Native American Elective 2

Native American QUESTIONS INDIAN ESKIMO 1.General Background Indigenous peoples in what is now the contiguous United States are commonly called "American Indians", or simply "Indians" domestically, but are also referred to as "Native Americans". In Alaska, indigenous peoples, which include American Indians,Aleut, Inuit, and Yupik peoples are referred to collectively as Alaska Natives. Ancestors of the Alaska Natives are known to have migrated into the area thousands of years ago, and established varying indigenous, complex cultures that have succeeded each other over time. They developed sophisticated ways to deal with the challenging climate and environment. Europeans and Americans began to trade with Alaska Natives in the nineteenth century. New settlements around trading posts were started by Russians, British and Americans. 2. Concept between men and women in culture ethnicity. Traditionally, Plains Indian gender roles were well defined, and men's and women's responsibilities were equally crucial to the functioning, even the survival, of their societies. Consequently, both men and women were respected for doing their jobs well, although this is not how early European American ob servers saw it. Such observers, coming from societies which held that women – gentlewomen, that is – should be cloistered and protected, were aghast at the workload that Plains Indian women carried. They witnessed them, from varying societies The division of labor in traditional Inuit society had a strong gender component, but it was not absolute. The men were traditionally hunters and fishermen and the women took care of the children, cleaned the home, sewed, processed food, and cooked. However, there are numerous examples of women who hunted, out of necessity or as a personal choice. At the same time men, who could be away from camp for several days at a time, would be expected to know how to sew and cook. The marital customs among the Inuit were not strictly monogamous: many Inuit relationships were implicitly or explicitly sexual. Open marriages, polygamy, divorce, and remarriage were known. Among so me Inuit groups, if there were children, divorce required the approval of the

Native American Elective 2

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