NASA - NSSDC - Master Catalog - Spacecraft Query · 2011. 7. 29. · NASA . NASA - NSSDC -...

Cronología de Lanzamientos Espaciales

Año 1995 Recopilación de datos Ing. Eladio Miranda Batlle. Los textos, imágenes y tablas fueron obtenidos de la National Space Science. Data Center. NASA

NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Query Results

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftSearch.do[26/05/2011 22:47:59]

Thursday, 26 May 2011

Spacecraft Query Results

There were 104 spacecraft returned.

Spacecraft Name NSSDC ID Launch Date

AMSC-1 1995-019A 1995-04-06

AsiaSat 2 1995-064A 1995-11-27

Astra 1E 1995-055A 1995-10-18

Astrid 1995-002B 1995-01-23

Astro 2 ASTRO-2 1995-03-01

Brazilsat B-2 1995-016A 1995-03-27

Cerise 1995-033B 1995-07-06

Cosmos 2306 1995-008A 1995-03-01

Cosmos 2307 1995-009C 1995-03-06

Cosmos 2308 1995-009A 1995-03-06

Cosmos 2309 1995-009B 1995-03-06

Cosmos 2310 1995-012A 1995-03-21

Cosmos 2311 1995-014A 1995-03-21

Cosmos 2312 1995-026A 1995-05-23

Cosmos 2313 1995-028A 1995-06-07

Cosmos 2314 1995-031A 1995-06-27

Cosmos 2315 1995-032A 1995-07-04

Cosmos 2316 1995-037A 1995-07-23

Cosmos 2317 1995-037B 1995-07-23

Cosmos 2318 1995-037C 1995-07-23

Cosmos 2319 1995-045A 1995-08-29

Cosmos 2320 1995-051A 1995-09-28

Cosmos 2321 1995-052A 1995-10-05

Cosmos 2322 1995-058A 1995-10-30

Cosmos 2323 1995-068A 1995-12-13

Cosmos 2324 1995-068B 1995-12-13

Cosmos 2325 1995-068C 1995-12-13

Cosmos 2326 1995-071A 1995-12-19

CRAF (Cancelled) CRAF 1995-07-31

DBS 3 1995-029A 1995-06-09

DMSP 5D-2/F13 1995-015A 1995-03-23

DSCS III-B7 1995-038A 1995-07-30

Echo Star 1 1995-073A 1995-12-27

ERS 2 1995-021A 1995-04-20

Foton 10 1995-006A 1995-02-15

Galaxy 3R 1995-069A 1995-12-14

NSSDC MasterCatalog Search

Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data

Lunar/Planetary Events

http://www.nasa.gov/

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/SpacecraftQuery.jsp

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/ExperimentQuery.jsp

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/DatasetQuery.jsp

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/PersonQuery.jsp

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/PublicationQuery.jsp

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/MapQuery.jsp

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/NewDataQuery.jsp

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/EventQuery.jsp



Galileo Probe 1989-084E 1995-07-12

Gals 2 1995-063A 1995-11-16

GFZ 1 1986-017J 1995-04-18

GMS 5 1995-011B 1995-03-17

GOES 9 1995-025A 1995-05-22

Helios 1A 1995-033A 1995-07-06

Hot Bird 1 1995-016B 1995-03-27

INSAT 2C 1995-067B 1995-12-05

INTELSAT 704 1995-001A 1995-01-09

INTELSAT 705 1995-013A 1995-03-20

INTELSAT 706 1995-023A 1995-05-16

Interball Tail Probe 1995-039A 1995-08-01

IRS-1C 1995-072A 1995-12-27

ISO 1995-062A 1995-11-16

JCSAT 3 1995-043A 1995-08-28

KH 12-2 1995-066A 1995-12-04

Koreasat 1 1995-041A 1995-08-04

Luch 1 1995-054A 1995-10-10

Magion 4 1995-039F 1995-08-02

Microlab 1 1995-017C 1995-04-02

MILSTAR 2 1995-060A 1995-11-05

Molniya 3-47 1995-042A 1995-08-08

N-STAR-A 1995-044A 1995-08-28

ODERACS 2A 1995-004C 1995-02-03

ODERACS 2B 1995-004D 1995-02-03

ODERACS 2C 1995-004E 1995-02-03

ODERACS 2D 1995-004F 1995-02-03

ODERACS 2E 1995-004G 1995-02-03

Ofeq 3 1995-018A 1995-04-04

Orbcomm FM-01 1995-017A 1995-04-02

Orbcomm FM-02 1995-017B 1995-04-02

PANAMSAT 4 1995-040A 1995-08-02

Progress M-26 1995-005A 1995-02-14

Progress M-27 1995-020A 1995-04-08

Progress M-28 1995-036A 1995-07-19

Progress M-29 1995-053A 1995-10-07

Progress M-30 1995-070A 1995-12-17

Radarsat 1 1995-059A 1995-11-03

Resurs-F20 1995-050A 1995-09-25

SFU 1995-011A 1995-03-17

Sich 1 1995-046A 1995-08-30

Skipper 1995-072B 1995-12-27

SOHO 1995-065A 1995-12-01

Soyuz-TM 21 1995-010A 1995-03-13

Soyuz-TM 22 1995-047A 1995-09-02

Spartan 201-3 1995-048B 1995-09-07

Spartan 204 1995-004B 1995-02-06

Spektr 1995-024A 1995-05-19

STS 63 1995-004A 1995-02-02



STS 67/Astro 2 1995-007A 1995-03-01

STS 69 1995-048A 1995-09-06

STS 70 1995-035A 1995-07-12

STS 71 1995-030A 1995-06-26

STS 73 1995-056A 1995-10-19

STS 74 1995-061A 1995-11-11

SURFSAT 1995-059B 1995-11-03

TDRS-G 1995-035B 1995-07-12

TELECOM 2C 1995-067A 1995-12-05

Telstar 402-R 1995-049A 1995-09-23

Tsikada 1995-002A 1995-01-23

UFO 4 1995-003A 1995-01-28

UFO 5 1995-027A 1995-05-30

UFO 6 1995-057A 1995-10-21

UPM/LBSAT 1995-033C 1995-07-06

USA 110 1995-022A 1995-05-13

USA 112 1995-034A 1995-07-09

WSF 2 1995-048C 1995-09-10

X-Ray Timing Explorer 1995-074A 1995-12-29

+ Privacy Policy and Important Notices NASA Official: Dr. Ed GrayzeckCurator: E. Bell, IIVersion 4.0.16, 26 April 2011

http://www.usa.gov/

http://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/HP_Privacy.html


mailto:[email protected]


NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-019A[26/05/2011 22:59:41]


Description

AMSC-1 was a communications satellite launched from CapeCanaveral aboard an Atlas 2A rocket for the America MobileSatellite Corporation. It was placed in a geostationary orbit at101.1 deg W. It had the capability to support 2000 radiochannels in L-band. The footprint covered the entirecontinental US and Canada, as well as Alaska, Hawaii, PuertoRico, the Virgin Islands, and 200 miles of US and Canadiancoastal waters. It was the first satellite to use Hughes'springback antennas, flexible 17-foot-by-22-foot ovals made ofgraphite.

AMSC-1

NSSDC ID: 1995-019A

Alternate Names

23553

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-04-07Launch Vehicle: Atlas2ALaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 2700.0 kg

Funding Agency

American Mobile SatelliteCorporation (UnitedStates)

Discipline

Communications

AdditionalInformation

Launch/Orbitalinformation for AMSC-1

Experiments on AMSC-1

Data collections fromAMSC-1

Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: CoordinatedRequest and User SupportOffice.


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data




http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1995-019A


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=AMSC-1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=AMSC-1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=AMSC-1

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: AMSC-1 (1995-019A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Asiasat 2 is a Hong Kong geostationary spacecraft launchedby a Long March 2E rocket from the Xichang launch center inSichun province, the People's Republic of China. After parkingat 100.5 deg E longitude, it will provide TV communications to53 countries between eastern Europe and Japan through its 24C-band and nine Ku-band transponders.

AsiaSat 2

NSSDC ID: 1995-064A

Alternate Names

23723

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-11-28Launch Vehicle: LongMarch 2ELaunch Site: Xichang,Peoples Republic of ChinaMass: 3485.0 kg

Funding Agency

Asia SatelliteTelecommunications Co.Ltd. (AsiaSat) (PeoplesRepublic of China)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for AsiaSat 2

Experiments on AsiaSat 2

Data collections fromAsiaSat 2



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=AsiaSat 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=AsiaSat 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=AsiaSat 2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: AsiaSat 2 (1995-064A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

ASTRA 1-E was a Luxembourg geostationary communicationsspacecraft that was launched by an Ariane rocket from theKourou Space Center in French Guiana. The three-tonspacecraft was capable of relaying 54 to 108 digital TVprograms to western Europe through its 18 Ku-bandtransponders.

Astra 1E

NSSDC ID: 1995-055A

Alternate Names

23686

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-10-18Launch Vehicle: ArianeLaunch Site: Kourou,French GuianaMass: 2700.0 kg

Funding Agency

Societe Europeenne desSatellites (Luxembourg)(Luxembourg)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Astra 1E

Experiments on Astra 1E

Data collections from Astra1E



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Astra 1E

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Astra 1E

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Astra 1E

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Astra 1E (1995-055A)











http://www.usa.gov/






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-002B[26/05/2011 23:00:44]


Description

Astrid is a microsatellite designed to investigate the near-Earthplasma environment with emphasis on neutral particlephenomena. By making novel measurements of unchargedparticles, it is possible to increase the knowledge of chargedparticles in the Earth's radiation belts and ring current. Theenergetic ions in the ring current charge-exchange with coldhydrogen atoms in the Earths' exosphere. The resultingenergetic neutral atoms (ENA) escape from the ring current.ENA can thus be used to remotely "image" the ring current inorder to study the morphology and dynamics of this region.Another important field of study is the outflow of neutrals fromthe auroral region. ASTRID is also the first technologicaldemonstration of the FREJA-C microsatellite platformdeveloped by the Swedish Space Corporation. The spacecraftis spin stabilized, with the spin axis pointing towards the sun.Its orbit is circular at 1,000 km, with inclination of 83 degrees.

The payload, designed by The Swedish Institute of SpacePhysics, Kiruna, consists of three experiments: a NeutralParticle Imager (PIPPI); an electron spectrometer (EMIL); anda miniature UV imaging system (MIO). Initially the spacecraftname Astrid was selected just as a good old-fashionedSwedish female name, but within a short time it was decided toname the instruments after characters in the books of the verypopular Swedish writer of children's books, Astrid Lindgren.

The spacecraft has 8 MB of on-board storage, and a datacompression card used for reduction and losslesscompression of data. Data are transmitted at 8 kbps to aground station operating at 400 MHz at the Swedish Instituteof Space Physics in Kiruna, which also provides an uplinkcapability. One pass per day is covered by the Esrange groundstation at 128 kbps using S-band. Esrange is also responsiblefor the platform operations. Science data rates are 111 Kbpsand 7.5 Kbps.

Design lifetime was one year, but as of March 1, 1995 thescientific instruments became inoperable. Further informationon the spacecraft and experiments, and sample data, can befound on the WWW pages at

http://mars.irf.se/Astrid-1/astrid-1.html.

Astrid

NSSDC ID: 1995-002B

Alternate Names

23464

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-01-23LaunchVehicle: CosmosLaunch Site: Plesetsk,RussiaMass: 24.7 kgNominal Power: 38.5 W

Funding Agencies

Unknown (Sweden)

Unknown (Finland)

Unknown (FederalRepublic of Germany)

Unknown (United States)

Unknown (Canada)

Discipline

Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Astrid

PDMP information forAstrid

Telecommunicationsinformation for Astrid

Experiments on Astrid

Data collections from Astrid

Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: Dr. H. KentHills.


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data



http://mars.irf.se/Astrid-1/astrid-1.html.

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1995-002B


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftPdmp.do?id=1995-002B


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftTelemetry.do?id=1995-002B


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Astrid

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Astrid

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Astrid (1995-002B)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Astrid (1995-002B)











Personnel

Name Role Original Affiliation E-mail

Mr. Stig-OveSilverlind

Mission OperationsManager

Swedish Space Corporation [email protected]

Ms. AnnaLaurin

Project Manager Swedish Space Corporation [email protected]

Mr. OlleNorberg

Project Scientist Swedish Institute for SpacePhysics

[email protected]


http://www.usa.gov/






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=ASTRO-2[26/05/2011 23:01:17]


Description

Following the scientific success of the Astro-1 mission, Astro-2was approved as a follow-up flight. The three ultraviolettelescopes, which flew on Astro-1, were reassembled forAstro-2. These telescopes were (1) the Ultraviolet ImagingTelescope (UIT) operating in the 1200-3100 Angstrom range,(2) the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT) operating from425 to 1850 Angstroms, and (3) the Wisconsin UltravioletPhotopolarimetry Experiment (WUPPE) operating from 1250 to3200 Angtroms. HUT was significantly upgraded for thissecond flight, with new optical coatings, which enhanced thetelescope's performance by more than a factor of two. Thethree telescopes were planned to make simultaneousobservations of objects such as stars, galaxies and quasars,since many science objectives and selected astronomicaltargets of the three instrument teams are interrelated. BBXRT,which was onboard ASTRO 1, was not flown on ASTRO 2.

The telescopes were mounted on a Spacelab pallet in thepayload bay of the shuttle (flight STS-67). The SpacelabInstrument Pointing System (IPS), pallets, and avionics wereutilized for attachment to the Shuttle and for control and datahandling. The IPS provides a stable platform, keeps thetelescopes aligned, and provides various pointing and trackingcapabilities to the telescopes. The Astro observatory requiresboth mission specialists and payload specialists to control itsoperations from the Shuttle aft flight deck. Instrumentmonitoring and quick-look data analysis are planned for real-time ground operations.

The Guest Observer Program was included for Astro-2. Thetelescopes observed over 250 astronomical objects beforereturning to earth after a 16-day flight.

Astro 2

NSSDC ID: ASTRO-2

Alternate Names

STS-67/Astro-2

23500

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-03-01LaunchVehicle: ShuttleLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United States

Funding Agency

NASA-Office of SpaceScience (United States)

Disciplines

Astronomy

Planetary Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Astro 2

PDMP information forAstro 2

Telecommunicationsinformation for Astro 2

Experiments on Astro 2

Data collections from Astro2



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


Astro 2


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=ASTRO-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=ASTRO-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftPdmp.do?id=ASTRO-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftPdmp.do?id=ASTRO-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftTelemetry.do?id=ASTRO-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftTelemetry.do?id=ASTRO-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Astro 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Astro 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Astro 2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Astro 2 (ASTRO-2)











http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/spacecraft/astro2.jpg


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=ASTRO-2[26/05/2011 23:01:17]

Personnel


Dr. TheodoreR. Gull

MissionScientist

NASA Goddard SpaceFlight Center

[email protected]

Dr. Leon B.Allen

ProjectManager

NASA Marshall SpaceFlight Center

Mr. WilliamHuddleston

ProgramManager

NASA Headquarters

Dr. Edward J.Weiler

ProgramScientist

NASA Headquarters [email protected]

Dr. Jack A.Jones

MissionManager


Dr. Charles A.Meegan

MissionScientist


[email protected]

Related Information/Data at NSSDC

STS 67 (Astro 2 mission)Astro 1

US Active Archive for Astro 2 Information/Data

The Astro Archive at MAST (STScI)

Other Sources of Astro 2 Information/Data

Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT) team pageUltraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT) team pageWisconsin Ultraviolet Photopolarimeter Experiment (WUPPE) team page


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=ASTRO-1

http://archive.stsci.edu/astro/

http://praxis.pha.jhu.edu/hut.html

http://trifle.gsfc.nasa.gov/UIT/

http://www.sal.wisc.edu/WUPPE/

http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Brasilsat-B2 was a Brazilian geostationary communicationsspacecraft that was launched by an Ariane rocket from theKourou Space Center in French Guiana. After parking at 65 Wlongitude, the 1,780 kg spacecraft provided telephone,television, and data transmission services to Brazil and itssouthern neighbors by means of 24 C-band and several X-band transponders.

Brazilsat B-2

NSSDC ID: 1995-016A

Alternate Names

Brasilsat B-2

23536

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Embratel (Brazil)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for BrazilsatB-2

Experiments on BrazilsatB-2

Data collections fromBrazilsat B-2



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Brazilsat B-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Brazilsat B-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Brazilsat B-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Brazilsat B-2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Brazilsat B-2 (1995-016A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cerise was a French microsatellite. It was to eavesdrop onweak HF communications and to carry out broadbandradiometric measurements.

After one year of operation in space, Cerise was observed toundergo a sudden change in attitude, tumbling rapidly end-over-end in its 700 km polar orbit. Initial investigationsconcluded that the icrosatellite had collided with a piece ofspace debris. This was the first such collision to be observed.

Subsequent observations and analysis by the UK Space TrackNetwork and NASA confirmed the collision in orbit betweenCerise and a piece of debris on 24 July 1996. The debrisappeared to have impacted the stabilization boom, whichextended 6 m from the main body of the spacecraft, at over 14km/s (31,000 miles/hour).

Despite the impact, Cerise and its payloads continued to worknormally under full ground control. Mission control engineersreprogrammed the microsatellite's advanced on-boardcomputer with new attitude control software which reorientedthe spacecraft, relying solely on the on-board electromagnets,allowing it to continue its mission.

Cerise

NSSDC ID: 1995-033B

Alternate Names

23606

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-07-07Launch Vehicle: Ariane4Launch Site: Kourou,French GuianaMass: 50.0 kg

Funding Agency

Ministry of Defense,France (France)

Discipline

Surveillance and OtherMilitary


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Cerise

Telecommunicationsinformation for Cerise

Experiments on Cerise

Data collections fromCerise



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data








http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Cerise

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Cerise

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Cerise

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Cerise (1995-033B)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

From 1969 KB Yuzhnoye built the Lira targets for exercise andtest of PVO air defence and space tracking systems. Thesecond generation consisted of Taifun-1 and Taifun-2satellites, which differed in the type of equipment installed.Taifun-1 would release up to 25 Romb sub-satellites, whileTaifun-2 did not. In 1972 KB-3 under B E Khimrov, with the co-operation of assisting organisations and the Ministry ofDefence, completed the draft project. The first Taifun-1 wascompleted in 1974, and flight trials were conducted in thesecond half of the 1970's using Kosmos-3M launch vehiclesfrom Plesetsk and Kapustin Yar. The heads of the State TrialsCommission were B N Karpov, N N Zhukov, and B G Zudin.Taifun-1 normally released 25 Romb subsatellites into an orbitof 300 to 500 km altitude, at inclinations of 50.7 degrees (fromKapustin Yar) and 65.9 74, or 82.9 degrees (from Plesetsk).Two unique missions in 1989-1990 were put into 180 km x1550 km orbits at 65.8 degrees. With this higher apogee thepayload was reduced to 10 Romb subsatellites. Vektorsatellites were spherical in shape, about 2 m in diameter, thesurface covered with solar cells and equipped with fourantennae.

Cosmos 2306

NSSDC ID: 1995-008A

Alternate Names

23501

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-03-02LaunchVehicle: CosmosLaunch Site: Plesetsk,U.S.S.RMass: 1000.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (U.S.S.R)

Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for Cosmos2306

Experiments on Cosmos2306

Data collections fromCosmos 2306



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Cosmos 2306


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Cosmos 2306


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Cosmos 2306 (1995-008A)











http://www.usa.gov/






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-009C[26/05/2011 23:02:46]


Description

Cosmos 2307 was a Russian Global Navigation SatelliteSystem (GLONASS) satellite launched from the Baikonurcosmodrome aboard a Proton rocket. Originally established inorder to locate the Soviet Union's civil aircraft and its merchantand fishing vessels, the signals were used by many AmericanGPS system receivers as a complement/backup to the GPSsystem itself. The operational system contained 21 satellites in3 orbital planes, with 3 on-orbit backups. Each satellite wasidentified by its slot number, which defined the orbital plane (1-8, 9-16, 17-24) and the location within the plane. The 3 orbitalplanes were separated 120 degrees, and the satellites withinthe same orbit plane by 45 degrees. The orbits were roughlycircular with an inclination of about 64.8 degrees, a semi-axisof 25,440 km, and a period of 11h 15m 44s.

The 3-axis stabilized spacecraft possessed a mass of about1,400 kg, a slight increase over the 1,250 original model. Thediameter and height of the satellite bus were approximately 2.4m and 3.7 m, respectively, with a solar array span of 7.2 m foran electrical power generation capability of 1.6 kW atbeginning of life. The aft payload structure housed 12 primaryantennas for L-band transmissions. Laser corner-cubereflectors were also carried to aid in precise orbit determinationand geodetic research.

Cosmos 2307

NSSDC ID: 1995-009C

Alternate Names

23513

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-03-07Launch Vehicle: ProtonLaunch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 1400.0 kgNominalPower: 1600.0 W

Funding Agency

Scientific ProductionAssociation(Russia)(Russia)

Discipline

Navigation & GlobalPositioning







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


+ Privacy Policy and Important Notices NASA Official: Dr. Ed Grayzeck


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1995-009C







mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Cosmos 2307 (1995-009C)
















Description



Cosmos 2308

NSSDC ID: 1995-009A

Alternate Names

23511

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data



























Description



Cosmos 2309

NSSDC ID: 1995-009B

Alternate Names

23512

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data











mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Cosmos 2309 (1995-009B)
















Description

Cosmos 2310 was part of a 6-satellite Russian militarynavigation system distributed in orbital planes spaced 30degrees apart, and launched from the Plesetsk cosmodromeaboard a Cosmos rocket. Navigation information was derivedfrom Doppler-shifted VHF transmissions (approximately 150and 400 MHz) of the satellite position and orbital data. Byacquiring fixes from several satellites, a user's location couldbe calculated with an accuracy of 100 m. The time needed toascertain a position was dependent upon the user's latitudeand the number of operational spacecraft in orbit. Normally,accurate location determination could be made within 1-2hours.

Cosmos 2310

NSSDC ID: 1995-012A

Alternate Names

23526

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (U.S.S.R)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cosmos 2311, a Russian high resolution photoreconnaissance spacecraft, was launched from the Plesetskcosmodrome. It returned film in two small SpK capsules duringthe mission and with the main capsule at completion of themission.

Cosmos 2311

NSSDC ID: 1995-014A

Alternate Names

23530

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-03-22LaunchVehicle: Soyuz-ULaunch Site: Plesetsk,U.S.S.RMass: 6600.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (U.S.S.R)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cosmos 2312 was a Russian missile early warning satellitelaunched from the Plesetsk cosmodrome aboard a Molniyarocket. It was part of the Oko constellation of satellites andcovered the planes 2/3 - 332 degree longitude of ascendingnode.

Cosmos 2312

NSSDC ID: 1995-026A

Alternate Names

23584

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-05-24LaunchVehicle: Molniya-MLaunch Site: Plesetsk,RussiaMass: 1900.0 kg

Funding Agency

Russian Space Agency(Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cosmos 2313 was a Russian naval reconnaisance satellitelaunched from the Baikonur cosmodrome aboard a Tsyklon 2rocket. This naval forces monitoring spacecraft was used todetermine the position of enemy naval forces through detectionand triangulation of their electromagnetic emissions (radio,radar, etc).

Cosmos 2313

NSSDC ID: 1995-028A

Alternate Names

23596

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-06-08LaunchVehicle: Tsiklon-2Launch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 3150.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cosmos 2314, a Russian high resolution photoreconnaissance spacecraft, was launched from the Plesetskcosmodrome. It returned film in two small SpK capsules duringthe mission and with the main capsule at completion of themission.

Cosmos 2314

NSSDC ID: 1995-031A

Alternate Names

23601

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-06-28LaunchVehicle: Soyuz-ULaunch Site: Plesetsk,RussiaMass: 6600.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cosmos 2315 was a Russian navigational spacecraft launchedfrom the Plesetsk Cosmodrome by a Cosmos-3M rocket. Itshardware and the new KURS systems that it carried willenable maritime traffic control and messages to individualvessels.

Cosmos 2315

NSSDC ID: 1995-032A

Alternate Names

23603

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-07-04LaunchVehicle: CosmosLaunch Site: Plesetsk,RussiaMass: 825.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description



Cosmos 2316

NSSDC ID: 1995-037A

Alternate Names

23620

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-07-24LaunchVehicle: Proton-KLaunch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 1400.0 kgNominalPower: 1600.0 W

Funding Agency


Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data
























Description



Cosmos 2317

NSSDC ID: 1995-037B

Alternate Names

23621

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data
























Description



Cosmos 2318

NSSDC ID: 1995-037C

Alternate Names

23622

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

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Maps

New/Updated Data
























Description

Cosmos 2319 was a Russian military second generation globalcommand and control system (GKKRS) satellite launched fromthe Baiknour cosmodrome aboard a Proton K rocket. Thesesatellites were integrated with the Luch geostationary systemand featured retransmission of high rate data retransmission inthe centimeter wavelength range. While Luch handledcommunications between spacecraft and ground stations,Potok handled communications between fixed points anddigital data from the Yantar-4KS1 electroptical reconnaissancesatellite. Potok was the first communications spacecraft built bythe Lavochkin design bureau and used the Splav-2transponder by NPO Elas.

Potok is said by one account to have utilized the KAUR-4spacecraft bus. This had an active 3-axis orientation system,with a single central body from which extended 40 squaremeters of solar panels. Its basic structure was that of theKAUR-3, but it was equipped with completely new systems: adigital computer, plasma station-keeping engines, hydrazinemonopropellant orientation engines, and actively-scannedantennae arrays with 0.5 degrees antenna and 0.1 degreespacecraft pointing accuracy. Cosmos 2319 was stationed at80 deg E.

Cosmos 2319

NSSDC ID: 1995-045A

Alternate Names

23653

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-08-30LaunchVehicle: Proton-KLaunch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 2300.0 kg

Funding Agency


Discipline

Communications







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cosmos 2320 was a Russian digital photo surveillance satellitelaunched from the Baikonur cosmodrome aboard a Soyuz 11rocket. It remained in orbit for 365 days.

Cosmos 2320

NSSDC ID: 1995-051A

Alternate Names

23674

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-09-29LaunchVehicle: Soyuz-ULaunch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 7000.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cosmos 2321 was a Russian military spacecraft launched by aCosmos-3M rocket from Plesetsk cosmodrome. Due to amalfunction of the second stage, the spacecraft failed toachieve orbit.

Cosmos 2321

NSSDC ID: 1995-052A

Alternate Names

23676

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-10-05LaunchVehicle: CosmosLaunch Site: Plesetsk,RussiaMass: 825.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Cosmos 2322 was a Russian ELINT (Electronic and SignalsIntelligence) satellite launched from the Baikonur cosmodromeaboard a Zenit 2 rocket.

Based on the first generation Tselina ELINT, TSNII-KS at thebeginning of the 1970's developed the specifications for animproved model with increased frequency range and on-boardmethod of determining the position of fixed transmitters. TheTselina-2 was authorised in March 1973 and handled by primecontractor TsNIRTI Minradioprom (M E Zaslovskiy) for theELINT equipment and KB Yuzhnoye (KB-3, B S Khimrov) forthe spacecraft bus. The launch vehicle was by OKB MEIMinvuza (A F Bogomolov) and the encrypted communicationssystem by 0-TsNII KS MO. The draft project was drawn up inthe first quarter of 1974 and the MO approved the TTZ in May1974. After a long review process the VPK issued the projectplan for development of the system in December 1976. Itwould now use the new Zenit launch vehicle. The first flighttrials system was completed in December 1980, but delays inthe development of the Zenit launch vehicle meant that the firsttwo trials flights had to be aboard Proton boosters in 1984 and1985. Zenit-boosted flights began in 1985 and the system wasaccepted into service in 1987.

Cosmos 2322

NSSDC ID: 1995-058A

Alternate Names

23704

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-10-31Launch Vehicle: Zenit 2Launch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 6000.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Uncategorized Cosmos







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description



Cosmos 2323

NSSDC ID: 1995-068A

Alternate Names

23734

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data
























Description



Cosmos 2324

NSSDC ID: 1995-068B

Alternate Names

23735

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data
























Description



Cosmos 2325

NSSDC ID: 1995-068C

Alternate Names

23736

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data
























Description

Cosmos 2326 was a Russian naval reconnaisance satellitelaunched from the Baikonur cosmodrome aboard a Tsyklon 2rocket. This naval forces monitoring spacecraft was used todetermine the position of enemy naval forces through detectionand triangulation of their electromagnetic emissions (radio,radar, etc).

Cosmos 2326

NSSDC ID: 1995-071A

Alternate Names

23748

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-19LaunchVehicle: Tsiklon-2Launch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 3150.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=CRAF[26/05/2011 23:18:45]


Description

CRAF was scheduled to conduct a close flyby of a mainbeltasteroid, fly in formation with a short-period comet to study itduring both active and quiescent phases, and deploy apenetrator/lander into the nucleus of the comet to determinesubsurface properties and composition. The principalobjectives are to (1) determine the composition and characterof a cometary nucleus, and characterize changes that occur asfunctions of time and orbital position, (2) characterize thecometary atmosphere and ionosphere and characterize thedevelopment of a coma as a function of time and orbitalposition, (3) determine comet tail formation processes andcharacterize the interaction of comets with the solar wind andradiation, (4) characterize the physical and geological structureof an asteroid, and (5) determine the major mineralogicalphases and their distribution on the surface of an asteroid. TheCRAF mission uses the first of a new series of RTG-poweredthree-axis stabilized planetary spacecraft, the Mariner Mark II,designed for missions beyond the orbit of Mars. Two and a halfyears after launch (and a gravity assist from the Earth), thespacecraft is expected to fly past the asteroid Hamburga inJune 1998. In August 2000 it is expected to rendezvous withComet Kopff and fly in formation with it for at least three years,during which the comet is expected to pass through perihelionand achieve its highest levels of activity. For further details seeNeugebauer, M., ESA SP-278, 1987.

CRAF (Cancelled)

NSSDC ID: CRAF

Alternate Names

Comet Rendezvous andAsteroid Flyby (CRAF)

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-07-31Launch Vehicle: nullLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 1600.0 kg

Funding Agencies

NASA-Office of SpaceScience Applications(United States)

DeutscheForschunganstalt fuerLuft- und Raumfahrt(DLR, nee DFVLR)(Federal Republic ofGermany)

Discipline

Planetary Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for CRAF(Cancelled)

Experiments on CRAF(Cancelled)

Data collections fromCRAF (Cancelled)

Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: CoordinatedRequest and User Support


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=CRAF



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=CRAF (Cancelled)

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=CRAF (Cancelled)

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=CRAF (Cancelled)

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=CRAF (Cancelled)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: CRAF (Cancelled) (CRAF)











http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=CRAF[26/05/2011 23:18:45]

Office.

Personnel


Dr. Marcia M.Neugebauer

ProjectScientist

NASA Jet PropulsionLaboratory

[email protected]

Mr. Henry C.Brinton

ProgramScientist

NASA Headquarters

Mr. Ronald F.Draper

ProjectManager

NASA Jet PropulsionLaboratory

[email protected]

Dr. Dudley G.McConnell

ProgramManager

NASA Headquarters



http://www.usa.gov/








Description

DBS 3, and American geostationary communicationsspacecraft owned by DirecTV Inc, was launched by an Ariane42-P rocket from the Kourou Space Center in French Guiana.After reaching a parking longitude of 100.8 deg W, it willprovide 30 TV channels.

DBS 3

NSSDC ID: 1995-029A

Alternate Names

23598

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-06-09Launch Vehicle: Ariane42PLaunch Site: Kourou,French GuianaMass: 2934.0 kg

Funding Agency


Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for DBS 3

Experiments on DBS 3

Data collections from DBS3



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=DBS 3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=DBS 3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=DBS 3

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: DBS 3 (1995-029A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

DMSP 5D-2/F13, also known as USA 109, is one of a series ofmeteorological satellites developed and operated by the AirForce under the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program(DMSP). This program, previously known as DAPP (DataAcquisition and Processing Program), was classified untilMarch 1973. The objective of this program is to provide globalvisual and infrared cloudcover data and specializedenvironmental data to support Department of Defenseoperational weather analysis and forecasting requirements.Operationally, the program consists of two satellites in sun-synchronous polar orbits, with the ascending node of onesatellite in early morning and the other at local noon.

The 6.4-m-long spacecraft is separated into four sections: (1) aprecision mounting platform for sensors and equipmentrequiring precise alignment; (2) an equipment support modulecontaining the electronics, reaction wheels, and somemeteorological sensors; (3) a reaction control equipmentsupport structure containing the third-stage rocket motor andsupporting the ascent phase reaction control equipment; and(4) a 9.29-sq-m solar cell panel. The spacecraft stabilization iscontrolled by a combination flywheel and magnetic control coilsystem so that sensors are maintained in the desired earth-looking mode. One feature is the precision-pointing accuracyof the primary imager to 0.01 deg provided by a star sensorand an updated ephemeris navigation system. This allowsautomatic geographical mapping of the digital imagery to thenearest picture element.

The operational linescan system is the primary data acquisitionsystem and provides real-time or stored, multi-orbit, day-and-night, visual and infrared imagery of clouds. A supplementarysensor package contains: (1) a microwave imager; (2) amicrowave temperature sounder; (3) a microwave water vaporprofiler; (4) an ion and electron scintillation monitor; (5) aprecipitating electron/ion spectrometer; (6) a gamma/X-raydetector; (7) a magnetometer; and (8) a static earth-viewingsensor monitoring electromagnetic radiation.

Additional information concerning the satellite can be found inthe report by D. A. Nichols, "The Defense MeteorologicalSatellite Program," Optical Engineering, v. 14, n. 4, p. 273,July-August 1975.

DMSP 5D-2/F13

NSSDC ID: 1995-015A

Alternate Names

USA 109

DMSP-F13

23533

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-03-24Launch Vehicle: AtlasELaunchSite: Vandenberg AFB,United StatesMass: 750.0 kg

Funding Agency

Department of Defense-Department of the AirForce (United States)

Disciplines

Earth Science


Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for DMSP 5D-2/F13

Telecommunicationsinformation for DMSP 5D-2/F13

Experiments on DMSP 5D-2/F13

Data collections fromDMSP 5D-2/F13


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftTelemetry.do?id=1995-015A



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=DMSP 5D-2/F13

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=DMSP 5D-2/F13

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=DMSP 5D-2/F13

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=DMSP 5D-2/F13











Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: Dr. Dieter K.Bilitza.

Other Sources of DMSP Data/Information

SSIES ion data (U. Texas - Dallas)DMSP data (National Geophysical Data Center)SSMI sea ice data (National Snow and Ice Data Center)DMSP F13 summary (NASA MSFC)


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: DMSP 5D-2/F13 (1995-015A)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: DMSP 5D-2/F13 (1995-015A)

http://cindispace.utdallas.edu/DMSP/

http://dmsp.ngdc.noaa.gov/dmsp.html

http://nsidc.org/

http://microwave.msfc.nasa.gov:5721/source_documents/dmsp_f13.html

http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS III-B7) waspart of a US military satellite constellation placed ingeosynchronous orbit to provide high-volume, secure voiceand data communications. Phase II was a successor to theIDSCS (Initial Defense Satellite Communications System)program which began in 1966 with the launch of the first 8satellites of this constellation. The DSCS III system was usedfor high priority communications such as the exchange ofwartime information between defense officials and battlefieldcommanders. The military also used DSCS to transmit spaceoperations and early warning data to various systems andusers.

Each satellite orbits the earth at an altitude of more than23,000 miles. They carried a single channel transponder usedfor disseminating emergency action and force directionmessages to nuclear capable forces. Each satellite utilized sixsuper high frequency transponder channels capable ofproviding worldwide secure voice and high rate datacommunications.

DSCS III-B7

NSSDC ID: 1995-038A

Alternate Names

USA 113

23628

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-07-31Launch Vehicle: Atlas 2Launch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 2610.0 kg

Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for DSCS III-B7

Experiments on DSCS III-B7

Data collections fromDSCS III-B7



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=DSCS III-B7

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=DSCS III-B7

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=DSCS III-B7

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=DSCS III-B7

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: DSCS III-B7 (1995-038A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Echo Star 1 was an American geostationary communicationsspacecraft launched by a Long March 2E rocket from theXichang Center in Sichuan province of the People's Republicof China. The spacecraft carried 16 Ku-band transponders toenable direct broadcast communications and televisionchanels through 0.5 meter dishes on the ground in theAmerican continents.

Echo Star 1

NSSDC ID: 1995-073A

Alternate Names

23754

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-28Launch Vehicle: LongMarch 2ELaunch Site: Xichang,Peoples Republic of ChinaMass: 1500.0 kgNominalPower: 5000.0 W

Funding Agency

EchostarCommunicationsCorporation (UnitedStates)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Echo Star1

Experiments on Echo Star1

Data collections from EchoStar 1



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Echo Star 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Echo Star 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Echo Star 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Echo Star 1

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Echo Star 1 (1995-073A)
















Description

ERS 2 was an ESA earth resources spacecraft launched by anAriane rocket from the Kourou Space Center in French Guiana.The 2,516 kg spacecraft carried a synthetic aperture radar fortopographic studies, a wide beam radar (both in the C-band), aradar altimeter for measuring ocean surface and waves, aradiometer for measuring ocean surface temperatures, and anoptical Global Ozone Monitor (GOME) that will monitor ozoneand ozone-destroying gases and carried reflectors for lasertracking. It has a 6.5 gigabit tape recorder to record data froma full orbit.

ERS 2

NSSDC ID: 1995-021A

Alternate Names

23560

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

European Space Agency(International)

Discipline

Earth Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for ERS 2

Experiments on ERS 2

Data collections from ERS2


Personnel



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


+ Privacy Policy and Important Notices NASA Official: Dr. Ed GrayzeckCurator: E. Bell, II




http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ERS 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ERS 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ERS 2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: ERS 2 (1995-021A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Description

Beginning in 1985 the USSR/CIS conducted annual unmannedspace missions dedicated to materials science research. ThePhoton (Foton) spacecraft used for these flights was aderivative of the 1960's era Vostok/Voskhod mannedspacecraft and the Zenit military reconnaissance satellites andwere very similar to the operational Bion and Resurs-Fsatellites. Prototype Photon satellites were launched during1985-1987 as Cosmos 1645, Cosmos 1744, and Cosmos1841. Since 1988, the spacecraft have been officiallydesignated as Photon.

The 6,200-kg spacecraft was 6.2 m in length with a maximumdiameter of 2.5 m and was divided into three major sections:the service/retro module, the payload capsule, and anequipment block. The 2.3 m diameter recoverable capsulehandled a payload of up to 700 kg and a volume of 4.7 mcubed. Electrical power was supplied entirely by storagebatteries with 400 W average per day allocated to the payload(up to 700 W for 90 minutes each day). Mission durations forthe 8 Photon flights to the end of 1992 were 13-16 days.

To minimize perturbation forces, thereby maximizingmicrogravity conditions, Photon spacecraft were placed in amildly eccentric orbit at 62.8 degrees inclination and were notmaneuvered during the mission. Prior to 1991 the annualPhoton missions had always been launched in April or May.Launches were performed by the Soyuz booster from thePlesetsk cosmodrome, and recoveries made in Kazakhstan inthe primary manned recovery region northeast of the Baikonurcosmodrome.

The 15-day Photon 10 mission carried "Kashtan", "Zona","Splav", "Biobox", and "Ibis" instruments for zero-gravitymaterial and biotechnical experiments.

Foton 10

NSSDC ID: 1995-006A

Alternate Names

Photon 10

23497

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-02-16LaunchVehicle: Soyuz-5Launch Site: Plesetsk,RussiaMass: 6300.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Microgravity


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Foton 10

Experiments on Foton 10

Data collections from Foton10



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Foton 10

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Foton 10

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Foton 10

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Foton 10 (1995-006A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Galaxy 3R, operated by PanAmSat corporation, was used toprovide video and telecommunications services throughout theUnited States. The satellite's Ku-band capacity could also beswitched to provide coverage of Latin America. The satellitewas a version of the three-axis, body-stabilized HS 601 modelbuilt by Hughes Space and Communications Company (HSC).

Galaxy 3R replaced the smaller, C-band-only Galaxy 3spacecraft, an HS 376 model also built by HSC. It carried 24C-band transponders for coverage of the 50 United States,primarily for distribution of video programming. The 24 Ku-band transponders were used for telecommunications servicesand for direct-to-home television services. The coverage areaof the Ku-band payload was switchable, so initially thosetransponders were used by Galaxy Latin America to deliverDIRECTV programming to Latin America and the Caribbean.With the deployment of Galaxy 8i in early 1998, Galaxy 3R'sKu-band coverage area was switched to the US.

Galaxy 3R was one of 5 HS 601 and HS 601HP (for high-power) model satellites ordered for the Galaxy fleet, primarilyto replace spacecraft reaching the end of their service lives.PanAmSat merged with Hughes Communications Galaxy in1997, making the combined PAS/Gaxaly fleet the largestowned and operated by a commercial company.

Galaxy 3R

NSSDC ID: 1995-069A

Alternate Names

23741

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-14Launch Vehicle: Atlas2ALaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 2980.0 kg

Funding Agency

Pan American Satellite(United States)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Galaxy 3R

Experiments on Galaxy 3R

Data collections fromGalaxy 3R



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Galaxy 3R

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Galaxy 3R

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Galaxy 3R

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Galaxy 3R (1995-069A)











http://www.usa.gov/






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1989-084E[26/05/2011 23:29:51]


Description

The Galileo mission consisted of two spacecraft: an orbiter anda probe. The probe was the first to enter the atmosphere ofone of the outer planets.

Released from the orbiter on 13 July 1995 with an arrival of 07December 1995, the probe had as its scientific objectives to:(1) determine the chemical composition of the Jovianatmosphere; (2) characterize the structure of the atmosphereto a depth of at least 10 bars; (3) investigate the nature ofcloud particles and the location and structure of cloud layers;(4) examine the Jovian radiative heat balance; (5) study thenature of Jovian lightning activity; and, (6) measure the flux ofenergetic charged particles down to the top of the atmosphere.The probe was 1.25 m in diameter and 0.86 m in height. It wascomprised of two major segments: a deceleration module anda descent module.

The deceleration module consisted of the fore and aft heatshields and their accompanying support structure and thethermal control hardware for the phases of the mission throughentry into the atmosphere. The ablative forebody heat shieldwas made from a carbon phenolic material. The afterbody heatshield was composed of a phenolic nylon material. Thedescent module, which contained the science instruments andthe subsystems required to support them, was the packagewhich descended through the atmosphere by parachute.

During entry into the Jovian atmosphere, as the probe wassubjected to temperatures near 14000 K, the forward shieldwas expected to lose around 60% of its 145 Kg mass. Adrogue parachute was deployed, using a mortar, when theprobe was at a velocity of about Mach 0.9 and a dynamicpressure of 6000 N/sq-m. Once the drogue chute wasreleased, explosive bolts were fired to release the aft coverwhich in turn pulled out and stripped off the bag containing themain parachute. This entire process was designed to take lessthan 2 s.

The Galileo descent module differed from the Pioneer VenusLarge Probe design, which included a sealed pressure vessel,in that the mass was minimized by venting the module and byprotecting individual units as necessary with hermeticallysealed housings. These housings were designed to survive topressures of 20 bars and were tested to 16 bars.

Power to the probe was supplied by a LiSO2 battery with acapacity of about 21 A-hour. Mission requirements were forabout 16.3 A-hour. The primary source of energy forpyrotechnic events was a set of four thermal batteries.

Galileo Probe

NSSDC ID: 1989-084E

Alternate Names

Jupiter Orbiter Probe

Galileo

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-07-13LaunchVehicle: Shuttle-InertialUpper StageLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 335.0 kgNominalPower: 580.0 W

Funding Agencies


DeutscheForschunganstalt fuerLuft- und Raumfahrt(DLR, nee DFVLR)(Federal Republic ofGermany)

Discipline

Planetary Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for GalileoProbe

PDMP information forGalileo Probe

Telecommunicationsinformation for GalileoProbe

Experiments on GalileoProbe


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


Galileo Probe


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1989-084E



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftPdmp.do?id=1989-084E

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftPdmp.do?id=1989-084E

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftTelemetry.do?id=1989-084E



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Galileo Probe

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Galileo Probe











The duration of the probe's descent through the Jovianatmosphere was expected to last between 48-75 minutes, withthe lower limit determined by the minimum required batterycapacity and the upper limit by atmospheric pressure.

The probe entered the Jovian atmosphere as planned on 07December 1995. The radio signal from the probe was receivedby the orbiter for 57.6 minutes.

Data collections fromGalileo Probe

Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: Dr. Edwin V.Bell, II.

Personnel


Dr. Richard E.Young

ProjectScientist

NASA Ames ResearchCenter

[email protected]

Mr. BennyChin

ProjectManager

NASA Ames ResearchCenter

[email protected]

Mr. Henry C.Brinton

ProgramScientist

NASA Headquarters

Mr. Donald T.Ketterer

ProgramManager


Selected References

Johnson, T. V., et al., Space science reviews volume of Galileo mission overview, Space Sci.Rev., 60, No. 1-4, 3-21, May 1992.

Young, R. E., et al., Galileo Probe: In situ observations of Jupiter's atmosphere, Science, 272,No. 5263, 837-838, May 1996.

Orton, G., et al., Earth-based observations of the Galileo Probe Entry site, Science, 272, No.5263, 839-840, May 1996.

Other Galileo Information/Data at NSSDC

NSSDC Master Catalog InformationGalileo OrbiterGalileo Orbiter experimentsGalileo Orbiter data

STS 34 (Galileo deployment mission)

Event InformationGalileo probe timeline of eventsGalileo orbiter event information

Images (on-line and on CD-ROM)Index of images taken by Galileo in the NSSDC Photo GalleryGalileo Images of CallistoGalileo Images of GanymedeGalileo Images of EuropaGalileo Images of Io

Order the Galileo imaging CD-ROM set

JPL Press ReleasesSurprising early science results from the Galileo probeMore science results from the Galileo probeScience results from the first Io flyby!Science results from the first Ganymede flyby!Possible discovery of liquid water on EuropaPossible discovery of ionosphere on IoMore about water on EuropaWet and dry spots on Jupiter

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Galileo Probe

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Galileo Probe

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Galileo Probe (1989-084E)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Galileo Probe (1989-084E)

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1989-084B

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=galileoorbiter

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=galileoorbiter

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1989-084A

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/galileo_probe_time.html

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/galileo_today.html

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-galileo.html

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-callisto.html

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-ganymede.html

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-europa.html

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-io.html

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cd-rom/web_store.cgi?category=galileo

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_probe_conf.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_probe_new_results.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_io_core.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_gn1_discovery.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_eur_water.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_io_ionosphere.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_eur_water_2.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_wet_dry.txt



Discovery of ionosphere on Europa

Galileo's tape recorder problem (NASA press release, 10/12/95)Galileo's fixed tape recorder (NASA press release, 10/21/95)More about Galileo's tape recorder (NASA press release, 10/26/95)


Jupiter page

Other Sources of Galileo Orbiter Information/Data

ProjectGalileo Project Home Page (NASA JPL)

EducationOnline from Jupiter (K-12 student/teacher information/activities)


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_eur_atmosphere.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_tape.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_tape_2.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/gal_tape_3.txt

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planets/jupiterpage.html

http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/

http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/jupiter.html

http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Gals 2 was a Russian geostationary communications satellitelaunched from the Baikonur cosmdrome aboard a Protonrocket. Along with Gals 1, it was a next generation of directbroadcasting satellites intended for the development of theRussian television and international cooperation. It wasstationed at 70 deg E.

Gals 2

NSSDC ID: 1995-063A

Alternate Names

23717

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Gals 2

Experiments on Gals 2

Data collections from Gals2



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Gals 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Gals 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Gals 2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Gals 2 (1995-063A)











http://www.usa.gov/






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1986-017J[26/05/2011 23:30:42]


Description

GFZ 1 was a German microsatellite that was transportedaboard the Progress-M27 spacecraft to the Russian Mir spacestation and subsequently released.released. It was designedas a passive satellite, equipped with 60 retro-reflectors to beilluminated from the ground by a global network of satellitelaser ranging (SLR) systems for gravitational studies.

During four years and 64 days in space, 5,402 passes of GFZ-1 were observed by 33 stations of the global SLR network.

GFZ 1

NSSDC ID: 1986-017J

Alternate Names

23558

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-04-19Launch Vehicle: ProtonBooster Plus Upper StageLaunch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 20.63 kg

Funding Agency

GeoForschungsZentrumPotsdam (GermanDemocratic Republic)

Discipline

Earth Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for GFZ 1

Experiments on GFZ 1

Data collections from GFZ1



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data




http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1986-017J

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1986-017J

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=GFZ 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=GFZ 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=GFZ 1

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: GFZ 1 (1986-017J)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

GMS 5 was a Japanese geostationary meteorologicalspacecraft. It replaced GMS 4 (1989-070A) and was initiallyparked at 140 E longitude. It carried visible and infrared spin-scan radiometers that provided global pictures every 25minutes at a resolution of 1.25 km (visible) and 5.0 km(infrared). It also had an infrared channel to monitor watervapor content in the atmosphere. Other instruments on boardwere for search-and-rescue relays and for relaying weatherdata from ground/sea-based monitoring platforms. Thespacecraft had a stabilized earth pointing platform and a 100rpm spinning section. The spacecraft had a diameter of 215 cmand a height of 354 cm.

GMS 5

NSSDC ID: 1995-011B

Alternate Names

GeostationaryMeteorological Satellite 5

Himawari 5

23522

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-03-18Launch Vehicle: H-2LaunchSite: Tanegashima, JapanMass: 345.0 kgNominalPower: 291.0 W

Funding Agency

National SpaceDevelopment Agency(NASDA) (Japan)

Disciplines

Earth Science

Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for GMS 5

Telecommunicationsinformation for GMS 5

Experiments on GMS 5

Data collections from GMS5



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=GMS 5

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=GMS 5

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=GMS 5

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: GMS 5 (1995-011B)












Office.



http://www.usa.gov/








Description

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-J) is the second satellite in a series of next generationgeosynchronous spacecraft, referred to as GOES-NEXT andrepresented by the GOES I through GOES M spacecraft. TheGOES-NEXT series is a joint effort on the part of NASA andNOAA to provide continued operational monitoring of weathersystems primarily over the United States, distributemeteorological data to regional and national weather officeswithin the USA, contribute to the development of anenvironmental data collection network, contribute to the searchand rescue program, improve the capability for forcasting andprovide real-time warnings of solar distrubances, and toextend knowledge and understanding of atmosphericprocesses to improve short and long-term weather forecasts.The GOES-NEXT series, extends the capabilities of theprevious GOES 1-7 spacecraft. The GOES I-M spacecraft willbe placed over the equator at 135 deg West or 75 deg West.The spacecraft structure is based on the Space TransportationSystem (STS)-launched, three-axis stabilized Insat(geostationary satellite for India) meteorological satellitedesign. The design allows unobstructed views of the Earth foroperational coverage by the spacecraft sensors. Thespacecraft configuration is a compact box-shaped main bodythat carries the Earth-observing instruments, a continuous-drive solar array attached to the south panel through a yokeassembly, and a solar pointing instrument gimbal mounted onthe solar panel yoke. The main body accomodates thesensors, electronics, and support subsystems. Thecommunication antennas, except the Tracking, Telemetry, andCommand (TT&C) antenna, are hard-mounted to the Earth-facing panel. The Propulsion Module consists of the fuel andoxidizer tanks for the bipropellant propulsion subsystemmounted on the central cylinder. The Attitude and Orbit ControlSubstem (AOCS) provides attitude control of the spacecraft.The AOCS consists of the sensors, electronics, and theactuators. The GOES power is generated from the solar arrayand two 12 A-hr batteries. Power is automatically regulatedduring solar eclipses. The Image Navigation/Registration (INR)system provides Imager and Sounder data products in real-time to users. The Communications, Command, and DataHandling subsystem is comprised of antennas, receivers,transponders, transmitters, data encoders and encryptors andmultiplexers. The Tracking Telemetry and Command (TT&C)subsystem provides the necessary monitor and command linkbetween the spacecraft and the ground stations. The GOES-NEXT instruments consist of the following: (1) Earth ImagingSystem, a 5-channel visible and infrared radiometer whichprovides Earth imagery 24 hours a day; (2) Sounding System,a 19-channel discrete-filter radiometer for obtaining

GOES 9

NSSDC ID: 1995-025A

Alternate Names

GOES-NEXT

GOES-J

23581

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-05-23Launch Vehicle: Atlas ILaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 980.0 kgNominalPower: 973.0 W

Funding Agencies


NOAA NationalEnvironmental SatelliteService (United States)

Disciplines

Engineering

Earth Science

Solar Physics

Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for GOES 9

PDMP information forGOES 9

Telecommunicationsinformation for GOES 9

Experiments on GOES 9

Data collections from


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data





http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftPdmp.do?id=1995-025A




http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=GOES 9

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=GOES 9











atmospheric temperature and moisture soundings; (3) a SpaceEnvironment Monitor (SEM), which consists of a magnetic fieldsensor, a solar X-ray sensor, an energetic particle sensor(EPS), and a High Energy Proton and Alpha Detector(HEPAD); (4) a Search and Rescue subsystem (SARSAT),which receives signals from 406 MHz distress beacons andrelays them to the ground; (5) a Data Collection System (DCS)for collecting and relaying real-time information from DataCollection Platforms (DCPs) such as buoys, balloons, remoteweather stations, ships, and aircraft; and (6) a WeatherFacsimile (WEFAX) system which relays processed weatherimagary from the Wallops Island station to the user community.The SEC package (X-rays, H+, e-, monitors, and theMagnetometer) became inoperational on or before April 2003.

GOES 9


Personnel


Mr. James R.Greaves

ProgramManager


Mr. Arthur F.Obenschain

ProjectManager


[email protected]


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=GOES 9

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: GOES 9 (1995-025A)



http://www.usa.gov/








Description

HELIOS 1A, a French military, photo-surveillance satellite of2.5 tons was launched by an Ariane rocket from the KourouSpace Center in French Guiana. It was believed to be capableof one-meter resolution pictures.

Helios 1A

NSSDC ID: 1995-033A

Alternate Names

23605

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (France)

Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for Helios 1A

Experiments on Helios 1A

Data collections fromHelios 1A



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Helios 1A

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Helios 1A

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Helios 1A

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Helios 1A (1995-033A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Hot Bird 1 was a geostationary communications spacecraft ofthe European EUTELSAT consortium that was launched alongthe Brasilsat-B2. After parking at 13 E longitude, it providedlive television (only) coverage to the European andMediterranean countries.

Hot Bird 1

NSSDC ID: 1995-016B

Alternate Names

23537

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

EuropeanTelecommunicationsSatellite Consortium(International)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Hot Bird 1

Experiments on Hot Bird 1

Data collections from HotBird 1



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Hot Bird 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Hot Bird 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Hot Bird 1

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Hot Bird 1 (1995-016B)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

INSAT 2C was an Indian geostationary communicationsspacecraft launched by an Ariane rocket from the KourouSpace Center in French Guiana. The 2,050 kg, 1,620 wattspacecraft will be co-located at 93.5 deg E longitude alongsideINSAT 2B, providing television coverage to all countries fromcentral Europe to Southeast Asia through its 24 transponders.

INSAT 2C

NSSDC ID: 1995-067B

Alternate Names

Indian National Satellite2C

23731

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-06Launch Vehicle: Ariane44LLaunch Site: Kourou,French GuianaMass: 2050.0 kg

Funding Agency

Indian Space ResearchOrganization (India)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for INSAT 2C

Experiments on INSAT 2C

Data collections fromINSAT 2C



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=INSAT 2C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=INSAT 2C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=INSAT 2C

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: INSAT 2C (1995-067B)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Intelsat 704, a geostationary communications spacecraft of theIntelsat comsortium, was launched by an Atlas-2AS rocket fromCape Canaveral. It was parked over the Indian Ocean toprovide radio and TV coverage to the Middle East, Africa, andparts of Europe.

INTELSAT 704

NSSDC ID: 1995-001A

Alternate Names

23461

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-01-10Launch Vehicle: Atlas-2 ASLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 3656.0 kg

Funding Agency

InternationalTelecommunicationsSatellite Corporation(International)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for INTELSAT704

Experiments on INTELSAT704

Data collections fromINTELSAT 704



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=INTELSAT 704


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=INTELSAT 704


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: INTELSAT 704 (1995-001A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Intelsat 705 was a geostationay communications spacecraft ofthe Intelsat consortium.

INTELSAT 705

NSSDC ID: 1995-013A

Alternate Names

23528

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-03-21Launch Vehicle: Atlas-2 ASLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 3669.0 kg

Funding Agency


Discipline

Communications







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Intelsat 706 was a geostationary communications spacecraft ofthe Intelsat consortium and was launched from the KourouSpace Center in French Guiana by an Ariane rocket. It will beparked over the Atlantic ocean and has the capability to relay110,000 telephone calls simultaneously.

INTELSAT 706

NSSDC ID: 1995-023A

Alternate Names

23571

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-05-17Launch Vehicle: Ariane44LPLaunch Site: Kourou,French GuianaMass: 4180.0 kg

Funding Agency


Discipline

Communications







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/








Description

The Interball Project is a multi-national effort that consists offour spacecraft: two main spacecraft of the Prognoz series,made in Russia, each with a small subsatellite made inCzechoslovakia. The main objective is to study the physicalmechanisms responsible for the transmission of solar windenergy to the magnetosphere, its storage there, andsubsequent dissipation in the tail and auroral regions of themagnetosphere, ionosphere, and atmosphere duringmagnetospheric substorms. A ground-based support group willprovide coordinated and simultaneous ground-based data ofmany types, including observations from auroral and polar capregions. Interball is an IACG-related mission. Key physicalparameters will be generated, and will be available forexchange with other projects. Campaigns for intercomparisonwith the Wind and Geotail spacecraft are expected. One pairof spacecraft, Tail Probe and its subsatellite S2-X (X for thefirst letter of the Russian word for ``Tail''), will be launched intothe magnetospheric tail. The second pair, Auroral Probe andS2-A (A for ``Auroral''), will have an orbit that crosses theauroral oval to observe the acceleration of auroral particlesand the flow of electric currents that connect themagnetospheric tail with the conducting ionosphere. To studythe equilibrium tail structure, during about half of each year theTail Probe pair will cross the main parts of the magnetotailevery four days. The Auroral Probe pair will support the TailProbe pair with auroral region measurements. Each mainspacecraft has more than twenty scientific instruments. Thespacecraft is cylindrical, with spin axis toward the sun (within10 degrees), and with spin period of ~120 s. The electric andmagnetic field sensors are on booms connected to the ends ofthe solar panels. The subsatellites are small, each with aboutten scientific instruments. The spin axis will be directed within10 degrees of the sun, with a spin period of ~120 s, as with themain spacecraft. The subsatellites also carry gas-jet thrustersfor limited control of the orbit. Separation distance will rangefrom hundreds of kilometers to several tens of thousands ofkilometers for the Tail Probe pair. Separation distance willrange from hundreds of meters to hundreds of kilometers forthe Auroral Probe pair. The Tail Probe has two telemetrysystems, at up to 32 Kbps in real-time, with a memory modecapacity of 30 Mb in the RTK telemetry system and 120 Mb inthe SSNI system. The Auroral Probe has similar capability plusthe additional real-time-only STO system, capable of 40 Kbps.Each subsatellite has only the STO real-time telemetry system.For S2-X the rate can be varied from 2--40 kbps. The TailProbe has an adapting alert mode while in the memory mode,allowing time resolutions that are the same as in the real-timemode. The aim is to have the highest time resolution availableat the thin borders of magnetospheric regions or the sharp

Interball Tail Probe

NSSDC ID: 1995-039A

Alternate Names

Tail Probe

Prognoz 11

23632

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-08-02LaunchVehicle: Molniya-MLaunch Site: Plesetsk,KazakhstanMass: 1250.0 kg

Funding Agency


Disciplines

Solar Physics

Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for InterballTail Probe

Experiments on InterballTail Probe

Data collections fromInterball Tail Probe


InterballData/Information at


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Interball Tail Probe

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Interball Tail Probe

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Interball Tail Probe

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Interball Tail Probe

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Interball Tail Probe (1995-039A)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Interball Tail Probe (1995-039A)











borders of some features. In the alert mode (triggered by anon-board computer monitoring plasma and field parameters),the bit rate is increased for plasma, field, and wavemeasurements. The duration of these alert periods is about 10minutes, and there can be 5--6 of them during one orbit.

NSSDC

Interball Tail ProbeInterball S2-XInterball Auroral ProbeInterball S2-A

Other Sources of Interball Data/Information

Interball project (IKI)Interball data archive (IKI)


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-050C


http://www.iki.rssi.ru/interball.html

http://www.iki.rssi.ru/ida.html

http://www.usa.gov/








Description

IRS 1-C (Indian Remote Sensing satellite) was the third of theIndian natural resource imaging satellites and was launched bya Molniya-M rocket from the Baykonur Cosmodrome. The1,250 kg spacecraft carried three instruments: PAN(PANchromatic camera of 6-meter resolution), multispectralLISS-3 (Linear Imaging Self-Scanner), and WIFS (WIde FieldSensor). Images from regions other than India will bedownlinked and distributed through a commercial entity in theUS.

IRS-1C

NSSDC ID: 1995-072A

Alternate Names

Indian Remote SensingSatellite 1C

23751

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-28LaunchVehicle: Molniya-MLaunch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 1250.0 kg

Funding Agency

Indian Space ResearchOrganization (India)

Discipline

Earth Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for IRS-1C

Experiments on IRS-1C

Data collections from IRS-1C



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=IRS-1C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=IRS-1C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=IRS-1C

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: IRS-1C (1995-072A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

The Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) is designed to providedetailed infrared properties of selected Galactic andextragalactic sources. The sensitivity of the telescopic systemis about one thousand times superior to that of the InfraredAstronomical Satellite (IRAS), since the ISO telescope enablesintegration of infrared flux from a source for several hours.Density waves in the interstellar medium, its role in starformation, the giant planets, asteroids, and comets of the solarsystem are among the objects of investigation. The telescopehas a Ritchey-Chretien configuration, with an aperture of 60cm and an overall f-ratio of 15. The primary and secondarymirrors are made of fused silica. The field of view of thetelescope is 20 arc-min and the pointing accuracy is 5 arc-s.The collected flux in the wavelength range of 2-120micrometers is channeled to one of the four detectinginstruments, as desired. The observatory contains two 750-ltanks of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium to cool thedetectors. Science data will be obtained for ten hours duringeach orbit and telemetered in real-time, at a rate of 44 kbps.The operating lifetime of the observatory is 18 months.

ISO

NSSDC ID: 1995-062A

Alternate Names

Infrared SpaceObservatory

23715

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline

Astronomy


Launch/Orbitalinformation for ISO

Experiments on ISO

Data collections from ISO

Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: Dr. David T.Leisawitz.

US Active Archive for ISO Information/Data

ISO Science Support Center at IPAC

Other Sources of ISO Information/Data


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data





http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ISO

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ISO

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: ISO (1995-062A)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: ISO (1995-062A)

http://www.ipac.caltech.edu/iso/iso.html











Infrared Space Observatory Home Page at ESA


http://www.iso.vilspa.esa.es/

http://www.usa.gov/








Description

JCSAT 3 was a Japanese communications spacecraft. Itcarried twelve C-band transponders operating at 36 MHz,twelve Ku-band transponders operating at 36 MHz and sixteenKu-band transponders operating at 27 MHz. It provided 50channels of digital television from its highly eccentric orbit.

JCSAT 3

NSSDC ID: 1995-043A

Alternate Names

JapaneseCommunications Satellite3

23649

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-08-28Launch Vehicle: Atlas2ASLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 1841.0 kg

Funding Agency

Japan Satellite Systems,Inc. (Japan)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for JCSAT 3

Telecommunicationsinformation for JCSAT 3

Experiments on JCSAT 3

Data collections fromJCSAT 3



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data








http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=JCSAT 3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=JCSAT 3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=JCSAT 3

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: JCSAT 3 (1995-043A)















Curator: E. Bell, IIVersion 4.0.16, 26 April 2011

http://www.usa.gov/






Description

KH 12-2 was an American military reconnaissance spacecraftlaunched from Vandenberg AFB by a Titan 4 rocket. TheRussian ITAR-TASS hews agency reported that the 26,000 kgspacecraft was a member of the Keyhole constellation thatprovided images at 15 m resolution.

KH 12-2

NSSDC ID: 1995-066A

Alternate Names

USA 116

23728

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-05Launch Vehicle: TitanIVLaunchSite: Vandenberg AFB,United StatesMass: 26000.0 kg

Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for KH 12-2

Experiments on KH 12-2

Data collections from KH12-2



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=KH 12-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=KH 12-2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=KH 12-2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: KH 12-2 (1995-066A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Koreasat 1, also known as Mugunghwa 1, was a South Koreancommunications satellite launched by a Delta-2 rocket fromCape Canaveral. It carried 15 Ku-band transponders to provideTV coverage for South Korea and other Asian countries. Thefinal stage of the rocket failed to separate from the spacecraft,which, therefore, failed to achieve a geostationary orbit. Planswere to use up some of the reserved fuel to move it to thegeostationary orbit (over the Solomon Islands). This fuel losswill entail a reduced operational lifetime.

Koreasat 1

NSSDC ID: 1995-041A

Alternate Names

Mugunghwa 1

23639

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-08-05Launch Vehicle: DeltaII 7925Launch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 1459.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (South Korea)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Koreasat 1

Telecommunicationsinformation for Koreasat 1

Experiments on Koreasat 1

Data collections fromKoreasat 1



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data








http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Koreasat 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Koreasat 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Koreasat 1

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Koreasat 1 (1995-041A)











http://www.usa.gov/








Description

Luch 1 was a Russian geostationary military spacecraft thatwas launched from Baykonur cosmodrome by a Proton-Krocket. It was stationed at 77 deg E and relayed telegraph andtelephone information.

Luch 1

NSSDC ID: 1995-054A

Alternate Names

23680

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Luch 1

Experiments on Luch 1

Data collections from Luch1



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Luch 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Luch 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Luch 1

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Luch 1 (1995-054A)











http://www.usa.gov/






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-039F[26/05/2011 23:41:19]


Description

The Interball Project is a multi-national effort that consists offour spacecraft: two main spacecraft of the Prognoz series,made in Russia, each with a small subsatellite made inCzechoslovakia. The main objective is to study the physicalmechanisms responsible for the transmission of solar windenergy to the magnetosphere, its storage there, andsubsequent dissipation in the tail and auroral regions of themagnetosphere, ionosphere, and atmosphere duringmagnetospheric substorms. A ground-based support group willprovide coordinated and simultaneous ground-based data ofmany types, including observations from auroral and polar capregions. Interball is an IACG-related mission. Key physicalparameters will be generated, and will be available forexchange with other projects. Campaigns for intercomparisonwith the Wind and Geotail spacecraft are expected. One pairof spacecraft, Tail Probe and its subsatellite S2-X (X for thefirst letter of the Russian word for "Tail"), will be launched intothe magnetospheric tail. The second pair, Auroral Probe andS2-A (A for "Auroral"), will have an orbit that crosses theauroral oval to observe the acceleration of auroral particlesand the flow of electric currents that connect themagnetospheric tail with the conducting ionosphere. To studythe equilibrium tail structure, during about half of each year theTail Probe pair will cross the main parts of the magnetotailevery four days. The Tail Probe, with approximately 30 Earthradii apogee, will cross the noon-midnight plane on December1, so the measurements in the magnetotail will cover theperiod from October 1995 to February 1996. The AuroralProbe pair will support the Tail Probe pair with auroral regionmeasurements.

Each main spacecraft has more than twenty scientificinstruments. The spacecraft is cylindrical, with spin axis towardthe sun (within 10 degrees), and with spin period of ~120 s.The electric and magnetic field sensors are on boomsconnected to the ends of the solar panels.

The subsatellites are small, each with about ten scientificinstruments. The spin axis will be directed within 10 degrees ofthe sun, with a spin period of ~120 s, as with the mainspacecraft. The subsatellites also carry gas-jet thrusters forlimited control of the orbit. Separation distance will range fromhundreds of kilometers to several tens of thousands ofkilometers for the Tail Probe pair. Separation distance willrange from hundreds of meters to hundreds of kilometers forthe Auroral Probe pair. The Tail Probe has two telemetrysystems, at up to 32 Kbps in real-time, with a memory modecapacity of 30 Mb in the RTK telemetry system and 120 Mb inthe SSNI system. The Auroral Probe has similar capability plus

National Space Science Data Center Header

Magion 4

NSSDC ID: 1995-039F

Alternate Names

S2-X

Tail Subsatellite S2-X

Interball S2-X

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline

Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Magion 4

Experiments on Magion 4

Data collections fromMagion 4


InterballData/Information atNSSDC

Interball Tail Probe


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1995-039F


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Magion 4

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Magion 4

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Magion 4

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Magion 4 (1995-039F)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Magion 4 (1995-039F)











the additional real-time-only STO system, capable of 40 Kbps.Each subsatellite has only the STO real-time telemetry system.For S2-X the rate can be varied from 2-40 kbps.

The Tail Probe has an adapting alert mode while in thememory mode, allowing time resolutions that are the same asin the real-time mode. The aim is to have the highest timeresolution available at the thin borders of magnetosphericregions or the sharp borders of some features. In the alertmode (triggered by an on-board computer monitoring plasmaand field parameters), the bit rate is increased for plasma,field, and wave measurements. The duration of these alertperiods is about 10 minutes, and there can be 5-6 of themduring one orbit.

Interball S2-XInterball Auroral ProbeInterball S2-A

Other Sources ofInterballData/Information

Interball project (IKI)Interball data archive (IKI)


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-050C


http://www.iki.rssi.ru/interball.html

http://www.iki.rssi.ru/ida.html

http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Microlab 1 is a minisatellite that was launched by a Pegasusrocket carried aloft by an L-1011 aircraft flying out ofVanderberg AFB. The main instrument is a global lightningmapper; the other is a radio receiver to monitor thetransmission from any GPS spacecraft that appears near thehorizon and to infer the atmospheric temperature and humidity,and the ionospheric total electron content along the pathbetween the GPS and Microlab spacecraft.

Microlab 1

NSSDC ID: 1995-017C

Alternate Names

23547

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-04-03LaunchVehicle: PegasusLaunchSite: Vandenberg AFB,United StatesMass: 74.0 kg

Funding Agency


Disciplines

Earth Science

Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Microlab 1

Experiments on Microlab 1

Data collections fromMicrolab 1

Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: Dr. Dieter K.Bilitza.


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Microlab 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Microlab 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Microlab 1

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Microlab 1 (1995-017C)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Microlab 1 (1995-017C)









http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

USA 115, a US military Milstar communications satellite, waslaunched from Cape Canaveral aboard a Titan 4 rocket. Milstaris a series of advanced US military communications satellitesdesigned to provide global jam-resistant communications formilitary users. The Milstar system, when complete, will consistof four Block 2 satellites in low-inclination, geosynchronousorbits. The operational system will accomodate direct links tonumerous, highly mobile Milstar ground terminals installed onvehicles, ships, submarines and aircraft. The first two Block 1spacecraft, launched in 1994 and 1995, will eventually bereplaced by the Block 2 Milstar 3 through 6, which arescheduled for launch beginning in 1999. When the full Block 2constellation is deployed, as many as 10,000 users will be ableto access the system at any given time.

MILSTAR 2

NSSDC ID: 1995-060A

Alternate Names

USA 115

23712

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-11-06Launch Vehicle: TitanIVLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 4500.0 kg

Funding Agency

Department of Defense(United States)

Disciplines

Communications



Launch/Orbitalinformation for MILSTAR2

Experiments on MILSTAR2

Data collections fromMILSTAR 2



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=MILSTAR 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=MILSTAR 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=MILSTAR 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=MILSTAR 2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: MILSTAR 2 (1995-060A)















Curator: E. Bell, IIVersion 4.0.16, 26 April 2011

http://www.usa.gov/





Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

The Molniya-3 Russian communications satellites were used tocreate the 'Orbita' communications system for northernregions, with groups of four satellites. The first Molniya 3spacecraft appeared in 1974, primarily to support civilcommunications (domestic and international), with a slightlyenhanced electrical power system and a communicationspayload of three 6/4 GHz transponders with power outputs of40 W or 80 W. The land segment used a 12 m diameterparabolic antenna, which was pointed automatically at thesatellite using autonomous electromechanical equipment. Laterversions were to be part of the YeSSS Unified SatelliteCommunications System. Trials of this version began in the1980's, with the system being accepted by the Russian militaryin 1983-1985.

Molniya 3-47

NSSDC ID: 1995-042A

Alternate Names

23642

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Molniya 3-47

Experiments on Molniya 3-47

Data collections fromMolniya 3-47



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Molniya 3-47

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Molniya 3-47

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Molniya 3-47

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Molniya 3-47

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Molniya 3-47 (1995-042A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

N-STAR-A was a Japanese geostationary communicationsspacecraft that was launched by an Ariane 4-P rocket from theKourou Space Center in French Guiana. The 3.4 tonspacecraft entered a parking longitude of 132 deg E.

N-STAR-A

NSSDC ID: 1995-044A

Alternate Names

23651

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-08-29Launch Vehicle: Ariane4PLaunch Site: Kourou,French GuianaMass: 3100.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Japan)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for N-STAR-A

Experiments on N-STAR-A

Data collections from N-STAR-A



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=N-STAR-A

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=N-STAR-A

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=N-STAR-A

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: N-STAR-A (1995-044A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

ODERACS-2A was one of six spheres deployed from theshuttle mission STS-63. The purpose of the Orbital DebrisCalibration Spheres experiment was to calibrate the radarsand telescopes used for orbital debris measurements byputting objects of the size of interest into orbit for observation.One of the pair was polished, the other diffuse. The 3 pairswere 2, 4, and 6 inches in diameter.

ODERACS 2A

NSSDC ID: 1995-004C

Alternate Names

Orb Debris Rad CalibSph

23471

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-02-03LaunchVehicle: ShuttleLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 5.0 kg

Funding Agency

National Aeronautics andSpace Administration(United States)

Discipline

Technology Applications


Launch/Orbitalinformation forODERACS 2A

Experiments on ODERACS2A

Data collections fromODERACS 2A



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2A

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2A

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2A

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2A

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: ODERACS 2A (1995-004C)











http://www.usa.gov/






Version 4.0.16, 26 April 2011



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-004D[27/05/2011 23:10:34]

Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

ODERACS-2B was one of six spheres deployed from theshuttle mission STS-63. The purpose of the Orbital DebrisCalibration Spheres experiment was to calibrate the radarsand telescopes used for orbital debris measurements byputting objects of the size of interest into orbit for observation.One of the pair was polished, the other diffuse. The 3 pairswere 2, 4, and 6 inches in diameter.

ODERACS 2B

NSSDC ID: 1995-004D

Alternate Names


23472

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation forODERACS 2B

Experiments on ODERACS2B

Data collections fromODERACS 2B



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data




http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1995-004D



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2B

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2B

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2B

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2B

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: ODERACS 2B (1995-004D)











http://www.usa.gov/





http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-004D[27/05/2011 23:10:34]





Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

ODERACS-2C was one of six spheres deployed from theshuttle mission STS-63. The purpose of the Orbital DebrisCalibration Spheres experiment was to calibrate the radarsand telescopes used for orbital debris measurements byputting objects of the size of interest into orbit for observation.One of the pair was polished, the other diffuse. The 3 pairswere 2, 4, and 6 inches in diameter.

ODERACS 2C

NSSDC ID: 1995-004E

Alternate Names


23473

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation forODERACS 2C

Experiments on ODERACS2C

Data collections fromODERACS 2C



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2C

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: ODERACS 2C (1995-004E)











http://www.usa.gov/






Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

ODERACS-2D was one of six spheres deployed from theshuttle mission STS-63. The purpose of the Orbital DebrisCalibration Spheres experiment was to calibrate the radarsand telescopes used for orbital debris measurements byputting objects of the size of interest into orbit for observation.One of the pair was polished, the other diffuse. The 3 pairswere 2, 4, and 6 inches in diameter.

ODERACS 2D

NSSDC ID: 1995-004F

Alternate Names


23474

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation forODERACS 2D

Experiments on ODERACS2D

Data collections fromODERACS 2D



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2D

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2D

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2D

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2D

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: ODERACS 2D (1995-004F)











http://www.usa.gov/





http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-004G[27/05/2011 23:12:36]

Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

ODERACS-2E was one of six spheres deployed from theshuttle mission STS-63. The purpose of the Orbital DebrisCalibration Spheres experiment was to calibrate the radarsand telescopes used for orbital debris measurements byputting objects of the size of interest into orbit for observation.One of the pair was polished, the other diffuse. The 3 pairswere 2, 4, and 6 inches in diameter.

ODERACS 2E

NSSDC ID: 1995-004G

Alternate Names


23475

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation forODERACS 2E

Experiments on ODERACS2E

Data collections fromODERACS 2E



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data




http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1995-004G



http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2E

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2E

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2E

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=ODERACS 2E

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: ODERACS 2E (1995-004G)











http://www.usa.gov/





http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-004G[27/05/2011 23:12:36]





Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Ofeq 3 was an Israeli surveillance satellite that was launchedwestward by a Shavit launcher from the Palmahim launch site.It was the first generation of Israeli samll satellite bus beingmarketed by Israel Aircraft Industries and MLM SystemEngineering and Integration, and carried a light-weight electro-optical scanner, and astronomical experiments. It was anoctagonally shaped cyclinder, with two deployed 1.8 sq mpanels.

Ofeq 3

NSSDC ID: 1995-018A

Alternate Names

Horizon 3

23549

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-04-05Launch Vehicle: ShavitLaunch Site: Palmahim,IsraelMass: 189.0 kg

Funding Agency

Israeli Space Agency(Israel)

Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for Ofeq 3

Experiments on Ofeq 3

Data collections from Ofeq3



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Ofeq 3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Ofeq 3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Ofeq 3

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Ofeq 3 (1995-018A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Orbcomm-FM 1 was an American minisatellite launched by thesame Pegasus rocket that launched Microlab 1. The mainpayload was a transponder to relay the GPS-determinedlocations of cargo trucks and data from oil pipeline monitors.Both Orbcomm-FM 1 and Orbcomm-FM 2 experiencedtransmission or reception problems. Efforts were underway toremedy the problems.

Orbcomm FM-01

NSSDC ID: 1995-017A

Alternate Names

Orbcomm FM-1

23545

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-04-03LaunchVehicle: PegasusLaunchSite: Vandenberg AFB,United StatesMass: 41.0 kgNominalPower: 160.0 W

Funding Agency

ORBCOMM (UnitedStates)

Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for OrbcommFM-01

Experiments on OrbcommFM-01

Data collections fromOrbcomm FM-01



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Orbcomm FM-01


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Orbcomm FM-01


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Orbcomm FM-01 (1995-017A)














http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Orbcomm-FM 2 was an American minisatellite launched by thesame Pegasus rocket that launched Microlab 1. The mainpayload was a transponder to relay the GPS-determinedlocations of cargo trucks and data from oil pipeline monitors.Both Orbcomm-FM 1 and Orbcomm-FM 2 experiencedtransmission or reception problems. Efforts were underway toremedy the problems.

Orbcomm FM-02

NSSDC ID: 1995-017B

Alternate Names

Orbcomm FM-2

23546

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-04-03LaunchVehicle: PegasusLaunchSite: Vandenberg AFB,United StatesMass: 41.0 kgNominalPower: 160.0 W

Funding Agency

ORBCOMM (UnitedStates)

Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for OrbcommFM-02

Experiments on OrbcommFM-02

Data collections fromOrbcomm FM-02



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data










mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Orbcomm FM-02 (1995-017B)














http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

PANAMSAT 4, also known as PAS 4, was an Americangeostationary spacecraft that was launched by an Arianerocket from the Kourou Space Center in French Giuana. The3,043 kg spacecraft carried 16 30-watt C-band transpondersand 24 60-watt Ku-band transponders and was expected toprovide 320 radio channels and 120 "DirecTV" channels. Theparking longitude is 69 deg E.

PANAMSAT 4

NSSDC ID: 1995-040A

Alternate Names

PAS 4

IS-4

Intelsat 4

23636

Facts in Brief


Funding Agencies

Pan American Satellite(United States)


Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation forPANAMSAT 4

Experiments onPANAMSAT 4

Data collections fromPANAMSAT 4



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=PANAMSAT 4

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=PANAMSAT 4

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=PANAMSAT 4

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=PANAMSAT 4

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: PANAMSAT 4 (1995-040A)












Office.



http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

An improved version of cargo freighters used to supply the Mirspace station, the Progress M series had greater cargocapacity, a modernized approach/docking system and carried 2solar panels to generate electrical power. Progress M can flyfor 30 days independently and 108 days docked with Mir.Spare propellent in Progress M's tanks can be transferred toMir before it is consigned to burn up in reentry. In the past,extra fuel was abandoned with the craft. Future Progressvehicles will carry a recoverable reentry capsule for the speedyreturn of up to 150 kg of material from Mir to earth.

Progress M-26 was launched from the Baykonur Cosmodromeand docked with Mir on February 18, 1995.

Progress M-26

NSSDC ID: 1995-005A

Alternate Names

23477

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-02-15Launch Vehicle: SoyuzLaunch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 7250.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Resupply/Refurbishment/Repair


Launch/Orbitalinformation for ProgressM-26

Experiments on ProgressM-26

Data collections fromProgress M-26



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Progress M-26


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Progress M-26


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Progress M-26 (1995-005A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description


Progress M-27 was launched by a Soyuz-U rocket from theBaykonur Cosmodrome to transfer 2.4 tons of supplies to theMir space station. It docked on April 11, 1995.

Progress M-27

NSSDC ID: 1995-020A

Alternate Names

23555

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description


Progress M-28 was launched from the Baykonur Cosmodromeby a Soyuz-U rocket. It docked with the Mir space station onJuly 22, 1995 and delivered 2.4 tons of supplies. (According tothe ITAR-TASS new agency, among the items delivered to Mirwere 2 icons of St. Anasthasiya, the patron saint of formerYugoslavia, blessed by Patriarch Aleksiy II and Pope Paul II tobring peace among the factions.)

Progress M-28

NSSDC ID: 1995-036A

Alternate Names

23617

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description


Progress M-29 was launched from Baykonur cosmodrome by aSoyuz-U rocket. It docked with Mir on October 10, 1995.

Progress M-29

NSSDC ID: 1995-053A

Alternate Names

23678

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description


Progress M-30 was launched by a Soyuz-U rocket from theBaykonur Cosmodrome and docked with Mir on December 20,1995 to deliver 2,000 kg of material.

Progress M-30

NSSDC ID: 1995-070A

Alternate Names

23744

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

The Radar Satellite (RADARSAT) was a joint Canada(Canadian Space Agency/Canada Center for Remote Sensing)and United States (NASA) project. RADARSAT was designedto provide detailed information on sea ice and terrestrial icesheets for climate research, to produce radar imagery forgeographical applications in oceanography, agriculture,forestry, hydrology, and geology, and to provide real-timeproducts for arctic ocean navigation including ice surveillance.RADARSAT was also designed to provide data products forcommercial applications such as fishing, shipping, oilexploration, offshore oil drilling, and resource managment.RADARSAT carried an advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) operating at 5.3 GHz (C-band). The RADARSATspacecraft consisted of two major components: the spacecraftbus and the payload module. The spacecraft bus, built by BallAerospace, consisted of the structure power units, solar arrays,attitude control, propulsion deck, and telemetry, tracking, andcommand systems. The spacecraft was 3-axis controlled to 0.1degrees by reaction wheels, magnetometers, magnetotorquers,and Earth and sun sensors. Altitude was maintained byhydrazine thrusters. The rigid SPAR solar arrays of twin 5-panel wings provided power supported by three 50 Ahr SAFTNiCd batteries. The payload module consisted of the SARradar system, two tape recorders, the SAR antenna, payloadcomputer, and the downlink transmitter. The SAR antenna,provided by Spar Aerospace and Canadian Astronautics, wasstored in four sections and, when deployed, was 1.5 x 15meters. The two Odetics on-board tape recorders stored 15minutes of data at 85 Mbps. The spacecraft followed a sun-synchronous orbit with equatorial crossings in the ascendingnode maintained at 6:00 p.m. local time. The RADARSAT orbitprovided repeat coverage of most of Canada every 72 hours.The mission life was expected to be five years.

Radarsat 1

NSSDC ID: 1995-059A

Alternate Names

Radar Satellite

23710

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-11-04Launch Vehicle: DeltaII 7920LaunchSite: Vandenberg AFB,United StatesMass: 2713.0 kgNominalPower: 2500.0 W

Funding Agencies

Department of Energy,Mines and Resources(Canada)


Discipline

Earth Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Radarsat 1

PDMP information forRadarsat 1

Telecommunicationsinformation for Radarsat 1

Experiments on Radarsat 1

Data collections fromRadarsat 1


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data









http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Radarsat 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Radarsat 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Radarsat 1












Personnel


Mr. Robert C.Thomas

ProgramScientist

NASA Headquarters

Mr. S. Ahmed ProgramManager

Canadian Space Agency-Radarsat Project Office

Mr. E. J.Langham

ProjectDirector

Canadian Space Agency-Radarsat Project Office

Dr. Joseph L.McNally

ProjectDirector

Canadian Space Agency

Dr. W. VernonJones

ProgramManager


Selected References

Raney, R. K., et al., RADARSAT, IEEE Proc., 79, No. 6, 839-849, June 1991.


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Radarsat 1 (1995-059A)



http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Resurs F20 was a Russian remote sensing ecologicalspacecraft launched by a Soyuz-Y rocket from Plesetskcosmodrome. The six-tonne spacecraft was expected torelease a descent module carrying photographs at five-meterresolution after about 30 days of operation.

Resurs-F20

NSSDC ID: 1995-050A

Alternate Names

23672

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-09-26LaunchVehicle: Soyuz-YLaunch Site: Plesetsk,United StatesMass: 6300.0 kg

Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Earth Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Resurs-F20

Experiments on Resurs-F20

Data collections fromResurs-F20



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Resurs-F20

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Resurs-F20

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Resurs-F20

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Resurs-F20

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Resurs-F20 (1995-050A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

SFU was a Japanese space laboratory launched by the sameH-2 rocket that launched GMS 5. It carried an infraredtelescope (IRTS), and instruments and supplies formicrogravity experiments. SFU was retrieved by the SpaceShuttle STS 72 on January 13, 1996.

SFU

NSSDC ID: 1995-011A

Alternate Names

Space Flyer Unit

IRTS

23521

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-03-18Launch Vehicle: H-2LaunchSite: Tanegashima, JapanMass: 4000.0 kgNominalPower: 27000.0 W

Funding Agency

Institute of Space andAeronautical Science, Uof Tokyo (Japan)

Disciplines

Astronomy

Microgravity


Launch/Orbitalinformation for SFU

Experiments on SFU

Data collections from SFU


Other Sources of IRTS Information/Data


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data





http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=SFU

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=SFU

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: SFU (1995-011A)













IRTS Home Page at ISAS


http://www.ir.isas.ac.jp/irts/irts_E.html

http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Sich 1 was a Ukranian remote sensing satellite launched fromthe Plesetsk Cosmodrome by a Tsiklon-3 rocket. Thespacecraft and instruments on board were similar to those ofthe Soviet Okean series. Its main mission was to monitorobjects of several hundred meters in size, such as Arctic ice. Asecond payload, FASAT-Alpha, which was a Chileanspacecraft of 50 kg mass, could not be separated from Sich 1and so had to be muted.

Sich 1

NSSDC ID: 1995-046A

Alternate Names

23657

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-08-31LaunchVehicle: Tsiklon-3Launch Site: Plesetsk,RussiaMass: 1950.0 kg

Funding Agency

National Space Agencyof Ukraine (Ukraine)

Discipline

Earth Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Sich 1

Experiments on Sich 1

Data collections from Sich1



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Sich 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Sich 1

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Sich 1

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Sich 1 (1995-046A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Skipper was a small American science spacecraft launched bya Molniya-M rocket from the Baykonur Cosmodrome. It wasreported to be a sub-satellite of IRS 1-C. In orbit the satellite"skips" over the atmosphere at 130 - 150 km perigees, hencethe name "SKIPPER". The following information was obtainedfrom a WWW page at the Space Dynamics Laboratory, UtahState University.

Mission Objectives were: (1) To measure ultraviolet and visibleelectromagnetic emissions from an orbiting satellite; (2) toquantify results from the Bowshock 1 and 2 rocket-borne UVexperiments, to validate models of chemical processesresulting from the passage of the satellite through the earth'supper atmosphere, and to extend the understanding to aregime of higher velocity and altitude.

Additional objectives were: (1) To develop a close scientificexchange and collaboration between SDL/USU and theMoscow Aviation Institute, who would produce the scientificinstrumentation module, develop the spacecraft bus, andcoordinate the launch; and (2) to gain new insights intoRussian satellite design processes and paradigms.

The instrumentation consisted of (1) A scanning UVspectrometer, 200 to 400 nm; (2) a scanning VUVspectrometer, 110 to 200 nm; (3) twenty narrow-bandphotometers, UV and visible; and (4) four gas-filled detectors,120 and 130 nm (two proportional counters and two ionizationcells).

Skipper

NSSDC ID: 1995-072B

Alternate Names

23752

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-28LaunchVehicle: Molniya-MLaunch Site: Tyuratam(Baikonur Cosmodrome),KazakhstanMass: 250.0 kg

Funding Agency


Discipline

Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Skipper

Experiments on Skipper

Data collections fromSkipper



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Skipper

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Skipper

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Skipper

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Skipper (1995-072B)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

The primary scientific aims of the Solar and HeliosphericObservatory mission (SOHO) were to investigate: (1) thephysical processes that form and heat the Sun's corona,maintain it and give rise to the expanding solar wind; and, (2)the interior structure of the Sun. Imaging and collection ofspectroscopic plasma diagnostics of the solar chromosphere,transition region and corona, as well as in situ solar-windmeasurements are used to study the corona and solar wind.Solar interior structure is investigated by helioseismologicalmeans and by the observation of variations in solar irradiance.SOHO was part of the International Solar-Terrestrial PhysicsProgram (ISTP).

The SOHO spacecraft was three-axis stabilized and pointedtowards the Sun with an accuracy of +/- 10 arcsec per 15 min.It consisted of a Payload Module to accommodate theinstruments and a Service Module carrying the spacecraftsubsystems and solar arrays. SOHO occupied a halo orbit atthe Earth-Sun L1 Lagrangian point to obtain uninterruptedsunlight. The design life was two years, but on-boardconsumables were sufficient for an extra four years ofoperations.

Twelve instruments comprised the payload, producing acontinuous stream of data at 40 kbs, except whenever thesolar oscillations imager Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) wasoperated in high-bit-rate mode, producing 160 kbs. The high-bit-rate mode was used during scheduled daily eight-hourperiods or during dedicated campaigns. Magnetic tape storeddata between telemetry contacts with the ExperimentOperations Facility, located at NASA-GSFC. For moreinformation, see B. Fleck, V. Domingo, and A. I. Poland, eds.,Solar Physics, V. 162, 1995.

SOHO was a joint mission of the European Space Agency andNASA. It was launched aboard an Atlas IIAS rocket from CapeCanaveral Air Station, FL, on Dec. 2, 1995, and missionoperations were directed from NASA's Goddard Space FlightCenter, Greenbelt, MD.

In April 1998, SOHO successfully completed its nominal two-year mission to study the Sun's atmosphere, surface andinterior. Major science highlights include the detection of riversof plasma beneath the surface of the Sun; the discovery of amagnetic "carpet" on the solar surface that seems to accountfor a substantial part of the energy that is needed to cause thevery high temperature of the corona, the Sun's outermost layer;the first detection of flare-induced solar quakes; the discoveryof more than 50 sungrazing comets; the most detailed view to

SOHO

NSSDC ID: 1995-065A

Alternate Names

Solar and HeliosphericObservatory

23726

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-02Launch Vehicle: Atlas-2 ASLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 1350.0 kgNominalPower: 750.0 W

Funding Agencies



Disciplines

Solar Physics

Space Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for SOHO

Telecommunicationsinformation for SOHO

Experiments on SOHO

Data collections fromSOHO

Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: Ms. Carolyn


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


SOHO






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=SOHO

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=SOHO

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=SOHO

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: SOHO (1995-065A)









http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/spacecraft/soho.jpg



date of the solar atmosphere; and spectacular images andmovies of coronal mass ejections, which were being used toimprove the ability to forecast space weather.

Contact with SOHO was lost at 23:16 GMT on June 24, 1998during maintenance operations. The spacecraft went intoemergency sun reacquisition mode, which is activated when ananomaly occurs and the spacecraft loses its orientation towardthe Sun. When this happened, the spacecraft automaticallytried to point itself toward the Sun again by firing its attitudecontrol thrusters under the guidance of an onboard Sunsensor. Efforts to re-establish contact with SOHO did notsucceed and telemetry was lost, not to be reestablished forseveral weeks.

Attitude analysis led to the conclusion that SOHO went into aspin such that the solar panels were nearly edge-on towardsthe Sun, and thus did not generate any power. Because thespin axis is fixed in space, as the spacecraft progressed in itsorbit the orientation of the panels with respect to the Sungradually changed, resulting in increased solar illumination ofthe solar arrays as time progressed. On August 3, contact wasre-established with SOHO following six weeks of silence. Aftera lengthy recovery process, on September 16 the spacecraftagain locked onto the Sun, and experiment heaters wereswitched on. After recommissioning of various subsystems,and an orbit correction maneuver, SOHO was finally broughtback to normal mode on 25 September at 19:52:58 GMT.Instrument switch-on started October 5, 1998, and byNovember 4 all instruments were back to normal.

Y. Ng.

Personnel


Dr. JeffreyNewmark

ProgramScientist


Mr. MichaelLee

MissionDirector


[email protected]

Dr. Joseph B.Gurman

ProjectScientist


[email protected]

Dr. JeffreyHayes

ProgramManager


Dr. Bernhard G.Fleck

ProjectScientist


[email protected]

Selected References

Poland, A. I., SOHO - an observatory to study the solar interior and the solar atmosphere, In--Observatories in Earth Orbit and Beyond, edited by Y. Kondo, pp.277-284, Kluwer AcademicPub., Boston, 1990.

Coronal streamers, coronal loops, and coronal and solar wind composition, Proceedings of theFirst SOHO Workshop, Annapolis, MD, USA, 25-28 Aug. 1992 (ESA SP-348), Nov. 1992.

Other SOHO Information/Data at NSSDC

Select SOHO images in the NSSDC Photo Gallery

Other Sources of SOHO Information/Data

SOHO Project home page (NASA)SOHO Project home page (ESA)SOHO Science page (ESA)

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: SOHO (1995-065A)

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-solar.html

http://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/

http://sohowww.estec.esa.nl/

http://sci.esa.int/soho/



ISTP Home Page

Experimenter PagesCoronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) (NASA GSFC)Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) (U. of Oslo)

Charge, Element, and Isotope Analysis System (CELIAS) (U. of Bern)Electron Proton Helium Instrument (EPHIN) (U. of Kiel) (in German)Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) (NASA GSFC)Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electrons (ERNE) (U. of Turku, Finland)Global Oscillations at Low Frequencies and Electrons (GOLF) (Inst. of Spatial Astrophysics,France)Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) (NRL)Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) (Stanford U.)Solar Oscillations Investigation (SOI) (Stanford U.)

Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) (MPI for Aeronomy)Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) (Inst. of Spatial Astrophysics,France)

Solar Wind Anisotropies (SWAN) (Finnish Meterological Institute)Solar Wind Anisotropies (SWAN) (Service d'Aeronomie, France) (in French)

Ultraviolet Coronograph Spectrometer (UVCS) (Harvard)Variability of Solar Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations (VIRGO) (ESTEC)


http://www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/

http://orpheus.nascom.nasa.gov/cds/cds_homepage.html

http://www.matnat.uio.no/ita/cds_oslo.html

http://www.cx.unibe.ch/phim/soho/

http://ifkki.kernphysik.uni-kiel.de/www_root/soho/ephin.html

http://umbra.nascom.nasa.gov/eit/

http://helium.srl.utu.fi/projects/erne.html

http://www.medoc-ias.u-psud.fr/golf/golf1.htm

http://lasco-www.nrl.navy.mil/lasco.html

http://soi.stanford.edu/

http://soi.stanford.edu/

http://hydra.mpae.gwdg.de/mpae_projects/SUMER/sumer.html

http://iasax1.ias.fr/

http://www.geo.fmi.fi/~tsummane/swan.html

http://www.aero.jussieu.fr/~jgoutail/

http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/uvcs/

ftp://ftp.estec.esa.nl/pub/loitenerife/virgo.html

http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Soyuz TM-21 was a cosmonaut transporting spacecraft thatwas launched from the Baykonur Cosmodrome to dock withthe Mir space station. It docked with Mir on March 16, 1995.The American astronaut on board will be brought back from Mirafter a US Shuttle docks with the station in late June 1995.Designed and manufactured by RKK Energiya, the Soyuz TMwas capable of carrying three cosmonauts and had a grossweight of just over seven metric tons, a length of sevenmeters, and a maximum diameter of 2.7 m. The spacecraftconsisted of three main sections: the orbital module, thecommand and reentry module, and the service module. Twosolar arrays (10.6 m span) provided electrical power for thetypical 50-hour journey to Mir and could be interconnected withthe space station's electrical system to furnish additional 1.3kW. The nominal flight time for Soyuz TM spaceship was 5-6months.

Soyuz-TM 21

NSSDC ID: 1995-010A

Alternate Names

23519

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (U.S.S.R)

Discipline

Human Crew


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Soyuz-TM21

Experiments on Soyuz-TM21

Data collections fromSoyuz-TM 21



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Soyuz-TM 21


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Soyuz-TM 21


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Soyuz-TM 21 (1995-010A)











http://www.usa.gov/





Soyuz TM-21

Russia

Launch, orbit and landing data

Launch date: 14.03.1995 Launch time: 06:11 UT Launch site: Baikonur Launch pad: 1 Altitude: 200,86 - 247,45 km Inclination: 51,65° Landing date: 07.07.1995 Landing time: 14:54 UT Landing site: 50° 41' N, 68° 15' E

Crew No. Surnam

e Given name Job Flight No. Duration Orbits

1 Dezhurov

Vladimir Nikolayevich Commander 1 115d 08h

43m 1825

http://www.spacefacts.de/maps/english/e_bai_kazak_1.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/maps/english/e_soyuz-tm-21.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/dezhurov_vladimir.htm�



http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/p_large/english/soyuz-tm-21.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/large/english/soyuz-tm-21.htm�

2 Strekalov

Gennadi Mikhailovich Flight Engineer 5 115d 08h

43m 1825

3 Thagard Norman Earl Research

Cosmonaut 5 115d 08h 43m

1825

Crew seating arrangement

Launch 1 Dezhurov 2 Strekalov 3 Thagard

Landing 1 Soloviyov 2 Budarin 3

Double Crew

No. Surname Given name Job

1 Soloviyov Anatoli Yakovlevich Commander

2 Budarin Nikolai Mikhailovich Flight Engineer

3 Dunbar Bonnie Jeanne Research Cosmonaut

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/strekalov_gennadi.htm�



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/thagard_norman.htm�




http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/soloviyov_anatoli.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/budarin_nikolai.htm�



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/dunbar_bonnie.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/large/english/soyuz-tm-21_2.htm�

Flight Launch from Baikonur; docking on MIR spacestation; crew returned to Earth with Space Shuttle STS-71. Resident crew exchanged; the three cosmonauts became the 18th resident crew; Thagard became the first U.S. astronaut onboard the MIR spacestation; later docking of Spektr-module; Dezhurov and Strekalov performed five EVA's on 12.05.1995 (6h 14m), 17.05.1995 (6h 41m), 22.05.1995 (5h 14m), 28.05.1995 (0h 21m) and 01.06.1995 (0h 22m) to rebuild the space station (installation of solar array and repositioning docking adapter); technical problems; they also performed life science experiments.

Photos / Drawings

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/sts-71.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mir/english/mir-18.htm�




http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/soyuz-tm-21_launch.htm�



Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Soyuz TM-22 was a Russian transport spacecraft thattransported cosmonauts to the Mir space station for a 135-daystay. It was launched from the Baykonur Cosmodrome anddocked on September 5, 1995 with Mir's Kvant-2 module at theport that was vacated by Progress M-28 a day before.Designed and manufactured by RKK Energiya, the Soyuz TMwas capable of carrying three cosmonauts and had a grossweight of just over seven metric tons, a length of sevenmeters, and a maximum diameter of 2.7 m. The spacecraftconsisted of three main sections: the orbital module, thecommand and reentry module, and the service module. Twosolar arrays (10.6 m span) provided electrical power for thetypical 50-hour journey to Mir and could be interconnected withthe space station's electrical system to furnish additional 1.3kW. The nominal flight time for Soyuz TM spaceship was 5-6months.

Soyuz-TM 22

NSSDC ID: 1995-047A

Alternate Names

23665

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Human Crew


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Soyuz-TM22

Experiments on Soyuz-TM22

Data collections fromSoyuz-TM 22



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















http://www.usa.gov/





Soyuz TM-22


Launch date: 03.09.1995 Launch time: 09:00 UT Launch site: Baikonur Launch pad: 1 Altitude: 199 - 236 km Inclination: 51,64° Landing date: 29.02.1996 Landing time: 10:42 UT Landing site: 51° 18' N, 67° 27' E

Crew No. Surname Given name Job Flight No. Duration Orbit

s

1 Gidzenko Yuri Pavlovich Commander 1 179d 01h 41m 2833

2 Avdeyev Sergei

Vasiliyevich Flight Engineer 2 179d 01h 41m 2833

3 Reiter Thomas Arthur Flight

Engineer 1 179d 01h 41m 2833

http://www.spacefacts.de/maps/english/e_bai_kazak_1.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/maps/english/e_soyuz-tm-22.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/gidzenko_yuri.htm�



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/avdeyev_sergei.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/international/english/reiter_thomas.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/p_large/english/soyuz-tm-22.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/groups/p_large/english/esa-2_2.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/large/english/soyuz-tm-22.htm�


Launch 1 Gidzenko 2 Avdeyev 3 Reiter

Landing 1 Gidzenko 2 Avdeyev 3 Reiter

Double Crew


1 Manakov Gennadi Mikhailovich Commander

2 Vinogradov Pavel Vladimirovich Flight Engineer

3 Fuglesang Arne Christer Flight Engineer

Flight Launch from Baikonur; landing 105 km northeast of Arkalyk. Mission "EUROMIR 95"; docking on MIR spacestation; crew became the 20th MIR resident crew; joint Russian-German research work; EVA`s performed by Avdeyev and Reiter (first German performing a spacewalk) at 20.10.1995 (5h 16m), by Gidzenko and Avdeyev on 08.12.1995 (0h 29m) and Gidzenko and Reiter on 08.02.1996 (3h 05m); new instruments were installed; spaceflight took two month longer than planned due of missing money; longest space flight of a non-Russian to date.







http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/manakov_gennadi.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/vinogradov_pavel.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/international/english/fuglesang_christer.htm�










http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/large/english/soyuz-tm-22_2.htm�

Photos / Drawings

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/mir_1995.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/soyuz-tm-22_launch.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/soyuz-tm-22_eva-reiter.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/soyuz-tm-22_onboard.htm�



Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Spartan 201, an American spacecraft, was released from STS69. It carried x-ray, far UV, and visible light instruments tostudy corona and galactic clusters during its two-day mission.At the time of its retrieval, it was unexpectedly found to bespinning. It remains to be determined whether any usable datawere collected during its free flight.

Spartan 201-3

NSSDC ID: 1995-048B

Alternate Names

Spartan 201-03

23668

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline

Solar Physics


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Spartan201-3

Experiments on Spartan201-3

Data collections fromSpartan 201-3



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Spartan 201-3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Spartan 201-3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Spartan 201-3

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Spartan 201-3

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Spartan 201-3 (1995-048B)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Spartan 204 was a free-flying payload that was released fromspace shuttle STS 63 on 07 February 1995 at 12:26 UT. Itmade about 40 hours of observations of galactic dust cloudsusing a far ultraviolet imaging spectrograph before beingretrieved on 09 February 1995.

Spartan 204

NSSDC ID: 1995-004B

Alternate Names

23470

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-02-07LaunchVehicle: ShuttleLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United States

Funding Agencies



Disciplines

Astronomy

Engineering


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Spartan204

PDMP information forSpartan 204

Telecommunicationsinformation for Spartan204

Experiments on Spartan204

Data collections fromSpartan 204

Questions or commentsabout this spacecraft canbe directed to: Coordinated


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data











http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Spartan 204

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Spartan 204

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Spartan 204

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Spartan 204

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Spartan 204 (1995-004B)











Request and User SupportOffice.




http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

SPEKTR, a Russian module to dock with the Mir space station,was launched from the Baykonur Cosmodrome by a Proton-Krocket. The 23.5 ton spacecraft remained with Mir for at least 3years. It carries a Belgian grating spectrometer MIRAS that willmonitor atmospheric gases such as ozone, carbon dioxide,freon and sulfur. It also carried some American equipment toimplement the Mir-Shuttle rendezvous scheduled for late 1995.

Spektr

NSSDC ID: 1995-024A

Alternate Names

23579

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Russia)

Discipline

Earth Science


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Spektr

Experiments on Spektr

Data collections fromSpektr



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Spektr

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Spektr

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Spektr

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Spektr (1995-024A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

STS-63 was the first Shuttle flight of 1995 and included severalhistory-making achievements: First flight of a female Shuttlepilot (Eileen M. Collins) and, as part of Phase I of internationalspace station program, the second flight of a Russiancosmonaut (Vladimar Titov) on a Shuttle misson, and firstapproach and flyaround by a Shuttle with the Russian spacestation Mir.

Beginning on flight day one, a series of thruster burns wereperformed daily to bring Discovery in line with Mir. Original plancalled for the orbiter to approach to no closer than 10 meters,or 32.8 feet, from Mir, and then complete a flyaround of theRussian space station. However, three of the 44 orbiterReaction Control System (RCS) thrusters -- small firing jetsused for on-orbit maneuvering --sprang leaks prior torendezvous. Shortly after main engine cutoff, two leaksoccurred in aft primary thrusters, one of which -- called R1U --was key to therendezvous. A third leak occurred later in theflight in the forward primary thruster, but the crew was able tofix the problem.

After extensive negotiations and technical informationexchanges between US and Russian space teams, theRussians concluded a close approach could be safelyachieved and the STS-63 crew was given 'go' to proceed. TheR1U thruster manifold was closed and a backup thruster wasselected for approach. Ship-to-ship radio contact with Mir wasachieved well ahead of time, and Titov, who lived on Mir formore than a year, communicated excitedly with threecosmonauts aboard the space station: Mir 17 CommanderAlexander Viktorenko; Flight Engineer Elena Kondakova; andValery Polyakov, a physician who has broken Titov's record forextended time in space. After stationkeeping at a distance of400 feet (122 meters) from Mir and with Wetherbee manuallycontrolling orbiter, Discovery was flown to 37 feet from theRussian space station. "As we are bringing our spaceshipscloser together, we are bringing our nations closer together,"Wetherbee said after Discovery was at the point of closestapproach. "The next time we approach, we will shake yourhand and together we will lead our world into the nextmillenium."

"We are one. We are human," Viktorenko responded.Wetherbee then backed away to 400 feet (122 meters) andperformed one and a quarter-loop flyaround of Mir while thestation was filmed and photographed. The Mir crew reportedno vibrations or solar array movement as a result of theapproach.

STS 63

NSSDC ID: 1995-004A

Alternate Names

23469

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

NASA-Office of SpaceFlight (United States)

Discipline

Human Crew


Launch/Orbitalinformation for STS 63

Experiments on STS 63

Data collections from STS63



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data





http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=STS 63

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=STS 63


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: STS 63 (1995-004A)













The crew also worked extensively with payloads aboardDiscovery. Flying in the forward payload bay and activated onflight day one was SPACEHAB-3. The commercially-developed module was making its third flight on the Shuttleand carried 20 experiments: 11 biotechnology experiments;three advanced materials development experiments; fourtechnology demonstrations; and two pieces of supportinghardware measuring on-orbit accelerations. Improvementswere made to the SPACEHAB system to reduce demand oncrew time. A new video switch was added to lessen the needfor astronaut involvement in video operations, and anexperiment interface was added to the telemetry system toallow an experiment investigator to link directly via computerwith the onboard experiment to receive data and monitorstatus. Charlotte, an experimental robotic device being flownfor first time, also will reduce crew workload by taking oversimple tasks such as changing experiment samples.

Among plant growth experiments were Astroculture, flying forthe fourth time on Shuttle. The objective of Astroculture was tovalidate performance of plant growth technologies inmicrogravity environment of space for application to a lifesupport system in space. The investigation has applications onEarth, since it covers such topics as energy-efficient lightingand removal of pollutants from indoor air. One of thepharmaceutical experiments, Immune, also has Earthapplications. Exploiting known tendency of spaceflight tosuppress immune system, the Immune experiment tested theability of a particular substance to prevent or reduce thissuppression. Clinical applications could include treatment ofindividuals suffering from such immunosuppressant diseasessuch as AIDS.

On flight day two, the crew deployed Orbital Debris RadarCalibration System-II (ODERACS-II) to help characterizeorbital debris environment for objects smaller than 10centimeters (about four inches) in diameter. A complement ofsix target objects of known dimensions and with limited orbitallifespans were released into orbit and tracked by ground-based radars, allowing precise calibration of radars so they canmore accurately track smaller pieces of space debris in lowEarth orbit.

Also on flight day two, the crew lifted with the orbiter remotemanipulator system arm the SPARTAN-204 from its supportstructure in payload bay. SPARTAN remained suspended onthe arm for observation of orbiter glow phenomenon andthruster jet firings. SPARTAN-204 was later released from armto complete about 40 hours of free-flight, during which time itsFar Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph instrument studiedcelestial targets in the interstellar medium, the gas and dustwhich fills the space between the stars and which is thematerial from which new stars and planets are formed.

SPARTAN-204 was also used for extravehicular activity (EVA)near end of flight. Foale and Harris began EVA suspended atend of robot arm, away from payload bay, to test modificationsto their spacesuits to keep spacewalkers warmer in extremecold of space. Two astronauts were then scheduled to practicehandling approximately 2,500-pound (1,134-kilogram)SPARTAN to rehearse space station assembly techniques, butboth astronauts reported they were becoming very cold -- thisportion of the walk was performed during a night pass -- andmass handling was curtailed. This 29th Shuttle spacewalklasted 4 hours, 38 minutes. Harris was the first African-American to walk in space.

Other payloads included: Along with ODERACS-II, CryoSystem Experiment (CSE) and Shuttle Glow (GLO-2) payloads



were mounted on Hitchhiker support assembly in the cargobay; an IMAX camera was also located here. In middeck, SolidSurface Combustion Experiment (SSCE) flew for the eighthtime. The Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS) test required noonboard hardware.


http://www.usa.gov/





STS-63 Discovery (20)


Launch date: 03.02.1995 Launch time: 05:22 UT Launch site: Cape Canaveral (KSC) Launch pad: 39-B Altitude: 394 km Inclination: 51,6° Landing date: 11.02.1995 Landing time: 11:51 UT Landing site: Cape Canaveral (KSC)

http://www.spacefacts.de/maps/english/39-b.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/maps/english/ksc_landing.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/p_large/english/sts-63.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/p_large/english/sts-63_ford.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mir/p_large/shuttle-mir.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/p_large/english/sts-63_2.htm�


s

1 Wetherbee

James Donald "Wexbee"

CDR 3 8d 06h 28m 129

2 Collins Eileen Marie "MOM" PLT 1 8d 06h 28m 129

3 Harris Bernard Anthony, Jr. MS

P 2 8d 06h 28m 129

4 Foale Colin Michael MS

P 3 8d 06h 28m 129

5 Voss Janice Elaine MS

P 2 8d 06h 28m 129

6 Titov Vladimir Georgiyevich MS

P 3 8d 06h 28m 129


Launch 1 Wetherbee 2 Collins 3 Harris 4 Foale 5 Voss 6 Titov

Landing 1 Wetherbee 2 Collins 3 Voss 4 Foale 5 Harris 6 Titov

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/wetherbee_james.htm�



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/collins_eileen.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/harris_bernard.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/foale_michael.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/voss_janice.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/titov_vladimir.htm�













http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/large/english/sts-63.htm�

Backup Crew


6 Krikalyov Sergei

Konstantinovich MSP

Flight Launch from Cape Canaveral (KSC); landing on Cape Canaveral (KSC). Collins first female Shuttle-pilot; deploying of SPARTAN-204 platform and later retrieval; rendezvous-maneuver with MIR spacestation (11 m distance); several experiments in Spacehab-module; EVA by Harris and Foale on 09.02.1995 (4h 39m), to test modifications in their spacesuits (new thermal devices) and to gain experience in handling large masses in space (SPARTAN-satellite).

Photos / Drawings

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/krikalyov_sergei.htm�




http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/large/english/krikalyov_sergei.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/shuttle.htm�


http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/sts/large_launch/english/sts-63.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-63_mir.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-63_eva-harris-foale.htm�



Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

STS 67 was a US Shuttle spacecraft launched from CapeCanaveral. The main cargo on board was the Astro 2Spacelab that carried 3 UV telescopes.

Astro-2 was the second dedicated Spacelab mission toconduct astronomical observations in the ultraviolet spectralregions. It consisted of three unique instruments - the HopkinsUltraviolet Telescope (HUT), the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope(UIT) and the Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photo-PolarimeterExperiment (WUPPE). These experiments will select targetsfrom a list of over 600 and observed objects ranging fromsome inside the solar system to individual stars, nebulae,supernova remnants, galaxies and active extragalactic objects.These data will supplement data collected on the Astro-1mission flown on STS-35 in December 1990 aboard Columbia.

Because most ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by Earth'satmosphere, it cannot be studied from the ground. The far andextreme ultraviolet region of the spectrum was largelyunexplored before Astro-1, but knowledge of all wavelengths isessential to obtain an accurate picture of the universe. Astro-2will have almost twice the duration of its predecessor, and alaunch at a different time of year allows the telescopes to viewdifferent portions of the sky. The mission promises to fill inlarge gaps in astronomers' understanding of the universe andlay the foundations for more discovery in the future.

On the Middeck, science experiments included the ProteinCrystal Growth Thermal Enclosure System Vapor DiffusionApparatus-03 experiment (PCG-TES-03), the Protein CrystalGrowth Single Thermal Enclosure System-02 (PCG-STES-02),the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment-II (SAREX-II), theMiddeck Active Control Experiment (MACE), the CommercialMaterials Dispersion Apparatus Instrumentation TechnologyAssociates Experiments-03 (CMIX-03) and the MidcourseSpace Experiment (MSX).

The Middeck Active Control Experiment (MACE) was a spaceengineering research payload. It consisted of a rate gyro,reaction wheels, a precision pointing payload, and a scanningand pointing payload that produces motion disturbances. Thegoal of the experiment was to test a closed loop control systemthat will compensate for motion disturbances. On orbit,Commander Stephen S. Oswald and William G. Gregory usedMACE to test about 200 different motion disturbance situationsover 45 hours of testing during the mission. Information fromMACE will be used to design better control s ystems thatcompensate for motion in future spacecraft.

STS 67/Astro 2

NSSDC ID: 1995-007A

Alternate Names

23500

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Disciplines

Astronomy

Human Crew


Launch/Orbitalinformation for STS67/Astro 2

Experiments on STS67/Astro 2

Data collections from STS67/Astro 2



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


STS 67/Astro 2





http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=STS 67/Astro 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=STS 67/Astro 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=STS 67/Astro 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=STS 67/Astro 2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: STS 67/Astro 2 (1995-007A)











http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/spacecraft/sts-67.jpg



Two Get Away Special (GAS) payloads were also on board.They were the G-387 and G-388 canisters. This experimentwas sponsored by the Australian Space Office and AUSPACEltd. The objectives were to make ultraviolet observations ofdeep space or nearby galaxies. These observations will bemade to study the structure of galactic supernova remnants,the distribution of hot gas in the Magellanic Clouds, the hotgalactic halo emission, and emission associated with galacticcooling flows and jets. The two GAS canisters wereinterconnected with a cable. Canister 1 had a motorized doorassembly that exposes a UV telescope to space when opened.UV reflective filters on the telescopes optics determined its UVbandpass. Canister 2 contained two video recorders for datastorage and batteries to provide experiment power.


Astro 2

Other Sources of STS 67 Information/Data

STS 67 information (NASA KSC)STS 67 Press Release images (NASA JSC)


http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-67/mission-sts-67.html

http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/iams/html/pao/STS67.htm

http://www.usa.gov/





STS-67 Endeavour (8)


Launch date: 02.03.1995 Launch time: 06:38 UT Launch site: Cape Canaveral (KSC) Launch pad: 39-A Altitude: 346 km Inclination: 28,45° Landing date: 18.03.1995 Landing time: 21:47 UT Landing site: Edwards AFB

hi res version (1,01 MB)

http://www.spacefacts.de/maps/english/39-a.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/maps/english/edwards_22.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/photo_hi/sts-67.jpg�


http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/p_large/english/sts-67_rastro.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/groups/p_large/english/pay-14.htm�


s

1 Oswald Steven Scot CD

R 3 16d 15h 08m 262

2 Gregory William George "Borneo" PLT 1 16d 15h 08m 262

3 Grunsfeld John Mace MS

P 1 16d 15h 08m 262

4 Lawrence Wendy Barrien MS

P 1 16d 15h 08m 262

5 Jernigan Tamara Elizabeth

"Tammy" MSP 3 16d 15h 08m 262

6 Durrance Samuel Thornton PSP 2 16d 15h 08m 262

7 Parise Ronald Anthony PSP 2 16d 15h 08m 262


Launch 1 Oswald 2 Gregory 3 Grunsfeld 4 Lawrence 5 Jernigan 6 Durrance 7 Parise

Landing 1 Oswald 2 Gregory 3 Jernigan 4 Lawrence 5 Grunsfeld 6 Durrance 7 Parise

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/oswald_stephen.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/gregory_william.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/grunsfeld_john.htm�



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/lawrence_wendy.htm�



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/jernigan_tamara.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/durrance_samuel.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/parise_ronald.htm�
















Backup Crew


6 Vangen Scott

Duane PSP

7 Bartoe

John-David Francis

PSP

Flight Launch from Cape Canaveral (KSC); landing on Edwards AFB. Mission "ASTRO-2"; several astronomical observations and experiments (ultraviolet-astronomy); experiments in materials science; mission was extended one day due of bad weather and so this Shuttle-flight became the longest to date.

Photos / Drawings

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/vangen_scott.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/bartoe_john.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/large/astronauts/vangen_scott.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/large/astronauts/bartoe_john.htm�


http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-67_astro-2.htm�


http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-67_astro.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/sts/large_landing/english/sts-67.htm�



Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

STS 69 was an American shuttle spacecraft that was launchedfrom Cape Canaveral. Its main mission was to release andrecapture Spartan 201 and WSF 2. Leading the 5 person crewwas Mission Commander David M. Walker, making his fourthspace flight. The Pilot for the mission was Kenneth D. Cockrelland the 3 Mission Specialists were James S. Voss, JimNewman, and Michael L. Gernhardt. STS 69 marked thesecond flight of the Wake Shield Facility-2 (WSF-2), a 12-footdiameter, stainless steel disk deployed and retrieved using theShuttle robot arm. While the WSF flew free of the Shuttle, itgenerated an "ultra-vacuum" environment in space withinwhich to grow thin semiconductor films for next-generationadvanced electronics. The commercial applications for thesenew semiconductors include digital cellular telephones, high-speed transistors and processors, fiber optics, opto-electronicsand high-definition TV. The Spartan 201 free-flyer made itsthird flight aboard STS 69. It was a scientific research effortaimed at the investigation of the interaction between the sunand its outflowing wind of charged particles. Spartan's goalwas to study the outer atmosphere of the sun and its transitioninto the solar wind that constantly flows past the Earth. Thisflight of Spartan 201 was intended to coincide with thepassage of the Ulysses spacecraft over the sun's north polarregion. This was also the first flight of the InternationalUltraviolet Hitchhiker (IEH-1), the first of 5 planned flights tomeasure and monitor long-term variations in the magnitude ofabsolute extreme ultraviolet (EUV) flux coming from the sun,and to study EUV emissions from the plasma torus systemaround Jupiter originating from its moon Io.

Also flown aboard Endeavour was the combined CapillaryPumped Loop-2/Gas Bridge Assambly (CAPL-2/GBA) payload.This experiment consisted of the CAPL-2 Hitchhiker payloaddesigned as an in-orbit microgravity demonstration of a coolingsystem planned for the Earth Observing System Program andthe Thermal Energy Storage-2 payload, part of an effort todevelop advanced energy generation techniques. Also a partof this payload were several Get Away Special (GAS)experiments which investigated areas such as the interactionof spacecraft attitude and orbit control systems with spacecraftstructures, fluid-filled beams as structural dampers in spaceand the effects of smoldering combustion in a long-termmicrogravity environment.

STS 69 was the 9th flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour and the71st flight of the Space Transportation System.

STS 69

NSSDC ID: 1995-048A

Alternate Names

OV-105

23667

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Disciplines

Human Crew

Life Science

Microgravity



PDMP information forSTS 69

Telecommunicationsinformation for STS 69





Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data























STS-69 Endeavour (9)

USA


Launch date: 07.09.1995 Launch time: 15:09 UT Launch site: Cape Canaveral (KSC) Launch pad: 39-A Altitude: 305 km Inclination: 28,4° Landing date: 18.09.1995 Landing time: 11:37 UT Landing site: Cape Canaveral (KSC)

Crew

No. Surname Given name Job Flight No. Duration Orbits

1 Walker David Mathieson CDR 4 10d 20h 28m 171

2 Cockrell Kenneth Dale "Taco" PLT 2 10d 20h 28m 171



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/walker_david.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/cockrell_kenneth.htm�


http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/p_large/english/sts-69_dog.htm�



3 Voss James Shelton MSP 3 10d 20h 28m 171

4 Newman James Hansen MSP 2 10d 20h 28m 171

5 Gernhardt Michael Landon MSP 1 10d 20h 28m 171


Launch 1 Walker 2 Cockrell 3 Voss 4 Newman 5 Gernhardt

Landing 1 Walker 2 Cockrell 3 Gernhardt 4 Newman 5 Voss

Flight Launch from Cape Canaveral (KSC); landing on Cape Canaveral (KSC). Deploying of SPARTAN-201 research-platform and retrieval after two days of free flying; deploying of "Wake Shield Facility" (WSF-2) and retrieval after free flying; EVA by Voss and Gernhardt on 16.09.1995 (6h 46m) to test assembly techniques for the ISS.

Photos / Drawings

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/voss_james.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/newman_james.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/gernhardt_michael.htm�















http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/spartan_sts-69.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/wsf.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-69_gernhardt.htm�




Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

STS 70 was launched from Cape Canaveral into a 160 milecircular orbit above the Earth. On board was a five person crewconsisting of Commander Tom Hendricks, Pilot Kevin Kregeland Mission Specialists Donald Thomas, Nancy Currie andMary Ellen Weber. STS 70's prime objective was to deploy theTracking and Data Relay Satellite-G (TDRS-G), the last in theseries of a space-based satellite network that providedcommunications, tracking, telemetry, data acquisition andcommand services essential to Shuttle and low-Earth orbitalspacecraft missions. About 6 hours after launch, it wasreleased from Discovery's payload bay and boosted into ageostationary orbit.

The TDRS system is a space-based network that providescommunications, tracking, telemetry, data acquisition andcommand services essential to the Space Shuttle and otherlow-Earth orbital spacecraft such as the Hubble SpaceTelescope (HST), the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory(GRO), the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS),Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE), Extreme UltravioletExplorer (EUVE), TOPEX-Poseidon, Landsat and many more.TDRS-G will reside in geosynchronous orbit at 22,300 miles(35,888 kilometers) at 178 degrees West longitude. It was builtby TRW and weighs about 4,900 pounds.

The deploy operations utilize 3 separate control centers tomanage orbit operations. The White Sands ground station willcontrol the TDRS, the JSC Mission Control Center (MCC) willcontrol the shuttle, and the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS) controlcenter at Onizuka Air Force Base in Sunnyvale California willcontrol the boster stage. Deploy operations will begin six hoursinto the mission. Once deployed, the TDRS satellite has awingspan of 57 ft. TDRS-G will add to the complement ofsatellites already in orbit.

Secondary objectives of the mission were to fulfill therequirements of the Physiological and Anatomical RodentExperiment / National Institutes of Health-Rodents (PARE/NIH-R); Bioreactor Demonstration System (BDS), CommercialProtein Crystal Growth (CPCG); Space Tissue Loss/NationalInstitutes of Health-Cells (STL/NIH-C); Biological Research inCanisters (BRIC); Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment-II(SAREX-II), Visual Function Tester-4 (VFT-4); Hand-Held,Earth Oriented, Real-Time, Cooperative, User-Friendly,Location-Targeting and Environmental System (HERCULES);Microcapsules in Space-B (MIS-B); Windows Experiment(WINDEX); Radiation Monitoring Equipment-III (RME-III); andthe Military Applications of Ship Tracks (MAST).

STS 70

NSSDC ID: 1995-035A

Alternate Names

23612

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline

Human Crew







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


STS 70


















http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/spacecraft/sts-70.jpg



STS-70 marked the maiden flight of the new Block 1 orbitermain engine. Engine number 2036 features the new high-pressure liquid oxygen turbopump, a two-duct powerhead,baffleless main injector, single-coil heat exchanger and startsequence modifications. The modifications are designed toimprove both engine performance and safety. The Block Iengine will fly in the number one position on Discovery. Theother two engines are of the existing Phase II design.


TDRS-G

Other Sources of STS 70 Information/Data

STS 70 information (NASA KSC)STS 70 Press Release images (NASA JSC)


http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-70/mission-sts-70.html

http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/iams/html/pao/STS70.htm

http://www.usa.gov/





STS-70 Discovery (21)

USA






http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/p_large/english/sts-70_woody.htm�


Crew


1 Henricks Terence Thomas "Tom" CDR 3 8d 22h 20m 142

2 Kregel Kevin Richard PLT 1 8d 22h 20m 142

3 Thomas Donald Alan MSP 2 8d 22h 20m 142

4 Currie Nancy Jane Sherlock MSP 2 8d 22h 20m 142

5 Weber Mary Ellen MSP 1 8d 22h 20m 142


Launch 1 Henricks 2 Kregel 3 Thomas 4 Currie 5 Weber

Landing 1 Henricks 2 Kregel 3 Weber 4 Currie 5 Thomas

Flight Launch from Cape Canaveral (KSC); landing on Cape Canaveral (KSC). Deploying of communications-satellite TDRS-G; experiments in a military research program but also biological and several other secundary experiments; a Shuttle-window was damaged by a micrometeorite; mission was extended one day, becouse of bad weather on the landing site.

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/henricks_terence.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/kregel_kevin.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/thomas_donald.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/currie_nancy.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/weber_ellen.htm�












Photos / Drawings



http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-70_tdrs-g.htm�



Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

STS 71 was an American Shuttle that was launched from CapeCanaveral. It marked a number of historic firsts in humanspaceflight history: 100th U.S. human space launch conductedfrom Cape; first US Space Shuttle-Russian Space Station Mirdocking and joint on-orbit operations; the largest spacecraftever in orbit; and the first on-orbit changeout of a Shuttle crew.

Docking occurred at 9 a.m. EDT, June 29, using R-Bar orEarth radius vector approach, with Atlantis closing in on Mirfrom directly below. R-bar approach allowed natural forces tobrake orbiter's approach more than would occur alongstandard approach directly in front of space station; also, R-bar approach minimized the number of orbiter jet firingsneeded for approach. Manual phase of docking began withAtlantis about a half-mile below Mir, with Gibson at controls onaft flight deck. Stationkeeping performed when orbiter wasabout 250 feet from Mir, pending approval from Russian andU.S. flight directors to proceed. Gibson then maneuveredorbiter to a point at about 30 feet from Mir before beginningfinal approach to station. Closing rate was close to targeted0.1 feet per second and closing velocity was approximately0.107 feet per second at contact. Interface contact was nearlyflawless: less than one inch lateral misalignment and anangular misalignment of less than 0.5-degrees per axis.Docking occurred about 216 nautical miles above Lake Baykalregion of the Russian Federation. Orbiter Docking System(ODS) with Androgynous Peripheral Docking System served asactual connection point to a similar interface on the dockingport on Mir's Krystall module. ODS located in forward payloadbay of Atlantis, performed flawlessly during docking sequence.

When linked, Atlantis and Mir formed the largest spacecraftever in orbit, with a total mass of almost one-half millionpounds (about 225 tons) orbiting some 218 nautical milesabove the Earth. After hatches on each side opened, the STS-71 crew passed into Mir for welcoming ceremony. On thesame day, the Mir 18 crew officially transferred responsibilityfor the station to the Mir 19 crew, and the two crews switchedspacecraft.

For the next five days, about 100 hours total, joint U.S.-Russian operations were conducted, including biomedicalinvestigations, and transfer of equipment to and from Mir.Fifteen separate biomedical and scientific investigations wereconducted, using the Spacelab module installed in the aftportion of Atlantis' payload bay, and covering seven differentdisciplines: cardiovascular and pulmonary functions; humanmetabolism; neuroscience; hygiene, sanitation and radiation;behavioral performance and biology; fundamental biology; and

STS 71

NSSDC ID: 1995-030A

Alternate Names

23600

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline

Human Crew







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data





















microgravity research. The Mir 18 crew served as test subjectsfor the investigations. Three Mir 18 crew members also carriedout an intensive program of exercise and other measures toprepare for re-entry into the gravity environment after morethan three months in space.

Numerous medical samples as well as disks and cassetteswere transferred to Atlantis from Mir, including more than 100urine and saliva samples, about 30 blood samples, 20 surfacesamples, 12 air samples, several water samples andnumerous breath samples taken from the Mir 18 crewmembers. Also moved into the orbiter was a broken Salyut-5computer. Transferred to Mir were more than 1,000 pounds ofwater generated by the orbiter for waste system flushing andelectrolysis; specially designed spacewalking tools for use bythe Mir 19 crew during a spacewalk to repair a jammed solararray on the Spektr module; and transfer of oxygen andnitrogen from Shuttle's environmental control system to raiseair pressure on the station, requested by Russians to improvethe Mir consumables margin.

The spacecraft undocked on July 4, following a farewellceremony, with the Mir hatch closing at 3:32 p.m. EDT. July 3and the hatch on the Orbiter Docking System shut 16 minuteslater. Gibson compared the separation sequence to a "cosmic"ballet: Prior to Mir-Atlantis undocking, the Mir 19 crewtemporarily abandoned station, flying away from it in theirSoyuz spacecraft so they could record images of Atlantis andMir separating. Soyuz unlatched at 6:55 a.m. EDT, and Gibsonundocked Atlantis from Mir at 7:10 a.m. EDT.

Returning a crew of eight equaled the largest crew (STS-61A,October 1985) in Shuttle history. To ease their re-entry intogravity environment after more than 100 days in space, the Mir18 crew members Thagard, Dezhurov and Strekalov laysupine in custom-made recumbent seats installed prior tolanding in orbiter middeck.

Inflight problems included a glitch with the General PurposeComputer 4 (GPC 4), which was declared failed when it did notsynchronize with GPC 1; subsequent troubleshooting indicatedit was an isolated event, and GPC 4 operated satisfactorily forthe remainder of the mission.


http://www.usa.gov/





STS-71

Atlantis (14)

USA



Crew


1 Gibson Robert Lee "Hoot" CDR 5 9d 19h 22m 153

2 Precourt Charles Joseph PLT 2 9d 19h 22m 153



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/gibson_robert.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/precourt_charles.htm�




3 Baker Ellen Louise Shulman MSP 3 9d 19h 22m 153

4 Harbaugh Gregory Jordan MSP 3 9d 19h 22m 153

5 Dunbar Bonnie Jeanne MSP 4 9d 19h 22m 153

6 Soloviyov Anatoli Yakovlevich MSP 4 75d 11h 20m 1194

7 Budarin Nikolai Mikhailovich MSP 1 75d 11h 20m 1194


Launch 1 Gibson 2 Precourt 3 Baker 4 Harbaugh 5 Dunbar 6 Soloviyov 7 Budarin 8

Landing 1 Gibson 2 Precourt 3 Baker 4 Harbaugh 5 Dunbar 6 Strekalov 7 Dezhurov 8 Thagard

Backup Crew


6 Onufriyenko Yuri Ivanovich MSP

7 Poleshchuk Aleksandr Fyodorovich MSP

Flight Launch from Cape Canaveral (KSC); landing on Cape Canaveral (KSC). Primary payload "Spacelab-module"; first docking-maneuver between an U.S. and a Russian

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/baker_ellen.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/harbaugh_gregory.htm�



















http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/onufriyenko_yuri.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/poleshchuk_aleksandr.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/large/english/sts-71_2.htm�

spacecraft since 20 years; after docking Atlantis on MIR, the crews visited each other and performed joint research work in the Spacelab and in MIR; MIR resident crew exchanged; Soloviyov and Budarin became the 19th resident crew; both cosmonauts performed three EVA`s on 14.07.1995 (5h 34m), 19.07.1995 (3h 08m) and 21.07.1995 (5h 50m); the 18th resident crew (Dezhurov, Strekalov, Thagard) returned to Earth with STS-71; separation observed from also separated Soyuz spacecraft, after a 7 day-flight.

Note Soloviyov and Budarin landed on 11.09.1995 at 06:52 UT with Soyuz TM-21-spacecraft.

Photos / Drawings












http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-tm21.htm�




http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-71_mir.htm�



Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

STS 73 was a US shuttle flight launched from Cape Canaveral.The mission carried a spacelab to carry out microgravityexperiments related to fluid physics, material science, proteincrystals, and combustion science.

The second United States Microgravity Laboratory (USML-2)Spacelab mission was the prime payload on STS-73. The 16-day flight continued a cooperative effort of the U.S.government, universities and industry to push back thefrontiers of science and technology in "microgravity", the near-weightless environment of space.

Some of the experiments carried on the USML-2 payload weresuggested by the results of the first USML mission that flewaboard Columbia in 1992 during STS-50. The USML-1 missionprovided new insights into theoretical models of fluid physics,the role of gravity in combustion and flame spreading, andhow gravity affects the formation of semiconductor crystals.Data collected from several protein crystals grown on USML-1have enabled scientists to determine the molecular structuresof those proteins.

USML-2 built on that foundation. Technical knowledge gainedhad been incorporated into the mission plan to enhanceprocedures and operations. Where possible, experiment teamshad refined their hardware to increase scientific understandingof basic physical processes on Earth and in space, as well asto prepare for more advanced operations aboard theinternational Space Station and other future space programs.

USML-2 experiments included the Surface Tension DrivenConvection Experiment (STDCE), the Drop Physics Module,the Drop Dynamics Experiment; the Science and Technologyof Surface-Controlled Phenomena experiment; theGeophysical Fluid Flow Cell Experiment; the Crystal GrowthFurnace, the Orbital Processing of High Quality Cadmium ZincTelluride Compound Semiconductors experiment; the Study ofDopant Segregation Behavior During the Crystal Growth ofGallium Arsenide (GaAs) in Microgravity experiment; theCrystal Growth of Selected II-VI Semiconducting Alloys byDirectional Solidification experiment; the Vapor TransportCrystal Growth of Mercury Cadmium Tellurida in Microgravityexperiment; the Zeolite Crystal Growth Furnace (ZCG), theInterface Configuration Experiment (ICE), the OscillatoryThermocapillary Flow Experiment; the Fiber Supported DropletCombustion Experiment; the Particle Dispersion Experiment;the Single-Locker Protein Crystal Growth experiment;(including the Protein Crystallization Apparatus for Microgravity(PCAM) and the Diffusion-controlled Crystallization Apparatus

STS 73

NSSDC ID: 1995-056A

Alternate Names

23688

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline

Human Crew







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data





















for Microgravity (DCAM)). the Crystal Growth by Liquid-LiquidDiffusion, the Commercial Protein Crystal Growth experiment;the Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility, Crystallization ofApocrystacyanin C experiment; Crystal Structure Analysis ofthe Bacteriophage Lamda Lysozyme, Crystallization of RNAMolecules Under Microgravity Conditions experiment;Crystallization of the Protein Grb2 and Triclinic Lysozymeexperiment; Microgravity Crystallization of ThermophilicAspartyl-tRNA Synthetase and Thaumatin experiment;Crystallization in a Microgravity Environment of CcdBexperiment; A Multivariate Analysis of X-ray Diffraction DataObtained from Glutathione S Transferase experiment; ProteinCrystal Growth: Light-driven Charge Translocation ThroughBacteriorhodopsin experiment; Crystallization of Ribosomeexperiment; Crystallization of Sulfolobus Solfataricus AlcoholDehydrogenase experiment; Crystallization of Turnip YellowMosaic Virus, Tomato Aspermy Virus, Satellite PanicumMosaic Virus, Canavalin, Beef Liver Catalase, Concanavalin Bexperiment; Crystallization of the Epidermal Growth Factor(EGF); Structure of the Membrane-Embedded ProteinComplex Photosystem I; Crystallization of Visual PigmentRhodopsin; Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus;Astroculture Facility and Experiment. Spacelab GloveboxFacility experiments include the Zeolite Crystal GrowthGlovebox, Protein Crystal Growth Glovebox and the ColloidalDisorder-Order Transitions.

USML-2 flight controllers and experiment scientists directedscience activities from NASA's Spacelab Mission OperationsControl facility at the Marshall Space Flight Center. In addition,science teams at several NASA centers and universitiesmonitored and supported operations of a number ofexperiments.

Other payloads on board included the Orbital AccelerationResearch Experiment (OARE), Space AccelerationMeasurement System (SAMS), Three DimensionalMicrogravity Accelerometer (3DMA), Suppression of TransientAccelerations By Levitation Evaluation (STABLE) and theHigh-Packed Digital Television Technical Demonstrationsystem.


http://www.usa.gov/





STS-73 Columbia (18)

USA




s

1 Bowersox Kenneth Dwane "Sox" CD

R 3 15d 21h 53m 255

2 Rominger Kent Vernon PLT 1 15d 21h 53m 255



http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/bowersox_kenneth.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/rominger_kent.htm�


http://www.spacefacts.de/groups/p_large/english/pay-15.htm�


3 Coleman Catherine Grace

"Cady" MSP 1 15d 21h 53m 255

4 Lopez-Alegria Michael Eladio "LA" MS

P 1 15d 21h 53m 255

5 Thornton Kathryn Cordell Ryan MS

P 4 15d 21h 53m 255

6 Leslie Fred Weldon PSP 1 15d 21h 53m 255

7 Sacco Albert, Jr. "Al" PSP 1 15d 21h 53m 255


Launch 1 Bowersox 2 Rominger 3 Coleman 4 Lopez-Alegria 5 Thornton 6 Leslie 7 Sacco

Landing 1 Bowersox 2 Rominger 3 Thornton 4 Lopez-Alegria 5 Coleman 6 Leslie 7 Sacco

Backup Crew


6 Holt Ray Glynn PSP

7 Matthiesen David Henry PSP

Flight Launch from Cape Canaveral (KSC); landing on Cape Canaveral (KSC). Mission "United States Microlaboratory" (USML-2); various experiments in the areas of fluidphysics, materials science, biotechnology and the researchers found new insights into

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/coleman_catherine.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/lopez-alegris_michael.htm�


http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/thornton_kathryn.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/leslie_fred.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/sacco_albert.htm�















http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/holt_glynn.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/matthiesen_david.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/large/english/sts-73_2.htm�

the theoretical models of the role of gravity in combustion and flame spreading.

Photos / Drawings


http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-73_usml-2.htm�


http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-73_usml.htm�




Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

The STS 74 mission was the second of seven planned SpaceShuttle-Mir link-ups between 1995 and 1997, includingrendezvous and docking and crew transfer, which will pave theway toward the assembly of the International Space Stationbeginning in November 1997. Major objectives includeddocking with the Mir space station and delivery of a Russiandocking module and 2 solar arrays.

This mission marked the first time astronauts from theEuropean Space Agency (ESA), Canada, Russia and the USwere in space on the same complex at one time -- a primeexample of nations that will be represented on the ISS. Thecrew consisted of commander Kenneth Cameron, pilot JamesHalsell, mission specialists Jerry Ross, William McArthur andChris Hadfield.

Atlantis carried the Russian-built Docking Module, which hadmulti-mission androgynous docking mechanisms at top andbottom. During the flight of Mir, the crew used the Orbiter'sRemote Manipulator System robot arm to hoist the DockingModule from the payload bay and berth its bottom unit atopAtlantis' docking system. Atlantis then docked with Kristallusing the Docking Module.

Atlantis also delivered water, supplies, and equipment,including two new solar arrays (one Russian and one jointly-developed), to upgrade the Mir. It returned to Earth experimentsamples, equipment for repair and analysis, and productsmanufactured on the station.

Also flown was the GPP payload consisting of two experiments-- the GPP experiment and the Photogrammetric AppendageStructural Dynamics Experiment (PASDE), managed byGSFC's Special Payloads Division. The GPP studied theEarth's thermosphere, ionosphere and mesopshere energeticsand dynamics using broadband spectroscopy. It also interactedwith the atmosphere by observing Shuttle and Mir glow,Shuttle engine firings, water dumps and fuel cell purges. ThreePASDE cannisters, located throughout the cargo bay,photogrammetrically recorded structural response data of theMir solar array during the docked phase of the mission. Thesedata will be analyzed on the ground to verify the use ofphotogrammetric techniques to characterize the structuraldynamics of the array, thus demonstrating that this technologycan result in cost and risk reduction for the ISS on-orbitstructural verification.

STS 74

NSSDC ID: 1995-061A

Alternate Names

23714

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline

Human Crew







Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






















STS-74 Atlantis (15)

USA



Crew








1 Cameron Kenneth Donald CDR 3 8d 04h 31m 128

2 Halsell James Donald, Jr. PLT 2 8d 04h 31m 128

3 Hadfield Chris Austin MSP 1 8d 04h 31m 128

4 Ross Jerry Lynn MSP 5 8d 04h 31m 128

5 McArthur William Surles, Jr. "Bill" MSP 2 8d 04h 31m 128


Launch 1 Cameron 2 Halsell 3 Hadfield 4 Ross 5 McArthur

Landing 1 Cameron 2 Halsell 3 McArthur 4 Ross 5 Hadfield

Flight Launch from Cape Canaveral (KSC); landing on Cape Canaveral (KSC). Second docking on MIR spacestation; docking adapter was as payload in the cargo bay and was leaved on MIR; joint research work with 20th resident crew; after three days of common flight, separation and returning home.

Photos / Drawings

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/cameron_kenneth.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/halsell_james.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/international/english/hadfield_chris.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/ross_jerry.htm�

http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/mcarthur_william.htm�















http://www.spacefacts.de/graph/drawing/large/english/sts-74_docking-module.htm�




Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

SURFSAT was a test satellite for NASA's Deep SpaceNetwork. It was launched from Vandenberg AFB aboard aDelta rocket.

SURFSAT

NSSDC ID: 1995-059B

Alternate Names

23711

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-11-04Launch Vehicle: DeltaII 7920LaunchSite: Vandenberg AFB,United StatesMass: 55.0 kg

Funding Agency


Discipline

Engineering


Launch/Orbitalinformation for SURFSAT

Telecommunicationsinformation for SURFSAT

Experiments on SURFSAT

Data collections fromSURFSAT



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data








http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=SURFSAT

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=SURFSAT

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=SURFSAT

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: SURFSAT (1995-059B)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

TDRS-G was an American geostationary Tracking and DataRelay Satellite launched from the STS 70 shuttle mission. It willrelay data between spacecraft and between spacecraft andground stations in the F and Ku bands. The testing will bedone for about 6 months while the TDRS is parked on 150 degW longitude and moved to another longitude (probably 171 W)based on test results.

TDRS-G

NSSDC ID: 1995-035B

Alternate Names

TDRS 7

Tracking and Data RelaySatellite 7

23613

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-07-13LaunchVehicle: ShuttleLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 2108.0 kgNominalPower: 1700.0 W

Funding Agency

NASA-Office of Trackingand Data Acquisition(United States)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for TDRS-G

Experiments on TDRS-G

Data collections fromTDRS-G



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


TDRS-G




http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=TDRS-G

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=TDRS-G

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=TDRS-G

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: TDRS-G (1995-035B)











http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/spacecraft/tdrsg.jpg



Personnel



NSSDC TDRS pageSTS 70

Other Sources of TDRS Information/Data

TDRS program


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/multi/tdrs.html

http://esc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space-communications/tdrs.html

http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

TELECOM 2C was a French geostationary militarycommunications spacecraft launched by an Ariane rocket fromthe Kourou Space Center in French Guiana. It will operatewhat is called the Syracuse II system on the 7-8 GHz band,after parking at 3 deg E longitude.

TELECOM 2C

NSSDC ID: 1995-067A

Alternate Names

23730

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

France Telecom (France)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for TELECOM2C

Experiments on TELECOM2C

Data collections fromTELECOM 2C



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=TELECOM 2C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=TELECOM 2C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=TELECOM 2C

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=TELECOM 2C

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: TELECOM 2C (1995-067A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Telstar 402-R was an AT+T geostationary spacecraft launchedby an Ariane rocket. The 6.4kW spacecraft replaced the failed402 spacecraft launched in 1994 and provided 48 channels ofdirect television and telecommunications to the continental USfor the next 13 years, after reaching the parking longitude of 89deg W.

Telstar 402-R

NSSDC ID: 1995-049A

Alternate Names

23670

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

American Telephone andTelegraph Company(United States)

Discipline

Communications


Launch/Orbitalinformation for Telstar402-R

Experiments on Telstar402-R

Data collections fromTelstar 402-R



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Telstar 402-R

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Telstar 402-R

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Telstar 402-R

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Telstar 402-R

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Telstar 402-R (1995-049A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

Tsikada, a Russian maritime navigational spacecraft, waslaunched by a Cosmos-3M rocket from the PlesetskCosmodrome.

Tsikada

NSSDC ID: 1995-002A

Alternate Names

23463

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (U.S.S.R)

Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for Tsikada

Experiments on Tsikada

Data collections fromTsikada



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=Tsikada

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Tsikada

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=Tsikada

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: Tsikada (1995-002A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

UFO 4 (UHF Follow On 4) was a US Navy satellite launched toreplace the FLTSATCOM and Leasat spacecraft currentlysupporting the Navy's global communications network, servingships at sea and a variety of other US military fixed and mobileterminals. It was compatible with ground- and sea-basedterminals already in service.

The UHF F/O satellites offered increased communicationschannel capacity over the same frequency spectrum used byprevious systems. Each spacecraft had 11 solid-state UHFamplifiers and 39 UHF channels with a total of 555 kHzbandwidth. The UHF payload compressed 21 narrow bandchannels at 5 kHz each and 17 relay channels at 25 kHz. Incomparison, FLTSATCOM offered 22 channels. The F-1through F-7 spacecraft included an SHF (super high frequency)subsystem, which provided command and ranging capabilitieswhen the satellite was on station as well as the secure uplinkfor Fleet Broadcast service, which was downlinked at UHF.

Each satellite measured more than 60 feet long from the tip ofone three-panel solar array wing to the tip of the other. Thesearrays generated a combined 2500 watts of electrical power onthe first three satellites, 2800 watts for F-4 through F-7, and3800 watts for F-8 through F-10 with GBS. The arrays werefolded against the spacecraft bus for launch, forming a cuberoughly 11 feet per side.

UFO 4

NSSDC ID: 1995-003A

Alternate Names

USA 108

UHF Follow On 4

23467

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Department of Defense-Department of the Navy(United States)

Disciplines

Communications



Launch/Orbitalinformation for UFO 4

Experiments on UFO 4

Data collections from UFO4



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=UFO 4

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=UFO 4


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: UFO 4 (1995-003A)











http://www.usa.gov/






Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

UFO 5 (UHF Follow On 5) was a US Navy satellite launched toreplace the FLTSATCOM and Leasat spacecraft currentlysopporting the Navy's global communications network, servingships at sea and a variety of other US military fixed and mobileterminals. It was compatible with ground- and sea-basedterminals already in service.

The UHF F/O satellites offered increased communicationschannel capacity over the same frequency spectrum used byprevious systems. Each spacecraft had 11 solid-state UHFamplifiers and 39 UHF channels with a total of 555 kHzbandwidth. The UHF payload compresed 21 narrow bandchannels at 5 kHz each and 17 relay channels at 25 kHz. Incomparison, FLTSATCOM offered 22 channels. The F-1through F-7 spacecraft included an SHF (super high frequency)subsystem, which provided command and ranging capabilitieswhen the satellite was on station as well as the secure uplinkfor Fleet Broadcast service, which was downlinked at UHF.


UFO 5

NSSDC ID: 1995-027A

Alternate Names

UHF Follow On 5

USA 111

23589

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Disciplines

Communications








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data




















http://www.usa.gov/






Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

UFO 6 (UHF Follow On 6) was a US Navy satellite launched toreplace the FLTSATCOM and Leasat spacecraft currentlysopporting the Navy's global communications network, servingships at sea and a variety of other US military fixed and mobileterminals. It was compatible with ground- and sea-basedterminals already in service.

The UHF F/O satellites offered increased communicationschannel capacity over the same frequency spectrum used byprevious systems. Each spacecraft had 11 solid-state UHFamplifiers and 39 UHF channels with a total of 555 kHzbandwidth. The UHF payload compresed 21 narrow bandchannels at 5 kHz each and 17 relay channels at 25 kHz. Incomparison, FLTSATCOM offered 22 channels. The F-1through F-7 spacecraft included an SHF (super high frequency)subsystem, which provided command and ranging capabilitieswhen the satellite was on station as well as the secure uplinkfor Fleet Broadcast service, which was downlinked at UHF.


UFO 6

NSSDC ID: 1995-057A

Alternate Names

UHF Follow On 6

USA 114

23696

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Disciplines

Communications








Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data




















http://www.usa.gov/






Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

UPM/LBSAT was a Spanish experimental spacecraft weighing47-kg launched by an Ariane rocket from the Kourou SpaceCenter in French Guiana. It was used to testtelecommunications capability.

UPM/LBSAT

NSSDC ID: 1995-033C

Alternate Names

23607

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency

Unknown (Spain)

Disciplines

Communications

Engineering


Launch/Orbitalinformation forUPM/LBSAT

Experiments onUPM/LBSAT

Data collections fromUPM/LBSAT



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data







http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=UPM/LBSAT

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=UPM/LBSAT

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=UPM/LBSAT

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=UPM/LBSAT

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: UPM/LBSAT (1995-033C)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

USA 110 was an American military spacecraft launched by aTitan-4 rocket from Cape Canaveral AFB.

USA 110

NSSDC ID: 1995-022A

Alternate Names

23567

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-05-14Launch Vehicle: TitanIVLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United States

Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for USA 110

Experiments on USA 110

Data collections from USA110



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=USA 110

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=USA 110


mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: USA 110 (1995-022A)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

USA 112 was an American military spacecraft.

USA 112

NSSDC ID: 1995-034A

Alternate Names

Trumpet 2

23609

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-07-10Launch Vehicle: TitanIVLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United States

Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for USA 112

Experiments on USA 112

Data collections from USA112



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=USA 112














http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

WSF 2, also known as Wake Shield Facility 2, was anAmerican spacecraft that was released from STS 69. Thewake region behind the disk-shaped, 1,935-kg spacecraftwould have been even more vacuous than the ambient regionand could have enabled growth of slimmer thin-filmsemiconductors through molecular beam epitaxy techniqueduring a planned two-day mission. The experiment had to beterminated and the spacecraft retrieved sooner than wasplanned because of overheating problems. The results of theexperiment were unavailable.

WSF 2

NSSDC ID: 1995-048C

Alternate Names

Wake Shield Facility 2

23669

Facts in Brief


Funding Agency


Discipline



Launch/Orbitalinformation for WSF 2

Experiments on WSF 2

Data collections from WSF2



Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data






http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=WSF 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=WSF 2

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=WSF 2

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: WSF 2 (1995-048C)











http://www.usa.gov/







Friday, 27 May 2011

Description

The X-Ray Timing Explorer (XTE) mission has the primaryobjective to study the temporal and broad-band spectralphenomena associated with stellar and galactic systemscontaining compact objects in the energy range 2--200 KeV,and in time scales from microseconds to years. The scientificinstruments consists of two pointed instruments, theProportional Counter Array (PCA) and the High-Energy X-rayTiming Experiment (HEXTE), and the All Sky Monitor (ASM),which scans over 70% of the sky each orbit. All of the XTEobserving time will be available to the international scientificcommunity through a peer review of submitted proposals. XTEuses a new spacecraft design that allows flexible operationsthrough rapid pointing, high data rates, and nearly continuousreceipt of data at the Science Operations Center at GoddardSpace Flight Center via a Multiple Access link to the Trackingand Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). XTE is highlymaneuverable with a slew rate of greater than 6 degrees perminute. The PCA/HEXTE can be pointed anywhere in the skyto an accuracy of less than 0.1 degree, with an aspectknowledge of around 1 arc-minute. Rotatable solar panelsenable anti-sunward pointing to coordinate with ground-basednight-time observations. Two pointable high gain antennasmaintain nearly continuous communication with the TDRSS.This, together with 1 GB (approximately four orbits) of on-board solid-state data storage, give added flexibility inscheduling observations.

X-Ray Timing Explorer

NSSDC ID: 1995-074A

Alternate Names

Explorer 69

RXTE

Rossi X-Ray TimingExplorer

XTE

23757

Facts in Brief

Launch Date: 1995-12-30Launch Vehicle: DeltaII 7920Launch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 3200.0 kgNominalPower: 800.0 W

Funding Agency


Discipline

Astronomy


Launch/Orbitalinformation for X-RayTiming Explorer

PDMP information for X-Ray Timing Explorer

Telecommunicationsinformation for X-RayTiming Explorer

Experiments on X-RayTiming Explorer

Data collections from X-


Spacecraft

Experiments

Data Collections

Personnel

Publications

Maps

New/Updated Data


X-Ray Timing Explorer










http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=X-Ray Timing Explorer

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentSearch.do?spacecraft=X-Ray Timing Explorer

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=X-Ray Timing Explorer









http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/spacecraft/xte_ksc.gif



Ray Timing Explorer


Personnel


Dr. LlewellynW. Nicholson

MissionManager


Mr. Dale F.Schulz

ProjectManager


[email protected]

Mr. WilliamD. Davis

MissionManager


[email protected]

Dr. RichardE. Rothschild

MissionPrincipalInvestigator

University of California,San Diego

Dr. JohnLintott

ProgramManager


Dr. Louis J.Kaluzienski

ProgramScientist

NASA Headquarters

Dr. Jean H.Swank

ProjectScientist


[email protected]

Dr. Hale V.Bradt

MissionPrincipalInvestigator

MassachusettsInstitute of Technology

[email protected]

Mr. James B.Joyce

MissionOperationsManager


[email protected]

Mr. James S.Barrowman

ProjectManager


[email protected]

US Active Archive for XTE Information/Data

The RXTE Archive at HEASARC

Other Sources of XTE Information/Data

MIT All Sky Monitor team pageUCSD High Energy X-ray Timing Experiment (HEXTE) team pageGSFC Proportional Counter Array (PCA) Team


http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/datasetSearch.do?spacecraft=X-Ray Timing Explorer

mailto:[email protected]?Subject=NMC Comment/Question: X-Ray Timing Explorer (1995-074A)



http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/xte/xhp_archive.html

http://xte.mit.edu/

http://mamacass.ucsd.edu:8080/hexte/hexte.html

http://lheawww.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/xray/xte/pca/

http://www.usa.gov/





NASA - NSSDC - Master Catalog - Spacecraft Query · 2011. 7. 29. · NASA . NASA - NSSDC -...

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