Naming Binary Naming Binary CompoundsCompounds

CHEMICAL FORMULASCHEMICAL FORMULAS Chemical Formula- Chemical Formula- represents a represents a

compound which includes the symbols compound which includes the symbols and numbers of atomsand numbers of atoms

SubscriptSubscript: a number in a chemical : a number in a chemical formula that shows the number of a type formula that shows the number of a type of atomof atom

• • i. e. i. e. HH2200

BINARY COMPOUNDSBINARY COMPOUNDS

“ “Binary” means only 2 elementsBinary” means only 2 elements

IonsIons CationsCationsPositively Charged Positively Charged

AtomsAtoms

i.e.i.e. NaNa++

AnionsAnions

Negatively Charged Negatively Charged AtomsAtoms

i.e.i.e. ClCl--

IONIC CHARGESIONIC CHARGES Group I >Group I > 1+1+

Group II > Group II > 2+2+

Group III > Group III > 3+3+

Group IV > Group IV > 4+4+

IONIC CHARGESIONIC CHARGES Group V >Group V > 3-3-

Group VI >Group VI > 2-2-

Group VII >Group VII > 1-1-

Group VIII >Group VIII > Noble GasesNoble Gases

Ionic CompoundsIonic Compounds• • composed of positive andcomposed of positive and

negative ions.negative ions.

• • usually formed from a metal and usually formed from a metal and non-metal.non-metal.

• • these elements these elements areare notnot attached attached

to one another.to one another.

• • Examples of Ionic CompoundsExamples of Ionic Compounds

NaClNaCl

CaBrCaBr22

KIKI

A formula needs to be written in A formula needs to be written in the lowest whole number ratio.the lowest whole number ratio.

i.e.i.e. NaNa22ClCl22 > > NaClNaCl

FOR IONIC BONDS:

Covalent CompoundsCovalent Compounds

Covalent CompoundsCovalent Compounds

• • molecules in which molecules in which elements elements shareshare electronselectrons..

• • usually composed of 2 usually composed of 2 nonmetals. nonmetals.

• • these elements these elements areare attached attached

TYPES OF TYPES OF COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Covalent CompoundsCovalent Compounds

••ExamplesExamples

CSCS22

SiOSiO22

BFBF33

Naming Binary Naming Binary Covalent CompoundsCovalent Compounds

Prefixes are used to show how Prefixes are used to show how many atoms are present in each many atoms are present in each molecule.molecule.

Mono=1, di=2, tri=3, tetra=4, Mono=1, di=2, tri=3, tetra=4, penta=5, hexa=6, hepta=7, penta=5, hexa=6, hepta=7, octa=8, nona=9, deca=10octa=8, nona=9, deca=10

What word comes First in Covalent

Rule 1. (LEFT TO RIGHT) The element with the lower group number is written first in the name; the element with the higher group number is written second in the name.

– Exception: when the compound contains oxygen and a halogen, the name of the halogen is the first word in the name.

Rule 2. (BOTTOM TO TOP) If both elements are in the same group, the element with the higher period number is written first in the name.

NAMING BINARY COMPOUNDS

Step 1: Determine if Ionic or Covalent

1st Word = Cation 2nd Word = Anion

Element Name Element Name + “ide”

1st Word 2nd Word

Prefix + Element Name Prefix + Element Name + “ide”

IF IONIC:

IF COVALENT:

EXCEPTION:Mono not used on 1st Word

PRACTICE

NaBrNaBr

MgFMgF22

Sodium Sodium BromideBromide

Magnesium Magnesium FluorideFluoride

Writing Binary Writing Binary CompoundsCompounds

Potassium Potassium ChlorChlorideide

Aluminum Aluminum OxOxideide

KClKCl

AlAl22OO33

Writing Binary Writing Binary CompoundsCompounds

NN22OO

dinitrogendinitrogen monoxide monoxide

Writing Binary Writing Binary CompoundsCompounds

Writing Binary Writing Binary CompoundsCompounds

COCO22 Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide

PClPCl33

Phosphorous Phosphorous TriTrichlorchlorideide

Writing Binary Writing Binary CompoundsCompounds