Nationalism, Sectionalism, Expansion, Age of Jackson, Reform Movements

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Nationalism, Sectionalism, Expansion, Age of Jackson, Reform Movements

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Nationalism, Sectionalism, Expansion, Age of Jackson, Reform Movements. Sectionalism. A. ________________ Differences 1. _________________ Economy a. __________________ i . beginning of manufacturing ii. textile mills b. ________________ – Second BUS - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Nationalism, Sectionalism, Expansion, Age of Jackson, Reform Movements

Page 1: Nationalism, Sectionalism, Expansion, Age of Jackson, Reform Movements

Nationalism, Sectionalism, Expansion, Age of Jackson, Reform Movements

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SectionalismA. ________________ Differences1. _________________ Economy a. __________________i. beginning of manufacturing ii. textile millsb. ________________ – Second BUSi. need capital to start new businessii. favored the North; loaned money

more to northern businessmenc. __________________ – farmingd. ___________________ - factoriese. Tariff of 1816 – tax on

_______________ to help businesses in US compete

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Sectionalism2. ___________ – Agriculturea. _____________________ –

Eli Whitney (1793)i. demand for _____________ ii. demand for cotton in Britainb. __________ made

manufactured goods more ____________ for southern

businessmen/plantation owners

c. slave revolts – ________________ (1831)

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Sectionalism

3. _______ – New Frontiera. ___________________

(1803) – extended boundary to Rocky Mts.

b. BUS seen to favor _______________

businessmen over western ___________

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Sectionalism

4. Slaverya. __________________

(1820)i. Missouri – ______ state;ii. Maine – ________ stateiii. territory north of 36 30

line – ________; south of line – __________

iii. only delayed the crisis

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NationalismA. A Stronger _____________ Gov’t1. The _________________ System (1815) –

Henry Claya. plan to unite the country

__________________i. ___________ – make goods to sell in

South and Westii. ______________ – produce food, cotton

for the Northb. _____________ to protect American

goodsc. new _______________________d. Improvements in ___________________

– build roads, canals, rr’sw/ $ collected from tariffs to link country

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Nationalism2. Supreme Court Casesa. _________________________i. Maryland tried to tax branch of the ______________________ii. SC said that was

______________________; supremacy of the national gov’t over state gov’t

(“the power to tax is the power to destroy”)

b. _________________________i. _________________ gov’t can

regulate/control _________________ commerce

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Nationalism

3. Foreign Policya. ___________________i. Pres. Monroe warned ____________ countries to stay out of the _____________________; no new colonies

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Westward Expansion

_____________________• belief that the US was

supposed to extend from __________________Ocean

• First used in a newspaper article in the 1840’s

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Westward MigrationA. The Frontier1. West – north of Ohio R.2. 1775 - Daniel Boone hired

to cut new road to west3. 1787 –

____________________a. rules for establishing new __________ in territoriesb. no ______________ in Northwest Territory

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Westward ExpansionA. Reasons for Migration West1. ______________ Factorsa. _________________b. religious persecution2. ______________ Factorsa. cheap _______________b. adventureB. Trails West1. Santa Fe Trail2. _________________ Trail3. _________________ Trail

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Westward ExpansionC. Movement West1. _______________(1803)2. _______________ Treatya. ___________ - from Spain (1819)3. Oregon Territorya.

“__________________________________________”

i. slogan of supporters to annex whole territory

ii. treaty signed w/_________ for Oregon

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Westward Expansion2. Annexation of _____________a. 1830’s – more Americans than Mexicans in Texasb. 1833 – Texas Revolutioni. led by ___________________ii. 1836 – “______________________” - Jim Bowie, Davie Crockett - fort defended by Texans; taken by

Mexican Armyc. 1836 – Texas wins

______________________i. Republic of Texas led by

______________________

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Westward Expansion

d. 1845 – Texas ________________ by US

i. South saw chance to expand ____________

ii. dispute w/Mexico over ______________

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Westward Expansione. _____________________War

(1846-48)i. Pres. Polk wanted New Mexico,

California territories (_____________________)

ii. Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago (1848)- Mexico ____________ Texas to US- border set at _______________- ___________________________:

US paid for New Mexico, Cal. Territories

iii. California Gold Rush (1849)f. Gadsden Purchase (1853)i. ___________________completed

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New TechnologyA. Industrial Revolution (1789)1. ______________________a. 1793 – spinning machine

(____________________)i. first _________________(RI)b. 1793 – _______________________,

cotton gin (Whitney)c. 1814 – factory system (Francis

Lowell)i. built factory town (MA)d. mechanical reaper (Cyrus

McCormick)e. _______________(John Deere)

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New Technology

B. Transportation1. 1807 – steamboat (Robert

Fulton)2. 1811- National Road (toll

road to west)3. 1825 – Erie Canala. link Atlantic w/Great

Lakes (Ohio River Valley)b. use Miss. River to get west4. 1828 – Baltimore/Ohio RR

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Age of Jackson

A. Election of 18241. JQ Adams v. Jackson a. no majority in electoral

votes – election goes to ____

b. Clay supported JQ Adams

c. JQ Adams named Clay at Sec. of State

=>Corrupt Bargain

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Age of Jackson

B. Election of 1828 1. before 1828, who

could vote?2. what changed?3. Jackson wona. spoils systemi. Jackson rewarded

supporters w/gov’t jobs (Democrats)

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Age of JacksonC. __________________ Policy1. ______________________Act

(1830)a. tribes forced further west to make room for more

_______________b. ___________________(1832)i. Cherokee Nation sued to keep landii. ___________________ – ruled in

favor of Cherokeeiii. _____________ ignored rulingc. ____________________(1838)i. forced march west

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Age of JacksonD. States Rights1. Tariff of 1828 (“________________________”)a. high tariff favored ________b. upset the ___________c. VP __________________ hated the tariffi. argued states had right to __________ act of Congress (law)that they believed was_______________________=>______________________ theoryd. South Carolina talked about __________________; tariff reduced

=> ___________________________

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Age of Jackson2. ________________(Second BUS)a. Jackson thought BUS favored _______________businessmen over ____________ farmers (giving loans)b. he ___________ bill to renew the BUSi. said money should be put in state

banks in states loyal to Democratic Party (“pet banks”)

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Age of Jackson

E. Consequences of Jackson’s policies

1. Was he a _______________or a ________________?

1. new political party formed – __________________

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Reform MovementsA. ______________ of Reform

Movement1. ______________a. Second Great Awakening (1800’s)i. anyone can gain

_______________(democratic)ii. people can improve ___________b. New Denominationsi. new Protestant churches - Baptists, Methodistsii. ____________________

- Joseph Smith, Brigham Young (Utah)

c. AME Churches

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Reform Movements

2. ____________________a. taught that a person can solve problems/find truth through_______________________b. rejected _____________

religionc. supported ___________

movementd. people naturally good;

dignity of every person

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Reform Movementse. led by ___________________________

(writer)i. pushed for a new “__________ culture” => _________________f. _________________________i. Walden - experiment in simple livingii. __________________________– ____________________ protest of

unjust laws iii. less gov’t better (like which early president? ___________________- “The government is best which governs

_________________.”

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Reform Movementsg. ____________________________i. period in art, literature w/emphasis

on emotion, natureii. ____________________________ - _____________________, natural

beauty of USiii. first “American” writers using

__________________ themes - Washington Irving (The Legend of

Sleepy Hollow) - James Fennimore Cooper (The Last

of the Mohicans) - Walt Whitman, _______________

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Reform MovementsB. _________________ of Reform1. _____________________Movementa. abstinence from _________________b. Women’s Christen Temperance Union

(1870’s)2. _____________________a. push for free public schoolsb. _____________________3. _____________________________a. improve conditions/treatmentb. _____________________4. ___________________ Communitiesa. “perfect” societiesb. _____________________c. New Harmony, INd. Shaker communities

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Reform Movements5. ________________________a. __________________ movementb. 1807 – all _____________ states __________________ slaveryc. 1808 – US slave trade stoppedd. 1822 – _____________________

movement; US colony started for ex-slaves – ______________

e. American Anti-Slavery Societyi. ____________________________ii. _________________________–

abolitionist newspaperiii. end slavery ___________iv. ________________________

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Reform Movementsf. other _______________________i. Sarah/Angelina Grimkeii. Sojourner Truthg. ____________________________i. ____________________________h. Reaction to Abolitioni. increased ________________ b/t _________________________ - slave rebellions - anti-slavery writings bannedii. _______________– most though abolition too _________________ - freed slaves would take____________________from white men iii. _______________– abolition a threat to

________________________

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Reform Movements

i. ___________________ - __________________(1852)- opened eyes in____________ to evils of______________- taken as a____________________in

the South

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Reform Movements6. _____________ Movement a. before reform – cult of

domesticityi. women in charge of ________________________b. _____________________(1848)i. meeting to discuss______________________ii. Declaration of Sentimentsiii. Lucretia Mott,________________________