Natural Resource Damage Assessment Preassessment Report for … · 2020-04-15 · Line LLC. We...

Natural Resource Damage Assessment Preassessment Report

for the

Natural Gasoline Spill, Clay County, Indiana, April 2, 2019

February 19, 2020

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of the Interior

i

Table of Contents

Page No.

OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 1 Spill Incident ................................................................................................................................. 2 Billy Creek and Natural Resource Injuries ............................................................................... 3 Concentrations of Petroleum Product in Billy Creek .................................................................5 Analytical Methods ........................................................................................................................5 References .....................................................................................................................................10 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. ii Table 1. Fish collected from Billy Creek April 2, 2019 ..................................................................3 Table 2. Index of Biotic Integrity from Billy Creek April 2, 2019 .................................................4 Table 3. Analytical Control Facility (2019) Feather Analysis Report U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog Number 3020099 ...................................................................................................7 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ ii Fig. 1. April 2, 2019 Natural Gasoline spill location and habitats impacted (Sections 33 and 34,

T13N R6W) in Clay County, Indiana. Yellow pins indicate locations where IDEM OSCs found 3 wood duck and Louisiana waterthrush carcasses on April 3, 2019 ....................... 1

Fig. 2. “Natural gasoline” recovery efforts downstream of the Knightsville Rio pipeline break

(IDEM photographs). .......................................................................................................... 2 Fig. 3. This is where the natural gasoline product entered the unnamed tributary to Billy Creek.

Suitable bat habitat surrounds this impact zone (IDEM photograph)..................................5 Appendix I. Safety Data Sheet for “Natural Gasoline” ............................................................11 Appendix II. Wildlife impacts .....................................................................................................30

ii

List of Tables Table 1. Fish collected from Billy Creek April 2, 2019 ..................................................................3 Table 2. Index of Biotic Integrity from Billy Creek April 2, 2019 .................................................4 Table 3. Analytical Control Facility (2019) Feather Analysis Report U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog Number 3020099 ...................................................................................................7 List of Figures Fig. 1. April 2, 2019 Natural Gasoline spill location and habitats impacted (Sections 33 and 34,

T13N R6W) in Clay County, Indiana. Yellow pins indicate locations where IDEM OSCs found 3 wood duck and Louisiana waterthrush carcasses on April 3, 2019 ....................... 1

Fig. 2. “Natural gasoline” recovery efforts downstream of the Knightsville Rio pipeline break

(IDEM photographs). .......................................................................................................... 2 Fig. 3. This is where the natural gasoline product entered the unnamed tributary to Billy Creek.

Suitable bat habitat surrounds this impact zone (IDEM photograph)..................................5 Fig. 4. A Louisiana Waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla) found along Billy Creek on April 3,

2019 (IDEM photograph) ..................................................................................................31 Fig. 5. Five wood ducks (Aix sponsa) found along Billy Creek by Marathon’s consultants on

April 3, 2019 (FWS photograph) .......................................................................................31 Fig. 6. Southern two-lined salamanders (Eurycea cirrigera) found in Billy Creek on April 3,

2019 (FWS photograph) ....................................................................................................31 Fig. 7. Rainbow darters (Etheostoma caeruleum) found in Billy Creek on April 3, 2019 (FWS

photograph) ........................................................................................................................32 Fig. 8. Redside dace (Clinostomus elongatus) found in Billy Creek on April 3, 2019 (FWS

photograph) ........................................................................................................................32 Fig. 9. Formalin fixed creek chubs (Semotilus atromaculatus) found in Billy Creek on April 3,

2019 (FWS photograph) ...................................................................................................32 Fig. 10. Two of three additional wood ducks (Aix sponsa) found along Billy Creek by IDEM

On Scene Coordinators (OSCs) on April 3, 2019 (IDEM photograph) .............................33

1

OVERVIEW On April 2, 2019 an eight inch product pipeline carrying “Natural Gasoline” breached (39.520785o N, -87.084614o W), resulting in the discharge of approximately 12,600 gallons into a tributary of Billy Creek, Clay County, Indiana (the “incident”) (Fig. 1). The purpose of this Report is to briefly summarize the steps taken by the natural resource Trustees [the State of Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) and Department of Natural Resources (IDNR), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service] to complete the preassessment phase of the Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration (NRDAR) process pursuant to 15 C.F.R. Part 990, Subpart D. Specifically, this Report describes the Trustees’ jurisdiction to pursue restoration activities under the Oil Pollution Act (OPA), including a brief description of the incident, as well as a description of the natural resources under the trusteeship of the Trustees that may have been injured as a result of the incident. This report summarizes the observed effects of the incident on aquatic and terrestrial organisms under our trusteeship. The documentation of the impacts during the response will aid in the development of feasible restoration actions.

Fig. 1. April 2, 2019 Natural Gasoline spill location and habitats impacted (Sections 33 and 34, T13N R6W) in Clay County, Indiana. Yellow pins indicate locations where IDEM OSCs found 3 wood duck and Louisiana waterthrush carcasses on April 3, 2019.

2

Spill Incident We received notice via the National Response Center in the morning of April 2, 2019 that a 8” product pipeline owned by Marathon Pipeline LLC had failed near Knightsville, Clay County, Indiana. An estimated 300 barrels (12,600 gallons) of natural gasoline was released impacting soil and an unnamed tributary of Billy Creek. IDEM deployed several OSCs to the site. Natural resource trustee personnel were in communication with the USEPA and IDEM spill response staff several times on April 2, 2019 being updated on the spill and providing natural resource technical assistance. While on-site on April 3, 2019 US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and IDEM natural resource trustee staff provided technical assistance to IDEM and Marathon Pipe Line LLC. We participated in walking the creek banks, making wildlife observations, evaluating sheen and creek bank conditions. Investigations revealed that there were dead fish and ducks on the unnamed tributary and Billy Creek. Dead animals were recovered as safety permitted in the second day of recovery efforts. Affected fish and wildlife included 8 ducks, one Louisiana waterthrush, nearly 400 small fish and minnows, several salamanders and frogs. Some of these deceased animals had GPS coordinates collected. These samples were placed in several coolers with ice and taken to the USFWS office where the bird carcasses were stored in a locked freezer at -4oC. The fish, salamanders and frog samples were placed in 10% neutral buffered formalin to arrest the decomposition process so that species identification and aging could take place. US EPA deployed their START contractor to conduct air monitoring due to the close proximity of several residences. Response efforts ran continuously for many days (Fig. 2). IDEM OSCs led the response oversight and U.S. EPA continued to provide regional assistance and air monitoring support. were onsite to advise the spill response activities and assess natural resource conditions. On April 3, 2019 US EPA and Marathon conducted air monitoring near residential properties and all results near private residences have resulted in no detections of pollutants. Marathon continued spill recovery efforts and no oil reached Eel River or the Wabash River. Marathon completed the cleanup and remediation activities under IDEM’s oversight.

Fig. 2. “Natural gasoline” recovery efforts downstream of the Knightsville Rio pipeline break (IDEM photographs).

3

Billy Creek and Natural Resource Injuries Billy Creek is in northeastern Clay County approximately 1 mile east of Brazil, Indiana. Billy Creek is a tributary to Croys Creek which flows into the Eel River just downstream of Cagels Mill Lake in Putnam County (Fig. 3). The stream segments impacted have a combined catchment basin of 15.96 km2. Land use in this region of Indiana is predominantly agricultural (62%) National Hydrology Dataset Plus (version 2). Corn and soybeans are the two major crops. The mean daily discharge at the upper segment of Billy Creek nearest the spill is 3.31 cubic feet per second (NHDP). Despite the significant amount of agriculture in this area, the creek is surrounded by high quality forested riparian and wetland habitat. The Billy Creek ecosystem is home to a wide range of fish and invertebrate species. Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) routinely inventories the biotic integrity of Indiana streams on a 5 year rotating basis. The regional expectations of the biological integrity of central Indiana (Eastern Corn Belt Plain, ECBP) water resources was developed by Simon and DuFour (1998) and has been calibrated to accommodate headwater stream conditions. Best achievable conditions in the ecoregion is based on the concept of “least impacted” reference conditions for establishing baseline conditions (Hughes et al. 1986, Hughes 1995). This calibration uses an ecological classification that recognizes expected differences in biological assemblages based on potential natural vegetation, soils, land forms, and climate (Omernik 1987). Using only the inventory of the deceased fish community (Table 1) this stretch of Billy Creek achieved an Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) score of 42 (Table 2). According to the ECBP the spill impact zone would be rated as “Fair” in comparison to highest achievable conditions. Many of the fish in this sample were 4 plus years old.

Table 1. Fish collected from Billy Creek April 2, 2019. Feeding, reproductive and tolerance guild classifications for collected species are included (Simon and DuFour 1998). ______________________________________________________________ count Feed Repro Tolerance _____________________________________________________________ Creek Chub 214 G N T Central Stoneroller 29 H N - Luxilus sp. (Shiner) 18 I S - Rainbow Darter 24 I S M Greenside Darter 26 I S M Pimephales sp. (minnow) 44 O C - Largemouth Bass 2 C C - Green Sunfish 27 I C T Bluegill 2 I C P Redside Dace 13 I S R ______________________________________________________________

4

Table 2. Index of Biotic Integrity from Billy Creek April 2, 2019. Billy Creek date 4/2/2019 Drainage size (sq mi) 6.2

Total fish 399 value points

Total # species 10 5 # darter species 2 3 # sunfish species 2 3 # minnow species 5 5 # sensitive species 3 5 % tolerant indiv 60 1 % ominivore indiv 11 5 % insectivore indiv 28 3 % pioneer indiv 67 1 # indiv CPU 399 5 % simple litho spawners 14 1 % DELT 0 5

2019 IBI Score 42

Score Categories Very Poor 12-22 Poor 28-34 Fair 40-44 Good 48-52 Excellent 58-60

Two federally listed species, the endangered Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), and the threatened northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) have been frequently found in areas near to this spill impact zone (USFWS undated), and in similar habitats to those impacted in the Billy Creek watershed (Fig. 3). In addition, several amphibians were impacted by the spill. Although a relatively small area was impacted by this spill (Fig. 1), it was high value wildlife habitat as adverse impacts to migratory bird were extraordinary. The death of 8 wood ducks in the peak of the breeding season is a substantial loss. The loss of a Louisiana waterthrush is also significant. Waterthrush are “bioindicators of riparian ecosystem integrity” (Frantz et al. 2018) being found in contiguous, high value habitats (Mattsson et al. 2009). They feed on aquatic macro-invertebrates (Prosser and Brooks 1998) from “well developed pool and riffle areas” (Frantz et al. 2018). Accordingly, natural resources under the trusteeship of the Trustees have been injured as a result of the releases of natural gasoline at this incident.

5

Fig. 3. This is where the natural gasoline product entered the unnamed tributary to Billy Creek. Suitable bat habitat surrounds this impact zone (IDEM photograph).

It is established that “natural gasoline” is “toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects” (Marathon 2016). This was confirmed by the observations and collections of fish, salamanders and frog along the unnamed tributary and Billy Creek. Some scavenging likely took place as small wading bird footprints (likely from a green heron) were observed in the impact zone (D. Sparks pers. obs. 4-3-2019). Concentrations of Petroleum Product in Billy Creek

It is estimated that approximately 12,600 gallons of natural gasoline was released into the Billy Creek. This petroleum product was different than anything we had ever had experience with and so we pursued chemical analyses. The trustees asked the US Coast Guard’s Marine Safety Laboratory (MSL) if they would analyze feathers to describe the petroleum product for us in detail. Having reviewed the “natural gasoline” SDS that we had received from Marathon, MSL stated that their routine analytical approach was not designed to work for such an extremely light and volatile product. This led us to explore analytical opportunities with our standing analytical contractors. After coordinating with our Analytical Control Center (ACF) we contracted with Alpha Woods Hole Analytical Laboratory (Alpha) to analyze feathers clipped from these 9 birds for oil fingerprint analysis. Analytical Methods The USFWS Analytical Control Facility let this contract to Alpha Woods Hole Labs for P.I.A.N.O. (Parafinic, Isoparafinic, Aromatic, Naphthenic, Olefinic) Volatile Organic Compounds by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). PIANO Volatile organic

6

compound analysis is applicable to the determination of purgeable organics with a boiling point below 270°C in water and other aqueous samples (surface and saline waters, groundwaters, domestic and industrial wastes), oils/NAPL, and solid samples (soils, sediments and sludges).

Volatile organic compound analysis by purge and trap GC/MS can be used to quantify organic compounds that have boiling points less than 270ºC. The method is applicable to all types of matrices, and to all of the compounds listed in Table X. These volatile organic compounds can accurately be determined in the range of 2μg/L to 200μg/L for aqueous samples, in the range of 2μg/Kg to 200μg/Kg for solid samples, and 10mg/Kg to 1000mg/Kg for oil. NAPL sample results that do not require dilution.

Alpha received nine tissue/feather samples from the USFWS Bloomington, Indiana Field Office for VO/PIANO analyses. The acceptable precision of this data set was assessed utilizing reported relative percent difference (RPD) values of lab generated spiked duplicates. The acceptable RPD criterion for samples with reported analyte concentration ranges between 2-10 times the Limit of Detection (LOD) is a value of less than 17.3%. The acceptable criterion for reported analyte concentrations greater than 10 times the LOD is a value of less than 8.6%. The principal measures of accuracy used to assess the quality of this data set were lab generated spike duplicates. The average recovery of most analytes from spiked tissue, soil/sediment and water should be between 60 and 130 percent. There were no Blank Frequency Anomalies, Reference Material Frequency Anomalies, Mass Spec Frequency Anomalies, Blank Anomalies, Duplicate Anomalies, Spike Anomalies, S.R.M. Anomalies. The contract required amount of 5% precision samples were included with this data set. The lab performed lab generated spiked duplicates which were used to assess the acceptable reproducibility of the data set. The contract required amount of 5% accuracy samples were included with this data set. The lab performed lab generated spikes and lab generated spiked duplicates which were used to assess the acceptable accuracy of the data set. The Service does not have contract required LODs for VO/PIANO analytes since they are not mandatory analytes. The LODs provided by the lab should be used in assessing the data.: This analytical analysis (ACF catalog 3020099) received QA/QC approval on September 30, 2019 by Steve Boateng and Brenda Bryant (US FWS Analytical Control Facility). Between 67 and 99 compounds were detected on these feather samples (Table 3). Total VOC concentrations detected ranged from 746 ppm wet weight in the Louisiana waterthrush sample to a high of over 53,000 ppm wet weight in one of the wood duck samples. The description of “natural gasoline” in the Safety Data Sheet provided by Marathon (Appendix I) matched Alpha’s analytical results of the oil from the deceased bird’s feathers (Table 3). In sum, and as explained more fully herein, the response actions have not adequately addressed, or are not expected to address, the injuries to natural resources resulting from the incident.

Knightville bird feather analyses 1-10-2020.xlsx dws 1

Table 3. Knightville natural gasoline bird feather sample analysis (ppm wet weight).

LWT9 WD1 WD2 WD3 WD4 WD5 WD6 WD7 WD8 # detects mean rank1,2,3,4-TETRAMETHYLBENZENE 2.58 15.9 10.7 7.96 70.5 7.1 7.37 10.3 28.4 9 17.9 621,2,3,5-TETRAMETHYLBENZENE 9 53.1 36.1 25.5 355 23 25.3 34.2 94.2 9 72.8 311,2,3-TRIMETHYLBENZENE 6.78 30.3 23.8 19.6 271 17.2 20.8 26.2 60 9 52.9 381,2,4,5-TETRAMETHYLBENZENE 5.13 30.6 20.4 14.5 202 12.8 14.2 19.4 51.4 9 41.2 431,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE 26 119 82.8 77.9 1040 65.7 88.3 95.8 249 9 204.9 161,2-DIETHYLBENZENE < 1.75 2.46 1.78 1.25 17 1.09 1.38 1.73 4.12 8 3.9 951,2-DIMETHYL-3-ETHYLBENZENE 2.11 11.9 8.32 5.95 71.3 5.24 5.92 8 20.4 9 15.5 681,2-DIMETHYL-4-ETHYLBENZENE 6.49 40.8 29.1 19 308 16.9 21.4 27.6 69.2 9 59.8 361,3,5-TRIMETHYLBENZENE 10.1 50.8 37.9 30.2 473 26.7 37.7 42.5 104 9 90.3 251,3-DIETHYLBENZENE 2 11 7.9 5.75 80.4 5.03 6.4 7.76 20.6 9 16.3 641,3-DIMETHYL-2-ETHYLBENZENE < 1.75 3.58 2.64 2.15 28.2 1.92 2.29 3.05 8.09 8 6.5 911,3-DIMETHYL-4-ETHYLBENZENE 4.39 25.7 17.8 12.5 189 10.9 13.3 17 44.3 9 37.2 481,3-DIMETHYL-5-ETHYLBENZENE 7.89 44.9 31.4 22.2 324 19.5 23.3 29.6 78.3 9 64.6 331,3-DIMETHYLCYCLOPENTANE (CIS) < 1.75 7.39 2.52 2.02 42.6 1.99 5.68 4.2 6.53 8 9.1 811-METHYL-2-ETHYLBENZENE 4.76 21 16.1 14.8 190 13.2 16.8 18.6 45.4 9 37.9 471-METHYL-2-ISOPROPYLBENZENE < 1.75 2.02 1.5 0.996 15 0.892 1.18 1.49 3.4 8 3.3 961-METHYL-2-N-PROPYLBENZENE 2.64 14.5 10.4 7.21 113 6.34 8.05 10 25.6 9 22.0 571-METHYL-3-ETHYLBENZENE 12.1 55.4 41.7 40.2 490 35.9 47.6 50.2 117 9 98.9 231-METHYL-3-ISOPROPYLBENZENE 2.1 12.5 9.16 6.14 106 5.5 7.68 9.13 22.9 9 20.1 591-METHYL-3-N-PROPYLBENZENE 6.48 36.3 25.6 18.2 291 15.9 20.5 25 67.7 9 56.3 371-METHYL-4-ETHYLBENZENE 5.74 24.9 19.3 18.8 217 17 22.2 23.5 56.6 9 45.0 401-METHYL-4-ISOPROPYLBENZENE < 1.75 4.88 3.52 2.46 36.8 2.18 2.98 3.48 9.01 8 8.2 851-METHYL-4-N-PROPYLBENZENE 2.83 15.4 10.8 7.87 118 6.91 8.89 10.6 29.6 9 23.4 551-methylnaphthalene 5.43 13.3 7.51 8.12 < 2.43 7.79 6.09 8.39 21.9 8 9.8 792,2,3-TRIMETHYLBUTANE < 1.75 2.42 < 0.763 < 0.971 16.3 < 0.552 1.96 0.981 1.72 5 4.7 932,2,3-TRIMETHYLPENTANE < 1.75 2.96 1.6 1.11 43.1 1.05 3.61 1.94 3.94 8 7.4 882,2-DIMETHYLPENTANE < 1.75 7.27 1.54 1.22 40.2 0.963 5 2.79 4.94 8 8.0 862,3,3-TRIMETHYLPENTANE < 1.75 5.95 3.4 2.02 84.6 2.2 6.79 4 8.38 8 14.7 712,3,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE < 1.75 5.11 2.84 1.98 70.7 1.95 5.71 3.55 7.33 8 12.4 762,3-DIMETHYLBUTANE < 1.75 7.43 < 0.763 < 0.971 11.6 < 0.552 2.21 1.18 3.86 5 5.3 922,3-DIMETHYLPENTANE 3.03 24.6 8.41 6.3 213 5.75 21.4 13.9 22 9 35.4 492,5-DIMETHYLHEPTANE 14 96.6 62.5 33.2 1580 36.3 101 71.9 215 9 245.6 132-methylnaphthalene 8.56 19.8 11.8 13 5.04 12.5 10 13 36.8 9 14.5 733,3-DIMETHYLPENTANE < 1.75 6.46 1.94 1.58 50.7 1.3 5.72 3.12 5.18 8 9.5 80BENZENE < 1.75 3.56 1.44 1.83 3.18 1.55 1.97 2.17 4.98 8 2.6 98ETHYLBENZENE 4.03 17.4 12.2 18.2 105 16.4 18.6 20 38.7 9 27.8 53ETHYLCYCLOPENTANE < 1.75 8.96 4.13 3.26 84.8 3.24 8.26 6.47 10.7 8 16.2 65INDANE 2 7.84 6.49 6.54 61.5 5.84 5.96 7.53 17.1 9 13.4 74

across samples



LWT9 WD1 WD2 WD3 WD4 WD5 WD6 WD7 WD8 # detects mean rankacross samples

ISOBUTYLBENZENE < 1.75 4.64 3.21 2.17 35.5 1.97 2.93 3.28 8.48 8 7.8 87ISOPROPYLBENZENE < 1.75 6.2 4.43 4.67 56.5 4.13 5.72 5.41 12.5 8 12.4 75METHYLCYCLOPENTANE < 1.75 12.4 1.98 1.91 24.5 1.58 5.08 3.71 7.48 8 7.3 89N-BUTYLBENZENE 2 10.2 7.18 5.31 69.4 4.67 6.04 7.06 19.5 9 14.6 72N-PROPYLBENZENE 3.37 14.7 11.2 11.2 126 10.2 13.6 13.8 34 9 26.5 54naphthalene 5.04 11.2 9.82 11.6 49.7 10.6 7.8 11.7 24.4 9 15.8 67SEC-BUTYLBENZENE < 1.75 4.89 3.55 2.4 39.3 2.18 3.21 3.59 8.95 8 8.5 84TOLUENE 7.73 48.8 26.2 40.2 137 37 39.9 46.1 87.7 9 52.3 391,1,4-TRIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE < 1.75 9.07 5.1 3.18 125 3.11 8.16 4.98 15.7 8 21.8 581,2-DIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE (CIS) 2.62 16.6 9.78 5.99 220 6.19 14.8 10.4 26.9 9 34.8 501,2-DIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE (TRANS) 6.23 38.4 22 13.9 533 14.4 37.4 25.8 62.2 9 83.7 281,3-DMCP (TRANS)/2-METHYL-1-HEXENE < 3.51 12.2 4.49 3.21 70.9 3.24 9.59 6.91 10.8 8 15.2 691,4-DIMETHYL-2-ETHYLBENZENE 4.92 28.4 20.2 13.7 210 12.2 14.8 19.4 48.8 9 41.4 421,4-DIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE (TRANS) 4.62 40.5 19.2 13.9 492 13.9 39.6 28.1 66.6 9 79.8 291-HEPTENE/1,2-DMCP (TRANS) < 3.51 15.5 5.63 4.47 113 4.26 13.3 8.94 14.3 8 22.4 562,2-DIMETHYLBUTANE < 1.75 4.05 < 0.763 < 0.971 6.03 < 0.552 1.4 0.651 2.44 5 2.9 972,2-DIMETHYLHEXANE 2.52 15.6 8.21 5.69 261 5.57 19.4 11.4 21.9 9 39.0 462,3-DIMETHYLHEPTANE 4.96 36.1 23.6 11.8 556 12.8 30.2 21.9 79.5 9 86.3 272,3-DIMETHYLHEXANE 6.04 36.4 20.7 13.6 577 13.9 40.9 26.6 63.3 9 88.7 262,4-DIMETHYLHEXANE 6.51 39.5 21.3 14.5 642 14.7 46.5 29.6 61.2 9 97.3 242,4-DIMETHYLPENTANE < 1.75 10.4 2.31 1.87 51.6 1.56 6.69 4.15 7.21 8 10.7 772,5-DIMETHYLHEXANE 4.69 30 16.2 11.1 470 11.3 35.8 23.1 45.6 9 72.0 322-METHYLHEPTANE 27.8 206 104 70.3 2800 76.2 212 152 347 9 443.9 62-METHYLHEXANE 10.5 110 34.1 24 692 25.3 77.7 57.6 88.3 9 124.4 212-METHYLNONANE 12.4 87.4 66.1 32.9 1300 31.3 55.6 56.4 250 9 210.2 152-METHYLOCTANE 23.8 215 140 56.6 2770 66.6 172 124 430 9 444.2 52-METHYLPENTANE < 1.75 45.4 3.92 3.15 59.2 2.64 12.1 7.8 23.9 8 19.8 603,3-DIMETHYLHEPTANE 2.78 18.1 11.6 6.11 289 6.7 16.7 11.1 32.3 9 43.8 413,3-DIMETHYLOCTANE 1.86 13.5 10.2 4.61 190 4.77 9.65 8.81 21.6 9 29.4 513,4-DIMETHYLHEPTANE 9.36 65 43.7 22.4 995 24.9 56.2 42.9 143 9 155.8 193,5-DIMETHYLHEPTANE 3.4 23.6 15.7 7.75 409 8.76 22.3 15.1 45.5 9 61.2 353-ETHYLHEXANE 6.24 41.1 23.7 14.8 671 14.9 45 26.8 65.3 9 101.0 223-ETHYLPENTANE < 1.75 10.4 4.06 2.88 92.9 2.93 10 6.54 10.5 8 17.5 633-METHYLHEPTANE 28.8 207 105 70.9 2840 76.9 212 150 362 9 450.3 43-METHYLHEXANE 11 96.9 35.4 25.2 731 26 79.7 58 90.6 9 128.2 203-METHYLNONANE 13.4 93.4 70.4 35.7 1360 33.6 58.4 85.6 260 9 223.4 143-METHYLOCTANE 24.3 212 130 57.5 2630 74.3 168 140 442 9 430.9 73-METHYLPENTANE < 1.75 33.6 3.29 2.78 52.1 2.31 10.3 6.58 17.8 8 16.1 66



LWT9 WD1 WD2 WD3 WD4 WD5 WD6 WD7 WD8 # detects mean rankacross samples

4-METHYLHEPTANE 11.7 77.8 45.9 29.7 1200 31.3 87.9 62.3 144 9 187.8 184-METHYLOCTANE 18.9 156 90.6 44.5 1990 51.6 126 114 344 9 326.2 8CYCLOHEXANE 2.43 25.8 5.95 5.98 89 5.05 15.3 10.1 17.9 9 19.7 61CYCLOPENTANE < 1.75 1.11 < 0.763 < 0.971 1.22 < 0.552 < 0.709 < 0.585 0.696 3 1.0 99HEPTANE 21.2 210 77.3 55.6 1370 65 164 144 223 9 258.9 12ISOOCTANE < 1.75 3.21 1.43 1.05 41.7 0.866 4.02 2.06 3.47 8 7.2 90ISOPENTANE < 1.75 21.7 1.71 1.47 21.4 1.21 4.47 1.79 15.2 8 8.6 83ISOPROPYLCYCLOHEXANE < 1.75 8.5 5.89 3.01 74 3.1 6.21 5.63 14.9 8 15.2 70ISOPROPYLCYCLOPENTANE < 1.75 1.84 1.07 < 0.971 21.6 0.703 1.76 1.29 3.22 7 4.5 94METHYLCYCLOHEXANE 26.2 193 72.6 63.1 1640 62.3 167 117 197 9 282.0 10n-decane 33.4 340 224 90 3370 110 179 199 692 9 581.9 3n-dodecane 11.5 76.6 56.2 42.8 66.2 33.8 34.2 47.2 316 9 76.1 30N-HEXANE 3.23 91.8 10.8 7.93 148 7.43 25.6 23.1 49.6 9 40.8 44n-pentadecane 15.9 3.98 6.53 15.3 < 2.43 4.08 11.9 3.61 < 1.40 7 8.8 82n-tetradecane 10.9 55.2 39.4 34.1 < 2.43 33.5 24.5 35 1.4 8 29.3 52n-tridecane 10.1 76.6 45.6 38.1 < 2.43 33.8 26.4 41.1 47 8 39.8 45n-undecane 18.5 203 132 57.5 1700 50.5 59.1 108 446 9 308.3 9nonane 43.8 370 240 129 4590 133 287 268 919 9 775.5 1O-XYLENE 9.31 37.2 26.7 35.3 280 32.2 36.6 40.3 77 9 63.8 34OCTANE 48.8 364 204 132 4550 144 370 301 790 9 767.1 2P/M-XYLENE 28.9 124 88.4 118 839 107 128 129 272 9 203.8 17PENTANE < 1.75 27.8 2.27 1.5 20.2 1.2 4.52 3.02 19.9 8 10.1 78XYLENE (TOTAL) 38.2 161 115 153 1120 139 165 129 349 9 263.2 11

sum of concentrations (ug/g) 746.0 5418.3 3117.9 2154.4 53297.5 2133.9 4162.5 3691.6 9919.8 # compounds detected 67 99 95 94 95 95 98 98 98 rank 9 3 6 7 1 8 4 5 2

10

References Frantz M W, Wood PB, Merovich Jr GT (2018) Demographic characteristics of an avian predator, Louisiana waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla), in response to its aquatic prey in a Central Appalachian USA watershed impacted by shale gas development. PLoS ONE 13(11):e0206077 Hughes RM (1995) Defining acceptable biological status by comparing with reference condition, In: Davis WS, Simon TP (eds) Biological assessment and criteria: Tools for water resource planning and decision making. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, pp 31-47 Hughes RM, Larsen DP, Omernik JM (1986) Regional reference sites: a method for assessing stream potentials. Environ Manage 10:629-635 Marathon (2016). Marathon Safety Data Sheet: Marathon Petroleum Natural Gasoline, 0387MAR020: Marathon Petroleum Company LP, 539 South Main Street, Findlay, OH 45840 Mattsson BJ, Master TL, Mulvihill RS, Robsinson WD (2009) Louisiana Waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla). In: Rodewald PG, editor. The birds of North America. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; 2009. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.151 Omernik JM (1987) Ecoregions of the conterminous Unites States. Ann Assoc Am Geog 77:118-125 Prosser DJ, Brooks RP (1998) A verified habitat suitability index for the Louisiana Waterthrush. J Field Ornithol. 69:288–298 Simon TP, Dufour RL (1998) Development of index of biotic integrity expectations for the ecoregions of Indiana. V. Eastern Corn Belt Plain. EPA 905/R-96/002. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region V. Water Division, Watershed and Nonpoint Source Branch, Chicago, IL United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Birds of conservation concern 2008. Arlington, VA https://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/pdf/grants/BirdsofConservation Concern2008.pdf

https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.151

https://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/pdf/grants/BirdsofConservation%20Concern2008.pdf

https://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/pdf/grants/BirdsofConservation%20Concern2008.pdf

11

Appendix I

SAFETY DATA SHEET

Marathon Petroleum Natural Gasoline

SAFETY DATA SHEETSDS ID NO.: 0387MAR020Revision Date 01/26/2016

1. IDENTIFICATIONProduct Name: Marathon Petroleum Natural Gasoline

Synonym: Sweet Natural Gasoline; Pentanes PlusProduct Code: 0387MAR020Chemical Family: Aliphatic Hydrocarbon

Recommended Use: Feedstock.Restrictions on Use: All others.

SDS information: 1-419-421-3070

Emergency Telephone: 1-877-627-5463

2. HAZARD IDENTIFICATIONClassification

OSHA Regulatory StatusThis chemical is considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)

Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2Germ cell mutagenicity Category 1BCarcinogenicity Category 1AReproductive toxicity Category 2Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) Category 3Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) Category 1

Category 2Aspiration toxicity Category 1Acute aquatic toxicity Category 2Chronic aquatic toxicity Category 2

Hazards Not Otherwise Classified (HNOC)Static accumulating flammable liquid

Label elementsEMERGENCY OVERVIEW

Manufacturer, Importer, or Responsible Party Name and Address:MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY LP539 South Main StreetFindlay, OH 45840

Flammable liquids Category 1

Danger

SDS ID NO.: 0387MAR020 Product name: Marathon Petroleum Natural Gasoline Page 1 of 18

EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR

_____________________________________________________________________________________________0387MAR020 Marathon Petroleum Natural Gasoline Revision Date 01/26/2016

Precautionary Statements - PreventionKeep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smokingKeep container tightly closedGround/bond container and receiving equipmentUse explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipmentUse only non-sparking tools.Take precautionary measures against static dischargeObtain special instructions before useDo not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understoodWear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protectionDo not eat, drink or smoke when using this productDo not breathe mist/vapors/sprayUse only outdoors or in a well-ventilated areaWash hands and any possibly exposed skin thoroughly after handlingAvoid release to the environment

Precautionary Statements - ResponseIF exposed or concerned: Get medical attentionIF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/showerIf skin irritation occurs: Get medical attentionWash contaminated clothing before reuseIF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathingCall a POISON CENTER or doctor if you feel unwellIF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctorDo NOT induce vomitingIn case of fire: Use water spray, fog or regular foam for extinction

Precautionary Statements - StorageStore in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closedKeep coolStore locked up

Precautionary Statements - DisposalDispose of contents/container at an approved waste disposal plant

3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

May accumulate electrostatic charge and ignite or explodeMay be fatal if swallowed and enters airwaysCauses skin irritationMay cause genetic defectsMay cause cancerSuspected of damaging fertility or the unborn childMay cause respiratory irritationMay cause drowsiness or dizzinessCauses damage to organs (blood, blood-forming organs, immune system) through prolonged or repeated exposureMay cause damage to organs (nervous system, auditory system) through prolonged or repeated exposureToxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Appearance Colorless Liquid Physical State Liquid Odor Hydrocarbon



Composition Information:

Name CAS Number % ConcentrationNatural Gasoline C5-C8 68425-31-0 0-100Pentane (mixed isomers) 78-78-4 23-66

Hexane Isomers (other than n-Hexane) 107-83-5 10-15Heptane (mixed isomers) 142-82-5 7-13

n-Hexane 110-54-3 6-10Octane 111-65-9 0.5-5

Butane (mixed isomers) 106-97-8 0.2-4.5Nonane 111-84-2 0-2.5Toluene 108-88-3 0-2Benzene 71-43-2 0.1-2

Cyclopentane 287-92-3 1-1.5Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 0.15

All concentrations are percent by weight unless material is a gas. Gas concentrations are in percent by volume.

4. FIRST AID MEASURESFirst Aid Measures

General Advice: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show directionsfor use or safety data sheet if possible).

Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, institute rescue breathing. If breathing is difficult,ensure airway is clear, give oxygen and continue to monitor. If heart has stopped,immediately begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Keep affected person warm and atrest. If symptoms or irritation occur, call a physician.

Skin Contact: Immediately wash exposed skin with plenty of soap and water while removing contaminatedclothing and shoes. May be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts. Get medicalattention if irritation persists. Any injection injury from high pressure equipment should beevaluated immediately by a physician as potentially serious (See NOTES TO PHYSICIAN).

Place contaminated clothing in closed container until cleaned or discarded. If clothing is tobe laundered, inform the person performing the operation of contaminant's hazardousproperties. Destroy contaminated, non-chemical resistant footwear.

Eye Contact: Flush immediately with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Eyelids should beheld away from the eyeball to ensure thorough rinsing. Gently remove contacts whileflushing. Get medical attention if irritation persists.

Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting because of danger of aspirating liquid into lungs, causing seriousdamage and chemical pneumonitis. If spontaneous vomiting occurs, keep head below hips,or if patient is lying down, turn body and head to side to prevent aspiration and monitor forbreathing difficulty. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Keep affectedperson warm and at rest. GET IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION.

Most important signs and symptoms, both short-term and delayed with overexposure

Adverse Effects: Irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. Symptoms may include redness, itching, andinflammation. May cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and signs of nervous systemdepression: headache, drowsiness, dizziness, loss of coordination, disorientation andfatigue. Aspiration hazard. May cause coughing, chest pains, shortness of breath,pulmonary edema and/or chemical pneumonitis. Prolonged or repeated exposure maycause adverse effects to the blood, blood forming organs, immune system, nervous system,and auditory system. Repeated or prolonged skin contact may cause drying, reddening,itching and cracking.


Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed


Notes To Physician: INHALATION: This material (or a component) sensitizes the myocardium to the effects ofsympathomimetic amines. Epinephrine and other sympathomimetic drugs may initiatecardiac arrhythmias in individuals exposed to this material. Administration ofsympathomimetic drugs should be avoided.

SKIN: Leaks or accidents involving high-pressure equipment may inject a stream of materialthrough the skin and initially produce an injury that may not appear serious. Only a smallpuncture wound may appear on the skin surface but, without proper treatment anddepending on the nature, original pressure, volume, and location of the injected material,can compromise blood supply to an affected body part. Prompt surgical debridement of thewound may be necessary to prevent irreversible loss of function and/or the affected bodypart. High pressure injection injuries may be SERIOUS SURGICAL EMERGENCIES.

INGESTION: This material represents a significant aspiration and chemical pneumonitishazard. Induction of emesis is not recommended.

5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURESSuitable extinguishing mediaFor small fires, Class B fire extinguishing media such as CO2, dry chemical, foam (AFFF/ATC) or water spray can be used. Forlarge fires, water spray, fog or foam (AFFF/ATC) can be used. Firefighting should be attempted only by those who are adequatelytrained and equipped with proper protective equipment.

Unsuitable extinguishing mediaDo not use straight water streams to avoid spreading fire.

Specific hazards arising from the chemicalThis product has been determined to be an extremely flammable liquid per the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard and shouldbe handled accordingly. May accumulate electrostatic charge and ignite or explode. Vapors may travel along the ground or bemoved by ventilation and ignited by many sources such as pilot lights, sparks, electric motors, static discharge, or other ignitionsources at locations distant from material handling. Flashback can occur along vapor trail. For additional fire related information,see NFPA 30 or the Emergency Response Guidebook 128.

Hazardous combustion productsSmoke, carbon monoxide, and other products of incomplete combustion.

Explosion dataSensitivity to Mechanical Impact No.Sensitivity to Static Discharge Yes.

Special protective equipment and precautions for firefightersFirefighters should wear full protective clothing and positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a fullface-piece, as appropriate. Avoid using straight water streams. Water may be ineffective in extinguishing low flash point fires, butcan be used to cool exposed surfaces. Avoid excessive water spray application. Water spray and foam (AFFF/ATC) must beapplied carefully to avoid frothing and from as far a distance as possible. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Additional firefighting tacticsFIRES INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders ormonitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after the fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leakor safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration oftank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles: if this isimpossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

EVACUATION: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 1000 feet. If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire,ISOLATE for 5280 feet (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation of 5280 feet (1 mile) in all directions.

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

NFPA Health 1 Flammability 3 Instability 0 Special Hazard -



Personal precautions: Keep public away. Isolate and evacuate area. Shut off source if safe to do so. Eliminate allignition sources.

Protective equipment: Use personal protection measures as recommended in Section 8.

Emergency procedures: Advise authorities and National Response Center (800-424-8802) if the product hasentered a water course or sewer. Notify local health and pollution control agencies, ifappropriate.

Environmental precautions: Avoid release to the environment. Avoid subsoil penetration.

Methods and materials forcontainment:

Contain liquid with sand or soil. Prevent spilled material from entering storm drains, sewers,and open waterways.

Methods and materials for cleaningup:

Use suitable absorbent materials such as vermiculite, sand, or clay to clean up residualliquids. Recover and return free product to proper containers. When recovering free liquidsensure all equipment is grounded and bonded. Use only non-sparking tools.

7. HANDLING AND STORAGESafe Handling Precautions: NEVER SIPHON THIS PRODUCT BY MOUTH. Use appropriate grounding and bonding

practices. Static accumulating flammable liquid. Bonding and grounding may be insufficientto eliminate the hazard from static electricity. Do not expose to heat, open flames, strongoxidizers or other sources of ignition. Vapors may travel along the ground or be moved byventilation. Flashback may occur along vapor trails. No smoking. Avoid repeated andprolonged skin contact. Avoid breathing vapors or mists. Use only with adequateventilation. Use personal protection measures as recommended in Section 8. Use onlynon-sparking tools. Exercise good personal hygiene including removal of soiled clothingand prompt washing with soap and water. Do not cut, drill, grind or weld on emptycontainers since explosive residues may remain. Refer to applicable EPA, OSHA, NFPAand consistent state and local requirements.

Hydrocarbons are basically non-conductors of electricity and can become electrostaticallycharged during mixing, filtering, pumping at high flow rates or loading and transferoperations. If this charge reaches a sufficiently high level, sparks can form that may ignitethe vapors of flammable liquids. Sudden release of hot organic chemical vapors or mistsfrom process equipment operating under elevated temperature and pressure, or suddeningress of air into vacuum equipment may result in ignition of vapors or mists without thepresence of obvious ignition sources. Nozzle spouts must be kept in contact with thecontainers or tank during the entire filling operation.

Portable containers should never be filled while in or on a motor vehicle or marine craft.Containers should be placed on the ground. Static electric discharge can ignite fuel vaporswhen filling non-grounded containers or vehicles on trailers. The nozzle spout must be keptin contact with the container before and during the entire filling operation. Use onlyapproved containers.

A buildup of static electricity can occur upon re-entry into a vehicle during fueling especiallyin cold or dry climate conditions. The charge is generated by the action of dissimilar fabrics(i.e., clothing and upholstery) rubbing across each other as a person enters/exits thevehicle. A flash fire can result from this discharge if sufficient flammable vapors arepresent. Therefore, do not get back in your vehicle while refueling.

Cellular phones and other electronic devices may have the potential to emit electricalcharges (sparks). Sparks in potentially explosive atmospheres (including fueling areassuch as gas stations) could cause an explosion if sufficient flammable vapors are present.Therefore, turn off cellular phones and other electronic devices when working in potentiallyexplosive atmospheres or keep devices inside your vehicle during refueling.

High-pressure injection of any material through the skin is a serious medical emergencyeven though the small entrance wound at the injection site may not initially appear serious.



These injection injuries can occur from high-pressure equipment such as paint spray orgrease or guns, fuel injectors, or pinhole leaks in hoses or hydraulic lines and should all beconsidered serious. High pressure injection injuries may be SERIOUS SURGICALEMERGENCIES (See First Aid Section 4).

Storage Conditions: Store in properly closed containers that are appropriately labeled and in a cool,well-ventilated area. Do not store near an open flame, heat or other sources of ignition.

Incompatible Materials Strong oxidizing agents.

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTIONName ACGIH TLV OSHA PELS: OSHA - Vacated PELs NIOSH IDLH

Natural Gasoline C5-C8 68425-31-0

- - - -

Pentane (mixed isomers) 78-78-4

1000 ppm TWA - - -

Hexane Isomers (other thann-Hexane) 107-83-5

500 ppm TWA1000 ppm STEL

- 500 ppm TWA1800 mg/m3 TWA1000 ppm STEL

3600 mg/m3 STEL

-

Heptane (mixed isomers) 142-82-5

400 ppm TWA500 ppm STEL

TWA: 500 ppmTWA: 2000 mg/m3

400 ppm TWA1600 mg/m3 TWA

500 ppm STEL2000 mg/m3 STEL

750 ppm

n-Hexane 110-54-3

50 ppm TWASkin - potential significant

contribution to overallexposure by the cutaneous

route

TWA: 500 ppmTWA: 1800 mg/m3


1100 ppm

Octane 111-65-9

300 ppm TWA TWA: 500 ppmTWA: 2350 mg/m3


375 ppm STEL1800 mg/m3 STEL

1000 ppm

Butane (mixed isomers) 106-97-8

1000 ppm STEL - 800 ppm TWA1900 mg/m3 TWA

-

Nonane 111-84-2

200 ppm TWA - 200 ppm TWA1050 mg/m3 TWA

-

Toluene 108-88-3

20 ppm TWA TWA: 200 ppmCeiling: 300 ppm

100 ppm TWA375 mg/m3 TWA150 ppm STEL

560 mg/m3 STEL

500 ppm

Benzene 71-43-2

0.5 ppm TWA2.5 ppm STEL

Skin - potential significantcontribution to overall

exposure by the cutaneousroute

TWA: 10 ppm (applies toindustry segments exempt

from the benzenestandard)

TWA: 1 ppmSTEL: 5 ppm

(see 29 CFR 1910.1028)

25 ppm Ceiling1 ppm TWA5 ppm STEL

500 ppm

Cyclopentane 287-92-3

600 ppm TWA - 600 ppm TWA1720 mg/m3 TWA

-

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4

20 ppm TWA TWA: 100 ppmTWA: 435 mg/m3

100 ppm TWA435 mg/m3 TWA125 ppm STEL

545 mg/m3 STEL

800 ppm

Notes: The manufacturer has voluntarily elected to provide exposure limits contained in OSHA's1989 air contaminants standard in its SDSs, even though certain of those exposure limitswere vacated in 1992.

Engineering measures: Local or general exhaust required in an enclosed area or when there is inadequateventilation. Use mechanical ventilation equipment that is explosion-proof.


Personal protective equipment


Eye protection: Use goggles or face-shield if the potential for splashing exists.

Skin and body protection: Use nitrile rubber, Viton® or PVA gloves for repeated or prolonged skin exposure. Glovesuitability is based on workplace conditions and usage. Contact the glove manufacturer forspecific advice on glove selection and breakthrough times.

Respiratory protection: Use a NIOSH approved organic vapor chemical cartridge or supplied air respirators whenthere is the potential for airborne exposures to exceed permissible exposure limits or ifexcessive vapors are generated. Observe respirator assigned protection factors (APFs)criteria cited in federal OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134. Self-contained breathing apparatus shouldbe used for fire fighting.

Hygiene measures: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Avoid contact withskin, eyes and clothing.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESInformation on basic physical and chemical propertiesPhysical State LiquidAppearance Colorless LiquidColor ColorlessOdor HydrocarbonOdor Threshold No data available.

Property Values (Method)Melting Point / Freezing Point No data available.Initial Boiling Point / Boiling Range 23-205 °C / 74-402 °F (ASTM D7345)Flash PointEvaporation Rate No data available.Flammability (solid, gas) Not applicable.Flammability Limit in Air (%):

Upper Flammability Limit: 7.6Lower Flammability Limit: 1.4

Explosion limits: No data available.Vapor Pressure 3.4-15.3 psi @ 100 °F (ASTM D5191)Vapor Density 3-4 (Air = 1)Specific Gravity / Relative Density 0.65-0.73Water Solubility No data available.Solubility in other solvents No data available.Partition Coefficient No data available.Decomposition temperature No data available.pH: Not applicableAutoignition Temperature No data available.Kinematic Viscosity No data available.Dynamic Viscosity No data available.Explosive Properties No data available.VOC Content (%) No data available.Density No data available.Bulk Density Not applicable.

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Chemical stability The material is stable at 70°F (21°C ), 760 mmHg pressure.

Possibility of hazardous reactions None under normal processing.

Hazardous polymerization Will not occur.

Reactivity The product is non-reactive under normal conditions.



Conditions to avoid Excessive heat, sources of ignition, open flame.

Incompatible Materials Strong oxidizing agents.

Hazardous decomposition products None known under normal conditions of use.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATIONPotential short-term adverse effects from overexposures

Inhalation Irritating to the respiratory system. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Breathing highconcentrations of this material in a confined space or by intentional abuse can causeirregular heartbeats which can cause death.

Eye contact Exposure to vapor or contact with liquid may cause mild eye irritation, including tearing,stinging, and redness.

Skin contact Causes skin irritation. Effects may become more serious with repeated or prolongedcontact. May be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts.

Ingestion May be fatal if swallowed or vomited and enters airways. May cause irritation of the mouth,throat and gastrointestinal tract.

Acute toxicological data

Name Oral LD50 Dermal LD50 Inhalation LC50Natural Gasoline C5-C8

68425-31-0> 5000 mg/kg (Rat) > 2000 mg/kg (Rabbit) >1 - <5 mg/l (Rat) 4 h


- - 450 mg/L (Mouse) 2 h


> 5000 mg/kg (Rat) - -


- 3000 mg/kg (Rabbit) 103 g/m3 (Rat) 4 h

n-Hexane 110-54-3

15000 mg/kg (Rat) 3000 mg/kg (Rabbit) 48000 ppm (Rat) 4 h

Octane 111-65-9

- - 118 g/m3 (Rat) 4 h


- - 658 mg/L (Rat) 4 h

Nonane 111-84-2

- - 17 mg/L (Male rat) 4 h

Toluene 108-88-3

> 2000 mg/kg (Rat) 8390 mg/kg (Rabbit) 12.5 mg/L (Rat) 4 h

Benzene 71-43-2

> 2000 mg/kg (Rat) > 5000 mg/kg (Rabbit) > 20 mg/l (Rat) 4 h


> 2000 mg/kg (Rat) - >20 mg/L (Rat) 4 h


> 2000 mg/kg (Rat) > 2000 mg/kg (Rabbit) 17.2 mg/L (Rat) 4 h

Delayed and immediate effects as well as chronic effects from short and long-term exposure

GASOLINE: Lifetime inhalation studies with full vaporized gasoline (67, 292 and 2,056ppm) produced kidney damage and kidney tumors in male rats but not in female rats ormale and female mice. Female mice developed a slightly higher incidence of liver tumorscompared to controls at the highest exposure level. Results from separate studies withcompounds producing similar effects, i.e., 1,4-dichlorobenzene and perchloroethylene,have shown that the kidney damage and kidney tumors develop via the formation ofalpha-2u-globulin, a mechanism unique to the male rat. Humans do not formalpha-2u-globulin, therefore, tumors resulting from this mechanism are not relevant inhumans. The biologic significance of the mouse liver tumor response with regard to human



health risk not clear at this time. Altered mental state, drowsiness, peripheral motorneuropathy, irreversible brain damage (so-called Petrol Sniffer's Encephalopathy), delirium,seizures, and sudden death have been reported from repeated overexposure to somehydrocarbon solvents, naphthas, and gasoline.

PENTANES: Studies of pentane isomers in laboratory animals indicate exposure toextremely high levels (roughly 10 vol.%) may induce cardiac arrhythmias (irregularheartbeats) which may be serious or fatal.

N-HEXANE: Long-term or repeated exposure to n-hexane can cause peripheral nervedamage. Initial symptoms are numbness of the fingers and toes. Also, motor weaknesscan occur in the digits, but may also involve muscles of the arms, thighs and forearms. Theonset of these symptoms may be delayed for several months to a year after the beginningof exposure. Testicular atrophy and partial to full loss of the germ cell line were observed insub-chronic high-dose inhalation studies of laboratory rodents. These effects appearedirreversible. Rodent reproduction studies have shown evidence of reduced fetal weight butno frank malformations.

BUTANES: Studies in laboratory animals indicate exposure to extremely high levels ofbutanes (1-10 or higher vol.% in air) may cause cardiac arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)which may be serious or fatal.

TOLUENE: Abuse of toluene at high concentrations (e.g., glue sniffing and solvent abuse)has been associated with adverse effects on the liver, kidney and nervous system, and cancause nervous system depression, cardiac arrhythmias, and death. Studies of workersindicate long-term exposure may be related to impaired color vision and hearing. Somestudies of workers suggest long-term exposure may be related to neurobehavioral andcognitive changes. Some of these effects have been observed in laboratory animalsfollowing repeated exposure to high levels of toluene. Several studies of workers suggestlong-term exposure may be related to small increases in spontaneous abortions andchanges in some gonadotropic hormones. However, the weight of evidence does notindicate toluene is a reproductive hazard to humans. Studies in laboratory animals indicatesome changes in reproductive organs following high levels of exposure, but no significanteffects on mating performance or reproduction were observed. Case studies of personsabusing toluene suggest isolated incidences of adverse effects on the fetus including birthdefects. Findings in laboratory animals have been largely negative. Positive findingsinclude small increases in minor skeletal and visceral malformations and developmentaldelays following very high levels of maternal exposure. Studies of workers indicate longterm exposure may be related to effects on the liver, kidney and blood, but these appear tobe limited to changes in serum enzymes and decreased leukocyte counts. Adverse effectson the liver, kidney, thymus and nervous system were observed in animal studies followingvery high levels of exposure. The relevance of these findings to humans is not clear at thistime.

BENZENE: Studies of workers exposed to benzene show clear evidence that overexposurecan cause cancer and other diseases of the blood forming organs including AcuteMyelogenous Leukemia (AML), and Aplastic Anemia (AA), an often fatal disease. Somestudies suggest overexposure to benzene may also be associated with MyelodysplasticSyndrome (MDS). Findings from a case control study of workers exposed to benzene wasreported during the 2009 Benzene Symposium in Munich included an increase in AcuteMyeloid Leukemias and Non-Hodgkins Lymphoid Neoplasms (NHLN) of the subtypefollicular lymphoma (FL) in some occupational categories. Some studies of workersexposed to benzene have shown an association with increased rates of chromosomeaberrations in circulating lymphocytes. One study of women workers exposed to benzenesuggested a weak association with irregular menstruation. However, other studies ofworkers exposed to benzene have not demonstrated clear evidence of an effect on fertilityor reproductive outcome in humans. Benzene can cross the placenta and affect thedeveloping fetus. Cases of AA have been reported in the offspring of persons severelyoverexposed to benzene. Studies in laboratory animals indicate that prolonged, repeatedexposure to high levels of benzene vapor can cause bone marrow suppression and cancerin multiple organ systems. Studies in laboratory animals show evidence of adverse effectson male reproductive organs following high levels of exposure but no significant effects on



reproduction have been observed. Embryotoxicity has been reported in studies oflaboratory animals but effects were limited to reduced fetal weight and minor skeletalvariations. Benzene has been classified as a proven human carcinogen by OSHA and aGroup 1 (Carcinogenic to Humans) material by IARC. The current proposed IARCclassification for benzene is summarized as follows: Sufficient evidence for Acute MyeloidLeukemia; limited evidence for Acute Lymphatic Leukemia, Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia,Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, and Multiple Myeloma.

ETHYLBENZENE: Findings from a 2-year inhalation study in rodents conducted by NTPwere as follows: Effects were observed only at the highest exposure level (750 ppm). Atthis level the incidence of renal tumors was elevated in male rats (tubular carcinomas) andfemale rats (tubular adenomas). The incidence of tumors was also elevated in male mice(alveolar and bronchiolar carcinomas) and female mice (hepatocellular carcinomas). IARChas classified ethyl benzene as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B). Studies inlaboratory animals indicate some evidence of post-implantation deaths following high levelsof maternal exposure. The relevance of these findings to humans is not clear at this time.Studies in laboratory animals indicate limited evidence of renal malformations, resorptions,and developmental delays following high levels of maternal exposure with evidence ofmaternal toxicity. The relevance of these findings to humans is not clear at this time.Studies in laboratory animals have demonstrated evidence of ototoxicity (hearing loss)following exposure levels as low as 300 ppm for 5 days. Studies in laboratory animalsindicate some evidence of adverse effects on the liver, kidney, thyroid, and pituitary gland.

C9 AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS: A developmental inhalation study was conducted inlaboratory mice. Increased implantation losses, reduced fetal weights, delayed ossificationand an increased incidence of cleft palate were observed at the highest exposure level(1,500 ppm). This exposure level was extremely toxic to pregnant female mice (44%mortality). Reduced fetal body weights were also observed at 500 ppm. Amulti-generation reproduction inhalation study was conducted in laboratory rats.Reductions in pup weights, pup weight gain, litter size, and pup survival were observed at1,500 ppm, an exposure level at which significant maternal toxicity was observed. Reducedpup weight gain was also observed at 500 ppm.

COMBUSTION ENGINE EXHAUST: Chronic inhalation studies of gasoline engine exhaustin mice, rats and hamsters did not produce any carcinogenic effects. Condensates/extractsof gasoline engine exhaust produced an increase in tumors compared to controls whentesting by skin painting, subcutaneous injection, intratracheal instillation or implantation intothe lungs. Gasoline exhaust has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (2B)by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).

Adverse effects related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics

Signs and Symptoms Irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. Symptoms may include redness, itching, andinflammation. May cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and signs of nervous systemdepression: headache, drowsiness, dizziness, loss of coordination, disorientation andfatigue. Aspiration hazard. May cause coughing, chest pains, shortness of breath,pulmonary edema and/or chemical pneumonitis. Prolonged or repeated exposure maycause damage to organs. Repeated or prolonged skin contact may cause drying,reddening, itching and cracking.

Sensitization Not expected to be a skin or respiratory sensitizer.

Mutagenic effects May cause genetic defects.

Carcinogenicity Cancer designations are listed in the table belowName ACGIH

(Class)IARC

(Class)NTP OSHA


Not Listed Possibly carcinogenic tohumans (2B)

Not Listed Not Listed


Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed

Hexane Isomers (other thann-Hexane)




107-83-5Heptane (mixed isomers)

142-82-5Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed

n-Hexane 110-54-3


Octane 111-65-9




Nonane 111-84-2


Toluene 108-88-3

Not Classifiable (A4) Not Classifiable (3) Not Listed Not Listed

Benzene 71-43-2

Confirmed humancarcinogen (A1)

Carcinogenic to humans (1) Known to be humancarcinogen

Known carcinogen




Confirmed animalcarcinogen (A3)

Possible human carcinogen(2B)

Not Listed Not Listed

Reproductive toxicity Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child.

Specific Target Organ Toxicity(STOT) - single exposure

Respiratory system. Central nervous system.

Specific Target Organ Toxicity(STOT) - repeated exposure

Blood. Blood-forming organs. Immune system. Nervous system. Auditory system.

Aspiration hazard May be fatal if swallowed or vomited and enters airways.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATIONEcotoxicity This product should be considered toxic to aquatic organisms, with the potential to cause

long lasting adverse effects in the aquatic environment.

Name Algae/aquatic plants Fish Toxicity toMicroorganisms

Crustacea


- 96-hr LC50 >1 - <10 mg/lFish

- 48-hr EC50 >1 - <10 mg/lDaphnia


- 96-hr LC50 = 3.1 mg/LRainbow trout

- 48-hr EC50 = >1 - <10 mg/LDaphnia magna


- - - -


- 96-hr LC50 = 375 mg/LTilapia

- -

n-Hexane 110-54-3

- 96-hr LC50 = 2.5 mg/lFathead minnow

- -

Octane 111-65-9

- - - 48-hr LC50 = 0.38 mg/lDaphnia magna


- - - -

Nonane 111-84-2

- - - 48-hr LC50 = 0.64 mg/lDaphnia magna

Toluene 108-88-3

72-hr EC50 = 12.5 mg/lAlgae

96-hr LC50 <= 10 mg/lRainbow trout

- 48-hr EC50 = 5.46-9.83 mg/lDaphnia magna

48-hr EC50 = 11.5 mg/lDaphnia magna (Static)

Benzene 71-43-2

72-hr EC50 = 29 mg/lAlgae

96-hr LC50 = 5.3 mg/lRainbow trout(flow-through)

- 48-hr EC50 = 8.76-15.6 mg/lDaphnia magna (Static)


- - - 48-hr EC50 = 10.5 mg/LDaphnia magna


72-hr EC50 = 1.7-7.6 mg/lAlgae

96-hr LC50 = 4 mg/LRainbow trout

- 48-hr EC50 = 1-4 mg/LDaphnia magna



Persistence and degradability Expected to be inherently biodegradable.

Bioaccumulation Has the potential to bioaccumulate.

Mobility in soil May partition into air, soil and water.

Other adverse effects No information available.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONSDescription of Waste ResiduesThis material may be a flammable liquid waste.

Safe Handling of WastesHandle in accordance with applicable local, state, and federal regulations. Use personal protection measures as required. Useappropriate grounding and bonding practices. Use only non-sparking tools. Do not expose to heat, open flames, strong oxidizers orother sources of ignition. No smoking.

Disposal of Wastes / Methods of DisposalThe user is responsible for determining if any discarded material is a hazardous waste (40 CFR 262.11). Dispose of in accordancewith federal, state and local regulations.

Methods of Contaminated Packaging DisposalEmpty containers should be completely drained and then discarded or recycled, if possible. Do not cut, drill, grind or weld on emptycontainers since explosive residues may be present. Dispose of in accordance with federal, state and local regulations.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATIONDOT (49 CFR 172.101):

UN Proper Shipping Name: GasolineUN/Identification No: UN 1203Class: 3Packing Group: II

TDG (Canada):UN Proper Shipping Name: GasolineUN/Identification No: UN 1203Transport Hazard Class(es): 3Packing Group: II

15. REGULATORY INFORMATIONUS Federal Regulatory Information:

US TSCA Chemical Inventory Section 8(b): This product and/or its components are listed on the TSCAChemical Inventory.

EPA Superfund Amendment & Reauthorization Act (SARA):

SARA Section 302: This product does not contain any component(s) included on EPA's Extremely HazardousSubstance (EHS) List.

Name CERCLA/SARA - Section 302 Extremely HazardousSubstances and TPQs

Natural Gasoline C5-C8 NAPentane (mixed isomers) NA

Hexane Isomers (other than n-Hexane) NAHeptane (mixed isomers) NA

n-Hexane NAOctane NA



Butane (mixed isomers) NANonane NAToluene NABenzene NA

Cyclopentane NAEthylbenzene NA

SARA Section 304: This product may contain component(s) identified either as an EHS or a CERCLAHazardous substance which in case of a spill or release may be subject to SARA reportingrequirements:

Name Hazardous Substances RQsNatural Gasoline C5-C8 NAPentane (mixed isomers) NA

Hexane Isomers (other than n-Hexane) NAHeptane (mixed isomers) NA

n-Hexane 5000Octane NA

Butane (mixed isomers) NANonane NAToluene 1000 lb final RQ

454 kg final RQBenzene 10

Cyclopentane NAEthylbenzene 1000

SARA Section 311/312: The following EPA hazard categories apply to this product:

Acute Health HazardChronic Health HazardFire Hazard

SARA Section 313: This product may contain component(s), which if in exceedance of the de minimusthreshold, may be subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III Section 313 ToxicRelease Reporting (Form R).

Name CERCLA/SARA 313 Emission reporting:Natural Gasoline C5-C8 NonePentane (mixed isomers) None

Hexane Isomers (other than n-Hexane) NoneHeptane (mixed isomers) None

n-Hexane 1.0 % de minimis concentrationOctane None

Butane (mixed isomers) NoneNonane NoneToluene 1.0 % de minimis concentrationBenzene 0.1 % de minimis concentration

Cyclopentane NoneEthylbenzene 0.1 % de minimis concentration

State and Community Right-To-Know Regulations:The following component(s) of this material are identified on the regulatory lists below:

Natural Gasoline C5-C8Louisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: Not ListedPennsylvania Right-To-Know: Present (as well as casinghead)Massachusetts Right-To Know: Not ListedFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Not ListedMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not Listed



Massachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed

New Jersey - Special Hazardous Substances: Not ListedNew Jersey - Environmental HazardousSubstances List:

Not Listed

Illinois - Toxic Air Contaminants: Not ListedNew York - Reporting of Releases Part 597 -List of Hazardous Substances:

Not Listed

Pentane (mixed isomers)Louisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 1064Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: PresentMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Not ListedMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed

New Jersey - Special Hazardous Substances: Flammable - fourth degreeNew Jersey - Environmental HazardousSubstances List:

SN 1064 TPQ: 500 lb


Not Listed

Hexane Isomers (other than n-Hexane)Louisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 1285Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: PresentMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Not ListedMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed

New Jersey - Special Hazardous Substances: Flammable - third degreeNew Jersey - Environmental HazardousSubstances List:

Not Listed


Not Listed

Heptane (mixed isomers)Louisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 1339Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: PresentMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Toxic; FlammableMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed

New Jersey - Special Hazardous Substances: Flammable - third degree



New Jersey - Environmental HazardousSubstances List:

Not Listed


Not Listed

n-HexaneLouisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 1340Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: PresentMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Toxic; FlammableMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed


SN 1340 TPQ: 500 lb

Illinois - Toxic Air Contaminants: PresentNew York - Reporting of Releases Part 597 -List of Hazardous Substances:

1 lb RQ (air); 1 lb RQ (land/water)

OctaneLouisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 1434Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: PresentMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Toxic; FlammableMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed


Not Listed


Not Listed

Butane (mixed isomers)Louisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 0273Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: PresentMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Toxic; FlammableMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed

New Jersey - Special Hazardous Substances: Flammable - fourth degreeNew Jersey - Environmental HazardousSubstances List:

SN 0273 TPQ: 500 lb


Not Listed



NonaneLouisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 1414Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: PresentMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: ToxicMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed


Not Listed


Not Listed

TolueneLouisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Developmental toxicity, initial date 1/1/91

Female reproductive toxicity, initial date 8/7/09New Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 1866Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: Environmental hazardMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Toxic (skin); Flammable (skin)Michigan Critical Materials Register List: 100 lb Annual usage thresholdMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed

New Jersey - Special Hazardous Substances: Flammable - third degree; TeratogenNew Jersey - Environmental HazardousSubstances List:

SN 1866 TPQ: 500 lb



BenzeneLouisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Carcinogen, initial date 2/27/87

Developmental toxicity, initial date 12/26/97Male reproductive toxicity, initial date 12/26/97

New Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 0197Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: Environmental hazard; Special hazardous substanceMassachusetts Right-To Know: Carcinogen; Extraordinarily hazardousFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Toxic (skin); Flammable (skin); Carcinogen (skin)Michigan Critical Materials Register List: 100 lb Annual usage thresholdMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Carcinogen; Extraordinarily hazardousCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Present

New Jersey - Special Hazardous Substances: Carcinogen; Flammable - third degree; MutagenNew Jersey - Environmental HazardousSubstances List:

SN 0197 TPQ: 500 lb



CyclopentaneLouisiana Right-To-Know: Not Listed



California Proposition 65: Not ListedNew Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 0583Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: PresentMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Toxic; FlammableMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed


Not Listed


Not Listed

EthylbenzeneLouisiana Right-To-Know: Not ListedCalifornia Proposition 65: Carcinogen, initial date 6/11/04New Jersey Right-To-Know: SN 0851Pennsylvania Right-To-Know: Environmental hazardMassachusetts Right-To Know: PresentFlorida Substance List: Not ListedRhode Island Right-To-Know: Toxic; FlammableMichigan Critical Materials Register List: Not ListedMassachusetts Extraordinarily Hazardous Substances: Not ListedCalifornia - Regulated Carcinogens: Not ListedPennsylvania RTK - Special HazardousSubstances:

Not Listed

New Jersey - Special Hazardous Substances: Carcinogen; flammable - Third degreeNew Jersey - Environmental HazardousSubstances List:

SN 0851 TPQ: 500 lb



Canada DSL/NDSL Inventory: This product and/or its components are listed either on the Domestic Substances List (DSL)or are exempt.

Canadian Regulatory Information: This product has been classified in accordance with the hazard criteria of the ControlledProducts Regulations and the SDS contains all of the information required by thoseregulations.

Name Canada - WHMIS: Classifications ofSubstances:

Canada - WHMIS: IngredientDisclosure:

Natural Gasoline C5-C8 B2,D2A,D2B 0.1%Pentane (mixed isomers) B2 1%

Hexane Isomers (other than n-Hexane) B2 1%Heptane (mixed isomers) B2,D2B 1%

n-Hexane B2,D2A,D2B 1%Octane B2,D2B 1%

Butane (mixed isomers) A,B1 1%Nonane B2,D2B 1%Toluene B2,D2A,D2B 0.1%Benzene B2,D2A,D2B 0.1%

Cyclopentane B2 1%Ethylbenzene B2,D2A,D2B 0.1%



Note: Not applicable.

16. OTHER INFORMATIONPrepared By Toxicology and Product Safety

Revision Notes

Revision Date 01/26/2016

DisclaimerThe information provided in this Safety Data Sheet is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and belief at thedate of its publication. The information is intended as guidance for safe handling, use, processing, storage,transportation, accidental release, clean-up and disposal and is not considered a warranty or quality specification. Theinformation relates only to the specific material designated and may not be valid for such material used in combinationwith any other materials or in any process, unless specified in the text.


30

Appendix II

Wildlife Impacts

31

Fig. 4. A Louisiana Waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla) found along Billy Creek on April 3, 2019 (IDEM photograph).

Fig. 5. Five wood ducks (Aix sponsa) found along Billy Creek by Marathon’s consultants on April 3, 2019 (FWS photograph).

Fig. 6. Southern two-lined salamanders (Eurycea cirrigera) found in Billy Creek on April 3, 2019 (FWS photograph).

32

Fig. 7. Rainbow darters (Etheostoma caeruleum) found in Billy Creek on April 3, 2019 (FWS photograph). Fig. 8. Redside dace (Clinostomus elongatus) found in Billy Creek on April 3, 2019 (FWS photograph).

Fig. 9. Formalin fixed creek chubs (Semotilus atromaculatus) found in Billy Creek on April 3, 2019 (FWS photograph).

33

Fig. 10 . Two of three additional wood ducks (Aix sponsa) found along Billy Creek by IDEM On Scene Coordinators (OSCs) on April 3, 2019 (IDEM photograph)

Natural Resource Damage Assessment Preassessment Report for … · 2020-04-15 · Line LLC. We...

Documents

Transcript of Natural Resource Damage Assessment Preassessment Report for … · 2020-04-15 · Line LLC. We...