naval war college. rules for the conduct of the war games.pdf

7/25/2019 naval war college. rules for the conduct of the war games.pdf

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/naval-war-college-rules-for-the-conduct-of-the-war-gamespdf 1/40

. .

'

(I

NOT

FOR GENHRAL 01ST

RIBUTIO N.

N A V A

L W A R

COLLEG

E,

NEWPORT, R.

I.

RU

LES

FOR TH E

CONDUCT

OF

THE

WAR

GAMES.

\

1901 .

W .A SIIINGTON

;

n R N ~ r E N T PRl ;TlNG

ICE

1001.

D

ECI-/

: = : :

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\

I

)

NoT

FOR

N E R ~

D1srR1aunoN.

NAVAL

WAR COLLEGE,

NEWPORT,

R.

I.

R U L S

FOR THE

CONDUCT OF

THE WAR GAMES

1901 .

WAS

UIXG'fON:

c:

o

vrn:-0

1r.:o· PRINTINC

OffJC

I :

. 1901.



\

I

l

CONTE

N

TS.

S

ECTIOX

.-

Gene

ral

descr

iption

o f

the D u

el,

or

Singl

e-Ship

Gam e

. Ru

les.

Si :

C

TI

OX

II.-Ge

neral

de

scrip t

ion of

the

E

leet T

actica

l Gam

e.

Me

l

i

Se R

ules.

SE

CT1ox

III

.-Gen

eral d

escrip t

ion

o

f

the

Stra t

eg ic G

am e.

Rules

and ta

bles.

SECT

ION

IV

.

la

nk pag

es Cor

c

ri

t ic

ism a.

u

cl

sug

gestion

s. O

ffi·

ce

rs are

reques

ted to

en ler

t he r e in

cr i t

icism s

of th o

gmn e

s

anc

l of

the

methoc

l i; of p

lay

in

g

them

, and a

ny sug

gestio

ns for

t he i r i

mproY

ement

.

3

)



·I

j



1

RULES FOR THE WAR GAMES.

SECTION I

' .l 'HE l>UE L OR SINGLE-

SHIP GAME.

The Duel is played by two

sh

ip commanders

and an

Arbitrator. The commanders

plot

the

tracks of their own ships, keep tally for the

ir

batteries, and meas

ur

e gun fire. The Arbi-

trator

decides

all

questions

that

may arise.

H

is

decision

is

absolute for the

moment;

all

criticism and discussion

is

to

be

reserved u

ntil

the

close of the game.

Th

e scale track curves show

the

wake of a

battle

ship turning

with

~ h helm

hard

ov

e

r;

they

are marked at various

points

of the

curve

with the

corresponding times from

the

begin-

ning

of the turn. Special curves

are

pro-

vided, showing

the

track of a ba.ttle

ship

when

the

helm is shifted from hard over one way

to

hard

over

the

other

way;

this is marked

at

various points on

the

curve,

with

the corre-

sponding times from the moment of shifting

the

helm,

and

for the distance made good

duri

ng

the

first move after straightening out.

These markings

vary wit

h

th

e speed.

Small transparent cards are

us

ed to deter-

mine the relatiYe bearing of an opponent.

D

isputed questions of

bearing

are at once

dete

rmined by the Arbitrator.

Th

e score wands

ar

e

marked

with

gun

-fire

values for every weight

of fire from a single

(5)

Detail

of

Players.

Scale

Track

Cu

r

ves

Relative

Bearing.

Gun-fir e

Score

Wands.



Speed

of

F

ire

.

Speed

of

Ships.

G

pair

of 8-

iuch

guns to a

full

broadside, and

for every

range

up

to

2,000 yards. The lesser

values on

the

score

wand

are those where the

striking

angle

is

less than

45

° ;

the

gre

ater,

where th e striking·

angl

e

is

g r

eater

than

45

°.

The rap

idity of

gun

fire

is

consi

der

ed to be a.s

foUows : 12-inch

guns

may fire every tMee min-

utes; 8-

inch

guns every two minutes; rapid-

fi

re

battery

fi

res four times every minute.

Two speeds

are permitted;

"standard speed,

wl1ich is shown upon

the

track

curve

used,

and

"slow speed, which

is half

of sta.

ndard

speed.

A ship

may

at

any

time

change speed

or

stop,

but

shall be governed

in

t.hese movements by

the

following

ru

les:

From

standard

to slow, and vice

versa,

takes

effect

the

next move

after

.

From

"standa

r

d"

to stop,

and

vice

vena tak

es effect

six

moves

after

.

From "slow" to "stop'',

and

vice versa,

takes effect

the

next move

after

.

Ramming.

Large

-sea.le cardboard curves are

prov

ided,

for

the

purpose of aiding the Arbitrator

in

making decision when collision takes place.

In

ramming, a stem to stem blow makes a

draw.

To

win,

the stem

of one ship 1nust

str

ike the side

or stern

of

the

other.

Torpe-

Four

torpedoes are a

ll

owed to each

sh

ip;

does.

two on a side,

with

arcs of tr

ain

from bow

to

quarter

. The

"torpedo card"

and special

dice

are

used

in

connection

with

them.

Torpedo

The face of the torpedo

ca

rd is a

rr

anged in

Cards "zones of chance. This

ca

rd is

ruled

verti-

and

ca

lly by five-second lines,

from

0 seconds

Dice.

to 35 seco

nds;

horizontally,

in

lines

for

each

p

oint" of

imvact, from

the striking

ang

le of

0 points to an angle of 8 points.



7

A

p

la

ye

r w

i

sh

in

g

to

fi

re

a

to

rp

ed

o

w

il

l

d

es

-

ig

n

at

e

the

p

os

iti

on

at

th

e m

m

n

e

n

t of

f

iri

ng

,

e

x

pr

es

se

d

in

s

ec

on

d

s fr

om

t

he

be

gi

nn

in

g

o

f

th

e

mo

v

e,

an

d

th

e

a

rc

of

t

ra

in

o

f th

e

tub

e

,

e

it

he

r

to

p

or

t

01

·

st

ar

bo

ar

d ,

r e

ck

on

e

d

i

n

p

oi

n

ts

f

ro

m

ri

gh

t

ah

ea

d

.

rr

he

n

th

e l

in

e

drl l.

wn on

the

gam e

board

fr

oi

n

th

is

d

es

ig

-

n

ate

d

p

o

sit

io

n

t

th

e

ta

rg

e

t sh

o

ws

th

e

a

n

gl

e

o

f i

m

pa

ct.

in

po

in

ts

."

P

loi

Li

ug

o

n

th

e

t.o

r-

p

ed

o

ca

rt

l

w

ith

th

o

an

g

le

of

im

p

ac

t

i

n

po

in

ts

,

an

d

th

e

t

im

e

of

fi

r i

ng

in

s

ec

on

d

s,

w

ill

in

d

ic

ate

t.

h e

o

n

e

of

ch

an

ce

·

w

ith

in

w

h

ic

h t

he

s

h

ot

fa

ll

s .

T

he

d i

e

is

th

en

il1

ro

w

n

w

ith

t

he

c

ha

nc

e

of

fe

re

d

by

th

is

fo

u

nd

z

o

ne

, t

o

d

e te

r-

m

in

e

w

he

th

er

th

e

s

ho

t. is

su

cc

es

sf

ul

.

·

To beg in the game, each

player

wr ites upon

ethod

hi

s

sc

or

e

ca

r

d

tw

o

m

ov

e

s,

of

i

h

lf

n

ii

nu

te

o

e

ac

h

m

ak

in

g

us

e

o

f

t

h

e p

ro

p

er

s

ym

b

o

ls .

P

lay

·

w

hen

t

h e

se

m

o

ve

s a

e

w r

it

t

en

an

d

s

ub

m

it

te

d ,

t

he

A

rb

it

ra

to

r d

ir

ec

ts

th

e p

la

ye

rs

t

o

p l

o t

th

e

fir

st

m

o

ve

. G

u

n

fir

e i

s

th

en

s

co

re

d .

A

t th

e

ne

xt

c

al

l

fro

m

t

he

A

rb

it

ra

to

r,

e

ac

h

p l

ay

er

wr

ite

s

t

he

th

ird

m

ov

e,

a

nd

,

w

he

n t

h

is

i s s

ub

m

it

t

ed

,

t

he

se

con

d

m

o

v

e

is p

lo

tt

e

d

a

nd

pr

op

er

ly

n

um

b

e

re

d ;

and so on to

the

clos e of

t

he

ga

m

e.

n

th

is w

ay

th

e pl

y

r s

a

re

co

m

mi

Lte

cl

t

o

o

n

e

m

ov

e,

o

f

a

h

al

f

m

in

u

te

's

d

u r

a t

io

n ,

in

a

d

va

nc

e

of

w

ha

t

i

s

p

lo

tte

d.

T

hi

s

m

et

ho

d

si

m

ul

at

es

, a

s

ne

ar

a

s

m

ay

b

e,

th

a

t i

11

ter

va

l

of

t

im

e

w

h

ic

h

a

sh

ip

c

om

m

a

nd

er

re

q

u i

res

to

d

e t

ec

t th

e

pr

ob

a

b l

e

in

te

nt

io

n

of

the adversary ,

and

to

plan

a coun te r move ;

a

nd

du

r

in

g

th

is

in

t

e

rv

al

th

e s

h i

p st

an

ds

on

.

T

h

e

po

si

tio

n

a

t

th

e

cl

os

e

of

e

ver

y

m

o

ve

is

m

a

rk

ed

b

y

a

sm

a

ll

cir

cl

e

i

ncl

os

i

ng

a

fi

gu

re

in

d

ic

at

in

g

th

e

n

u

m

be

r o

f

th

o

m

ov

e

;

th

us

, (

).



8

Limit of The game

is continued m1til

ei

ther the all

ot.

Game

. ted time agreed upon beforehand ex

pir

es,

or

until closed by

the Arbitrator. Th

e latter

usually determiues upon a certain number of

moves as

the

limit for that

game,

before com-

mencing

to play.

BULES F OR Tl lE D UEL G ~ ~

1.

The

limit

of

gun

fire is 2,000

yard

s, and

the opposing ships are placed on the board, at

the beg

inning of the game,

at

least this dis-

tance apart

.

2.

The l

eng th of

time represented by a

mov

e

is one-half minute.

3. Wh enever the

Arbi

trator calls for a move,

each player must submit his move within

on

e-h

alf minut

e

or forfe

it

that mov

e ;

in the

l

att

er case

hi

s

ship stands

on

without

change

for the next move.

4 .

All

g

uns ar

e loaded

at

the

be

ginning

of

the

gam

e.

5. W

hen

a ship changes

the

relative be

aring

of the

ta

rget four poin ts or

mo

re during any

o

ne

minute, the

wand va

lues are i:educed

50

p

er

cent

during

such change.

6. A

play

er wishing to :fire a torpedo must

write

on his

move

the

location of

the

t

ub

e,

wheth

er to sta,

rbo

a

rd

or

por

t ;

the

t i

me of

firing,

in

seconds, from

the

beginning of the

mO\

'

e;

and the arc of train of t

he tub

e,

in

"points," from righ

t

ahead

.

Then the Arbi-

trator, insp

ecting the plot

ting and

throwing

the die, will decide

the

success of the shot.

7.

The time of opening

gun

fire must be

indi

c

at

ed.

8. A

gam

e is closed, by decision of the

Arbi

-

·t rator, when e

ith

er ship runs ashore or into

ne

utral

waters,

or when either ship

is success-

fully rammed

or torp

edoed.



SE

CT

IO

N

IL

T H

E

T C

J l

C

GA

..- \IE

T

wo fl

e

e t c

om

m an

der

s .

De

tail

T w

o u

mpi

res

w

ho

also

act

as

m o

ver

s.

o

f

Th

e

r e m

ust

b

e

a

n

A

rbi

trat

or,

w h

o ac

ts :<

ts la

yers

sc

ore

r.

A

r

ec

o

rd

er

w ho

k e

eps

th

e s

ket

ch

re

cor

d .

In

a

ldi

t io

u, o

ffic

ers

ar

c

nec

ess

a

r

y

to rep

r

e-

se

nt f

ire

com

mand

ers

w

he

n f

orts

are

con

-

sid

ere

d in th

e

p

rob

lem

und

er

c

ons

ider

atio

n;

a

ud

to re

pt e

sen

t co

m m

an

d er

s of

des

tro

yer

s , o

f

su

bmarincs,

or

of to rpedo boats

when

ever

us

ed .

Th

e

flee

t

c

omm

an

det

s h

av

e

e

nti

re

c

ontr

o l o

f

the

ir

r es

pec t

ive

fl

eets

,

a

nd

ma

neu

ve

r

th

em

un

d

e

i; t

he

L

'tlles

,

b

y

s

ign

al .

Th

ese

si

gna

ls a

rc

w

rit

ten

a

nd s

ubm

itt

ed

to

t

he A

rb

itra

tor

whe

n -

e

ve

r

c

a

ll

ed

fo1·.

Th

e

um

pir

es r

ece

ive the

sig

-

na

ls fr

om

th

e A

rb

itra

tor

, 1'n

d

m o

ve the

fle

ets

i

n ac

cor

dan

ce th

ere

wit

h,

sub

j e

c t on

ly

to th

e

cr

i

ti

cism o f

the Arbitrator.

Th

e r

eco

rde

r k

eep

s r

eco

rd in

a

s

erie

s o f

ske

tche

s, o

f the

re

lati

.

e po

i::it

ions

of th

e fl

ee

ts

at th

e

clo

se

o f

e,-e

ry m

o,·

e.

R

em

ark

o

r

c ri t

ic is

m at

ny

tim

e

dur

ing

th

e

p

rog

ress

o f the

gam

e mu

st

be

ref

ra.i

ned

fro

m .

Mem

or

and

a

w i

ll be

m

de

of

all

m o

oted

p

oin

ts

f

or

dis

cus

sion

a

nd

c

ri t ic

ism

at th

e

clo

se o

f

t

he

g

ame

.

Dut

ies

o

f

Play

ers

S

p ci a

l

D

uty

of

Pl

ayers

The Arbitrator

keeps reco rd

of

the gun

fire

S

peci

al

fo

r bot

h

s id

es.

H

e

w

ill

dec

ide

a

ll

qu

es t

ions

D

uty

and

hi

s dec

isio

n mu

st

be

ac

cep

ted

as f

ina

l Cor

of th

e

t

h

t

. b

·

Ar

bit

rato

r

e

1m

e

ern

g .

(9 )



Game

Boar

d.

Ship

Mo

dels.

Imple

-

me

nt

s.

10

The scale of the boal <l

on

which the game

is played is 10 inches

to l mil

e; so

that

a

board

20

feet square l'epresents a sea space 24 miles

square. The face of the boal'd is divided

into

squares

by

lines 5 in°cbes apart, and is punched

with

small holes 1

inch apart in the

squa

re

and

ana.nged in quincuncial order.

The ships are

made to

the

scale

of the

board,

and furnished with metal

\v

ings carry

ing

their

numbers. 'rh

ey ate 1nunbe

red consecu-

ti ve1y

from

l

to

12.

Th

e seve

ral

classes of ships a.

re

represented

by variati

on

iu

col

oring the

mode

ls;

t

hus

-

Battleships.-·Blue orred hulls, brightmetal

wings.

ArmO? ecl oriiise1·s.-Solid colors, either blue

01

· i·ed for both hulls and wings.

P1

·oiedecl

cr1.iisers

. -Whi

te

hulls with

either

rc<l

Ol

blue wings.

The gun-fire score wands are sticks of wood

t inch squal'e in section, and

6,000 ya

rds long

on

the

scale of the boal'd. The sides

of

the

wands are ma

rk

ed

as

follows, viz :

Broadside Ji re against bro

adsid

e fMget. -

Red

against

i·ed

.Broadside

ji? e

against encl-on tcwget.-

Red

against white

.

End-onf11·e aga

inst

encl-

on

tc1 1'get.-Wbite

against wh

ite

.

Encl-on fwe ag

a1:nst

broaclsicle tcwget.-

vVhi te against red.

Colors

are

used

to

facilitate

their

use ; red

indicating

broadside,

eith

er fiTe

01·

target,

a

i1

d

w11ite

encl-on,

either fire

or target.

Thus, on the side of the

wa

nd showing

broadside fire against end-

on target,

the firing

end of

the wand is

colored l'ed,

the target

e

nd



1

1

white

.

Th

o

b

ow

an

d qu

art

er lin

e

is

th

e

d

ivi

din

g

lin

e

fo

r di

stin

gu

ishi

ng b

etw

ee

n br

oad

-

sid

e a

nd

end

- o

n;

the

d i

ago

na l

lin

es

of

the

sm a

ll

ho

l

e

s, an

ang

ed

in

qu

inc

unx

on

t

he boa

rd ,

assi

st t

he

oyo

in de

te rm

in

ing

the

kin

d

of

fire

a

nd the

k

ind

of

t

arg

et p

res

en t

ed ,

w

he

ther

end-on or broadside.

T

he sc

a le

- tu

rn in

g

cur v

es

used

in

m

ovi

ng

th

e

sh

ips

, w

hell

a n

y

cha

ng

e of

d ire

c ti

on

is m

ad

e,

sh

ow

the

tur

nin

g c

urv

es

of

th

e ea

1

·sarg

e an

d

K e

ntu

cky

,

as

dete

rm

ine

d

d

urin

g la

st s

um

-

m

er's

c ru

ise

£>f

th

e N

or

th

Atl

ant

ic S qu

ad r

on .

· T

hes

e c

ard

s sh

ow

,

on th

e sc

ale

of

t

he bo

<trd

,

a

nd

for

an

y a

ng l

e

of

tur

n f ro

m 1

po

int to

1

6

poin ts ,

the

dis tance and direc tion

of

a s ing le

m

ove

of 2 .

5 m

inut

es .

T

he

pre

sen

t

ca

rds

a

re

co

nst

ruct

ed

for

tw

o s

pee

ds,

12

kno

ts

a

nd H A

kn

ots

.

S

cor

e c

a rd

s ar

e u

sed

f

or ch

eck

ing

u

p

po

int

s

of

g un

fi

ro

ag

ain

st s

hip

s a

s

th

e ga

me

p

ro-

gres

ses

.

M

e

tal

rings

a

re u

sed

in

ind

ica

tin

g sh

ips

w hose gu n fire has b een r

ed

uced

50

per

cen

t,

b

y

hav

ing

5

00

poi

n ts

sco

red

ag

ain

st t

hem

.

A b

attl

e

sig

na

l

c

od

e, a

nd

to r

ped

o c

ar

ds an

d

di

ce a

re

used

,

th

ou

gh the

la

tte

r n

ot ge

ne

ra

lly

in

th

is

gam

e.

The

l

imi

t o

f

g

un

-fi

re

ra

nge

use

d

i

s

6

,000

u

n Fi

re

yar

ds ,

wh

ich

is

t

he

app

rox

im

ate

l

eng

th of

the

s

cor

e w

and

.

Fir

ing

doe

s

not

b

eg i

n

un

til si

gn

al

is

ma

de

to

tha

t eff

ect

.

The

a

rrow

on

the

du

mb

c

om

pas

s f l

ies

wit

h

Win

d.

th

e

w

ind

.

Th

e d

irec

tio

n o

f

th

e w

ind

is

co

n :

sid

ere

d by

th

e

Ar

bitr

ato

r i n

m

ak

ing

de

cis

ion

s

reg

ard

ing

fo

g,

drif

t o

f s

h ips

,

or in

te r

fe re

nc

e

of g

un

fir

e b

y

smok

e.



12

Sp

ee

r .

T

h

e sp

eed

of th

e f

leets

is l

aid

dow

n

in the

be

-

g

in n

in g

. Ch

ang

es

in

spe

ed

m

ust

be

m ad

e

acc

ord

ing

tp ih

c '

' R u

les.

D

rift

of

a Ho

ot,

stop

ped

is

at

Lhe

disc

re ti

on

of

ihe A

rbi

trato

r.

Mo

ves.

Scor

ing

tak

e s p

lac

e a

fter

eve

ry m

ov

e w

hen

the

fl

eets

ar

e w

it ,hi

n g

un-f

ire r

ang

e

of e

ach

o ther. E very m ove cove

rs

an

interval

of two

and

one

-

half

m

iuu

tes,

so t

hat

a

fle

et, m

ovi

ng

at

12

kno

ts s

peed

, co

ver

s a

spa

ce o

f 5

inc

hes

on

t

he

b

oar

d a

t eve

ry

m o

ve,

if

goin

g s

trai

ght

ahe

ad

w

ith

th

e

h

elm

am

idsh

ips

. .

V lh

ene

ver t

he

he

lm i

s m

ove

d, i

n ord

er

to

cha

nge

d

irec

tion

any

n

um

ber

of p

oin

ts, f

rom

1

to

16,

the tu

rni

ng c

ard s

ar

e u

sed

and

the

posi

tion

an

d hea

din

g

are

de

term

ine

d

by

th

e

outer

edge of

the card

.

He

im

T

he

eas

i

e

st

and

mo

st n

atu

ral h

elm

is

alw

ays

use

d.

A ll

do

ub

t as

to

w

hat is

to

be

u

sed

in

cert

ain

ca

ses

m

us

t

b

e re

m o

ved

bef

ore

beg

in -

ni

ng

a g

am e

,

by the

pl

aye

rs

stat

ing

to

the

ir

r

espe

ctiv

e

ump

ires

w

ha

t

h

elm

is t

o b

e use

d.

To

rp

Ea

ch sh

ip

can

ies

t

w o tu

bes

on e

ach

sid

e,

doe

s. w

ith

ar

cs o

f t

rain

from

b

ow

to

qu

art

er: the

y

ca

n n

ot

b

e re

load

ed

du

ring

a ga

me

; to

rpe

do

fir

e

mu

st be

ann

ou

nced

by

the

pl

aye

r; t

he

ef

fe ct

of

torp

edo

f ire

is a

t the

d

isc r

e tio

n of

the

A

t·b

itra

tor.

Sketc

h

T

he

s

ketc

h r e

co

l'd sh

o ws

gr

aph

ical

ly

the r el

a-

Re

cord.

tiv

e po

siti

ons

and

s

tren

gth

of th

o

opp

osi

ng

fl

eets

at

t

he clo

se

of ev

ery

mo

ve.

The

y are

de

sig

ned,

i

n con

nec

tion

wit

h the

s

core

c

arJ

s,

tO

af

fo1:

d a

clea

r h

isto

ry o

f a ga

me

fo

r s

ubs

e-

que

nt stu

dy.

'\V h

ene

ver

con

con

ira ti

on o

f fi

re

oc

curs

,

it sh

ould

be

note

d g

r p

hic

lly

on

t

he

sketch

b oard as we

ll

as

on

t.he

score cards .



13

The

fleet tactical

game

is usually played in

open water,

with

free maneuvering distance

between the fleets at all times. Should the

fleets approach very close to each other, or so

as to involve actual collision between them,

the

Arbitrator

may

a

close

the

game at once

and

give a decision,

or

b)

work

out

the

situa-

tion to a finish, under the

Rul

es for the Melee.

Mined channels are named

in the particular

problem under consideration. The mines will

be

indica.ted to

the Arbitrator,

but

wi11

not

be

visible on the board; and ships will be disabled

or sunk

at

the

disc1·etion of .

the

Arbitrato1:.

Submatine torpedo boats may be used by the

defense

in the

games

for interior

waters.

I f

allowe<l by the

particular

problem under con-

sideration, they

are

maneuvered according to

the Rules for Submarines.

RULES FOR THE

FLEE ' r

TACTICAL

GAME.

1. Before

beginning the game,

each fleet

commander will indicate to the Arbitrator

which particular

ships a1·e flying

the

fla

gs

of

the commander in chief and of the second in

command.

The flag may not be shifte<l during the game

unless

the

lieet

be stopped, and then for such

time as the Arbitrator

may

decide necessary.

, 2. The speed of

the

fleets is discretionary;

usually

12 or

14.4 knots; these being most

convenient for moving on thescale of the board.

3. Evolutions may be performed only in

obedience to signal ; these,

or

signa

l

n u m b e ~ · s

must be wTitten a.nd su,bmitted to the

Arbi

-

trator

by the fieet ·commander whenever called

for.

The

exception is, change of direction of the

head

of

column when a flagship is leading.

Metee

Subma-

rine

Mi

nes.

Subma-

r i n e ~ .



14

4. As

a

gen

eral

r

u le,

wh

en a

flee

t is

i

n

c

ol-

m

un

of

v

esse

ls,

flag

ship

lea

d

in

g

,

it

is un

de

r

-

st

ood

i

hat

a ll

ves

sels

wil

l fo l

low

t

he m o

tion

of

th

e flag

ship

as

reg

ard

s cha

rng o

of

dir

ectio

n of

h

ea.d

of

colu

m n

. S

o, w

hen

eve

r a c

all

for

sig-

na

ls i

s mad

e

by

the

Arb

itra

tor,

a

flee

t co

m-

man

der

ma

y in fo

rm

him

of

aHy

suc

h

ch

ang

e ,

an

d s

uch

chan

ge

w ill

g o

into

effe

ct

a

t

on

ce.

5 .

Exce

pt c

l an

ge

of d

irec

t ion

of

h

ead

o

f

co lumn, eve

ry

evolu tion

m/ust

be c01nvleted be

fore

an

othe

r is

beg

un. T

hat

is,

no

sig

nal m

ay

be

ma

d

e

to

a

fl

e

et

in a

s

tate

o

f

tr

ans

it io

n

f

rom

on

e f

o rm

atio

n to

an

ot

h e

r

; th

e

f

leet

m

us

t

b

e

c

om p

lete

ly f

orm

ed

up

in som

e o n

e o f

t

he st

and-

ard

f

orm

atio

ns,

or it

c

an not m

ove

in

obe

di-

l

n

ce t

o

an ev

olu t

iona

r y s

ign

al.

6 .

W

hen

tim

e

is call

ed

a

t

th

o b

egin

nin

g

o

f

a

ga

m

e

, ea

ch

fleet

com

m an

der

w il l

ba

nd

t

o

the

Arb

i

t

rat

or

a

si

gnal,

or

a

si

gna l

num

ber

, wh

ich

is

t

he s ign

a l

for

a

n ev

olu

tion to take place t w o

a

nd one

-hal

f m i

nu te

s la

ter ,

i

.e., f

or

the sec

ond

m

ov

e.

Af

ter g

un fi

re i

s sc

ored

fo r

th e

fir

st m

ove

,

an

othe

r s ig

na l i

s ca

lled

for,

w

hic

h is

the

s

ign

al

fo

r

the

e

volu

tion

of

the

thir

d

act

u

al m

ov

e .

A

nd so

on ,

u

ntil

th

e gam

e

is

c

lose

d.

7

.

W

hen

a fl

eet c

om

m an

der

s

ubmi t

s no

si

g-

n

als

wit

hin one

min

ute fro

m

th

e ti

me sig

n ls

a

re call

ed

for,

his

fle

et

stan

ds o

n

wit

hou

t

c

han

ge

in

the

ne

xt

m

ov

e .

8 .

One

ev

ol

u

t

io

nar

y s

ignal

on

ly

may

be

ma

de

at

t h

e sa

m e t

im e

;

but

sp

ecia

l si

gn l

s

in

re

gar

d to

con

ceu

trati

on

of

fir

e

ma

.y

b

e ha

nde

d

to

t

he

Ar

bitr

ntor

a

t th

e sam

e ti

me w

i

th

any

ev

olu

t ion

a ry

s

ignal s

.

9.

A

fleet

com

m a

nde

r m

ay su

spe

nd , o

r

a

nnu

l

a

s ig

na l

a l

r

e

ady

in

th

e han

ds of

t

he A

rbi

trato

r,



15

but

not yet

given

to the umpire for execution;

in this case

the

fleet

stands on

for that move.

10. I f a flagship

is

leading, i t

is

unneces-

sary to

annu

l a

signa

l for change of direc-

tion

of head of column,

wh

en

it

is

desired to

make

a

greater or

less

change

of direction

than

that already signaled.

11

In

scoring gun fire it is assumed that a

battle ship will endure direct fire from the

broadside of

au

enemy of equal force at 2,500

yards

for fifty minutes, at the end of which

time

she will

be

destroyed. rrhe

value

of the

gun

fire thus

destroying

a vessel is calleu, for

convenience

in

sco

ring

,

1,000

points.

Upon

receiving 500 points a ship's efficiency of

gun

fire

is

reduced one-h alf,

and

thereafter her

offensive power of gun fire

is

divided

by

two

in

scoring. When n

ot

indicated by signal or

by

general

ins

tructions

at

the beginning

of

the game, concentration of :fire will

be

made

by

the

mover, but will never

be on

less

than

one-four th of

the

fleet opposed.

12

. While 1,000 points are necessary to

put

an armored

cruiser

out

of action, her gun fire

will

be

estimated

as

only

50

per

cent

of that

of a battle ship, and

the

score wand va

lu

es

will thus be divided by two.

13. When a vessel has 500 points scored

against her and her gun fire is reduced one-

half, it is indicated

by

placing a small metal

ring

upon the

vessel's mast.

14

I f a ship :finds herself

in

such a posi-

tion that enemy's targets

are

presented

on

both

sides of her, bow or white :fire may be scored

against

each of two of

the

enemy's

ships;

pro-

vided t hat one of these bears at least 2 points,



1

6

an

d

th

e

ot

he

r

a

t

le

as

t 4

p

o in

ts

o

n

th

e

bo

w o

f

th

e

sc

or

in

g

sh

ip .

1

5

.

W

he

n a

ve

ss

el

is

su

nk

du

ri

ng

a

m

ov

e,

g

un

fir

e m

a

y

n

ot

e

sc

or

ed

ac

ro

ss

o

r o

ver

he

r

d

ur

in

g t

ha

t

mo

ve

;

at

th

e clo

se

o

f

th

e

sc

o

r in

g

fo

r th

a

t m

ov

e,

the

v

es

se

l

s

un

k is

rer

uo

ve<

l

fro

m

th

e bo

ar

d .

1

6.

C

ha

ng

e

s

in

sp

ee

d

m

ay

b

e

ma

de

as

fo

l-

lo

ws

,

v

iz:

P

ro

ce

ed

in

g

at

s

tan

da

rd

s

pe

ed

,

s

lo

w

ta

ke

s

eff

ec

t a

t n

ex

t

mo

ve

af

ter

s ig

n

a l

is

ma

de

, a

nd

is

on

e-

ha

lf

sta

nd

ar

d sp

ee

d ;

' '

sto

p

tak

es

e

ff

ec

t

th

e t.

hi

rd

m

ov

e

af

te

r s

ig

na

l is

ma

de

,

t

ha

t

is,

t

wo

s

lo

w

m

ov

es,

th

en

st

op

;

ah

ea

d

s

lo

w "

fr

om

st

op

ta

k

ese

ff

ec

ta

ton

ce

; a

he

ad

s

ta

nd

ar

d s

pe

ed

"

fro

m

slo

w

ta

ke

s e

ff

ect

at

on

ce

;

a

he

ad

s

ta

nd

ar

d

s

pe

ed

fro

m

s

to

p

t

hir

d

mo

ve

a

fte

r,

th

at

is,

tw

o

sl

ow

m

ov

es

, th

en

st

an

da

rd

s

pee

d.

17

. The sh ips of a flee

t

t

ur

ni

ng

th

ro

ug

h

an

a

rc

o

f

ov

er

4

p

oi

nt

s d

ur

in

g

a

ny

o

ne

m

ov

e,

lo

se

50

pe

r

ce

n

t of

th

ei

r

gu

n-

fir

e

sc

ore

fo

r th

at

m

o

ve

.

T

hu

s, i

n

a

s

im

u

lta

ne

ou

s

m

ov

em

e

nt

w

he

re

a l

l s

h i

ps

tu

rn

to

ge

th

er

t

hr

o

u

gh

mo

re

th

an

4

po

in t

s,

al

l l

oo

se

50

p

er

c

en

t gu

n-

fir

e

sco

re

f

or

tha

t

m

o'

e;

i

n su

cc

es

siv

e

mo

v

em

en

ts

w

he

re

on

ly

, p

er

ha

ps

, a

c

er

ta

in

n

um

b

er

o

f

t

he

s

h i

ps

of

th

e fl

ee

t h

a

ve

t u

rn

ed

t

h

ro

u

gh

m

o

re

th

an

4

po

in

ts

,

th

e gu

n-

fir

e

sco

re

o

n ly

o

f

th

ose

having made

the turn

will be reduced

50

per

ce

nt,

th

e r

em

ai

ni

ng

s

h i

p s

th

at

ha

ve

p

re

se

rv

ed

a

st

ea

dy

co

ur

se

r

et

ai

n f u

l

l va

lu

es

.

18

.

n

ac

ti

on

, a

t

di

sta

nc

es

l

es

s t

ha

n

6

00

ya

rd

s ,

t

he

s

co

re

w

an

d

m

ay

be

di

sc

ar

de

d a

t

t

he

d

isc

re

tio

n

of

th

e A

rb

itr

at

or

, w

h

o

m

ay

t

he

n

de

cid

e

a

rb

itr

ari

ly

th

e e

ff

ec

t o

f e

ac

h

mo

v

e.

1 9

.

In

ca

.s

eo

pp

os

ing

ve

ss

el

sap

p

roa

ch

w

ith

in

6

00

y

ar<

ls

of

e

ac

h

o th

er

,

th

e

A

rb

itr

at

or

m

ay



17

d

ec id

e the

effo

cts

of t

orp

edo

f

ire, fo

llow

in

g a

s

far

as

pra

ctic

abl

e the

to

rpe

do

ru

les

o

f

the

Du

el

Ga

me.

2

0.

Th

e g

am

e m

ay b

e

st

oppod

a

nd

th

e sco

re

d

ete

rmi

ned

a

t t lt

e di

scr

etio

n o

f t

he

Ar

bitr

ato

r.

f

the

flee

ts c

om

e tog

eth

er

a

nd a

m

el

ee i

s i

m-

minent,

the

game

should

be

'closed,

as

a

general

ru

le,

at

th

e

e

nd

o

f th

e l

ast

m

ove

be

for

e

the

fle

ets

co

m e

in

c

on

tact

.

f

de

sire

d ,

the

po

si-

ti

on o

f the

vess

els

wh

en

tho

g

am

e i

s c

lose

d

m

ay

be

t

ran

s fen

ed

to

t

he ot

her

bo

ar

d

a

nd

f

oug

ht o

ut

un

d

er th

ti

Ru

l

e

s for

t

he M

ele

e

.

2

1.

The

v

alue

of

th

e fir

e o

f f

o r ts

is

s

how

n

on

t

he g

am

e b

oa

rd in

pro

pe

r arc

and

m

ulti

ple

,

and is

ex pressed

in

figures,

the

battle

ship

be

ing

the

uni

t. T

h

e bro

ad

sid

e G

re

va

lue

s of

th

e

bat

tle·

shi

p s

cor

e wa

nd

wil

l b

e us

ed

to

sco

re

t.

hei

r fi re

.

·

2

2.

The

ef

fect

of sh

ip

fi

re.

up

on for

ts w

ill

b

e

me

asu

red

a

s

fo ll

ow

s, v

iz:

f a

fo

rt r

ece

ives

3C

O po

ints

du

l'in

g

a

ny

one

m ov

e,

its

fire

for

the

su c

cee

d in

g m

ov

e is

re

du

ced

by

on

e-h

alf;

if

it

rece ives

500

poin ts,

i t

i s s

il

enced

for the

s

ucc

eed

ing

m

ov

o.

l

~ A R

T I C

U J

A l t

I tU

LE

S FO

H

' 'U

ll)f

J\.U

.JJ\'

E

S

.

1

T

he us

e

of

s

ub

mar

ine

s is l

imi

ted

to

th

e

d

efe

nse

,

bu

t

th

o fa

ct

o

nly

of

tho

i r p

os

sess

ion

,

and

no

t

of

th

eir u

se b

y

th

e de

fen

se, is

kn

ow

n

to

th

e at

tn .e

kin

g f

orc

e .

2. The

sptie<

l of a

submarine

is

7.2

knots

.

3 .

W

h

enev

er

a

s

ub

mar

ine ru

ns

a

wa

sh t

o

w

ithi

n 40

0 ya

rds

o

f t

he targ

et

wi

tho

ut

di

sco

v-

er

y,

t

he ch

anc

es

of

a

h

it m

ay

be

ta

ken

as

1 in

3

, and

th

e q

ues

tio

n

of a

hi

t w

ill

be d

eci

de<

l by

t

he A

rbi

tmt

or.

20

00'2-

2



18

4

.

f a

subm

arin

e

be

disc

ove

red

run

nin

g

aw

ash

, b

ut tr

imm

ed

for

divin

g, w

ithi

n

1 ,

0 00

y

a

r

ds

of its t

arg

et

, b

ut di

ves an

d

fires

w

itho

ut

a

gain

ris

ing,

the

chan

ces

of

a

hi t

may

b e ta

ken

a

s in

6, a

nd th

e

q

ues t

ion o

f a hi

t w

ill

b

e d

e-

cid

ed

by th

e A

rbi

t.

r

ato

r.

5 .

One

tor

pedo

on

ly is

a llo

w ed

a sub

ma

ri

ne

f

or a s

ingl

e g

am e

.

FOl

l TH E

1 . Ea

ch m

ov

e r e

p res

en ts

ono

mi

nute

.

2

. S

igna

ls c

an not

be

m

ade

of

tene

r

tha

n

e

very

th

ird

m o

ve.

3

. Sig

nals

invo

kin

g si

mul

tane

ous

ev

olu -

t ion

s re

qui

re fi

ve mo

,es.

4.

f ves

sels

b

id fa

ir

to co

me

tog

ethe

r

so

clo

se as

to

prev

ent

ta

ctic

al

ma

neuv

ers,

the

A

rbit

rato

r d

eclar

es

Cl

ose

a

ctio

n. V

ess

e ls

are

th

en m

a.no

n ve

red

by

th

eir

cap

tain

s, irre

-

spective of

fl

e

et ta

c t ic

s .

N

o sig

nal

s can

tliei

't

b

e

und

erst

ood in

l

ess

than

fiv

e m o

ves

.

5

. Eit

her

co

mm

ande

r in

ch

ief ma

y si

gnal

Clo

se

acti

on,

whe

n

th

e

abo

ve ru

l e

will

ho ld

.

6

. V

essel

s r

eceiv

ing

5

00 po

ints

g un

£.r

e l os

e

on

e-h alf

tlie

ir fir e

pow

er.

7

. Eit

her

c

omm

and

e

r

i

n

c

hief

ma

y si

gna

l

F

ollo

w

m o

,·om

ent

s o

f

c

om

man

der

i

n c

hief

,

pro,

idin

g th

e

lea

din

g

sl1ip

is

fl

agsh

ip .

Cha

nge

s

of d

irec

tion

ma

y th

en h

e m

ad

e at

w ill.

8

.

'lorp

edv

es m

ay

be f

lred

on a,n

y

m o

ve b

y

cap

tains

.

9.

C

apta

ins

o

f sh

ips m

a,y

oruer

Cea

se

fi

r -

i

ng

or Co

mm

enc

e

fi r

ing,

'' unl

ess

ord

ers t

o

the co

ntra

ry a

re

gi,

·en b y

com

man

der

in

c

hie

f.

1

0 . Gu

n

fir

e wi

ll b

e co

unt

ed aga

inst

nea

res t.

e nem

y's

ves

:oel o

n ·

wh

ich

g

uns

w

ill

bear

. C

on-



19

centra tion

can be

made

on any

vessel,

if

spe-

cially ordered before t,he

game, or

afterwards

by signal.

11. Th

e commander

iu

chief of

either

side

may give in advance a plan of attack against

any position of

an

enemy's line, and concen-

tra.tiou of fire

may then

be

scored

against

that

part.

12. In all other

respects

the rules

of

the

Duel Game apply.



SECTION' III.

TITE

H A . . l l ~ G l G A ~ C E

Representing,

as

this game does, the larger

operations of war, it requires careful prepara-

tion and study

by the

Ar

bitrato

r , his aids,

the

ump

ires,

and the players.

Char

ts

of the

theater

of operations

are

neces-

sary, oue for the central, or Arbitrator's,

room;

on

e for ea,c;h fleet comma.

nder

in chief, and one

for each commander of a detached force.

The A

l

bitrator, attencle<l

b ~

his aids, keeps

record, upon the chart before him, of all move-

ments a.

ncl

positions of the forces of

both

sides.

He 1tnno11nces, in accordance

with

the rules,

the

time and duration of e ~ t c h move. He notes

and recoTds ihe information

brought

by

the

umpires

:for

each side and issues

such

informa-

tion and

makes su

ch

decisions as

he

deems

proper.

His decision is absolute.

U pou

the charts

of

the

fleet commander of

each side,

as

well as

upon

those of

any

com-

manders of forces detached from the Flag, are

plotted

the

positions of

the

various forces at

the end of every move or at

any

other t i

me

, as

may

be diredecl by t.

he Arbitrator

. These

positions are

traced

and transferred

to

the

Arbitrator's chart by

the

umpires

for

the

respective sides. The courses of ships, or

groups

of ships,

must be

drawn on the tracing

paper in full.

(21)

Prepara-

tion.

Charts .

Arbitra-

tor.

Fleet

Com-

manders

and

Umpires.



22

Th

e

ump

ir

es,

o ne

for

each

s id

e, are

the

s

ole

m

ean

s o

f co

m m

unic

atio

n b

etw

een th

e

A rb

i-

t

ra to

l ' and

t

ho p

laye

rs. 'r

hey

a

re care

ful

t

o

ref

ra in

fr

om

com

me

nt

or

cr i t

icis

m at an

y t

ime

du

ring

t

he

ga

m e.

T

hey

shou

ld d

eter

m in

e

th

o

co

rrec

tnes

s a n

d a

ccur

acy

of

plot

ted

posi

tion

s

a

nd of

a,

ll o th

er in

fo r

ma t i

on s

ent

to t

~ A

rbi

-

tra

tor.

To

thi

s en

d th

ey a1·e

e

xpe

cted

t.o

read

ord

ers,

t el

og l'a

rns, an

d

all

r e p o

rts

of w

ha te

ve ·

nature

passing

through th

oil' hands,

and

to

plo t

pos

itio

ns w

h en

ev er

th e

y m

ay

be in

do

n

b

t

rega

rd in

g th

o c

orre

ctne

ss o

f th

em.

Fr

aming

Sp

ec

ia l ca

re

sho

uld

b e o

bse

rved

by th

e fl

ee

t

of

co

mm

ande

r s n

ot o

nly

in w

r i t i

ng t

h e p

lan s ub

-

ord

ers.

r

oitte

d to

th

e

Arb

it ra

tor

b ef

ore the

g

am

e,

b

ut

in

the

f

mrn

ing

of a

ll o

rcl

ers

to sub

o rd

in a t

es ,

ivh

ethe

1· p

1·ep

ar

ecl

bef

ore

hand

cts

p

ctrt

of

the

p

l n or

m itt

en

clti1

·in g t

hep 1 ·

og

1·ess

of t

he ga

m e.

Th

o or

der

s s

h

ould

be c

orre

ct,

n

ot

o

nly

in su

h-

stance,

but

in fo rm .

l

mpte

- A

t

th e

A

rbi

trato

r' s

tab

le ar

e k

ept ,

for

refe

r-

men

ts,

enc

e u s

e, a

reco

rd b

oar

d , sh

ow

ing the

m

un be

r

Weat

her f

h

l

.

]

t

' o

t

e m

ove an

d o

t ie

r

clata

co

ncer

m n

g t

le

e

c

ga

m e,

a ca

ble

a

nd

con

su l

a te m

ap

, a c

lock

a

nd

a

spin

n in

g a r

row

,

t

he

las

t t

o

c

letAr

mi11

e

t

he

di

r

ecti

on o

f

th

e win

d an

d

the kin

d

of w

eat

h er

,

w

hich

sha

ll be

e st

abli

shed

by th

e Arb

itra

tor

.

R

U LE

' l tO

R

TIT E

S

~

I E

Moves

1

The

length

of t ime r epresente<l

by

a m ove

is

a

t

th

e

disc

re t i

o n o

f the

A

l'bit

ra to

r.

Th

e

A

rb

it rat

or

d

ecid

es w

he

n ea

c h

m o

ve

s

hall

be

gin

. W

hen

r e

ady ,

h o rin

g

s a

bel

l to

cal

l atte

ntio

n;

the

t i

me

r ep

rose

nted

b

y

t

he

m ov

e

a

nd t

he

sta t

e o

f se

a

a

nd w

ea

ther

a,

re th

en

a

nn o

u nced

.

\Vith

in

five

m

inut

e

s ea

ch pl

aye

r

mus

t p

lot

on

h

is

cha

rt th

e

ch

a

nge

o

f po

sitio

n



23

of his forces. I f the required positions be not

plotted in

the

five minutes allowed, such posi-

tions remain

uncha

nged.

W

hen

vessels sight each

oth

er,

th

e moves

for

these pa1·ticul

ar

vessels

will

be r educed

to

fifteen minutes,

at

th

e option of

the

Arbitra-

tor, u

nt

il a decision

l

e

gardin

g them is made.

2 .

I f

armored vessels come

within 2,000 Duels.

yards,

or unarm

ored

within ·±,000 ya

rds, of

each other, and rema

in

within these distances

for more

than

an hour,

the acti

on will be de-

cided, at the option of the Arbitrator, by the

re

lative

number

of points

at

which each vessel

is

valued.

3. In case a vessel wishes to transmit a tele-

Tele-

graphic message through a consul or friendly

gr

aphic

agent, such a message \vill reach

it

s destina-

Messages.

tion

in

one

hour in

daytime

and

one hour

and

a half

at night

fo r each 1,000 miles,

from

the

time

·of receip t

by

opera.tor, provided the

lin

es

do not pass

th

rough

the

enemy's

territ

ory.

Time of transfer

by boat and other

delays will

be decided by

th

e

Arbitrator

.

All

telegraphic

and other

messages s

hould

be

written in

full, with the pencil correspond-

ing in color to the sending side, s

ubject

to

the

scrutiny of the

umpir

e.

4. The employment of tugs,

:fish

ing, or other Emp loy-

vessels, cable steamers, or coUiers, not stated

in

the conditions of the problem, is not allowed.

I f

such vessels

ar

e desired, they

must

be fitted

out after the game has commenced, the Arbi-

trator deciding upon the exact time

wh

en they

may be considered as

:fitte<l

out and ready for

service.

6. Torpedo boats

can not

be used as scouts

at sea. T

hey

may be used for carrying dis-

patches

or

for scouting along shore b

et

we

en

me

nt of

Fishing

Vessels.

Destroy-

ers

and

Torpedo

Boats.



the fleet ancl a

squadron

or fleet

base

. Tor-

pe<lo

gunboats,

however, may be

nse<l

for

carrying dispatches at sea, within their radii

of action

as

pr

esc

ribed

in the

Tabl

es of

Vallles

.

The use of destroyers

is limited

to an absence

of

fi

ve days from t.he fieet or base..

Cable 6. In cutting cables, an allowance of six

Cutting.

hours

shall be made for cutting

n

ear

cable

stations and

in

less

than

100

fathoms

of wa te r.

In

dragging

for

deep-sea cables, success slrn.

11

be

determined

by the Arbitrator

in

1,000 fath-

oms or less. I f unsuccessful the first day,

chances may be

ta.

ken for the

second, and so

on until finally successful.

Fleet 7. Two forces meeting, with odds of 2 to 1,

Actions. t1e inferior

will be

remqve

cl

from

the

game.

With

odds of 3

to

2,

th

e

inferior one-half

his force, the

superior

remaining as before the

action. 'Wi th oclcls of 4 to 3,

the

s u p r ~ o r is

crippled in defeating his adversary

1-tnd must

'vithclraw tempora.rily, that is, he has crippled

himself for

any

large operations d'nring

the

limit of

th

e game in progress. T he

time

occu-

pied

by any of

these

actions is d ecided by the

Arbitrator.

Speed

of·

8. T he maximum speed of three or

more

Groups.

detach<:)d

sh

ips up to six, is 2 knots less

than

the

maximum

speed of the slowest class in the

group.

Speed. 9. The speed of

large

.squadrons is assumed

to

be 10 knots. ·when accompanied

by con

-

voy,

the

sustained

sea

speed may be less than

10

knots, at

the

discretion of

the

Arbitrator.

Summa

ry

10. I f

at

any time the

Arbitrator finds

that

Decisions.

accurate pl

otti11g w i delay

him

mor e

than

. usual,

he

will .exercise his discretion in decid-



25

ing

summarily

the question before him in

order to announce the next move

prompt

ly.

11

After

the

game

is

finished complaints

may

be

made

and criticisms offered.

TAB:T E

OF

V A L U li:S,

S

TilATEGIC

G A ~ f F

TABLE I.

llow

ing c l a : s s ~ f i c a t i o n

maximiwn .speecls,

:fig

hting v

etht

e s, and clistances

?·ecognizabl

e

of

vm·ioits

types of

ships.

[The maximum speed he

re

given may ,.: lt Y i11

flpccin

l

pl

oblcms.]

g

§

Dislanco

stance

Q

recog-

c .

'•

';;

Yisil>le.

nizablc.

E

=

·=

:

I

gj

fo

I

To

,:.

:::

"

«

5

i;;

z

"'

A

i ; A

- -

- - - - - -

Ba,

ttle

ships _

__

__

------ A 14

20

lO

1- 2

4

1

Armored c

rui

sers -

____

B 18

s 10

1-2

4 1

Protected cruisers._. __

c

15 5 10

1-2

. 4

1

Gunboats_ --- --

D

12 2

)

1- 2 3 1

Fa

st

scouts - ---- ----- -

E

20 3 10

1-2

4

1

D t > ~ y , , .

. ......

...

. ·1

v

25

2

5

2

a

1

Torpedo boats. -

---

----

t

20 1

5

1- 2 3 1

Torpedo gunboats _ ._.

'

20 2

5

1-2

3

1

b

T.illL:& II.-Sllo.wing the

<:oal

encliwcmce of the

va1·io11s

types

of

.ships

at

e e n t

s1J

eecls.

Coal

ondtn nncc_. in

tlny

s.

10 12 14 15 18 20

25

knots. kuo1s. knots. knots. knots. knots. knots.

A

--

-----

22

18

10

__

___

_____ __ ------·

----

--

B . . . __ __

30 24

15

12 7 -

---·· ·---··

c

-·-

----

15

11

9 7

·----

- ------

------

D -·----- lfi5 11

·-----

-----·

------

----- - ------

E - . -- - - - 32 22 18 15 7 6

v -

--- --- --- ---

-·---- --

-- --

6 5 2

t ·------· -

-----

· - · - - ·

·-

·

·-

- 5 3

g

·-·

. --· . . . . . . ·---·· -- --

-- 5 3

Criticism

After-

wards.



26

T

B

LE

.

.

l l i s

c e l l

a n e o u

irel

ess

sig

nal

ing

is

at

the

d

isc

re ti

on

o f

the

A

rbi

tra

tor

; t

he nH

ix im

um

lim

it

o

f

s

uch

si

gn

al in

g is

30

mi

l

es .

T

h

e spe

ed

o

f h

om

ing

p

ig e

on

s is

5

0 m i

le s

p

er

h

our

;

th

o

m

a

xim

um

l

imi

t of

rau

go

is

50

m il

es

o

ve r

w

at.e

r, 3

00

o v

e r l

and

.

W

he

n

d

isp

a tc

hed

in

gro

up

s 50

pe

r

ce

nt m

ay

b

e :-i

llow

ed

su

c-

c

ess

fu l;

a l

l a

t

th

e

d

isc

re t

ion

o f

the

Ar

b

i

t

rat

or

T

he

l i

m i t

of s

ea r

ch -

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.



SECTION IV.

CHIT CISi\IS .A.XD

SUGGES

T l().NS.

(27)



8

l



3

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3

3

2

000

2

3



4



:35



36

•



J 0

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naval war college. rules for the conduct of the war games.pdf

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