A Report on

CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT

At

NCC Urban One , Narsingi In Hyderabad.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND

PROJECT MANAGEMENT” is being carried out by the student mentioned

below and submitted during the academic year 2015-2016.

Mrinal Biyani (12/CE/47)

K. NARESH P Venkata Rao

(Deputy PROJECT MANAGER) (PROJECT GUIDE)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude and profound thanks to

Mr. Tapas Kumar Ghosh – AGM HR and Mr. K Naresh (Deputy Project

Manager) at NCC Urban ONE, Narsingi for granting me permission to do my

internship training in this esteemed Organization.

All the Engineers who have helped in understanding the different aspects of the

Construction namely Mr. P Venkata Rao (Sr. Engineer and project guide

Execution), Mr. Durga Rao (Safety Engineer) for providing the opportunity to

gain experience in the practical point of view of the theoretical concepts.

I would also like to thank the faculty members and placement committee of

National Institute of Technology, Durgapur for their constant support and

guidance.

Finally, I also thank the people who have directly or indirectly helped in bringing

out this project report feasibly.

CONTENTS INDEX PAGE NO CHAPTER I

ABSTRACT 6

CHAPTER II

INTRODUCTION 7 OVERVIEW 8-9

CHAPTER III

SITE PLANNING 10-12

MPCS (MANAGEMENT, PLANNING 13-17

AND CONTROL SCHEDULES)

CHAPTER IV

ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY 17-19(EHS)

SAFETY WORK PROCEDURES 20-21

CHAPTER V

QUALITY CONTROL

Le Chatelier Method 22-23 AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE 23 FLAKINESS INDEX AND ELONGATION INDEX 24-25

TESTS ON SOIL 26-30 GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS 31

CHAPTER VI

SITE EXECUTION

MIVAN TECHNOLOGY 32-33 SPECIFICATIONS 33-35 PICTURE GALLERY 35-42

CHAPTER VII

P&M

CONCRETING 43-44 MACHINERY USED 44-45

CHAPTER VIII

INVENTORY

STORES 46

CHAPTER IX

COST AND QUANTITY ESTIMATION 47-50

CHAPTER X

CONCLUSION 50

CHAPTER –I

ABSTRACT

This report has been made as a part of the training undertaken in the NCC Urban One, Narsingi

in Hyderabad. It describes different technical entities learnt and noted down as observation.

Whatever has been learnt everyday was noted down which helped us a lot in preparation of the

report. The engineers on the site have explained details of the construction process. Site

planning, site execution and quality control laboratory responsibilities were observed and noted

down. This training has helped in gaining hands on experience on different aspects of the

construction process and gave immense knowledge about basic concepts and helped in

understanding the theory concepts better. This has been once in a life time experience as it is one

of the most prestigious organization and getting a chance to learn concepts from the employees

of this organization has widened the knowledge and depth of the subject.

CHAPTER-II

INTRODUCTION

NCC Urban Infrastructure Ltd. is a Subsidiary of NCC Limited and comes Equipped with world class building techniques and state-of-the-art building infrastructure that is expertly commandeered by top-notch professionals.

NCC Urban Infrastructure's quality operations span across Residential and commercial complexes, townships, SEZs and serviced apartment complexes. The company has an impressive pan India presence across Bangalore, Hyderabad, Kochi, Vizag, Guntur, Ranchi and Dubai. Strict adherence to superior standards on time deliveries and transparent documentation has made preferred destination for individuals who are looking for quality living at affordable prices.

NCC Urban has inherited its experience and expertise from NCC Limited. Known for its excellence in the execution of Turn key projects, Industrial Buildings, Multistoried, Commercial structures, Townships, Roads, Bridges, Pipelines etc. and rated as growing Infrastructure Company in India with annual turnover nearly Rs. 6,200 crores.NCC Urban is developing the prestigious National Games Housing Complex Project in Ranchi, Jharkhand. The Company has also acquired lands in and around Bangalore, Chennai, Goa, Gurgaon, Hyderabad, Kakinada, Lucknow, Raipur and Vizag for its Real Estate projects. NCC Urban is all set to deliver 12.8 million sq.ft. of built up area spread over 286 acres in the next three years.

Vision

To be a world - class infrastructure enterprise committed to quality, timely completion, customer satisfaction, continuous learning and enhancement of stakeholder's value.

Mission

To build a strong future ensuring increased returns to shareholders and enhanced support to associates.

To adopt latest technologies in development, operation & maintenance of infrastructure projects.

To encourage innovation, professional integrity, up gradation of knowledge and skills of employees and a safe working environment.

To encourage innovation, professional integrity, up gradation of knowledge and skills of employees and a safe working environment.

To be a responsible corporate citizen committed to the social cause.

OVERVIEW

The Integrated Township spanned across a vast 32 acres of landscape in one of Hyderabad's fastest growing geographies, Narsingi. It's a premium residential community which is coming in 22 Acres of land with 12 mega towers and only 1317 apartments offering you everything that matches your expectations. Next 10 Acres of land is coming up with proposed Commercial spaces & Office spaces.

The club at urban one is one of the most complete of its kind and includes a lavish lounge bar, swimming pool, meditation hall, party hall, indoor games and much more. Other pampering facilities include landscaped walk-ways, gymnasium, yoga room, as well as outdoor and indoor children's play areas.

It is designed to indulge residents with a sanctuary of calm amidst the chaos of urban life. All the facilities will be fashioned to soothe the sense through ample greenery, with extensive landscaping, manicured lawns and walkways.

NCC Urban One is in close proximity to Wipro, Infosys, Microsoft, Polaris, CA, Capgemini, UBS, ICICI Towers, etc.. Close to all major residential, commercial and entertainment destinations. Strategically located, rubbing shoulders with the two most desired hubs – IT and Financial.

With a legacy of excellence spanning more than 25 years, NCC Urban is pooling its expertise to create illustrious landmarks across various regions in the country.

Location of Site

CHAPTER-III

SITE PLANNING:

Monthly, weekly and daily Reports are prepared from the planned work and

communicated to the site engineers. The execution of the work is monitored by a team of

Engineers. The work is done in coordination with all departments like Execution, Mechanical,

Electrical, P&M, Safety, Planning etc. so that there will be no restriction for working and for safe

execution. Manpower is estimated based on standards derived from the past experience. From

these predefined guidelines the daily manpower requirement against the planned quantities of

work is estimated. Stock of materials is maintained according to the requirement conveyed to

store one week before based on the look-ahead plan.

The stage of planning and costing primarily consist of preparation of Accepted Cost

Estimate (ACE) & getting approved from the Regional Manager. For the preparation of ACE,

Planning manager has to analyze all the items of work, with all the cost associated with the site

infrastructure and other relative cost. With the reference of schedule of quantities, the rate of all

the items will be analyzed with the available resources and site conditions and final report will be

prepared committing the total cost and the percentage of profit produced by the project. Job cost

report (JCR) is another cost statement prepared and reviewed periodically. JCR at the beginning

of the project is ACE.

Overview of the Proposed Project

Amenities provided in the proposed project after completion:

Aesthetically designed landscaped gardens all around the Building.

Elegantly designed Swimming Pool with Conjoined Toddler's pool.

Ultra modern Gymnasium with Steam & Sauna and massage room.

Fully fledged Club House with Billiards, Table Tennis & indoor badminton court etc.

Tennis Court, Badminton Court yard & Basket ball court yard

Multipurpose Hall.

Jogging track

Amphi theatre.

Party lawns

Green zones

Exclusive pick up and drop off zones for each tower

Exclusive Children's Play area.

2 No's of spacious high speed Automatic Passenger lifts.

100% Generator back up to all flats.

Intercom facility from flats to security Room to ensure screening of visitors.

Sewerage Treatment Plant.

Water Treatment Plant.

Fire fighting system as per Andhra Pradesh fire & safety norms.

Centralized piped gas connection.

MPCS (Management, Planning and Control Schedules):

These are schedules defined for every site at the beginning of the Site Management with

following objectives:

To establish an overall plan for the Project.

To mobilize different resources like Labor, Materials, Staff, and Construction Equipment

as planned for different activities.

To establish a plan for the amount to be billed per month.

To manage the Working capital better

The above objectives are accomplished through the preparation of schedules S0 to S10

explained here under.

Types of Schedule:

S0 – Construction Schedule

S1 – Invoice Schedule

S2 – Milestone Schedule

S3 – P & M Schedule

S4 – Staff Schedule

S5 – Sub- contractor Schedule

S6 – Material Schedule

S7 – Specialized Agency Schedule

S8 – Direct cost Schedule

S9 – Indirect Schedule

S10 – Cash- flow Schedule

S 0 - Construction Schedule

This is the master construction schedule showing the activities sequence and the period in which

the woks are planned to be performed. This schedule forms the basis and input for all other

scheduling to follow. This serves as the basis for the day-to-day activity planning weekly and

monthly and 3 month look ahead schedule made at site. This schedule contains activity code,

activity name, start date, finish date, duration, bar chart etc.

S 1 – Schedule of Invoicing

The schedule for invoicing is prepared with reference to the construction schedule S-0. The

quantity of work to be done each month and corresponding invoice value for each of the

activities is mentioned in this schedule. The product of quantity of work planned for the month

and the invoicing rate of the respective activities gives the invoicing for the month. Similarly, the

invoice value for the entire project is prepared. The mobilization advance payment of 10% of

contract value received from the Client is also mentioned in this schedule.

S 2 – Schedule of Milestone events

The milestone events in the S0 schedule are represented in this schedule with their estimated

duration of completion. Monitoring these mile stones gives the broad idea of progress of site.

The anticipated problems for the timely completion of milestone and necessary actions to avoid

the same are also listed along with the milestones.

S 3 - Schedule of Plant and Machinery

This schedule gives the comprehensive list of all the equipment required and their duration at

site. The duration is based on the construction schedule S0. This schedule will help the project

team, regional offices and Head resources department to enable timely arrangement of

mobilization & demobilization of P&M.

S4 – Schedule of Staff requirements

This schedule gives the details of staff requirement at site. This schedule assists the Head

resource department, cluster head and project team to arrange the timely mobilization of staff at

site. This schedule is also used to calculate the indirect cost in S9.

S5- Schedule of Labour requirement

This schedule gives the labor requirement for the project based on S0 schedule. A histogram is

prepared for each category of worker month wise. It is seen that there are not sudden peaks or

troughs in the schedule resulting in either idle or shortage of labor during the tenure of the

project. Also, it helps in planning stage wise mobilization of labor, particularly skilled workmen

like carpenters, masons, welders, fitters, bar benders etc. Further, it serves in assessing the

requirements of labor housing and other amenities at site.

S6 - Schedule of material requirement

This schedule gives the monthly requirement of major construction materials viz. cement,

structural steel, reinforcement steel, sand, aggregates, PT strands etc.. The purpose of this

schedule is to convey the requirement well before, so as arrange for procurement of materials

through site stores or regional office, taking into consideration the lead time.

S7- Schedule of Specialized agencies

This schedule lists out the nature of works to be carried out by the special agencies and the

duration of these special agencies / sub-contractors at site. The works that are planned to be

carried out by special agencies in this project are post tensioning works, fusion bonded epoxy

coating of rebars, water proofing etc. This schedule assists in timely mobilization of the agency.

S8 – Schedule of Direct Cost

This list included the direct cost for each activity. The direct cost includes the cost of labour

(S5), Plant and Machinery (S3), materials (S6) and sub-contractor (S7). For the estimation of

direct cost, the planning section generates a unique cost / recon code for each activity. The total

cost incurred for completion of the activities (Labor, material, P&M, Sub-contractor) is arrived

from these recon codes.

S9 - Schedule of Overheads (Indirect costs)

The indirect costs consists of various items such as Staff salaries, allowances, accommodation

and other facilities to the staff, temporary structures, labs and test setup, safety appliances, bank

guarantee and interest charges, insurance, postage, stationery, Xerox, telephone and fax,

subsidized food and other facilities at site, furniture, photos and videos, office equipments, etc.

S10 - Cash Flow

This shows the Cash inflow and Cash outflow in the site. Deficits arise because the invoices are solved only after 60 days. The cash inflow is in the form of payments made by the clients for the invoices raised and outflow is in the form of payments made to vendors, sub-contractors and the purchase of materials.

CHAPTER-IV

ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY (EHS)

NCC Urban is strongly committed to safety and accident prevention on project sites and work places to ensure that accidents do not take place, employees' morale and satisfaction is improved, and in turn, the performance of Company is enhanced.

One of our priorities is to protect the environment and the health and safety of the people who work for us. The effective management of health and safety and protection of the environment are integral to our business success.

Everyone at NCC Urban is accountable for environment, health and safety (EHS) and we work hard to foster a culture where these three factors are taken into account wherever we operate.

NCC Urban integrates HS&E into all areas of its operation, so that its sites are healthy and safe for all who work in them. NCC Urban is committed to carrying out all its activities without detriment to the Environment.

Objectives of EHS:

Establish & define line of command for resolution of all hazard prevention issues.

Define individual responsibilities hazard prevention & safety promotion responsibility at

each level of the construction team.

Identify highly hazardous operations within the scope of work and specify integrated

preventive measures to mitigate the same.

General EHS PPE’S And Safety Devices: These are the various PPE’s and safety

devices which are used for various type of protection at site:

Head Protection: All personals engaged for this job has to wear safety helmet along with

chin strap.

Hand Protection: Appropriated hand gloves will be used for materials handling,

concreting, welding, grinding, gas cutting, for chemical handling & Electrical work.

Eye Protection: Suitable goggles must be ensured for the personnel deployed for

welding (Face Shield), Grinding, Gas Cutting, Concreting, Chipping etc. work at site.

Ear Protection: The personnel engaged in the noise zone such as compressor operator,

Pneumatic Vibrators & Breakers, DG Operator etc. will be equipped with suitable ear

protection.

Protection from Dust & other poisonous gases: Suitable nose mask, face shield are to

be used by the individuals to protect them from dust, fumes & poisonous and toxic gases.

Body protection: Appropriate body protection like Boiler Suit, Aprons must be used by

the concern personnel at site.

Fall protection: All personnel working over 2.0 meter height must have the safety belt

tied in his waste at the ground level. Further he will have to anchor the safety belt with a

fixed structure before starting the work at height. Some special type of safety belt like fall

arrest devices also will be in used according to the nature & area of work

Safety Devices on a construction site.

Kevlar Boots

Fall Protection

Safety Work Procedures: Procedures

Safety procedures provide specific step-by-step information for all the employees and

outline how to conduct a particular task.

Purpose

The purpose of safety at the site is to provide guidance for achieving compliance with the

requirements at the construction site. In addition to that we have to ensure that all the employers

and employees are trained properly and comply with the developed procedures.

The main aspects to be followed in safety are:

i. ELIMINATION

ii .SUBSTITUTING

iii. SUPPORTING

iv. ADMINISTRATIVE

v. PPE (People Protection Equipment’s)

1. Elimination:

This is adopted to reduce the effect of harm caused to the workers at the site or

completely eliminate the obstacle which causes problem to the worker.

2. Supporting:

This is adopted when elimination and substitution is not possible. In this the object is

provided with supports so that risk assessment is reduced.

3. Substitution:

This is adopted when elimination can't be done i.e replacing the object which has the same properties in desired position.

4. Administrative:

Barricades are provided by the administrative in prohibited areas which are generally of two types. The main aim of administrative by provide barricades in prohibited areas which generally by two ways.

1. Soft Barricades:

These are the barricades which are surrounded by soft plastic material.

2. Rough Barricades:

These barricades are surrounded by fencing wire.

5. PPE (PEOPLE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT):

It is general method where all the workers are provided with basic equipment’s to protect

them from danger by which reduction of harm will be less.

Generalise Rules And Regulations

This section shall detail the general HSE rules and regulations to be adopted in the site.

a. Use of Personal Protective Equipment’s and safety devices relevant to the site activities.

b. General housekeeping stacking of materials.

c. Road safety inside project.

d. Access, Egress, and work station safety.

e. Safe use of construction power supply and up keeping maintenance of installations.

f. Maintenance and Inspection of plant and machinery.

g. Scaffolding and formwork.

CHAPTER-V

QUALITY CONTROL

Tests On Cement:

Soundness Test On Cement: Le Chatelier Method:

IS: 4031 (Part 3) – 1988.

It is very essential that cement after setting shall not undergo any change in volume,

because change in volume after setting of cement causes.

Cracks Expansion and Disintegration of concrete

The unsoundness is due to the following reasons:

If there is an excess of lime present in the cement

If cement would have undergone inadequate burning

Non uniform mixing of raw materials.

If there is large amount of magnesium and calcium sulphate content in the cement.

To achieve better properties of cement:

The magnesia content allowed in the cement shall not be more that 6%

 Calcium sulphate (CaSO4) i.e.. gypsum is added to the clinker while grinding to

prevent flash set of cement

The quantity of gypsum in cement manufacturing varies from 3 to 5 per cent depending

upon Tricalcium Silicate (C3A) content.

Aggregate Impact Value (AIV): (IS: 2386 – PART – 4)

This test is conducted to determine the toughness of aggregates by impact test.

Type of Material: 20mm and 10mm aggregate

Sieve: IS sieve of sizes 12.5mm, 10mm, and 2.36mm for sieving the aggregates.

Manually: Aggregate of specified size is taken in layers and tampered it with 25blows each and

repeating it 3times.

Machine: sample should be kept in AIV machine under 15blows and collect the sample.

Limits:

< 10% Exceptionally strong

10–20% Strong

20–30% Satisfactory for road surfacing

> 35%Weak for road surfacing.

AIV should by less than 45%.

AIV Testing Machine

Flakiness Index and Elongation Index:

 IS 2386 (Part-I)

Flakiness Index:

To determine the flakiness of the aggregates by standard flakiness gauge.

Type of Material: 20mm and 10mm aggregate.

Sieve: IS Sieve of sizes 63, 50, 40, 31.5, 25, 20, 16, 12.5, 10, 6.3mm.

Specifications:

 It consists of a frame with a sliding panel. The panel has lots of different standard

lengths and widths accurately cut.

Min 200pieces of each fraction is tested.

The amount of flakey material passing the gauge is weighed to an accuracy of at least

0.1% of test sample.

Apparatus used to determine flakiness of the aggregates

Limits:

Test is not applicable for size less than 6.3mm.

Flakiness index for concrete is < 35%.

Flakiness index for bituminous and non-bituminous is max 15%.

Elongation Index: To determine the elongation of aggregates by standard elongation gauge.

Type of Material: 20mm and 10mm aggregate.

Sieve: IS Sieve of sizes 63, 50, 40, 31.5, 25, 20, 16, 12.5, 10, 6.3mm.

Specifications:

Consist of a hard wood base with vertically mounted metal studs.

Min 200pieces of each fraction is tested.

The total amount of elongated material retained by the length gauge is weighed to an

accuracy of at least 0.1% of test sample.

Apparatus used to determine the elongation of aggregates

Limits:

Test is not applicable for size less than 6.3mm.

Elongation index for concrete varies.

TESTS ON SOIL

Free Swell Index (FSC) :

IS: 2720 (Part 40)

To determine the free swell index of soil i.e. the increase in volume of soil without any

external constraint when subjected to submergence in water.

Sieve: 425 microns

Specifications:

Distilled water

Kerosene

Oven dry up to 1050 to 1150

Balance, with an accuracy of 0.01g

Graduated glass cylinder- 2 nos., each of 100ml capacity

Limits: Free swell index of soil is < 50%

Atterberg’s limits:IS 2720 (Part 5)

The objective of the Atterberg limits test is to obtain basic index information about the

soil used to estimate strength and settlement characteristics. The liquid (LL) and plastic (PL)

limits define the water content boundaries between non-plastic, plastic and viscous fluid states. 

The plasticity index (PI) defines the complete range of plastic state.

Liquid Limit (LL)

IS 2720 (Part 5)

This test is done to determine the liquid limit of soil i.e. the liquid limit defines the

boundary between plastic and viscous fluid states.   It is determined using a standard "Cone

Penetro Meter”.

Sieve: 425microns

Specifications:

Distilled water

Oven

Min 270gms of soil

Readings should be taken between 14 to 28mm

Min 4 readings should be taken

vessels

Errors considerations:

soil not uniformly mixed

handle turned too fast or too slow

height of fall adjusted improperly

Length of closure not 1/2 in.

Air drying of soil between trials.

Limits: Liquid limit of soil sample should be ¿ 40

Plastic limit

IS 2720 (Part 5)

This test is done to determine the plastic limit of soil i.e. the plastic limit defines the boundary

between plastic and non plastic states.

Sieve: 425microns

Specifications:

Distilled water

Oven

The rolled sample should be of 3cm

rolled threads of 3mm diameter

if water content is more threads can be <3mm

vessels

Large glass plate

Errors considerations:

 improper technique in rolling thread

thread not 1/8 in. diameter

moisture content of sample too small

air drying of soil before moisture content taken

Limits: plastic limit of soil ¿ 20

Plasticity Index

 The plasticity index (PI) defines the percentage of moisture content in liquid limit and

plastic limit. The plasticity index of a soil is the numerical difference between its liquid limit and

its plastic limit. The liquid limit and plastic limit are both expressed as percent moisture content.

PI

Non plastic plastic viscous fluid

PL LL

Water content (w %)

Proctor density/Maximum Dry Density/Optimum Moisture Content of Soil.

IS 2720(part 8)

This test is done to determine the maximum dry density or proctor density or optimum

moisture content of soil using heavy compaction.

Sieve: 4.75mm, 19mm and 37.5mm

Specifications:

Cylindrical metal mould  Oven Balances 5layers-each layer 55blows Min 5 readings Tampering rod

Limits:

Density of soil should be > 1.75 gm/cc

Grain Size Analysis:IS 2720 (part 4)

The grain sieve analysis determines the relative proportions of different grain sizes as

they are distributed among the size ranges.

Sieve: 100, 19, 10, 4.75, 2.75, 600, 425, 300, 150, 75 microns

Specifications:

Stack of Sieves with pan and cover

4hours of soaking

oven

Mechanical sieve shaker

Limits: Percentage content of Sand Gravel Silt Cobalt etc…. will be known.

CHAPTER-VI

SITE EXECUTION

USE OF MIVAN TECHNOLOGY

In this particular project, NCC Urban One has taken a forward leap by making use of the mivan technology.

Mivan technology is suitable for constructing large number of houses in a short span of time using room size forms to construct walls and slabs in one continuous pour on concrete. In this system of formwork construction, cast–in–situ concrete wall and floor slabs cast monolithic provides the structural system in one continuous pour. To facilitate fast construction, early removal of forms can be achieved by hot air curing / curing compounds. Large room sized forms for walls and floor slabs are erected at site. These strong and sturdy forms are fabricated with accuracy and are easy to handle. The concrete is produced in RMC batching plants under strict quality control and convey it to site with transit mixers.

The frames for windows, doors and ducts for services are placed in the form before concreting. Staircase flights, façade panels, chajjas and jails etc. and other pre-fabricated items are also integrated into the structure. This proves to be a major advantage as compared to other modern construction techniques. High quality Mivan Formwork panels ensure consistency of dimensions. On the removal of the formwork mould a high quality concrete finish is produced to accurate tolerances and verticality. The high tolerance of the finish means that, no further plastering is required.

Uses of Mivan Formwork:

3S – System of Construction – Speed, Strength, Safety Column and beam construction are eliminated Walls and slabs are cast in one operation Specially designed, easy to handle light weight pre-engineered aluminium forms Fitting and erecting the portion of shuttering Carrying out concreting of the walls and slabs together.

Advantages:

Mivan formwork requires relatively less labour More seismic resistance Increased durability Lesser number of joints and reduced leakages Higher carpet area Smooth finishing of wall and slab Uniform quality of construction

Negligible maintenance Faster completion

Limitations:

Even though there are so many advantages of Mivan formwork the limitations cannot be ignored. However the limitations do not pose any serious problems. They are as follows:-

Because of few small sizes finishing lines are seen on the concrete surfaces Services after completing become slightly difficult due to the small width of components It requires uniform planning as well as uniform elevations to be cost effective The formwork requires number of spacer, wall ties etc. which are placed @ 2ft c/c; these

produce problems such as seepage, leakages during monsoon Due to box-type construction, contraction cracks are likely to appear Heat of hydration is high due to shear walls It is rigid in design once placed, as any alteration becomes tough later

Remedial Measures:

It is possible to minimize contraction cracks by providing control strips in the structure which could be concreted with a delay of about 3-7 days after major concreting. The problem of cracking can be avoided by minimizing the heat of hydration by using flash.

Specifications:

Structure

Seismic proof RCC framed Structure (Cellar + Stilt + 18 floors).

R.C.C/Block masonry walls for external and internal walls.

Flooring & Dado

Granite/Marble/Vitrified tile flooring in an Entrance Lounge and Passages.

Vitrified tile (600 mm X 600 mm) flooring in Living, Drawing, Dining, and Bedrooms & Kitchen Shall be of reputed Equivalent make.

Premium quality Anti Skid Ceramic tile flooring in Toilets, Balconies & Utility.

Premium quality designer Ceramic tile dado up to 7' height in Toilets Shall be of reputed make.

Premium quality Glazed Ceramic tile dado up to 3' height in Utility Area.

Kitchen

Premium quality Polished Granite with Stainless Steel Sink Shall be of reputed make.

Provision for Water inlet near Kitchen Sink for Water Purifier.

Premium quality Ceramic tile dado up to 2' height above Kitchen Granite Platform.

Doors & Windows

Engineered wood frame with Solid Core Flush shutter with polished Veneer finish for Main Door.

Engineered wood frames with Solid Core Flush shutter with polished Veneer finish Bedroom Door.

Engineered wood frames with Solid Core Flush shutter without side polished Veneer finish & inside enamel paint finish for Toilet, Balcony & Utility Doors.

Sliding/ casement UPVC doors/Windows

Powder Coated top hung shutter with a Provision for Exhaust fan for toilet ventilators.

Hardware

Premium quality Locks of reputed make for Main door.

Premium quality Cylindrical locks with key & SS hardware accessories for Bedroom doors.

Premium quality Powder Coated Aluminum door accessories for Balcony & Utility doors.

Plumbing & Sanitary Fixtures

White color single unit EWC's and below Counter type Wash Basins in all toilets shall be of reputed make.

Bath fixtures in all toilets of reputed make.

Electrical & Communications

PVC insulated wires of reputed make.

Premium quality distribution boards & MCB's shall be of reputed make.

Modular Electrical switches of reputed make.

Provision for Television cable in Living & Master Bedroom.

Provision for telephone point in Living & Bedrooms.

Provision for Chimney, Refrigerator, Microwave & exhaust fan in Kitchen.

Provision for Split AC points in all the Bedrooms.

Paints

Plastic Emulsion for interior Walls & Ceiling and Exteriors with external Emulsion/Textured finish.

Melamine polish finishes for Main door, Bedroom, Balcony & Utility doors.

Enamel paint for Toilet Doors inside.

Work in Progress- Picture Gallery:

Tower 5 – Initial Stage

Floor plan for Tower 1

Tower 1- Progress with time

Floor plan for Towers 2 & 3

Tower 3 – Progress with time.

Floor plan for Tower 4

Tower 4 – Progress with time

CHAPTER-VII P&M:It is the plant and machinery division which is mainly responsible of all the electrical and heavy

machinery and maintenance of them. The diesel generators which are used for providing power

during power cuts or power failure maintenance of it is also maintained by the P&M people.

Any repair and problem of the instrument or vehicle owned by the clients is taken care by these

people.

PLANT AND MACHINERYCONCRETING

Concreting which consists of concrete batching, transporting and placing, is a major construction

operation. Work Study of concreting processes can lead to significant productivity

improvements. It is also useful to compare a few alternatives before deciding on an optimal

concreting method.

Sophistication

Cement Pumped & Stored in Silos

Batching Computerized Weigh Batching

TransportationDelivery in Transit Mixers 6 cum Capacity up to 30 Km distance

PumpingAchieved in Cement Plants up to 80M Height & Other projects up to 28m Height

Standardization

Materials From Standard predetermined source

Mix DesignPush button Controls to recall any design mix proportions stored

Quality Regular Quality checks on Materials and Plant

Batching Plant

Machinery Used:

GRADING:

Grader

Transportation:

Transit Mixer

Pumping:

CHAPTER-VIIIINVENTORY

STORES:

Stores management is part of the overall function of materials management.

THE MAJOR RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE STORES ARE

Identification of all materials stored

1. Receipt of incoming goods2. Inspection of all receipts3. Storage and preservation4. Materials handling5. Packing6. Issue and dispatch7. Maintenance of stock records8. Stores accounting9. Inventory control10. Stock taking

General store at a construction site.

CHAPTER-IX COST AND QUANTITY ESTIMATION

Cost estimation is a well formulated prediction of the probable cost of a specific construction project.

The conceptual cost estimate is becoming more important to owners, architects and builders. It is a tool for determining required funding and to gauge the needs of a project. This tool continues to be refined during the design stages of the project.

The cost estimate accounts for all times that will generally be included in the general contractors bid. The cost estimate is prepared by breaking down the items of work using a standard format and determining the cost of each item from experience and a data base of current construction cost information.

A problem with cost overrun can be avoided with credible, reliable and accurate cost estimate.

An estimator or quantity surveyor is professional who prepares cost estimates.

The bill of quantities (BOQ) for project is prepared based on the bill of materials (BOM) calculated for the same. To calculated the BOM’s standard calculation procedures are followed with the help of architectural drawings and specifications provided. Once BOM’s are calculate the BOQ’s are prepared by following the appropriate course.

Apart from being a tool in estimating cost, estimation of quantities also helps check the requirements of quantities of various works in order to avoid wastages and shortage of materials

TYPES OF COST ESTIMATE::

Cost estimate fall into two groups: conceptual estimates and detailed estimates. Each can be broadly defined as follows

CONCEPTUAL ESTIMATE: Conceptual estimating or parametric estimating is the process of establishing a project’s cost, often before any graphical representation of a facility has been developed. These are used mainly for budgeting purposes.

DETAILED ESTIMATE: The detailed cost estimate is the product of a process whereby the cost of a proposed construction project is predicted. The estimate is prepared by breaking down the items of work in a orderly manner and logical basis, determining the cost of each item from experience and summarizing the total.

APPROXIMATE METHODS OF COST ESTIMATION:

Approximate Quantities Method: In approximate quantities method all-in-price of each different element or component of building is worked out as a accurately as the first step. The number of

units for each element or component are worked out approximately and multiplied by the all-in-price per unit. All the different elements of the building when added up will give the approximate cost of the building, after making an allowance for sundry items overlooked.

The method requires more time thsn other methods, but will yield s result more nearer to the final actual cost, depending on the efforts and experience of the estimator.

EMPERIACAL FORMULAE METHOD

The quantities of materials and labour days multiplied by the current market rates for the same ,yield approximate construction cost of the building when added up.

BUILDING COST INDEX METHOD

The building cost index method of approximately estimating the cost of a building is suitable for govt. dept. like CPWD/MES/Railways etc. whose construction activity continues year after, and is spread all over the country .average cost of the construction of a particular type of building, in the usually head quarter region of the department, in a particular year is worked out for the particular type of a building is allotted the index 1, and the particular year is treated ass base year. With this, the variation in the price due to passage of time as well as regional difference in construction costs can be monitored, and efficiently used for preparing approximate estimates.

NUMBER AND TIMING: The number of cost estimates required will be project owner specific, and will generally be linked to the various design phases of the project. A cost estimating approach to a typical project, which dedicates the number and timing of cost estimates, can be summarized as follows:

PRE-DESIGN PHASE:

Prior to the commencement of construction and/or design the cost estimator prepares a cost model and budget cost plan for the project. The cost model establishes a construction budget and defines how the project budget is to allocated among various building systems. The cost model also confirms the project scope and identifies any costs or work to be funded separately.

Schematic/Design Development Phase:

The cost estimator works as an integral member of the design team to evaluate design decision made throughout the design phases against the pre-established cost model. This approach allows the cost management team to provide an integrated value engineering process throughout the design phase. At the end of the schematic design and design development stages, the cost

estimator produces a comprehensive cost estimate. The estimate is compared against the cost model developed during the pre-design phase of the project.

Contract document phase:

Further cost estimate are prepared upon completion of thge 50% and 100% construction document stages.

ACCURACY:

The cost estimate is based on the measurement and pricing of quantities wherever information is provided and/or reasonable assumptions for other work not specifically covered in the drawings or specifications. Unit rates are based on historical data on historical data and discussions with contractors and sub-contractors.

The unit rates reflect current bid in the area. All units to subcontractor work include the subcontractors overhead and profit unless otherwise stated.the mark-ups cover the costs of field overhead, home office overhead and profit and range form 15% to 25% of the cost for a particular item of work.

Pricing reflects probable construction costs obtainable in the project locality on the data of cost estimate of probable costs. This estimate is a determination of fair market value for the construction of the project.

UNITS OF MEASUREMENT FOR PRICING

The unit of measurement is dedicated by the specific item and also by the level of estimating detail

Concrete cubic meter (m3)

Reinforcement steel metric ton (MT)

Formwork square meter (m2)

Excavation and backfilling of soil cubic meter (m3)

Sheeting square meter (m2)

COMPONENTS:

Costs estimates are broken down into different sections, which can be referred to as components,

elements or divisions. Cost estimators will generally use o component format for their cost

estimates. Components are basic parts of construction or groups of building systems performing

a specific function(s). Construction costs are segregated by component for comparison and

analysis. Following is a brief description of each component in a typical component format

estimate that represents a good checklist to ensure that all relevant items have been included in

the cost estimate.

1. Excavation

2. Backfilling

3. PCC base

4. Foundation

5. Beam

6. Columns

7. Walls

8. Roof top

CHAPTER-XCONCLUSION

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