NATIONALISMNATIONALISM::Nation-Builder & Empire-Nation-Builder & Empire-

Destroyer, Ch. 8, Sections 1 Destroyer, Ch. 8, Sections 1 & 3 & 3

What is nationalism & what

do nationalists want?

- Spanish Empire - Austrian Empire - Ottoman Empire

- Latin America - Italy - Germany

How did nationalism

help to CREATE modern

countries?

How did nationalism

help to

THREATEN/DESTRO

Y empires?

ethnicity versus

nationality

What is your ethnicity?What is your ethnicity?What is your What is your nationality?nationality?

ethnicityethnicity - characteristic of a - characteristic of a group of people who share a group of people who share a common heritage, region, history, common heritage, region, history, language, & customs (ethnic language, & customs (ethnic biology that you inherit from biology that you inherit from your ancestors) your ancestors)

nationalitynationality - condition of - condition of belonging to a country (ie. country belonging to a country (ie. country on your passport)on your passport)

In most countries, In most countries, mostmost of the of the people have the same nationality people have the same nationality & ethnicity & ethnicity France, India, France, India, Egypt, …Egypt, …

Countries that are populated Countries that are populated largely by immigrants (& their largely by immigrants (& their descendants) are an exception to descendants) are an exception to the rule the rule USA, USA, Canada, Australia, Israel …Canada, Australia, Israel …

What is the difference What is the difference between an empire & a between an empire & a

country?country? empireempire - area controlled by one ruler - area controlled by one ruler

regardless of ethnicity (often many regardless of ethnicity (often many different ethnic groups are within an different ethnic groups are within an empire) empire) gained through military gained through military victory or royal marriages victory or royal marriages

VERSUS (different from)VERSUS (different from)

country, nation, or nation-statecountry, nation, or nation-state

Page 254Page 254

In today’s world are In today’s world are there more empires or there more empires or

countries? Why?countries? Why?

NationalismNationalism belief that people’s greatest loyalty should belief that people’s greatest loyalty should

notnot be to a king or an empire, but to a nation be to a king or an empire, but to a nation of people who share a common culture & of people who share a common culture & history (especially if ruler does not share history (especially if ruler does not share same ethnicity as people)same ethnicity as people)

influenced by the unity of the French people influenced by the unity of the French people during the French Revolution during the French Revolution became a became a powerful idea/“force” in the 1800s powerful idea/“force” in the 1800s (& still is today … hence, so (& still is today … hence, so many countries!)many countries!)

devotion & pride to your country; patriotism devotion & pride to your country; patriotism to the extreme to the extreme (patriotism on steroids!)(patriotism on steroids!)

Who are nationalists?Who are nationalists? Nationalists are individuals who believe

that people of a single ancestry should unite & govern themselves! We (people with common ethnicity) want to rule ourselves!

Nationalists are often revolutionary leaders who help their countries gain independence from foreign rule or influence Simon Bolivar, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Fidel Castro

Rising nationalism was Rising nationalism was weakening multi-ethnic weakening multi-ethnic empires in late 1800sempires in late 1800s

Rising nationalism was Rising nationalism was weakening multi-ethnic weakening multi-ethnic empires in late 1800s empires in late 1800s Spanish EmpireSpanish Empire – made up of Spaniards, Mexicans, – made up of Spaniards, Mexicans,

Cubans, Filipinos, & many, many others in New World Cubans, Filipinos, & many, many others in New World Austrian EmpireAustrian Empire – made up of Austrians, Hungarians, – made up of Austrians, Hungarians,

Slovenes, Germans, Czechs, Slovaks, Croats, Serbs, Slovenes, Germans, Czechs, Slovaks, Croats, Serbs, Poles, & ItaliansPoles, & Italians

Russian EmpireRussian Empire – made up of Russians, Ukrainians, – made up of Russians, Ukrainians, Poles, Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, Finns, Jews, Poles, Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, Finns, Jews, Romanians, Georgians, Armenians, Turks, etc…Romanians, Georgians, Armenians, Turks, etc…

Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire – made up of Turks, Greeks, Slavs, – made up of Turks, Greeks, Slavs, Bulgarians, Armenians, & many Arab groups Bulgarians, Armenians, & many Arab groups

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- What if these groups no longer want to be ruled by a What if these groups no longer want to be ruled by a

foreign power??? Bye, bye empires!!!foreign power??? Bye, bye empires!!!

Latin AmericaLatin America Western hemisphere Western hemisphere

south of the USA south of the USA Called “Latin” Called “Latin”

because most people because most people speak Romance speak Romance languages (those languages (those based on Latin)based on Latin)

Hispanics/Latinos & Hispanics/Latinos & LatinasLatinas: people from : people from Latin America (or Latin America (or with ancestors from with ancestors from there)there)

Hispanics/Latinos & Latinas Hispanics/Latinos & Latinas are …are …

USA’s largest USA’s largest minority groupminority group

16% of 16% of US US population population (2010 Census)(2010 Census)

Hispanics/Latinos are Hispanics/Latinos are largest % of legal & illegal largest % of legal & illegal

immigration to US immigration to US