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National Water Mission
Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation
(Geosmart India-2016, 1st to 3rd March, 2016)
Joginder Singh Advisor(Technical) NWM
Availability of Water and Future Demand
Availability (Average Annual in BCM)
Total precipitation – 4000
Run-off - 1869
Utilizable water - 1123
Surface water - 690
Ground water - 433
Demand 2050 (Assessed by NCIWRD (1999)
in BCM)
Irrigation – 807
Domestic - 111
Industry - 81
Other uses - 181
Total demand - 1180
Water availability – limited; – reduce demand through efficient use of water
Per capita water availability
Future Water Availability
5177
2209 1820
1545 1341
1140
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6000
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61
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41
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Per capita water availability in m3/year
Water stress 1700 m3/capita/year
Water scarcity 1000 m3/capita/year
National Missions-NAPCC
*National Coastal Mission Integrated Coastal Zone Management Ministry of Earth Sciences
*National Health Mission Addressing adverse effect of climate change on health
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
*New Missions proposed in Fourth Executive Meeting on Climate Change held on 02.05.2015.
National Water Mission The Government of India has established National Water Mission(NWM) under National Action Plan for Climate Change(NAPCC) Main Objective:
Conservation of water, minimizing wastage and ensuring its more
equitable distribution both across and within States through
integrated water resources development and management.
NWM five goals
I. Comprehensive water data base in public domain and assessment of the impact of climate change on water resource,
II. Promotion of citizen and state actions for water conservation, augmentation and preservation,
III. Focused attention to vulnerable areas including over-exploited areas,
IV. Increasing water use efficiency by 20%, and
V. Promotion of basin level integrated water resources management.
Goal-I : Comprehensive water data base in public domain and assessment
of impact of climate change on water resource;
Up gradation of existing CWC Hydrological Observation Stations- 103 Nos. – completed.
Setting up of new CWC Hydrological Observation Stations- 800Nos – 236 Nos. completed.
Establishing new Ground Water Monitoring Wells by CGWB- 31800 Nos. – 9659 completed.
Development of Coastal Management Information System (CMIS) in CWC- in process.
Setting up of National Water Resources Information (NWR-IC), to manage the large volume
of data on water resources and allied fields generated under India-WRIS project and also
updated periodically for proper decision-making in CWC-in process.
Extension of CWC completed pilot study of basin wise water situation in collaboration with
NRSC, for the basins Godavari and Brahmani-Baitarani to other Basins- 20 Basins.
Installation of Telemetry based Digital Water level Recorders (DWLR) by CGWB-2000 Nos.
Developing Inventory of Wetlands - MoEF and CWC.
Research and studies on all aspects related to impacts of climate change on water resources
including quality aspects of water resources of all research organizations working in the area
of climate change- 10 Nos.
Goal 2:Promotion of citizen and state action for water
conservation, augmentation and preservation
Promoting awareness for water conservation among
stakeholders.
MoU with NIRD & PR, CWRDM, CGWB, IIWM, NWA for
undertaking training capacity building of multi-stakeholders
and Panchayati Raj institutions in the area of water
conservation.
MoU with Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai for
undertaking NWM activities with the assistance of NGOs,
VOs, RWAs, etc.
Goal 2:
To rejuvenate the participatory irrigation management.
NWM in partnership with Indian-PIM has organized a National convention of WUAs at New Delhi on various issues of water management during 7-8, November 2014.
As the follow up of the National Convention of Water Users Associations (WUA) held at New Delhi in 2014, the first Regional Convention covering WUAs from States of J&K, HP, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana was organized at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 25-26 August 2015.
Second Regional Convention for Water Users Associations (WUAs) Presidents on Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) on 8th & 9th January, 2016 at Water & Land Management Institute (WALMI), Aurangabad for Western Region for the States of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh and Goa.
A year wise program for Goal II Capacity building and training.
Goal –III : Focused attention to vulnerable areas
including over-exploited areas
• The ADB undertaken pilot study to demonstrate
“Operational Research to Support Mainstreaming of
Integrated Flood management (IFM) under Climate
Change”. The phase- I of the study has been completed and
under the Phase- II, the Buri Gandak sub-basin in Bihar
and Brahamani basin in Odisha have been undertaken for
detailed study. The final report is under finalisation.
March 2014
• National Water Mission of National Action Plan on Climate Change
• 2012 Draft National Water Policy: structural and non-structural
measures for flood risk mitigation in India
• MoWR asked ADB to support operational research initiatives
• Phase 1: scoping study and provide ToR
• Selection of 2 sub-basins
Burhi-Gandak
(Bihar)
Brahmani-
Baitarani
(Odisha)
Project components
• Downscaling Climate Change model results and impact assessment on flood hazards in both basins;
• Development of a 2Dimensional hydrological/hydraulic model for both sub-basins;
• Set up of a GIS based Integrated Flood Management Information System;
• Legal, economic and institutional analysis of IFM practices; • Community needs assessment through Focus Group
Discussions and a household survey (approx. 500 HH); • Review of agricultural, geotechnical, flood control and
drainage practices; • Review of environmental aspects of flood mitigation
measures.
Model validation (Brahmani-Baitarani)
May 2014 Observed Simulated
Observed and simulated flood extent for June 2008
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1-Jun 1-Jul 31-Jul 31-Aug 30-Sep 31-Oct
m3 /
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m a
bove
dat
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Waterlevel at Talcher 1/6/2008 - 30/10/2008
Q Rengali
Observation
1D model
RR/1D
RR/1D/2D
Flood extent Observed Simulated Difference
Area (km2) 2419.4 2382.3 -1.5%
Baseline 2015 2 years RP
Odisha
Baseline 2015 25 years RP
Flood extent 1383.0 km2
Flood volume 2344.5 Mm3
Flood extent 3151.0 km2
Flood volume 9306.3 Mm3
Factor 2.28 Volume +6961.8 Mm3
Simulated flood extent for Baseline situation 2 years and 25 years return period
ADB Conclusions
• Safety level: By providing the 1:25 safety standard for rural areas around 90% of the average annual damage could be avoided
• Climate change: Climate change will significantly increase flood hazard. Population increase and economic development will on the short term give higher flood risks.
• Structural Flood control: – Complete flood control is not feasible community resilience!
– Storage dams and diversions can have a significant, but limited, contribution towards flood mitigation.
– Embankments are major flood control measure, but not without problems. Planning and construction supervision to avoid breaches, more research (both technical and social) and practical solutions needed.
– Risk approach and CBA for safety standards for embankments (return periods) is feasible.
•Non structural measures: – Early warning and community preparedness should be improved
– Land use zoning is not implemented
Recommendations
Flood Risk Analysis: Basin level flood risk analysis for effective basin management. High quality data on exposure/vulnerability required. Research on failure mode of embankment and effective reservoir operation rules are required Flood risk evaluation: Sector specific evaluation based on different return period emphasizing safety level and CBA. Selection of flood mitigation measures:
Urgent measure first: all kinds of repair and emergency measures Short term measures: implementing measures which can reduce flood impacts without large investments and quick benefit (early warning, comm. preparedness etc.) Medium to long term: upgrading embankments, new dams and diversion projects, watershed improvement, land use zoning, etc
Institutional arrangement: River basin approach for flood mitigation measures using flood modelling Setting of RBOs, redefining the roles and responsibilities of existing RBOs
Goal-IV : Increasing water use efficiency by 20%
• To know about the present status of water use efficiency, i.e., baseline study will be
carried out for every use of water. Irrigation sector accounts for about 80% of water
use. NWM has initiated baseline studies in the area of Irrigation with the
WALAMTARI, Hyderabad, WALMI, Aurangabad and NERIWALM, Tejpur for 5
irrigation projects in phase-I. In the phase-II, 20 Irrigation projects will be
undertaken.
• A scoping study for a National Water Use Efficiency Improvement Support
program for major /medium Irrigation schemes has been completed with
technical assistance from Asian Development Bank(ADB). Final report have
been sent to State Governments/UTs for initiation of a proposal for improving
water use efficiency of major-medium irrigation projects.
Goal-IV : Increasing water use efficiency by 20%
Baseline Studies
Sl. No.
Activities undertaken
Activities Planned
1. Baseline Studies for 5 Irrigation
projects have been initiated by
WALMI (Aurangabad),
WALAMTARI (Hyderabad) &
NERIWALM (Tezpur, Assam).
Phase-I Five projects (Pahumara-
Assam, Loktak – Manipur,
Arunavati- Maharastra, Rallapadu-
Andhra Pradesh and Peddavadu-
Telangana) have been awarded.
20 projects are planned in Phase-II.
4 projects are in A.P., 4 projects are in
Telangana, 9 projects are in Maharashtra and
3 projects are in Assam.
Andhra Pradesh: (Torrigadda, Thatipudi,
Guntur Channel and Vengalarayasagar
Irrigation Projects).
Telangana: (Vattivagu, Taliperu, Sathnalla and
Musi Irrigation Projects)
Maharashtra: (Bor, Chaskaman, Girna,
Karpara, Krishna Palkhed, Panzara ,Purna and
Surya Irrigation Projects).
Assam: (Kaliabor Lift, Rupahi and Sukla
Irrigation Projects).
• Proposal for setting up of National Bureau of Water Use Efficiency .
• A scoping study for a National Water Use Efficiency Improvement Support
program for major /medium Irrigation schemes has been completed with
technical assistance from Asian Development Bank(ADB). Final report
have been sent to State Governments/UTs for initiation of a proposal for
improving water use efficiency of major-medium irrigation projects.
• ADB has completed a study on innovations for more food less water for
preparation of investment proposals for increasing water use efficiency on
pilot basis for an irrigation project in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh.
• Demonstration projects: NWM is working with NIH, Delhi Jal Board, and
CPWD to set up demonstration projects for waste water use and recycling.
State Governments of Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana and Telangana
have also requested to initiate action for demonstration projects in irrigation
sector.
Gathering baseline information(FAO-MASSCOT)
Assessing system performance (RAP) through rapid system diagnosis •Systematically and quickly identify the key baseline indicators •Mobilize stakeholders to prioritize modernization improvements •Examine physical capacity and sensitivity of the irrigation structures to perform their functions of conveyance, control, measurement Assessing of and mapping the sensitivity of critical irrigation structures (offtakes and cross-regulators) •Record the perturbations (water level fluctuations) –examine cause, magnitudes, frequency and options •The networks and water balances of surface and ground water availability and use -gauge constraints •Mapping the cost of O&M –current costs of operational techniques, services, core elements and processes, and also costs of improvements Vision of service -orientated management and modernization of canal operation •Mapping the service to users •The management units performance •The demand for operation and allocations required • The options for canal operation improvements/units •Integration of service-orientated management (SOM) options •Vision for a modernization plan, M&E
ADB Study:
Option 1: Modernization of the canal system and improved water and
agricultural management
Option 2: Modernization of the canal systems, conjunctive management
and about 26% area under micro irrigation
•Surface water use efficiency is currently only about 35% and groundwater
efficiency is 60%.
•Option 1: Some improvement in surface water irrigation efficiency (50%) and
there will be no change in groundwater irrigation efficiency.
•Option 2:There will be significant improvements in irrigation efficiency, 70%
for surface water and 80% for groundwater using partial piped distribution and
micro irrigation.
ADB Study:
• For gathering baseline information available tools like GIS and
remote sensing may be extensively used.
• For getting information on present water use efficiency, Data
collection and analysis of Medium and Minor Irrigation (MMI)
projects may utilise map based (FAO-MASSCOT*) procedure
recommended in the ADB scoping study.
• Surface water and ground water modelling centres may be
established on major river basin wise in CWC/CGWB as
recommended by ADB study.
* FAO-MASSCOTE: Food and Agricultural Organization-Mapping System and Services for Canal Operation
Techniques
Goal 5: Promotion of basin level integrated water resources management
a. Review of National Water Policy(NWP); NWP-2012 finalised and released in
2013.
b. Review of State Water Policies; - under process
e. National Water Mission has initiated actions to prepare State Specific Action Plan
(SSAP) for water sector. It is proposed to prepare State-wise/Union Territory wise
SSAP for water sector covering irrigation, agriculture, domestic water supply,
industrial water supply and waste water utilization in respect of all the States/UTs.
The SSAP will present situation of water resources development and
management, water governance, Institutional arrangements, water related policies,
cross-boundary issues, agreements etc.
f. Phase-I: State Specific Action Plans (SSAP) for 12 States, Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Assam, Karnataka,
Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand and West Bengal.
g. NWM and European Commission jointly hosted India’s First Indo-European
Water Forum during 23-24 Nov., 2015 in New Delhi providing a platform for
policy makers and stakeholders to discuss the key issues surrounding WRM in
India as well as to benefit from best practices from the European experience.