Nano Watt fueling from Microbial fuel Cell using Black tea waste
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Transcript of Nano Watt fueling from Microbial fuel Cell using Black tea waste
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Let there be light of knowledge!!
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“NANO-WATT FUELING FROM A
MICRO-SCALE MICROBIAL FUEL
CELL USING BLACK TEA WASTE”
By Aman AnandElectrical & Electronics Engineering, DSCE
8thsem
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423-2-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
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1) Perquisitesa) Electrochemical cellb) Fuel cells
2) Microbial Fuel cell (MFC)a) Definition, meaning & Principleb) Basic Designc) Components & Working
3) Types of MFC4) Applications of MFC5) Advantages & limitations6) Future & facts
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Outline
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623-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Perquisites
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723-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Electrochemical cell
A simple voltaic cell
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“ A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent ”
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
What are fuel cells ?
Fuel
Fuel cell
Energy
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923-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Hydrogen fuel cell - Famous
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1023-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Applications of Hydrogen fuel cell
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1123-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Microbial fuel cells(MFCs)
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MFCs are still taking baby steps.
If Fuel cells are new technology for us then MFCs are newest.
A very few people are working on it.
Knowledge of Microbiology, Electricity, Biochemistry, Material science, Environmental Engineering, etc. required to understand & improve this technology.
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Facts
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“ A microbial fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy by the catalytic reaction of microorganisms. ”
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Definition
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“ A microbial fuel cell (MFC) or biological fuel cell is a bio-electrochemical system that drives a current by mimicking bacterial interactions found in nature. ”
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Meaning
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“ MFCs are bioelectrical devices that harness the natural metabolisms of microbes to produce electrical power directly from organic material. ”
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Principle
Why we eat food ? To produce energy , gain
vitamin , protein etc. This is our metabolism
Microbes exactly do the same, they eat organic material then produce energy for themselves.
This is the metabolism of microbe.
But some of microbes (bacteria) liberate electrons during their metabolic activity.
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1623-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Primary Flow diagram
FuelMicrobial Fuel Cell
Energy
Glucose(Organic material)
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1723-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Basic Design
Oxygen Poor
Oxygen Rich
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3 main components
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Uses bioelectrochemically active bacteria to transfer electrons to electrode.
They have electrochemically active redox enzymes like cytochromes on outer membrane that helps in electron transfer.
Form a biofilm on the anode surface & transfer electrons directly by conductance to anode.
Shewanella Putrefaciens & Aeromonas Hydrophila are some examples of bioelectrochemically active bacteria used.
Performance Enhancement of MFC
MEDIATOR LESS MFC
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23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
BACTERIA FOUND IN BLACK TEA
Bacillus Megaterium
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Geobacteraceae Desulfuromonas Alcaligenes faecalis Enterococcus faeciumPseudomonas aeruginosaBacteroides and Aeromonas species were detected in the before-mentioned studies
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
ISSUE:WHICH MICROORGANISM TO BE USED?
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2223-2-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
GRAPH:
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Bacteria form a community on anode called BIOFILM. Biofilm produce a matrix that stick to the anode. Sticky matrix consists of extracellular proteins, sugars, and bacterial cells, tiny conductive nanowires that may help facilitate electron conduction.
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
ISSUE:HOW TO STICK BACTERIA TO ANODE?
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Anodic Reaction (Oxidation)◦ EX-1 : CH3COO - + 2H2O 2CO2 + 7H+ + 8e-
(Acetic acid ion)
◦ EX-2 : C6H12O6 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 24H+ + 24e-
(glucose)
Cathodic Reaction (Reduction)◦ EX-1 : O2 + 4H+ + 4e- 2H2O
◦ EX-2 : 6O2 + 24H+ + 24e- 12H2O
Tea structure
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Redox Reactions invovled
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Various things like glucose, acetate etc.
Can be Obtained from Wastewater & solid waste especially domestic like tea, food particles and other wastes .
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Organic material as fuel
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2623-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Various Microbes used in MFCs
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2723-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Other types based on Constructional features
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2823-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
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2923-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Continuous MFCs
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3023-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Some Application Based on MFC
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Treatment of Wastewater & solid wastes
◦ BOD removal
Electrical Power Generation
Bio-hydrogen
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Applications
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3223-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
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Wider variety of applications over conventional fuel cells.
Can be used to solve Environmental Problems Wastewater treatment & power generation at a same
time. Good alternative to Conventional Power Generation
Systems.
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Advantages
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Limit on surface area of anode as bacteria can clog small pores and hence limit on current.
Still not economically competitive.
Power produced way below when compared with conventional cells.
Very slow performance in wastewater treatment.
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Limitations
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Future
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01/05/2023 11:46 PM 36
We have presented a very simple miniature air-cathode MFC design that we have used to evaluate the use of tea as alternative fuel for MFCs.
Nevertheless this simple curiosity driven experiment gave us the preliminary results to assertively say that energy could be efficiently extracted from the reuse of waste resources such the collection of our afternoon-tea’s leftovers.
Composed by : Aman Anand
CONCLUSION:
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IEEE Paper-IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology July 27-30, 2015, Rome, Italy
B. E. Logan, B. Hamelers, R. Rozendal, U. Schroder, J. Keller, S.Freguia, et al., "Microbial fuel cells: methodology and technology,"Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 40, pp. 5181-5192, 2006.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_fuel_cell
http://www.altenergy.org/renewables/what-are-microbial-fuel-cells.html
http://www.research.psu.edu/capabilities/documents/MFC_QandA.pdf
http://www.altenergy.org/renewables/what-are-microbial-fuel-cells.html
23-2-2015Composed by : Aman Anand
REFERENCES:
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“Love your Environment”, only way to save it
23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand
Thank you…
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23-02-2016Composed by : Aman Anand 39
ANY Queries ??
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Aman Anand1DS12EE011