NATIONS IN UPHEAVAL
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Transcript of NATIONS IN UPHEAVAL
NATIONS IN UPHEAVALFRANCE AND ITALY
DEFINITIONS
Nation-state A sovereign state Inhabited by relatively homogeneous
group of people People share a feeling of common
nationality
DEFINITIONS
Nationalism National spirit Devotion and loyalty to one’s own nation Excessive patriotism The desire for national advancement or
independence
FRANCE
No longer a monarchy
Power held in the hands of the people’s elected representatives
NAPOLEON III
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon III NOT the Napoleon of
the Napoleonic Wars Nephew of Napoleon
Bonaparte
NAPOLEON III
President of the Second Republic December 1848 Won by 4 million votes
Why was he popular? Evoked nationalism and the idea of a
nation-state Appealed to the monarchs Appealed to the republicans
NAPOLEON III
Problem 4 year term No re-election
Solution Appeal to the people National Assembly allowed him to
appeal to the people Problem
Only those who had property had the right to vote
NAPOLEON III
Coup d'état - 1851 December 1-2▪ Occupy Paris▪ National Assembly dissolved▪ Universal male suffrage
December 4▪ Killed 200 rioters to prevent left-wing uprising
Declared himself emperor▪ Claimed he was restoring democratic rights
THE PEOPLE WERE HAPPY
Economy Prosperous▪ Railroad industry was booming ▪ Lead to the boom of other industries▪ Lead to employment
CRIMEAN WAR
1854-1856 Challenged Russia’s claim Reason for war
To stop Russia from expanding beyond the Black Sea and into the Balkans and east Mediterranean
Paris Peace Conference 1856 Russia compromised
CRIMEAN WAR
ITALY
Problem? Unification
GIUSEPPE MAZZINI Founder of the Young Italy
Society Society
Median through which goals of Italian nationalism were publicized
Wanted a new Italy to be democratic and republic
How was he going to make a new Italy? Revolts
ROME
Vatican and papacy Wanted to restore the Pope to Rome Intervene against the Roman
Republic Troops from Naples, Austria and France
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Man in charge to defend Rome
Failed Fled with his troops to
the hills Republic of Venice
surrendered to the Austrians in August of 1849
COUNT CAMILLO CAVOUR Took up the task of unification Joined France in Crimean War Joined Prussia against Austria Question of Italian unification
discussed at the Paris Peace Conference
Unification of northern Italy - 1860
GARBALDI’S BACK
His army is used to invade more lands in southern Italy
Problematic for Cavour Army will advance northwards
Solution Cavour and Garbaldi’s troops met in south
of Rome▪ Agree to unification
March 1861 The Kingdom of Italy is formed
SGA TOPICS
Nation-state Nationalism Coup d'état France’s economy Crimean War Mazzini vs. Garibaldi Cavour vs. Garibaldi