Natural Hazard Awareness and Disaster Risk Education · Natural Hazard Awareness and Disaster Risk...
Transcript of Natural Hazard Awareness and Disaster Risk Education · Natural Hazard Awareness and Disaster Risk...
Natural Hazard Awareness
and Disaster Risk Education
The 2 nd Conference of the OECD International Network on the Financial Management of Large-scale Catastrophes
24- 25 Sep 2009, Bangkok
Adthaporn Singhawichai
Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (DDPM)
Ministry of Interior, Thailand
Content
• PART I: Hazard Ranking in Thailand
• PART II: Disaster Risk Reduction and
Education in Thailand
2
PART I:
Hazard Ranking in Thailand
3
Relative Hazard Risk, Associated Vulnerabilities, Level of their Management and Risk of
Disaster Occurrence in Thailand *
Hazard Vulnerability Management Risk
Flood High Moderate Moderate High
Typhoon & Storm surge High High Moderate Moderate
Earthquake Low Low Poor Moderate
Landslide Moderate Low Poor Moderate
Drought High Moderate Moderate Moderate
Fire High Moderate Moderate Moderate
Explosion High Moderate Poor High
Major Accident High Moderate Poor High
Epidemic Low Low Moderate Low
Pest Moderate Low Poor Moderate
Civil Unrest Low Low Poor Moderate
Refugee Influx Moderate Low Moderate Moderate
* Source : Strengthening Disaster Management Strategies in Thailand, Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC),
Sponsored by UNDP under THA/88/004, March 1994. 4
Hazard Subjective Rank Numeric Weight
Flood High 2.39
Major Accidents High 2.37
Explosion High 2.34
Typhoon Moderate 2.31
Drought Moderate 2.24
Fire Moderate 2.20
Landslide Moderate 2.15
Earthquake Moderate 1.97
Civil Unrest Moderate 1.92
Refugee Influx Moderate 1.87
Pests Moderate 1.77
Epidemics Low 1.63
Rank order of risks of disasters of Thailand*
* Source: Annex E, Page E4, Strengthening Disaster Management Strategies in Thailand, Asian Disaster
Preparedness Center (ADPC), Sponsored by UNDP under THA/88/004, March 1994.5
Summary of Natural Disaster Impact
in Thailand during 2003 - 2007
Disaster
type
No.of
Event
No. of
people
Killed
No.of
Injuries
No. of
Affected
Cost of damage (USD)
Flood 60 629 1,492
15,457,98
4 48,224,742
Drought - - -
54,092,97
5 246,412,539
Tsunami 1 8,345 8,457 58,550 49,944,309
Storm 12,476 199 607 352,370 38,043,133
Source: www.disaster.go.th 6
Summary of Manmade Disaster Impact
in Thailand during 2003 - 2007
Disaster
type
No. of
Event
No. of
Killed
No. of
Injuries
No. of
Affected
Cost ofDamage (USD)
Road
accident 566,655 65,834 430,692 n/a n/a
Fire 9,188 217 526 71,113 112,689,050
Source: www.disaster.go.th 7
Relief categories
Disaster Relief Budget Spent (THB)
Year 2003 Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2006 Year 2007
Victim assistance 435,298,125 350,460,749 649,548,941 915,529,631 2,864,982,418
Social Work and Victim Rehab
- 4,118,752 34,744,062 24,650,900 35,944,071
Medical and Public Health
- 32,624, 082 93,026,953 122,823,003.20 162,663,770.47
Vegetation and others
- 127,509,213 1,592,870,843 944,813,362 952,983,895
Fisheries - 8,957,099.65 43,942,498 87,095,313 85,799,917
Livestock - 13,586,042.10 79,527,341.38 138,047,025 280,487,795
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
747,847,957 1,041,532,019.37 2,323,924,542 3,975,188,126.90 4,324,508,417.55
Victim assistance operations
- - 177,405,057.31 - 125,099,893.89
Total 1,183,146,082 1,578,805,957.12 4,994,990,237.71 6,208,147,361.10 8,832,470,177.91
Disaster Emergency Relief Expenses
8
Hazard Ranking in Thailand(According to DDPM’s emergency compensation during fiscal year 2007-2008 : Disaster Victim Relief Bureau’s Annual Report 2008, pp 40)
1. Flood 63.9 % 6. Fire 0.9 %
2. Drought 19.0 % 7. Pest 0.7 %
3. Cold Spell 8.7 % 8. Terrorism 0.4 %
4. Storm 3.0 % 9. Lightning 0.1 %
5. Avian Flu 2.8 %
9
Overview of Disaster Management
System in Thailand
10
Disaster impact
Preparedness Emergency Response
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Prevention and Mitigation
Before Event
After Event
During Event
Disaster cycle
Awareness
11
1. Disaster Management Structure
- Policy Level : National Disaster Prevention and
Mitigation Committee
- Operation Level
- National
- Province
- Local authorities
Disaster Management Mechanisms
12
2 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan
- National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan
- Master Plan for each Disaster Sub Type
- DPM Provincial Plans
- Local Authority Operation Plans
Disaster Management Mechanisms
13
PART II:
DR Education in Thailand
14
DRR Mainstreaming at Policy Level
Thailand by DDPM has adopted Hyogo
Framework for Action which enabled
DDPM to work with partners
developing “Strategic National Action
Plan” (SNAP).
Now, SNAP has already been
endorsed by The Cabinet on March 24,
2009 and ready to be implemented
country wide.15
DRR Promotion at Operation Level
Almost 50% of policies and
budget of DDPM are dedicated to
strengthening capacity in disaster
prevention and preparedness at
the community level.
16
2.1 Community Based Disaster
Risk Management (CBDRM)
17
CBDRM
• CBDRM approach was officially
introduced to DDPM in 2003 by ADPC.
• Experts and knowledge exchange between
two organizations was established.
• CBDRM Train the Trainer was implemented,
producing a cadre of competent CBDRM
trainers for DDPM and Thailand.
Development of CBDRM approach in DDPM works:
18
Development of CBDRM approach in DDPM works (cont’d):
• Two pioneer CBDRM projects supported by
international agencies were launched in pilot
communities.(Trat and Phanga)
• More technical cooperation projects with
different international agencies in different
methods and communities were respectively
implemented.19
More than five years of experience in CBDRM
with experts from different agencies has been
teaching DDPM so many precious lessons.
Continuity and sustainability of the CBDRM
approach, process, and outcomes are keys to
the existence and evolvement of a disaster
resilient community.
“How to do that?” is what we are now deliberately thinking about.
20
•Extension of CBDRM Project: Since 2004,
3,385 villages underwent CBDRM training.
CBDRM (1/2)
21
CBDRM (2/2)
22
2.2 Simulation Exercise of Disaster
Prevention & Mitigation Plans
23
1. Regional Center Level - 1 exercises/yr.
2. Provincial Level - 2 exercises /yr.
3. District Level- 1 exercise/yr.
SIMULATION EXERCISE OFDISASTER PREVENTION & MITIGATION PLANS
24
28
2.3 MOU between DDPM and MOE
DDPM & MOE had signed MOU
on capacity building for teachers
and disaster management
knowledge dissemination to
students since January 2009
29
30
They launched the project which
divided into 3 steps
1) Train the trainer for regional and
provincial levels ( Jan – Apr 2009)
2) Train the trainer for schools level
(since Feb 2009)
3) School training level
(since May 2009)
31
They wished each school should
have youth volunteers to
promote safety mind in
the school and to stimulate
safety culture in the
communities.
SCHOOL TRAINING (1/2)
32
SCHOOL TRAINING (2/2)
33
2.2 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Academy
DPMA
Ministry of Interior, Thailand
Opening Ceremony on 15 Dec 2004.
34
Major Activities
Develop 43 academy curricular in 5 training areas
1. Fire fighting
2. Collapsed building
3. Hazardous material
4. Civil defence volunteer
5. Disaster Management
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Academy
35
Training
Conduct training courses for 5 target groups
- Communities
- Civil defence volunteers
- Local authority staffs
- Government officials
- DDPM staff36
Campus expanding
Extend DPMA to reach target group in region
- East ;Prachinburi campus (Fire / Hazmat)
- South ;Songkhla campus (Marine rescue)
- Upper North ;Chiang Mai campus (Mudslide rescue)
- Northeast ;Khon Khen campus (Hazmat / Drought)
- South ;Phuket campus (Tsunami)
- Lower north ;Phitsanulok campus (Flood / Mudslide)37
Lower North :
Phitsanulok
campus
Upper North :
Chiang Mai campus
South : Songkhla
campus
South : Phuket
campus
Northeast : Khon
Khen campus
East : Prachinburi
campus
6 Campus in Thailand
38
International co-operations
- Japan
- Germany
- Sweden
- ADPC/ UNDP 39
Future direction
1. Target group
Classified in to 6 groups
-Local authority - People
-Related agency - Volunteer
- DDPM staff - Private sector
40
2. Trainers
Develop the trainers in
* Management skills
- CBDRM ( Community Based
Disaster Risk Management )
- Civil defence volunteer
- Disaster Management
- Natural disaster management 41
* Specialist skills
- Search and Rescue
- Road safety driving
- Hazardous Material
- Fire Fighting
etc.42
3. Curricula
Develop academy curricular in
- Advanced Rescue
- Marine rescue
- Chief of Municipality Emergency Unit
- Advanced rescue
- Fire inspector
- Fire Commander
- Incident commander 43
- Trainer of DDPM regional center
- Earthquake and Tsunami
- Landslide
- Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear
and Explosives (CBRN) : Terrorist Incident
Response
- Basic Emergency Response
(One Tambon One Search and Rescue
Team project : OTOS)
3. Curricula (cont.)
44
Capacity building of local
authorities
One Tambon One Search and Rescue Team
(OTOS)45
4. Equipment
Set up necessary equipments and
instruments for training such as :
- SCBA (Self Contained Breathing
Apparatus)
- PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
- Fire engines and Rescue trucks
etc.46
47
5. Training development
- Developing training materials and
manuals books.
- Developing remote study and VDO
Conference.
48
THANK YOU