The National Obesity Observatory Dr Harry Rutter Director, National Obesity Observatory.
National Obesity Observatory where are we and where are we ... · 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10...
Transcript of National Obesity Observatory where are we and where are we ... · 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10...
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noo National Obesity Observatory
Overweight and obesity: where are we and where are we heading?
Harry Rutter National Obesity Observatory
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noo National Obesity Observatory Prevalence of excess weight among adults aged 16+ years
Health Survey for England 1993-2010
Excess weight (overweight and obesity) has risen amongst adults over the last two decades.
Adult excess weight: BMI ≥ 25kg/m2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
93-95 94-96 95-97 96-98 97-99 98-00 99-01 00-02 01-03 02-04 03-05 04-06 05-07 06-08 07-09 08-10
Prev
alen
ce o
f exc
ess
wei
ght (
%)
Survey year (3-year average)
Males Females
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noo National Obesity Observatory Prevalence of excess weight among children aged 2-15 years
Health Survey for England 1995-2010
Overall, excess weight has levelled off amongst children, but at a very high level.
Child excess weight: BMI ≥ 85th centile of the UK90 growth reference
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
95-97 96-98 97-99 98-00 99-01 00-02 01-03 02-04 03-05 04-06 05-07 06-08 07-09 08-10
Prev
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ce o
f exc
ess
wei
ght (
%)
Survey year (3-year average)
Boys Girls All children
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noo National Obesity Observatory
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
4.0%
4.5%
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Prev
alen
ce o
f mor
bid
obes
ity
Year of measurement
Males Females
Trend in morbid obesity prevalence for adults (16+) by sex Health Survey for England 1993-2010
Morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40) has also been rising sharply over this time. These figures may well be an underestimate.
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noo National Obesity Observatory Implications for local areas
Example LA population 100,000 250,000 750,000 1,000,000
Numbers of people who are:
Overweight 37,000 92,000 275,000 367,000
Obese 26,000 65,000 196,000 261,000
Morbidly obese 3,000 7,000 20,000 27,000
The national figures have huge implications for local areas.
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noo National Obesity Observatory Trend in obesity prevalence for adult males by age group
Health Survey for England 1993-2010
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Obes
ity p
reva
lenc
e (%
)
Year of measurement
75+
65-74
55-64
45-54
35-44
25-34
16-24
Men over 35 years old
Levels of obesity in men differ by age group, as do the trends we are seeing for each group.
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noo National Obesity Observatory Trend in obesity prevalence for adult females by age group
Health Survey for England 1993-2010
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Obe
sity
prev
alen
ce (%
)
Year of measurement
75+
65-74
55-64
45-54
35-44
25-34
16-24
Women over 35 years old
This is true for women as well.
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noo National Obesity Observatory
8.8%
16.8%
25.0%
33.1%34.2%
30.2%
23.8%
13.9%
18.8%
25.2%
28.5%
30.6%
33.6%
26.3%
16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
Males Females
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m2
Prevalence of obesity among adults by age and sex Health Survey for England 2008-2010
Obesity rises steadily through to middle age and then stays broadly constant.
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noo National Obesity Observatory
10.7%
9.1%
19.0%
15.8%
10.4%
8.8%
20.0%
16.6%
10.3%
8.9%
20.0%
16.5%
10.5%
9.2%
20.4%
17.0%
10.1%
8.8%
20.6%
17.4%
Reception boys Reception girls Year 6 boys Year 6 girls
Year of measurement
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Prevalence of obesity among children by school year and sex National Child Measurement Programme 2006/07 – 2010/11
Child obesity: BMI ≥ 95th centile of the UK90 growth reference
Obesity rates nearly double over the course of primary school. We are seeing opposing trends, with a slight decrease in Reception Year but increases in Year 6 prevalence.
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noo National Obesity Observatory
12 18.5 25 30 40 50BMI (kg/m2) Males 1991-93 Females 1991-93 Males 2007-09 Females 2007-09
Underweight<18.5kg/m2
Males1991-93: 0.7%2007-09: 0.8%
Females1991-93: 1.3%2007-09: 1.3%
Healthy weight18.5 to <25kg/m2
Males1991-93: 37.8%2007-09: 28.0%
Females1991-93: 47.6%2007-09: 37.2%
Overweight25 to <30 kg/m2
Males1991-93: 46.7%2007-09: 44.5%
Females1991-93: 33.3%2007-09: 34.7%
Obese30 to <40kg/m2
Males1991-93: 14.6%2007-09: 25.4%
Females1991-93: 16.4%2007-09: 23.8%
Morbidly obese≥40kg/m2
Males1991-93: 0.3% Females2007-09: 1.4% 1991-93: 1.4%
2007-09: 3.0%
Change in the adult BMI distribution HSE 1991-93 to 2007-09 (population weighted)
Adults are aged 18+ years
There is a very complicated picture within overall obesity rates, which has changed over time. Broadly speaking, the entire population is getting heavier – there is not only an increase in the numbers of obese people.
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noo National Obesity Observatory Prevalence of obesity by deprivation decile
National Child Measurement Programme 2009/10
Child obesity: BMI ≥ 95th centile of the UK90 growth reference
23.6%22.9%
21.7%20.5%
18.9%17.9%
16.6%15.7%
14.6%
12.6%12.6%12.0%
11.4%10.7%
9.7%9.0%
8.3% 7.9% 7.5%6.8%
Mostdeprived
Leastdeprived
Reception Year 6
There is a very strong correlation between obesity rates and level of deprivation amongst children, with prevalence in the most deprived areas around double that of the least deprived areas.
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noo National Obesity Observatory
Adult obesity prevalence by ethnic group Health Survey for England 2004
Adult (aged 16+) obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m2
25%
17%
25%
15% 14%
6% 6%
23%
32%
38%
21%
28%
20%
17%
8%
23%
BlackCaribbean
BlackAfrican Irish Pakistani Indian Bangladeshi Chinese
Generalpopulation
Males
Females
Male Female
Prevalence of obesity also varies widely between ethnic groups and between sexes within ethnic groups.
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noo National Obesity Observatory The cost of overweight and obesity to the NHS
estimated to be £5.1bn per year
Hypertensivedisease41.2%
Osteoarthritis16.6%
Diabetes mellitus16.2%
Ischaemic heart disease15.6%
Ischaemicstroke6.5%
Corpus uteri(womb) cancer
1.6%
Colon/rectumcancer1.3%
Breast cancer1.1%
The total cost to the NHS can be broken down by disease category
Overweight and obesity are responsible for a range of diseases
Percentage of disease attributable to overweight and obesity
Diabetes mellitus 79%
Hypertensive disease 58%
Corpus uteri cancer 49%
Ischaemic heart disease 34%
Ischaemic stroke 34%
Osteoarthritis 21%
Colon/ rectum cancer 16%
Breast cancer 12%
Total cost to society estimated at up to £16bn
It is difficult to estimate the costs of obesity accurately. We can look at the costs of diseases caused by obesity to estimate that obesity costs the NHS £5.1bn/year. It is more difficult to put a figure on costs to other areas (e.g. local authorities or business) but the total cost to society is estimated at up to £16bn.
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noo National Obesity Observatory Where are we heading…?
• Increasing prevalence with age • Rise in morbid obesity • Population demographics – baby boomers • Increasing life expectancy • Increasing ‘obesity years’
Need to consider absolute numbers, not
just proportion of population