Name the parts of the female reproductive system.
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Transcript of Name the parts of the female reproductive system.
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• Name the parts of the female reproductive system.
• Describe the production, function and storage of egg cells.
• Explain the function of hormones in the female reproductive system.
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KEY WORDSCervix Uterus Oocyte
Oviduct (fallopian tube) Follicle cell
Ovulation Corpus Luteum
Endometrium Menstrual cycle
Estrogen Progesterone
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Female symbol represents hand mirror of Venus - the Roman goddess of love and fertility.
Female reproductive system must be able to:
• Produce eggs.• Nourish and hold zygote until fully developed.• Give birth.
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Female sex organs:
Oviduct
Cervix
Uterus
Vagina
Urethra
Bladder
Ovary
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Carries urine from bladder out vagina.
Vagina Receives sperm from the male and acts as the birth canal.
Cervix Connects the vagina to the uterus; opening to the uterus.
UterusFertilized egg will stop and implant in the wall of the uterus – Endometrium - to receive nourishment and protection as it develops.
Ovary Location of follicle cells which develop into a mature egg cell ready to be fertilized by sperm.
Oviduct (Fallopian tube)
Tube that takes the unfertilized egg and transports it to the Uterus. Fertilization takes place in Oviduct.
Urethra
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Female gametes:• releasing an egg from ovary is called ovulation.
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Process of Ovulation • Ovaries contain follicle cells• Follicle – egg (oocyte) plus surrounding cells.
• Oocyte develops inside until ovulation.• At ovulation, follicle bursts, releasing mature
egg.
• Surrounding cells form the Corpus luteum.• Corpus luteum releases hormones - if pregnant. • If egg NOT fertilized - corpus luteum disappears.
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1. Follicle
2. Growing follicle
3. Mature oocyte
4. Released egg
5. Corpus Luteum
6. C.L. Releases hormones
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• Fertilization of the egg takes place in the oviduct.
• Millions of sperm begin the journey, only a few thousand reach the egg in the fallopian tubes
• Only one can fertilize the egg.
• First sperm to penetrate the cell wall of the egg triggers a chemical reaction that prevents any other sperm from entering the egg.
Fertilization and Formation of a Zygote:
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Fertilized egg lodges in the uterus wall – endometrium – where it receives nourishment.
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Puberty:• more hormones are involved in the female system.• Pituitary gland releases LH and FSH.
FSH travels to ovaries, stimulate theproduction of hormone estrogen – outsidechanges.
FSH also stimulate follicles to develop – inside changes.
LH also triggers monthly ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum.
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Ovulation and Menstrual Cycle:• Female develops all egg cells (oocytes) as the
embryo grows - 7 million follicle cells.
• At puberty, only about 400,000 remain.
Menstrual cycle:
Monthly cycle of changes that occur in the ovaries and endometrial lining around ovulation.
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Menstrual Cycle consists for four steps:approximately 28 days before repeating
1. Building up endometrium – follicular phase
2. Ovulation – releasing the egg
3. Preparing for pregnancy – luteal phase - releasing hormones in case of fertilization.
4. Shedding the endometrium – menstruation- if fertilization does not occur.
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NO fertilization (no pregnancy):
Egg cell and thickened endometrial lining are discarded through menstruation.
Fertilization (pregnancy occurs):
No menstrual flow as the zygote is developing into an embryo and the endometrium is needed to nourish and protect it.
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