Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American...
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![Page 1: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Nationalism in Southeast AsiaSection (19.1)
![Page 2: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Philippines
• US colony since Philippine-American War• 4 July 1946 – US grants
independence and a stipend in exchange for:• Free trade• Military bases
• Are the bases continued imperialism? Is the money economic imperialism?• Filipinos look for non-US investment• US forced out in 1992
![Page 3: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Trouble in the Philippines
• Ferdinand Marcos elected president in 1956• Imposed martial law
and runs the country until 1986• Chief rival B. Aquino
loses his head• Stole millions from
the state
![Page 4: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
REVENGE!!
• Widow Corazon Aquino runs in 1986 election and wins• Marcos tries to block
her victory• People rebel• Aquino rewrites the
constitution• True democracy
and term limits for the president
![Page 5: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
But wait…there’s more
• Muslim separatist group, Abu Sayyaf, wants a separate Muslim state in the Southern Islands• Have blown up
ferries, beheaded foreign tourists, assassinated people…usual SOP
![Page 6: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Burma/Myanmar
• Britain grants freedom in 1948• Instant chaos between
democrats, military strongmen, communists, and minority groups
• Par for the course really…
![Page 7: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Military Dictatorship
• 1962 – General Ne Win creates a military run socialist state
• 1988 – Aung San Suu Kyi tries to start democratic movement• He has been under house arrest,
on and off, since 1988
![Page 8: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
But its Democracy!
• 1988 multi-party elections allowed• Kyi’s party wins 80%
of the vote• Military refutes the
results
• 2007 – Buddhist monks lead people in uprisings• Gov’t crushes it (not
in a good way)
![Page 9: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Indonesia
• Former Dutch colony announced its freedom two days after WWII• Dutch try to take it back
but can’t get support from the US or the UN so they leave
• WWII rebel Sukarno and his army lead the revolt
![Page 10: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Division in the Gov’t
• Sukarno tries to govern with parliamentary democracy• Indonesia has: • 13,600 islands• 300 ethnic groups • 250 languages
• Coup against Sukarno violently put down by Suharto (500,000 – 1,000,000 dead)• Police state created with
Suharto in control
![Page 11: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A Change in the Air
• Suharto leads state into economic collapse• He’s forced out in 1998
• Sukarno’s daughter, Megawati Sukarnoputri, elected in 2001• Slowly moving to recovery
and democracy
![Page 12: Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1). The Philippines US colony since Philippine- American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081515/56649e695503460f94b66079/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Its never that easy…
• Suharto had taken control in 1976
• Jose Ramos Horta – pushing for freedom – wins Nobel prize in 1996
• 1999 – Elections in East Timor• Indonesia invades• UN steps in, E. Timor freed
in 2002