Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine...
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![Page 1: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Naming muscles according
to their action
Sanjaya Adikari
Department of Anatomy
Faculty of Medicine
Peradeniya
![Page 2: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Origin and insertion
• Origin – Proximal attachment where there is less movement
• Insertion – Distal attachment where there is greater movement
• Use the terms, proximal/ distal attachment to avoid confusions
![Page 3: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Prime mover & antagonist
• Prime mover is the muscle that does the desired
movement at a joint
• Antagonist is the muscle that has the action
opposite to that of prime mover
• Eg:- Flexion of the elbow joint
– Biceps brachii is a prime mover
– Triceps is the antagonist
![Page 4: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Prime mover & antagonist…
![Page 5: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Synergist
• Synergist assists the prime mover by preventing
unwanted movements at other joints
• Eg:- Flexion of the fingers
– Flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis are
the prime movers
– Extensor muscles of the wrist joint are the
synergists
![Page 6: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Synergists…
![Page 7: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Synergists…
• Eg:- Supination of the pronated forearm
Biceps brachii and spinator are the prime movers
Triceps acts as a synergists of biceps to prevent
flexion of the elbow joint
![Page 8: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Synergists…
• Eg:- Flexion of the elbow joint
Biceps brachii is a prime mover
Posterior fibres of deltoid acts as a synergist to
prevent extension of the shoulder joint
![Page 9: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Fixators• Fixators stabilize one
attachment of a muscle so that the contraction moves the other end
• Eg:- Abduction of the shoulder joint
– Deltoid is the prime mover
– Levator scapulae, rhomboids and trapezius are fixators
![Page 10: Naming muscles according to their action Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Peradeniya.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649ccf5503460f9499b476/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Fixators…
• Eg:- Abduction of the little finger
– Abductor digiti minimi is the prime mover
– Flexor carpi ulnaris acts as a fixator of pisiform bone