Natural selection is a theory developed by Charles Darwin
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Natural selection is a theory developed by Charles Darwin
• Individuals whose physical and behavioral characteristics are best adapted to their environment (habitat) have better chances of reproducing and passing on their DNA to future generations.
Video
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Class Starter1. Describe the theory of natural selection in your
own words. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Explain how the same members of a species can develop different traits. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Example of Natural Selection- 2 variations of the peppered moth
• light variation is best adapted to living in the country (it camouflages with the birch trees)
• dark variation is best adapted to living near factories (where tree trunks have turned black due to the factory smoke)
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Light Peppered Moth- best adapted to living in the country
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Black peppered moth-best adapted to living near factories
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How did the black moth come to be?
The black moth arose as a result of a genetic mutation in the gene responsible for wing
colour.
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How do members of the same species develop different traits?
1. Genetic Mutations
– Every time your DNA replicates in order to make new cells it can make mistakes
– These mistakes result in changes to your DNA and thus changes to your physical traits.
– A new trait might be more successful in a specific environment, causing it to become more frequent in the population
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Genetic Mutations
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How do members of the same species develop different traits?
2. Sexual reproduction:
–Parents pass on their traits to their offspring through their DNA.
– Each offspring inherits a different combination of their mother and father’s genetic information (genes).
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Different Combinations of Genes
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How do members of the same species develop different traits?
• Certain offspring may be born with a combination of genes that is more successful than his/her parents or siblings.
• This will make the individual ‘more fit’ and therefore more likely to survive in their environment and pass on their DNA to future generations.