Nanoparticles in biomedical imaging 1

Nanoparticles in Biomedical ImagingBy: Patrick Keyser, Charlie West, Zoë Sawyer

Hydrodynamic diameter (HD) ranges for nano-scale materials useful for biomedical imaging (top row) and naturally-occurring materials (bottom row).

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3017480/figure/F1/

Because of their large size compared to small molecules, and their multi-functionality, nanoparticles (NPs) hold promise as biomedical imaging, diagnostic, and theragnostic agents. However, the key to their success hinges on a detailed understanding of their behavior after administration into the body.

Because of their strong magnetic properties, the SPIO nanoparticles can help overcome the poor sensitivity of current contrast agents by generating higher contrast between the target and the background. Thus SPIO nanoparticles are a great contrast agent.

http://legacy.jyi.org/features/ft.php?id=750

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have been used extensively in MRI’s because of their ability to shorten the T2 relaxation times in liver, spleen, and bone marrow. This allows the hydrogen protons to move closer to the magnet, which is connected to an advanced super computer to create a better image.

http://med.brown.edu/pedisurg/Brown/IBImages/Spleen/SplLymph2.html

Up Next are a Few Different Kind of Nanoparticles Used Today in Imaging

Purpose: diagnostic immunoassay, gene transfection, biomolecule separation, cell separation, enzyme immobilization, drug delivery, Biomedical imaging

The surface of the supperparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles is covalently functionalized with rich primary aliphatic amine groups, and can be used for further functionalization.

Amine Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles

http://www.gignano.com/products/magnetic-nanoparticles/functionalized-magnetic-nanoparticles/amino-group-functionalized-magnetic-nanoparticles/

Carboxyl Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles

The surface of the supperparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle is covalently functionalized with rich carboxyl groups, and can be used for further functionalization.



Epoxy Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles

The surface of the supperparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle is covalently functionalized with rich epoxy groups, and can be used for further functionalization.


IDA Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles

The surface of the supperparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle is covalently functionalized with rich IDA groups, and can be chelated to metal ions.

Purpose: biomolecule separation, cell separation, enzyme immobilization, heavy metal wastewater treatment, drug delivery, Biomedical imaging


Magnet Nanoparticles

• Today many nanoparticles that exibit metalic properties are used in MRI and different types of imaging.

• Other types of nanoparticles today are used to conduct selective enrichment of different molecules in our body that researchers need to advance our technology.

• The big target today for nanoparticles is drug delivery, and using nanoparticles to help cancer research. Water-insoluble anticancer drugs were delivered into human cancer cells; surface conjugation with cancer-specific targeting agents increased the uptake into cancer cells relative to that in non-cancerous fibroblasts. The highly versatile multifunctional nanoparticles could potentially be used for simultaneous imaging and therapeutic applications.

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nn800072t

Because of the low abundance of phosphopeptides/glycopeptides, specific and sensitive strategies are especially indispensable for the identification of protein phosphorylation and glycosylation by mass spectrometry (MS). However, most of those previously reported methods only focused on enriching either phosphopeptides or glycopeptides rather than enriching both of them. In the present study, amine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized in a one-pot procedure and successfully used for selective enrichment of both phosphopeptides and glycopeptides.

Use of all these nanoparticles


Works Cited

"Magnetic Nanoparticles." GiGNano Biointerface. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2013.

"The Journal of Young Investigators: An Undergraduate, Peer-Reviewed Science Journal." JYI.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2013.

"Multifunctional Inorganic Nanoparticles for Imaging, Targeting, and Drug Delivery." - ACS Nano (ACS Publications). N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2013.

The EndFUN STUFF!!!!!

Nanoparticles in biomedical imaging 1

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