NANOROBOTICS

PRESENTED BY :ASHRAFUL HODA

ashraful.hoda01@mail.com

Presentation Overview• Nanotechnology • Introduction to Robotics• Nanorobotics• Approaches• Applications of Nanorobots• Fractal Robots• Conclusion

Nanotechnology• Nanotechnology is the engineering of

functional systems at the molecular scale.

• More simply, building things one atom or molecule at a time with programmed nanoscopic robot arms.

• A nanometer is one billionth of a meter (3 - 4 atoms wide).

Introduction to robotics• Robotics is the branch

of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, development and application of robots and computer systems for their control, and information processing. 

• These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans

What is a Robot?• A robot is a mechanical or

virtual artificial agent, usually an electro-mechanical machine that is guided by a computer program or electronic circuitry. 

• They range from small, miniature machines, to large crane size constructions.

Introduction to Nanorobotics• The technology of creating machines or

robots at or close to the microscopic scale of a nanometer (10−9 meters).

• A robot that allows precision interactions with nanoscale objects, or can manipulate with nanoscale resolution.

Researches done• Largely in the research-and-

development phase (Target year 2050).

• Some primitive molecular machines have been tested.

Theory behind Nanobots• As robots can perform

certain functions that humans cannot, thus why not have a microscopic robot performing microscopic tasks?

• Necessary for very large numbers of them to work together to perform microscopic and macroscopic tasks.

Features of Nanorobots• Nanorobots can be categorized into

two groups called autonomous & insect robots.

• A major asset of nanorobots is that they require very little energy to operate.

• Durability is another potential asset, may remain operational for years.

• High speed is also a significant consideration.

Approaches• Biochip• Nubot• Bacteria based• Organic• Inorganic

Biochip• Microarray, the dense,

two-dimensional grid of biosensors, is the critical component of a biochip platform

• Microarrays can be used for DNA, protein, chemical compound and antibody analysis

Nubot• Also known as “DNA

machine”.• A DNA machine is a

molecular machine constructed from DNA.

• Similar double helix structure like the DNA strands.

Bacteria based• Uses a flagellum for

propulsion purposes.• Use similar mechanisms

as the biological microorganisms.

Application of Nanobots• Medical technology,

where they might be used to identify cancer cells and destroy them.

• Detection of toxic chemicals and the measurement of concentrations in the environment.

• For Space Application.

Nanorobots in medicine• It’s structure will have two spaces

consisting of interior and exterior.• They will communicate with doctor by

encoding messages to acoustic signals.• Technological advancements such as

bionic motors, DNA as computer, & nano robotics arms.

• Leonard Adleman confirmed that DNA is programmable in computers.

Nanorobots can be used in blood cell to detect pathogens.

Nanobot in medicine• Early diagnosis and targeted

drug delivery for cancer, biomedical instrumentation, surgery, etc.

• Employ nanobots injected into the patient to perform treatment on a cellular level.

• Improve the presence of drug molecules where they are needed in the body.

Removal of Cancer

Fractal Robots• Fractal robot is a new kind of robot made

from motorized cubic bricks that move under computer control.

• These cubic motorized bricks can be programmed to move and shuffle themselves to change shape to make objects likes a house potentially in a few seconds because of their motorized internal mechanisms.

Fractal Robot Example

• Example of a Dog shaped fractal robot changing into a couch.

SELF-REPAIR IN FRACTAL ROBOTS.• Self repair is an important

breakthrough for realizing micro and nanotechnology related end goals.

• Three different kinds of self repair

-Cube replacement -Usage of plates to construct

the cubes. -Using smaller fractal

machines to affect self repair inside large cubes.

Walking fractal robot performing self repair

Advantages of inorganic nanobots• Well-understood

component behavior.• Easy to program.• Ease of external

control.• Unlimited chemistry

(with enough energy).

Disadvantages of inorganic nanobots• Difficult and expensive to make

self-reproducing. • Difficulty of communicating with

organic systems must carry own (limited) payload.

Advantages of organic nanobots• Easy to make using

genetic engineering. • Self-reproducing

(cheap).• Easily communicate

with other organic systems.

• Protein factories manufacture payload.

Disadvantages of organic nanobots• Poorly understood

component behavior (proteins).

• Hard to program.• Limited external

control mechanisms.• Limited to CHON

chemistry and needs water.

Conclusions• All of the current developments in

technology directs human a step closer to nanorobots production.

• Nanorobots can theoretically destroy all common diseases of the 20th century, thereby ending much of the pain and suffering.

• Although research into nanorobots is in its preliminary stages, the promise of such technology is endless.

THANKS

Any Questions?