal range
Nursing Responsibility:
Before: collect the specimen for the client and assist the client when assistance is needed.During: Specimen must be free from any contamination.After: Make sure that the specimen is labeled & the laboratory requisition carry the correct information & attached them securely to the specimen.
Diagnosis & laboratory procedures
Date ordered & date result
Purpose Normal Values (book based)
Result Interpretation
Hematology Date ordered : Nov. 14, 2009
Date result: Nov. 15, 2009
RBC, hgb, Hct, is important to the oxygen carrying capacity of the
blood. WBC is an indicator of
immune infection.
WBC- 4.5-10.0 x 0 9/L
WBC- 16.0 x 10 9/L
Increase WBC Presence of infection
RBC- 3.6-8.0 x 10 /L
RBC- 5.8 x 10 /L w/ in the normal range
Hgb- 120-170 g/L Hgb- 135 g/L w/ in the normal range
Hematocrit- 0.37-0.48 %
Hematocrit- 0.40 %
w/ in the normal range
Nursing responsibility:
Before: inform the client that he/she will going to undergone CBC. During: assist the client while getting bloodAfter: Make sure that the specimen is labeled & the laboratory requisition carry the correct information & attached them securely to the specimen.Medications
Name of drugs(generic & brand
name)
Date orderedDate started
Date changed
Route of administration,
dosage & frequency of
administration
General action of mechanism
Indication & Purposes
Client response to medication
with actual seen
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)
Date ordered : Nov. 14, 2009
500 mg, 1 tablet q4h It reduce fever by direct action on the hypothalamus heat regulating system leading to vasodilation and sweating it also possibly by inhibiting the action of endogenous pyrogen.
Treatment for fever and for relief of mild to moderate pain associated with bacterial and viral infection
Patient reports fever reduce with drug.
Nursing Responsibilities:
Before administration: Monitor vital signs. Assist in administering medication.
During the administration: Measure and record the vital signs, especially the temperature.
After the medication: Monitor the client’s body temperature.
Be alert to adverse reactions and drug interaction.
Name of drugs(generic & brand
name)
Date orderedDate started
Date changed
Route of administration,
dosage & frequency of
administration
General action of mechanism
Indication & Purposes
Client response to medication
with actual side effect
Ceftriazone Nov. 14, 2009 750 mg q8h (-) ANST
It exhibits bacteriocidal activity by inhibiting cell wall synthesis.
An antiinfective used for serious infections in genitourinary system.
Dizziness.
Nursing Responsibilities:
Before administration: Monitor vital signs. Perform skin testing. Assist in administering medication.
During the administration: Monitor vital signs.
After the medication: Be alert to adverse reactions and drug interaction.
Drugs
Name of Drug Date ordered/ Date
started/ Date changed
Route/ Dosage/
Frequency of
Administration
General Mechanism of
action
Indication/ Purpose
Generic Name:
Ascorbic Acid (Vit. C)
Brand Name:
Potencee
Date ordered;
Nov.14, 2009
Oral administration
500mg tablet once a day
Stimulates collagen
formation and tissue
repair involved in
oxidation-reduction
reaction is the cells.
Boosts immune system.
For stronger immune
system and faster
wound healing.
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES:
(Before)
a) Explain the importance and action of drugs to the client of significant others.
b) Tell possible reaction or side effect of the drugs.
(After)
c) Protect the medication from direct light and contamination.
d) Monitor urinary pH levels.
Diet
Type of dietDate orderedDate started
Date changedGeneral
DescriptionIndication &
Purposes
Specific foods taken
Client response and or reaction to the
diet
Diet as tolerated Date ordered;
Nov.14, 2009
Eating on what kind of food but limit intake of fat and
salt.
It contraindicated with the patient with pyelonephritis.
Vegetables,fruits rich in vitamin C, fiber rich foods, whole grains, eggs, cheese, meat, poultry and tomatoes.
The client’s condition increased
energy.
IX.I.) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY(Book – Based)
Modifiable Factors: High – salt diet Lifestyle
Non – Modifiable Factors: Age Gender
Ascending infection of the urinary tract (Escherichia Coli)
Interstitial abscesses present in the parenchyma
Infection reaching pelvis and kidney
Renal tubules are damage by exudates
Signs and Symptoms: Hematuria, confusion, fever, weakness, chills, nausea, vomiting, low back pain, flank pain
Inflammation of renal pelvis and kidney(ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS)
Medical-surgical nursing book 11th edition
Joice Black
Subjective Objective Analysis
Planning Intervention Evaluation
S: “masakit ung pag-ihi ko”
pain scale 6/10
Limited movement noted
Facial grimace noted
Irritable at times
Weak and pale in appearance
Acute pain r/t bladder spasm After 30minutes of
appropriate nursing intervention the patient will be able to lessen the pain as evidenced by:
Pain scale from 6 to 4
increase in physical activity
absent of facial grimace
placed patient to comfortable position
instructed to have deep breathing exercise
changing the position of the patient
used positive approach in order to optimize patient response to analgesics
help patient to focus on activities
given medication as order
Health teaching as follows:eat nutritious food such as fruits vegetable
After 30minutes of appropriate nursing intervention the patient was able to lessen the pain as evidenced by:
Pain scale at 4 increased in
physical activity
absent of facial grimace