Name: _______________________________________________ Date: __________Choose the letter of the best answer.

***Chapter 2***____ 1. Who suggested that the nation's capital be moved from New York City to a new city in the South in order to help gain support for his national debt plan?A. George WashingtonB. Alexander HamiltonC. John JayD. Thomas Jefferson____ 2. Which event was a response to an unpopular excise tax imposed by the federal government?A. the Whiskey RebellionB. the XYZ AffairC. Marbury v. MadisonD. the British blockade of the eastern seacoast____ 3. Who secured a treaty with Spain giving the United States shipping rights on the Mississippi River?A. Edmond GenêtB. Thomas PinckneyC. William Henry HarrisonD. John Adams____ 4. During John Adams's presidency, why were Democratic-Republicans outraged by the Alien and SeditionActs?A. They believed the laws would draw the United States into foreign wars.B. They believed the laws violated freedom of speech.C. They believed the laws would open the gates to French immigrants.D. They believed the laws would give too much power to the courts.____ 5. What principle was affirmed in the Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison?A. the right of the citizens to criticize their governmentB. the right of the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutionalC. the right of Congress to declare warD. the right of states to nullify an act of Congress that they deem unconstitutional____ 6. Who was president when the United States acquired and began to explore the Louisiana Territory?A. George WashingtonB. John AdamsC. Thomas JeffersonD. James Madison____ 7. Why did the United States go to war against Britain in 1812?A. Britain was trying to buy the Louisiana Territory.B. Britain was interfering with U.S. foreign trade.C. Britain refused to give up its forts in the Northwest Territory.D. Britain was becoming too friendly with France.____ 8. Who attempted to unite Native Americans into a confederacy to protect their homeland against white intruders?A. TecumsehB. Little TurtleC. Mad Anthony WayneD. the war hawks____ 11. The outcome of the Whiskey Rebellion helped to establish the power of the federal government toA. impose taxes.B. enforce federal laws within states.C. control interstate and foreign trade.D. reinterpret the Bill of Rights.____ 12. Thomas Jefferson was a supporter of all of the following except

A. farmers.B. free trade.C. the French Revolution.D. large government.____ 13. The XYZ Affair resulted inA. strong anti-French feelings in the United States and fears of sedition.B. an agreement by the British to evacuate the Northwest Territory.C. American use of the Mississippi River for trade.D. the death of George Washington.____ 14. The Sedition Act allowed the national government to jail people forA. making negative statements about the government.B. challenging the constitutionality of a law.C. selling, manufacturing, or distributing whiskey.D. not paying ones debts in a timely manner.____ 15. The Shawnee chief Tecumseh attempted toA. negotiate a fair peace treaty with the U.S. government.B. organize a confederacy of Native American tribes.C. guide Lewis and Clark through the Louisiana Territory.D. attack British forts along the Canadian border.____ 16. For 15 million dollars, the United States was able to purchase the Louisiana Territory fromA. Spain.B. France.C. Great Britain.D. Native Americans.

***Chapter 3***____ 17. Which candidate did John Quincy Adams defeat in the controversial election of 1824?A. Henry ClayB. James MonroeC. Daniel WebsterD. Andrew Jackson____ 18. Which idea is promoted by the concept of nullification?A. nationalismB. states' rightsC. judicial reviewD. territorial expansion____ 19. Which area did the Monroe Doctrine aim to free from European influence?A. the Oregon territoryB. the Western HemisphereC. North AmericaD. Texas____ 20. Which group was forcibly relocated by means of the "Trail of Tears"?A. MexicansB. ShoshoneC. African slavesD. Cherokee____ 21. Which development led to a sharp rise in the number of slaves imported to the southern United States?A. the cotton ginB. interchangeable partsC. steam-powered machineryD. the canal system____ 22. Which Americans benefited most from the Tariff of 1816?A. farmersB. ConsumersC. manufacturersD. shipping companies

____ 23. Who began the practice of replacing high-ranking members of the executive branch when a newpresident takes office?A. James MonroeB. Andrew JacksonC. Martin Van BurenD. John Quincy Adams____ 24. Completed in 1825, the Erie Canal connected the Atlantic Ocean with what?A. New York CityB. the Great LakesC. the National RoadD. the Mississippi River____ 25. Which Whig candidate defeated Martin Van Buren for president by depicting himself as a man of the people?A. John TylerB. Andrew JacksonC. John Quincy AdamsD. William Henry Harrison____ 26. Which of the following was responsible for the United States acquiring Florida?A. Monroe DoctrineB. Indian Removal ActC. Adams-Onís TreatyD. Missouri Compromise____ 27. Between which two countries did the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819 settle boundaries?A. United States and FranceB. France and SpainC. Spain and United StatesD. Mexico and United States____ 28. Which current state entered U.S. territory as a result of the Adams-Onís Treaty?A. FloridaB. OregonC. TexasD. New Mexico____ 29. The Monroe Doctrine was largely a response toA. the debate over admitting slave states to the Union.B. the interest of European nations in creating colonies in North and South America.C. the need to strengthen the national economy despite sectional differences.D. fighting between western settlers and Native Americans.____ 30. The 1828 "Tariff of Abominations" was given that name by those who thought the tariff hurt the Southwhile helpingA. British importers.B. small farmers.C. Northern manufacturers.D. frontier settlers in the West.____ 31. The American System helped bring the nation together byA. maintaining the balance between slave states and free states.B. withdrawing funds from the unpopular Bank of the United States.C. giving common people across the nation a voice in the national government.D. creating a better transportation network to facilitate the exchange of goods.____ 32. Andrew Jackson used the power of the presidency toA. influence Supreme Court decisions in which he was interested.B. fire many federal officials and appoint loyal followers in their places.C. raise tariffs to fill the government treasury with funds.D. recognize the land claims of the Cherokee Nation.

***Chapter 4***____ 33. For which action is Nat Turner well known?A. leading a violent slave revoltB. fighting in the American RevolutionC. publishing an antislavery newspaperD. promoting a nonviolent end to slavery____ 34. What did the abolition movement promote?A. relocating black slaves to AfricaB. prohibiting the drinking of alcoholC. removing Native Americans from eastern statesD. ending the institution of slavery____ 35. What belief was one important feature of the Second Great Awakening?A. a belief in the truth found in natureB. a belief in personal responsibility for salvationC. a belief in a God who decides each person's fateD. a belief in the perfection of human beings____ 36. What term refers to the 19th-century belief that married women's activities should be limited tohousework and family?A. feminismB. temperanceC. the cult of sentimentsD. the cult of domesticity____ 37. Which of the following did Frederick Douglass not do?A. emigrate to AfricaB. publish a newspaperC. work as an urban slaveD. lecture on the evils of slavery____ 38. Which of the following was not a problem faced by "mill girls" in Massachusetts?A. wage cutsB. increased workloadsC. lack of safe places to stayD. unhealthy working conditions____ 39. In what way was the National Trades' Union unusual for its time?A. It represented only glassworkers.B. It represented workers in a variety of industries.C. It discouraged striking as a means of protest.D. It was supported by bankers and business owners.____ 40. In which philosophical movement was Ralph Waldo Emerson a leader?A. utopianismB. UnitarianismC. humanitarianismD. transcendentalism____ 41. Which group commonly worked as strikebreakers for low wages?A. young womenB. free blacksC. Irish immigrantsD. temperance workers

***Chapter 5***

____ 42. "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight" referred to a boundary dispute between the United States andA. Spain.B. Mexico.C. Great Britain.D. the Sauk and Fox.____ 43. Under Mexican rule, the main appeal Texas held for American settlers wasA. cheap land.B. legalized slavery.C. religious freedom.D. government protection from Native Americans.____ 44. Of the following, the man most in favor of seizing land from Mexico wasA. James K. Polk.B. Daniel Webster.C. John C. Calhoun.D. Abraham Lincoln.____ 45. The battle most responsible for winning Texas its freedom from Mexico took placeA. at the Alamo.B. at Buena Vista.C. near the Rio Grande.D. near the San Jacinto River.____ 46. The inventor of a new rubber product that didn't freeze or melt wasA. Elias Howe.B. Charles Goodyear.C. Robert Fulton.D. Samuel F.B. Morse.____ 47. The inventor of a mechanical reaper that did the work of five farm workers wasA. John Deere.B. I. M. Singer.C. John C. Frémont.D. Cyrus McCormick.____ 48. Which event was most responsible for creating a diverse population in California?A. the gold rushB. the Treaty of Fort LaramieC. the invention of the steel plowD. the war with Mexico

***Chapter 6***____ 49. The Wilmot Proviso was favored byA. the North.B. the South.C. the North and the South.D. California alone.____ 50. The formal withdrawal of a state from the Union is known asA. confederacy.B. compromise.C. secession.D. popular sovereignty.____ 51. The Compromise of 1850 was supported byA. Clay and Calhoun.B. Clay and Webster.C. Calhoun and Webster but not Clay.D. Clay, Calhoun, and Webster.____ 52. One of the most active conductors on the Underground Railroad wasA. Harriet Beecher Stowe.B. Harriet Tubman.C. Horace Greeley.D. Abraham Lincoln.

____ 53. Uncle Tom's Cabin was written byA. Horace Greeley.B. John Brown.C. Harriet Beecher Stowe.D. Charlotte Forten.____ 54. One of the founders of the Republican Party wasA. Franklin Pierce.B. Horace Greeley.C. James Buchanan.D. Millard Fillmore.____ 55. The topic of the Lincoln-Douglas debates wasA. the Missouri Compromise.B. secession.C. the Wilmot Proviso.D. slavery in the territories.____ 56. The Dred Scott decision did all of the following exceptA. please Southerners.B. rule that slaves did not have rights.C. declare the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.D. guarantee that slavery would not be allowed in future states.____ 57. The Confederacy included all of the following states exceptA. Maryland.B. Texas.C. Alabama.D. South Carolina.____ 58. Which was the first state to secede?A. MississippiB. North CarolinaC. South CarolinaD. Florida____ 61. Which was the last state to join the Confederacy?A. TennesseeB. TexasC. North CarolinaD. Arkansas____ 62. Which of the following best explains the dependence of the Southern economy on slavery?A. Immigrants who opposed slavery did not settle in the South.B. The Southern economy was rural and consisted mostly of plantations.C. The South needed slave labor to support its manufacturing economy.D. Enslaved Africans were well suited to working in the hot Southern climate.____ 63. What was Henry Clay's primary purpose in offering the Compromise of 1850?A. to avoid a civil war over the issue of slaveryB. to eliminate the practice of popular sovereigntyC. to provide stricter penalties for those who harbored fugitive slavesD. to ensure that New Mexico and Utah would enter the Union as free states____ 64. Which of the following was not an example of Northern resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act?A. development of the Underground RailroadB. passage of personal liberty lawsC. lengthy legal battles on behalf of runaway slavesD. raids to free slaves in border states____ 65. What was a result of passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?A. several years of peace on the issue of slaveryB. the end of the political career of Stephen DouglasC. popular sovereignty for Kansas and NebraskaD. a reaffirmation of the Missouri Compromise____ 66. Which words best describe John Brown?

A. articulate and compromisingB. proslavery and passionateC. antislavery and violentD. self-educated and dry-witted____ 67. Lincoln became a Republican after leaving which party?A. Whig PartyB. Democratic PartyC. Free-Soil PartyD. Know-Nothing Party____ 68. What was an important result of Buchanan's defeat of Frémont in the 1856 presidential election?A. The Know-Nothing Party gained influence.B. The South remained in the Union.C. The Democrats showed they had a broad base of support.D. The North lost interest in the Republican Party.____ 69. Which view best summarizes Lincoln's position on slavery in 1858?A. Slavery is not immoral, but each state should decide what to do on this issue.B. Slavery should be accepted because it is necessary for the nation's economic health.C. Slavery should be abolished in the United States because it is immoral.D. Slavery should not spread because it is morally and politically wrong.Current Affairs Final Exam.tgt, Version: 1 10____ 70. What was one effect of John Brown's actions at Harpers Ferry?A. an increase in tensions between the North and the SouthB. a brief period of national unityC. the end of the abolitionist movementD. an embarrassing defeat for Robert E. Lee

***Chapter 7***____ 71. When the Civil War began, what was Abraham Lincoln's main goal?A. to abolish slaveryB. to punish the SouthC. to restore the UnionD. to bring an end to the war____ 72. In which area did the South have an advantage over the North in the Civil War?A. food productionB. civilian leadershipC. industrial capacityD. military leadership____ 73. Which of the following abolished slavery in the North?A. the Gettysburg AddressB. the Thirteenth AmendmentC. the Compromise of 1850D. the Emancipation Proclamation____ 74. Why is the Battle of Gettysburg considered a turning point in the Civil War?A. It made the South give up the idea of invading the North.B. It divided the Confederacy.C. It convinced the Confederacy to surrender.D. It marked the first Union victory on the battlefield.____ 75. Which of the following quotations is from the Gettysburg Address?A. "We are not prepared for this suffrage. But we can learn."B. "All persons held as slaves within any State . . . in rebellion against the United States, shall be . . .forever free."C. "The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they didhere."D. "You are rushing into war with one of the most powerful, . . . determined people on earth."

____ 76. What was the stated aim of the Emancipation Proclamation?A. to free all slaves in the United States

B. to free slaves behind Confederate linesC. to free slaves in Union slave statesD. to enlist slaves in the Union army____ 77. What was Clara Barton's role in the Civil War?A. Red Cross volunteerB. nurse on the battlefieldC. ordinary soldierD. federal clerk____ 78. ___ was not part of the Union's three-part plan to conquer the South.A. Blockading Southern portsB. Drafting freed slaves to fight for the UnionC. Capturing the Confederate capitalD. Splitting the Confederacy in two____ 79. The Battle of Gettysburg was not ___.A. the last time the South invaded the NorthB. a battle with heavy casualties on both sidesC. the battle that cut the Confederacy in twoD. a devastating defeat for the Confederates____ 80. Lincoln suspended ___ to deal with dissent in the Union states.A. voting rights for free African AmericansB. harsh sentences for draft riotersC. conscription of men over 35 years of ageD. the writ of habeas corpus____ 81. While serving in the Union army, African Americans faced all of the following except ___.A. discriminationB. lower pay than whitesC. higher mortality rates than whitesD. excessively high income taxes____ 82. Because it was one of only two Confederate holdouts preventing the Union from taking complete controlof the Mississippi River, Grant focused on capturing ___.A. New OrleansB. Baton RougeC. VicksburgD. Gettysburg____ 83. ___ helped Lincoln win reelection in 1864.A. Union victories in the SouthB. Confederate victories in the NorthC. A lack of political opponentsD. The Copperheads

***Chapter 8***____ 84. The congressional leader of the Radical Republicans wasA. Hiram Revels.B. Horace Greeley.C. Samuel J. Tilden.D. Thaddeus Stevens.____ 85. The Fourteenth Amendment was passed to provide a constitutional basis for theA. black codes.B. Compromise of 1877.C. Thirteenth Amendment.D. Civil Rights Act of 1866.____ 86. Hiram Revels was the first African-AmericanA. U.S. senator.B. army general.C. cabinet member.D. Supreme Court justice.

____ 87. During Reconstruction, the system of sharecropping was least beneficial toA. bankers.B. merchants.C. landowners.D. sharecroppers.____ 88. During Reconstruction, all of the following increased in the South exceptA. taxes.B. per capita income.C. public works programs.D. populations of towns and cities.____ 89. President Andrew Johnson's plan for Reconstruction aimed to punishA. poor white Southerners.B. Confederate leaders.C. Northern abolitionists.D. formerly enslaved African Americans.____ 90. The Compromise of 1877 signaled an end toA. the Panic of 1873.B. the Republican Party.C. Reconstruction.D. civil rights legislation.____ 91. A state government that is run without federal intervention illustrates the idea ofA. home rule.B. carpetbagging.C. redemption.D. impeachment.____ 92. No one can be kept from voting because of race, color, or former enslavement, according to theA. black codes.B. Thirteenth Amendment.C. Fourteenth Amendment.D. Fifteenth Amendment.____ 93. Which of the following statements is true of Hayes?A. He won the popular vote but lost the electoral vote.B. He won both the popular and the electoral votes.C. He lost the popular vote but won the electoral vote.D. He lost both the electoral and the popular votes.____ 98. Which of the following made "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" citizens of thenation?A. Thirteenth AmendmentB. Fourteenth AmendmentC. Fifteenth AmendmentD. Reconstruction Act of 1867____ 99. When Reconstruction began, which of the following groups of Americans living in the South tended tosupport the Democratic Party?A. scalawagsB. carpetbaggersC. African AmericansD. wealthy landowners____ 100. Who was the first African-American U.S. senator?A. Hiram RevelsB. Samuel J. TildenC. Garrison FrazierD. Henry M. Turner____ 101. Which action showed that President Andrew Johnson did not support greater rights for AfricansAmericans in the South?A. He allowed many high-ranking Confederates to vote without swearing allegiance to the United

States.B. He vetoed the Freedmen's Bureau Act and the Civil Rights Act of 1866.C. He fired Secretary of War Edwin Stanton.D. He supported a Reconstruction plan similar to President Lincoln's plan.____ 102. Which of the following was not a requirement of former Confederate states under the ReconstructionAct of 1867?A. They would be divided into military districts headed by Union generals.B. Voters, including African Americans, would elect delegates to draft new constitutions.C. They had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment to be readmitted to the Union.D. All African-American families would receive 40 acres and a mule.____ 103. Which word best describes Lincoln's original plan for Reconstruction, which Johnson largely followed?A. neutralB. AggressiveC. lenientD. balanced____ 104. After the Civil War, why did new Republican governments in the South have difficulty?A. African Americans resented interference from Northern carpetbaggers.B. Slavery remained in force in several Southern states.C. Many white Southerners refused to accept equal rights for blacks.D. African Americans did not hold office at the state or local level.____ 105. Which of the following is an example of "redemption" as it was defined near the end ofReconstruction?A. A state government had been under Republican leadership for 12 years, but then Democratsreturned to power, or "redeemed" the state.B. A president's administration was plagued with scandal, but the president "redeemed" himself byfiring many corrupt officials.C. After a long struggle to gain civil rights, African Americans finally secured, or "redeemed, " theirright to vote.D. A presidential candidate lost the popular vote, but was "redeemed" when the electoral collegevoted.

***Chapters 9-12***____ 106. Which of the following marked the end of the wars between the federal government and the PlainsIndians?A. the Treaty of Fort LaramieB. the death of Sitting BullC. the Sand Creek MassacreD. the massacre at Wounded Knee____ 107. Why did the policy of treating the Great Plains as a huge reservation change?A. White settlers began wanting the land on the Plains.B. Native Americans refused to remain on the Plains.C. Native American populations decreased and needed less land.D. The Plains failed to meet the needs of Native American peoples.____ 108. Which of the following events occurred first?A. the Treaty of Fort LaramieB. the death of Sitting BullC. the Sand Creek MassacreD. the massacre at Wounded Knee____ 109. Who were the exodusters?A. European immigrants who settled on the Great PlainsB. Plains Indians forced onto reservations in the 1800sC. former slaves from the South who settled on the Great PlainsD. cowboys who worked long drives in the summer and odd jobs in the winter____ 110. Why did little of the free land offered by the Homestead Act end up being claimed by settlers?

A. The land was too difficult to farm.B. Few settlers wanted to move West at the time.C. Most of it was taken by people seeking profits.D. The government put too many restrictions on its use.____ 111. Which of the following was most responsible for bringing an end to the era of the wide-open westernfrontier?A. the railroadB. barbed wireC. sheep ranchingD. bonanza farming____ 112. Which of the following marked the collapse of Populism?A. the Panic of 1893B. the founding of the GrangeC. the "Cross of Gold" speechD. the election of William McKinley____ 113. The Dawes Act was designed to benefitA. Native Americans.B. white settlers.C. both Native Americans and white settlers.D. neither Native Americans nor white settlers.____ 114. The Grange did all of the following exceptA. support the banks.B. support political candidates.C. oppose the railroads.D. oppose the banks.____ 115. The intent of the Homestead Act was toA. prevent African Americans from settling in the West.B. settle Native Americans in farming communities.C. make money for the government.D. encourage white families to develop the West.____ 116. William McKinley won the election of 1896 becauseA. he campaigned harder than his opponent.B. he had the support of the East and Midwest.C. he delivered the "Cross of Gold" speech.D. he had the backing of the Populist Party.____ 117. The main goal of the Chinese Exclusion Act was toA. decrease Chinese immigration.B. create segregated classrooms.C. settle a disagreement between China and the United States.D. stop Chinese Americans from attending school in the United States.____ 118. The main goal of the Americanization movement was toA. limit the number of immigrants entering the country.B. assimilate people of various cultures into the dominant culture.C. improve the living conditions in America's largest cities.D. encourage people to move from the country to the city.____ 119. The illegal use of political influence for personal gain is calledA. nativism.B. civil service.C. gentlemen's agreement.D. graft.____ 120. Tammany Hall was the name ofA. a famous settlement house.B. a New York Customs House.C. a New York City political machine.D. the federal courthouse in New York City.

____ 121. An example of patronage would beA. bribing a government official.B. assassinating a public official.C. saying one thing and doing another.D. appointing a friend to a political position.____ 122. The Pendleton Civil Service Act requiredA. applicants for government jobs to pass examinations.B. native-born Americans to treat immigrants with courtesy.C. government workers to renounce all party loyalties.D. cities to provide services such as clean water to their residents.____ 123. The factor that prevented the greatest number of children from attending public high schools wasA. racism.B. poverty.C. language differences.D. transportation problems.____ 124. Jim Crow laws were laws thatA. separated the races.B. denied citizenship to Asian immigrants.C. taxed voters.D. promoted discrimination against women.____ 125. In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled thatA. lynching was a federal crime.B. school segregation was unconstitutional.C. voting rights could not be tied to any form of tax.D. racial segregation in public facilities was legal.

***Chapter 13***____ 126. The progressive movement regarded all of the following as worthy goals exceptA. protecting social welfare.B. promoting business monopolies.C. creating economic reform.D. fostering efficiency in the workplace.____ 127. Muckrakers wereA. politicians.B. conservationists.C. suffragists.D. journalists.____ 128. In the mid-1800s, the majority of women who held jobs worked asA. servants.B. teachers.C. clerks.D. telephone operators.____ 129. In The Jungle, Upton Sinclair exposedA. dangers faced by coal miners.B. corrupt business practices of the Standard Oil Company.C. unsanitary conditions in the meat-packing industry.D. illegal deals between special interests and the government.Current Affairs Final Exam.tgt, Version: 1 18____ 130. All of the following were actively involved in securing the right to vote for women exceptA. Elizabeth Cady Stanton.B. Susan B. Anthony.C. Florence Kelley.D. Carrie Chapman Catt.

____ 131. The first person to use the presidency as a "bully pulpit" wasA. William H. Taft.

B. Theodore Roosevelt.C. Woodrow Wilson.D. William McKinley.____ 132. The law that required truthful labels was theA. Pure Food and Drug Act.B. Meat Inspection Act.C. Sherman Antitrust Act.D. Interstate Commerce Act.____ 133. The primary goal of the NAACP wasA. voting rights for women.B. better working conditions.C. regulation of the banking industry.D. equality among the races.____ 134. Which of the following was not a result of the introduction of the assembly line?A. higher worker turnoverB. reduced hours of the workdayC. decreased productivityD. higher wages____ 135. Which statement best characterizes Roosevelt's position on trusts?A. Some trusts were harmful to the public interest.B. All trusts should be busted.C. Trusts were of benefit to the public interest.D. Trusts were legal and could not be abolished.____ 136. Which statement best characterizes the position of Gifford Pinchot toward land conservation?A. Unrestricted development was acceptable.B. A multi-use land program was possible.C. Further privatization should be prohibited.D. Conservation should not interfere with industrial expansion.____ 137. Which of the following actions led to the defeat of Taft in 1912?A. his overuse of the bully pulpitB. his failure to continue the trustbusting of RooseveltC. his refusal to sign the Payne-Aldrich TariffD. his failure to unify the Republican Party____ 138. What was the primary motivation for passage of the Sixteenth Amendment?A. to curb the power of corporationsB. to replace revenue lost by enacting lower tariffsC. to reduce the gap between rich and poorD. to create a war chest to pay for future wars____ 139. What effect did World War I have on the suffragist movement?A. It delayed action as attention turned to the war effort.B. It had little effect.C. It caused a split within the NAWSA.D. It hastened passage and ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment.

***Chapter 14***____ 140. Which of the following did not stimulate U.S. imperialism?A. need for a new source of cheap laborB. thirst for new economic marketsC. desire for military strengthD. a belief in the cultural superiority of the Anglo-Saxon culture____ 141. Who told the artist Frederic Remington, "You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war"?A. José MartíB. Teddy RooseveltC. William McKinleyD. William Randolph Hearst____ 142. For which action did Theodore Roosevelt win the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize?A. leading the Rough Riders

B. developing the Roosevelt CorollaryC. negotiating the Treaty of Paris of 1898D. negotiating an end to war between Russia and Japan____ 143. In which of the following conflicts were U.S. military troops not involved?A. the Boxer RebellionB. the Russo-Japanese warC. the Hawaiian revolutionD. Cuba's second war for independence____ 144. Which of the following did the United States insist that Cuba include in its constitution?A. the Boxer ProtocolB. the Platt AmendmentC. the TellerAmendmentD. the Roosevelt Corollary____ 145. On what did the Roosevelt Corollary build?A. Monroe DoctrineB. Open Door PolicyC. Platt AmendmentD. Hay-Pauncefote Treaty of 1901____ 146. What was included in the de Lôme letter?A. de Lôme's resignation as Spanish minister to the United StatesB. an apology to the U.S. governmentC. criticisms of President McKinleyD. an incitement for war____ 147. What war ended with the Treaty of Paris of 1898?A. Spanish-American WarB. Russo-Japanese WarC. Philippine-American WarD. Cuban war for independence____ 148. What was the purpose of the Foraker Act?A. to give Cuba and Puerto Rico to the United StatesB. to grant Puerto Rican residents U.S. citizenshipC. to end the Puerto Rican uprisingD. to end military rule and set up civil government in Puerto Rico____ 153. José Martí, a Cuban poet and journalist in exile in New York, organized a guerrilla campaign to destroyAmerican-owned property in Cuba in order toA. provoke U.S. intervention in Cuba.B. retaliate against U.S. involvement in Cuba.C. give money to poor Cuban natives.D. recover his family's land from American control.____ 154. All of the following countries came under some form of U.S. control as a result of theSpanish-American War exceptA. Cuba.B. Hawaii.C. Puerto Rico.D. the Philippines.____ 155. General John J. Pershing led a force of fifteen thousand soldiers in an attempt to captureA. José Martí.B. Pancho Villa.C. Emiliano Zapata.D. Emilio Aquinaldo.____ 156. The United States gained control of the land it needed to build the Panama Canal byA. negotiating with Colombia.B. invading and attacking Colombia.C. implementing the Open Door Policy.D. encouraging and supporting Panamanian independence.

____ 157. The Open Door Policy was designed as a way for the United States to furtherA. its trade interests.B. its desires to annex foreign nations.C. international diplomacy.D. the establishment of democratic governments.____ 158. The rapid growth of industry in the United States helped fuel imperialism becauseA. America needed unspoiled places for its workers to vacation.B. Americans had more time to read about foreign places.C. the United States was producing too many goods for its own people to buy.D. Americans wanted to take over foreign factories and learn their secrets.____ 159. Teddy Roosevelt's approach to foreign policy reflected the proverb "Speak softly and carry a big stick" becauseA. he allowed U.S. troops to beat foreign natives for breaking U.S. laws.B. he studied West African methods for negotiating with foreign powers.C. his soft-spoken personality made foreign leaders trust and admire him.D. his negotiations were always backed by the threat of military force.

***Chapter 15***____ 160. Which of the following was not a cause of World War I?A. American isolationismB. imperialist competitionC. the stockpiling of weaponsD. European nationalism____ 161. Where did the assassination that triggered World War I occur?A. BosniaB. BelgiumC. Alsace-LorraineD. the Ottoman Empire____ 162. What caused widespread starvation in Germany?A. a severe droughtB. the devaluation of German currencyC. the British blockadeD. the Allied bombing of German farms____ 163. What did the United States use to overcome the threat of German U-boats?A. airplanesB. groups of guarded shipsC. ships flying neutral flagsD. a fleet of American submarines____ 164. Which of the following was a result of the Selective Service Act?A. African Americans could not become Army officers.B. Women could serve in combat positions.C. Troops were segregated by race.D. Men were required to register for military service.____ 165. Which weapons of mechanized warfare were introduced in World War I?A. battlefront trenchesB. airplanes and tanksC. hydrogen bombsD. pistols and bayonets____ 166. Which of the following nations was not a member of the "Big Four"?A. ItalyB. FranceC. RussiaD. Great Britain____ 167. Who rejected Wilson's "Fourteen Points" peace plan?A. Allied leadersB. the GermansC. the U.S. Senate

D. the League of Nations____ 168. What reason did Senators give for opposing U.S. membership in the League of Nations?A. It would lead to international instability.B. It would drain American finances.C. It would interfere with free-trade agreements.D. It would drag the United States into European conflicts.____ 169. The policy that kept the United States out of the war for three years was calledA. nationalism.B. the alliance system.C. neutrality.D. the convoy system.____ 170. Because militarism had been a major cause of the war, the framers of the Treaty of VersaillesA. required Germany to pay reparations for war damages.B. barred Germany from maintaining an army.C. stripped Germany of its colonies in the Pacific.D. forced Germany to accept sole responsibility for the war.____ 171. The war might have involved only two nations, Austria-Hungary and Serbia, if not forA. the American Expeditionary Force.B. imperialism.C. propaganda.D. the alliance system.____ 172. Of the following, the most compelling reason for the United States to enter the war wasA. a moral obligation to halt the refugee crisis in Belgium.B. concern over the repayment of Allied debts to American banks.C. a desire to become more involved in the affairs of Europe.D. the outrage of American citizens over German submarine warfare.____ 173. American supporters of entry into the war could claim their country was fighting a moral war becauseA. the United States joined the war only after Russia's oppressive monarchy was replaced.B. many citizens planted victory gardens and bought war bonds.C. the Zimmerman note was intercepted.D. African Americans were offered new job opportunities in northern cities.____ 174. The Espionage and Sedition Acts affected freedom of speech because theyA. forced restaurant owners to offer "liberty sandwiches" rather than "hamburgers."B. allowed the government to silence ideas that challenged its authority.C. forced the repeal of the First Amendment.D. promoted biased ideas designed to sway people's thinking.____ 175. Labor leaders were targeted by the Espionage and Sedition Acts because theyA. demanded better conditions for workers, even during a war crisis.B. questioned whether war was right under any circumstances.C. preferred the Russian system of government to the American system.D. refused to work in industries that supported the war effort.____ 176. Gains made by American women during World War I includeA. acceptance as full-fledged members of the U.S. Army.B. the beginnings of a movement for woman suffrage.C. equal pay for equal work in many war industries.D. increased support for women's right to vote.____ 177. The Treaty of Versailles overlooked the importance ofA. identifying the guilty party in a war.B. treating all nations justly, including the losers of a war.C. including powerful nations like the United States in international peace-keeping organizations.D. crippling any nations that might prove dangerous in the future.

***Chapter 16***____ 178. Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were charged with, and convicted of,

A. treason.B. anarchy.C. receiving bribes.D. robbery and murder.____ 179. To expand its membership in the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan engaged in all of the following exceptA. blaming national problems on immigrants.B. encouraging white women to join the organization.C. playing on people's fears of political radicals.D. allowing members to profit from recruiting new members.____ 180. The immigration policies of the 1920s limited immigration from all of the following countries exceptA. Italy.B. Japan.C. Mexico.D. England.____ 181. During the 1920s, union membershipA. remained constant.B. increased slightly.C. increased considerably.D. dropped considerably.____ 183. The Teapot Dome scandal centered aroundA. gold mines.B. union members.C. high tariffs.D. oil-rich lands.____ 184. The Fordney-McCumber Tariff was meant toA. help Britain and France pay off their war debts.B. raise taxes on goods entering the United States.C. help Germany pay off its war debts.D. raise taxes on goods leaving the United States.____ 185. To protect their own interests, employers often accused striking workers of beingA. spies.B. Communists.C. bigots.D. nativists.____ 186. Which of the following rose dramatically in the early 1920s?A. wagesB. labor union membershipC. tariffsD. the build-up of armaments____ 187. Why was the Kellogg-Briand Pact considered useless?A. It didn't prevent war; it only punished countries that started wars.B. It made the process of repaying war debts too easy.C. It provided no means of enforcing the "no war" agreement.D. It failed to include several of the strongest military powers.____ 188. Which of the following was most closely tied to the public's negative reactions to organized labor inthe 1920s?A. fears of rising pricesB. fears of communismC. fears of a depressionD. resentment of labor's advances

____ 189. It was difficult to enforce the laws governing prohibition for all of the following reasons exceptA. many people were determined to break the laws.

B. insufficient funds were provided to pay for enforcement.C. many law enforcement officials took bribes from smugglers and bootleggers.D. prohibition banned only alcoholic beverages manufactured in the United States.____ 190. To obtain liquor illegally, drinkers went underground to hidden nightclubs known asA. speakeasies.B. penthouses.C. tenements.D. tea rooms.____ 191. The Harlem Renaissance refers toA. a struggle for civil rights led by the NAACP.B. a population increase in Harlem in the 1920s.C. a program to promote African-American owned businesses.D. a celebration of African-American culture in literature and art.____ 192. John T. Scopes challenged a Tennessee law that forbade the teaching ofA. biology.B. evolution.C. creationism.D. fundamentalism.____ 193. Fundamentalists believed thatA. evolution and creationism could coincide.B. prohibition should be repealed.C. the Bible should be taken literally.D. drinking alcohol was acceptable.____ 194. "Double standard" refers toA. stricter social and moral standards for women than for men in the 1920s.B. lower wages women earned compared to those earned by men in the 1920s.C. amount of work that women did both at home and outside the house in the 1920s.D. unfair treatment of women in the workplace in the 1920s.____ 195. The NAACP did all of the following exceptA. fight for legislation to protect African Americans.B. work with anti-lynching organizations.C. propose that African Americans move back to Africa.D. publish The Crisis.____ 196. Jazz music was born in New Orleans and was spread to the North by such musicians asA. Louis Armstrong.B. Zora Neale Hurston.C. Paul Robeson.D. Langston Hughes.____ 197. The "Great Migration" of 1910-1920 refers to the movement of ___.A. immigrants from Europe to AmericaB. people from rural areas and towns to large citiesC. African Americans from the United States to AfricaD. African Americans from the South to northern cities____ 198. The main significance of the trial of John T. Scopes was that ___.A. it ended the career of William Jennings Bryan, who was unable to defend fundamentalismB. its outdoor setting allowed many Americans to witness the justice system in actionC. it highlighted the struggle between science and religion in American schoolsD. led to the repeal of a law that made teaching evolution in schools illegal____ 199. Except for ___, alcohol caused all of the following, according to most fundamentalists.A. urban slumsB. child abuseC. crimeD. evangelism

***Chapter 17***____ 200. Which was not a cause of the Great Depression?

A. tariffs on foreign goodsB. the availability of easy creditC. a growing number of homeless peopleD. a crisis in the farm sector____ 201. Which was not a cause of the Dust Bowl?A. droughtB. high windsC. thick layers of prairie grassesD. overproduction of crops____ 202. After the stock market crash, how did President Hoover try to help the economy?A. by closing banksB. by lowering foreign tariffsC. by funding handouts of food and clothingD. by asking businesses not to lay off employees____ 203. Who made up the Bonus Army that marched on Washington?A. World War I veterans and their familiesB. farmers forced off their land by dust stormsC. unemployed industrial workers and their familiesD. business and labor leaders who agreed to work together____ 204. Which candidates ran for president in 1932?A. Calvin Coolidge and Herbert HooverB. Calvin Coolidge and Franklin D. RooseveltC. Herbert Hoover and Alfred E. SmithD. Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt____ 205. What does buying a stock on margin mean?A. purchasing the stock outside the regular stock exchangeB. buying the stock for someone elseC. paying less than the market price of the stockD. borrowing money to help pay for the stock____ 206. Which of the following was not an effect of the Great Depression?A. Many children had a poor diet.B. Many families became homeless.C. Many men became unemployed.D. Many people started farming.____ 207. Which of the following describes a government system for giving payments or food to the poor?A. rugged individualismB. direct reliefC. Bonus ArmyD. price support____ 208. In calling shantytowns "Hoovervilles, " people conveyed theirA. patriotism.B. trust in Hoover.C. disgust with Hoover.D. grudging respect for Hoover.____ 209. The aim of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act was toA. encourage new construction.B. increase the value of homes and farms.C. make it easier for banks to foreclose on farms and homes.D. prevent farmers and homeowners from losing their property.____ 210. An example of the psychological stress caused by the Great Depression was the rise in the number ofA. children who were malnourished.B. people who committed suicide.C. women who worked outside the home.D. men who stood in bread lines.____ 211. Herbert Hoover's approach to the Depression economy was based on a belief in

A. voluntary cooperation.B. separation of church and state.C. the golden rule.D. direct government relief.____ 212. During the Great Depression, the overall unemployment rate was aboutA. 100 percent.B. 75 percent.C. 25 percent.D. 10 percent.____ 213. One long-range effect of the Great Depression was that many peopleA. grew to like President Hoover.B. became risk takers in the stock market.C. developed habits of saving and thriftiness.D. came to believe in small government.____ 214. Within a few years, the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act led toA. a dramatic drop in world trade.B. Hoover's reelection as president.C. more demand for American manufactured goods.D. an unequal distribution of income in the United States.____ 215. All of the following were important causes of the Great Depression exceptA. both individuals and businesses built up large debts because of easy credit.B. tariffs on foreign imports were lowered.C. the federal government did not insure people's bank accounts.D. the stock market crashed.____ 216. Causes of the farming crisis of the 1920s included the fact thatA. demand for crops fell after World War I.B. most people did not own electric refrigerators.C. the Dust Bowl took much land out of production.D. federal price-supports of corn and wheat were not effective.

***Chapter 18***____ 217. What was the first major action Roosevelt took as president?A. He called the first meeting of the "Brain Trust."B. He proposed a reorganization of the Supreme Court.C. He closed all of the nation's banks and ordered inspections.D. He established the Civil Works Administration to provide job relief.____ 218. Who was the first woman to serve in the cabinet?A. Arlene FrancisB. Frances PerkinsC. Eleanor RooseveltD. Mary McLeod Bethune____ 219. Which of the following was a goal of the New Deal?A. regulate the stock marketB. deregulate the nation's banking systemC. decrease prices of farm goodsD. increase crop production____ 220. Which of the following was most directly responsible for creating new jobs and putting people to work?A. Social Security ActB. Fair Labor Standards ActC. National Labor Relations ActD. Works Progress Administration

____ 221. Which of the following was the main objective of the Agricultural Adjustment Act?A. to increase farm productionB. to raise prices of farm products

C. to provide pensions for retired farmersD. to encourage more people to enter farming____ 222. Which of the following pieces of New Deal legislation was ruled unconstitutional by the SupremeCourt?A. Wagner ActB. Social Security ActC. Emergency Banking Relief ActD. National Industrial Recovery Act____ 223. What role did Eleanor Roosevelt play in the Roosevelt administration?A. She served as a cabinet member.B. She focused on being an excellent hostess.C. She was an important advisor on foreign policy.D. She was an important advisor on domestic policy.____ 224. Which of the following reached a new high during Roosevelt's first term as president?A. tariff ratesB. employment ratesC. the national debtD. per capita income____ 225. Who wrote the novel The Grapes of Wrath about the grim lives of Oklahomans fleeing the Dust Bowlduring the Depression?A. Grant WoodB. John SteinbeckC. Richard WrightD. Dorothea Lange____ 226. ___ were least likely to be a part of the New Deal coalition.A. Rural DemocratsB. African AmericansC. Southern RepublicansD. Unionized industrial workers____ 227. ___ claimed that the New Deal policies were inadequate and proposed a social program calledShare-Our-Wealth.A. Huey LongB. Francis TownsendC. John L. LewisD. Charles Coughlin____ 228. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration was most helpful to___.A. farmers in isolated rural areasB. the unemployed, the aged, and the illC. politicians and business ownersD. mass-production industrial workers____ 229. The American public perceived many characteristics in President Roosevelt, but ___ was probably notone of them.A. compassionB. determinationC. self-confidenceD. economic conservatism

____ 230. The Supreme Court ruled that the ___ was unconstitutional on the grounds that its provisions were local matters and should be regulated by the states.A. Federal Securities ActB. Fair Labor Standards Act

C. Wagner ActD. Agricultural Adjustment Act____ 231. Of the following New Deal policies, ___ had the biggest long-term impact on the American economy.A. Social Security ActB. Civilian Conservation CorpsC. Tennessee Valley AuthorityD. Federal Emergency Relief Administration____ 232. The _____ reflected President Roosevelt's concern for the natural environment.A. Civil Works AdministrationB. National Youth AdministrationC. Civilian Conservation CorpsD. Works Progress Administration

***Chapters 19-20***____ 233. Which of the following leaders transformed the Soviet Union from a rural nation into an industrial power?A. StalinB. HitlerC. LeninD. Mussolini____ 234. What is genocide, as practiced by the Nazis?A. the broadcasting of anti-Semitic ideasB. the deliberate extermination of a specific group of peopleC. the abuse of a nation's citizens by their own governmentD. the killing of people for the purpose of creating terror____ 235. On what did the German military strategy of blitzkrieg depend?A. a system of fortificationsB. "out-waiting" the opponentC. surprise and overwhelming forceD. the ability to make a long, steady advance____ 236. When did Britain and France adopt a policy of appeasement toward Germany?A. before the war beganB. when they declared warC. when the United States declared warD. after France was invaded and divided____ 237. Which of the following correctly matches the politician with his nation?A. Austria -- Joseph StalinB. Spain -- Francisco FrancoC. Britain -- Charles de GaulleD. France -- Neville Chamberlain____ 238. Which group of people suffered 6 million deaths during the Holocaust?A. NationalistsB. AryansC. FacistsD. Jews____ 239. Which nation(s) signed a nonaggression pact with Germany that led to the invasion and division of Poland?A. ItalyB. SpainC. Italy and JapanD. the Soviet Union

____ 240. In following a policy of appeasement, what did Britain and France do?A. declared war on GermanyB. submitted to Hitler's demandsC. entered into a formal defense alliance

D. pressured the United States to enter the war____ 241. The actions of which country finally forced the United States to enter the war?A. ItalyB. JapanC. GermanyD. the Soviet Union____ 242. Which of the following did Adolf Hitler oppose?A. KristallnachtB. the Munich PactC. the Nuremberg LawsD. the Treaty of Versailles____ 243. How were Britain and France drawn into war with Germany?A. Hitler had taken power in Germany.B. Germany had attacked Poland.C. Germany had attacked Czechoslovakia.D. Germany had pulled out of the League of Nations.____ 245. On which of the following did Joseph Stalin and Benito Mussolini disagree?A. nationalismB. ownership of propertyC. centralized governmentD. militaristic expansionism____ 246. What caused militarist leaders to gain control of the Japanese government in the early 1930s?A. a civil war in JapanB. Hideki Tojo'sappointment as prime ministerC. U.S. shipments of arms and supplies to ChinaD. their successful invasion of resource-rich Manchuria____ 247. Which of the following matches a nation with another nation that it invaded in the 1930s?A. Italy invaded FinlandB. Germany invaded EthiopiaC. Soviet Union invaded PolandD. Japan invaded the United States____ 248. Which of the following statements most accurately reflects Roosevelt's feelings toward joining the war?A. He agreed with the isolationists and promoted an isolationist policy.B. He wanted to help the Allies but had to appease U.S. citizens who opposed entering the war.C. He wanted to avoid the war because he did not see it as a threat to the United States.D. He did not understand the position of isolationists and was eager to join the war.____ 249. Which country was one of the Allied powers?A. ItalyB. PolandC. Soviet UnionD. Spain____ 254. To protest discrimination, ___ organized a march on Washington on July 1, 1941.A. Franklin D. RooseveltB. Harry S. TrumanC. General George MarshallD. Phillip Randolph____ 255. The Allied invasion of ___ was given the code name D-Day.A. JapanB. ItalyC. North AfricaD. Nazi-occupied Europe____ 256. Truman's aim in deciding to drop the atomic bomb was to ___.A. find out how destructive the bomb really wasB. teach Japanese military leaders a lessonC. end the war and save American lives

D. show how powerful the United States was____ 257. With respect to finding better jobs, the war years marked a period of ___ for African Americans.A. declineB. advanceC. stagnationD. uncertainty____ 258. To combat wartime inflation, the U.S. government did all of the following exceptA. raise and extend the income tax.B. impose wage and price controls.C. encourage the purchase of war bonds.D. increase production of consumer goods.____ 259. Roosevelt's decision to remove people of Japanese ancestry to internment camps was a response toA. strong anti-Japanese sentiment.B. verified reports of Japanese Americans acting as spies.C. the lack of Japanese Americans serving in the armed forces.D. rumors that the Japanese were developing an atomic bomb.____ 260. An example of racial tensions during the war years isA. sit-ins in the South staged by CORE.B. the actions of the Tuskegee Airmen.C. anti-Mexican demonstrations in Detroit.D. the "zoot-suit" riots in Los Angeles.

***Chapter 21***____ 261. The main goal of the ___ was to stop the spread of communism.A. Truman DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. iron curtainD. Warsaw Pact____ 262. General Douglas MacArthur commanded U.S. forces in ___.A. GuatemalaB. HungaryC. the Middle EastD. Korea____ 263. The ___ appeared to be winning the Korean War until China actively entered the conflict.A. CommunistsB. NationalistsC. South KoreansD. North Koreans____ 264. The United States responded to fear of Soviet military action in the Middle East by issuing the ___.A. Marshall PlanB. Truman DoctrineC. Warsaw PactD. Eisenhower Doctrine____ 265. To label someone's activities as ___ would be to suggest that the person is making unsupportedaccusations.A. brinkmanshipB. ContainmentC. McCarthyismD. infiltration____ 266. When the Soviet Union exploded an atomic bomb, the United States responded by intensifying efforts to develop ___.A. NATOB. an atomic bombC. a space satellite

D. a hydrogen bomb____ 272. The main goal of the Truman Doctrine was toA. promote free elections in Europe.B. restrict the spread of communism.C. force Germany to pay war reparations.D. maintain international peace through the UN.____ 273. The Soviet blockade of West Berlin was a response toA. the Marshall Plan.B. the formation of NATO.C. efforts by Western nations to divide Germany.D. efforts by Western nations to reunify Germany.____ 274. After the U-2 incident, all of the following events occurred exceptA. the Soviet Union rejected Eisenhower's "open skies" proposal at Geneva.B. Khrushchev called off a summit conference on the arms race.C. Khrushchev withdrew his invitation for Eisenhower to visit the Soviet Union.D. Francis Gary Powers was released from prison after 18 months.____ 275. When an armistice was signed ending the Korean War,A. North and South Korea were still divided along the 38th parallel.B. a communist government was established in South Korea.C. communist fears in the United States were lifted.D. China gained control of the entire peninsula.____ 276. American interest in developing a hydrogen bomb intensified whenA. the policy of containment failed in China.B. the Soviet Union launched a space satellite.C. the Soviet Union exploded an atomic bomb.D. the Soviet Union exploded a hydrogen bomb.____ 277. The Eisenhower Doctrine was a warning to the Soviet Union against military intervention inA. Latin America.B. Eastern Europe.C. Western Europe.D. the Middle East.____ 279. All of the following were early effects of the conversion from a wartime to a peacetime economy exceptA. increased unemployment.B. inflation.C. the supply of goods exceeding demand.D. decreased wages.

***Chapter 24***____ 280. The first politician to skillfully use the new medium of television wasA. Harry S. Truman.B. Dwight D. Eisenhower.C. Richard M. Nixon.D. Adlai Stevenson.____ 281. The hot line established in 1963 did all of the following exceptA. link the White House and the Kremlin.B. make communication in a crisis easier.C. ease Cold War tensions.D. barred nuclear testing.

____ 282. John F. Kennedy, the Democratic nominee for President in 1960, was a senator fromA. NewYork.B. California.C. Texas.D. Massachusetts.

____ 283. The Peace Corps, a program of volunteer assistance to developing nations, wasA. proposed by Kennedy and failed.B. proposed by Johnson and failed.C. proposed by Kennedy and succeeded.D. proposed by Johnson and succeeded.____ 284. After investigating the assassination of JFK, the Warren Commission concluded thatA. Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone.B. Jack Ruby acted alone.C. there was evidence of a conspiracy.D. the CIA was involved.____ 285. The Economic Opportunity Act did all of the following exceptA. offer foreign aid to Latin American countries.B. give underprivileged preschoolers a head start.C. encourage poor people to join in public-works programs.D. create a training program for youth.____ 286. Lyndon Baines Johnson, who became president when Kennedy was assassinated, wasA. never elected president by the people.B. an experienced politician.C. mistrusted because he was a Catholic.D. opposed to the Great Society.____ 287. Medicare, a federal program established for Americans age 65 and over, was intended to provideA. housing.B. transportation.C. education.D. health insurance.____ 288. The Immigration Act of 1965A. stopped immigration from European countries.B. stopped immigration from non-European countries.C. ended quotas based on nationality.D. began quotas based on nationality.____ 289. Decisions of the Warren Court wereA. of little importance to the average American.B. praised by liberals.C. praised by conservatives.D. an obstacle to change in election districts.____ 290. What contributed to the end of the Cuban missile crisis?A. America's secret promise to remove missiles from TurkeyB. the discovery that the missiles had been removedC. Castro's promise to restore democracyD. Castro's promise to break with the Soviet Union____ 291. What was the main reason for the construction of the Berlin Wall?A. to embarrass AmericaB. to stop East Germans from fleeing to West BerlinC. to reduce Cold War tensionsD. to demonstrate the success of communism____ 292. How did America react to news that the Soviet Union was the first to put a man in space?A. indifferenceB. pride in human achievementC. determination not to lose the space raceD. threats of military action____ 293. Which of the following groups was intended to benefit the most from the Great Society programs?A. minorities and the poorB. white, middle-class familiesC. farmers and laborers

D. businessmen***Chapter 23***

____ 294. Which of the following affirmed the legality of racial segregation and prompted the passage of Jim Crow laws?A. the FourteenthB. the Civil Rights Act of 1875 AmendmentC. the decision in Plessy v. FergusonD. the decision in Morgan v. Virginia____ 295. Which doctrine relating to public education was overturned by the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education?A. due process of lawB. "separate but equal"C. "all deliberate speed"D. equal protection of the law____ 296. According to the Kerner Commission, what was the main cause of urban violence?A. white racismB. school segregationC. black nationalismD. dejure segregationCurrent Affairs Final Exam.tgt, Version: 1 39____ 297. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made segregation illegal in which of the following?A. housingB. churchesC. private universitiesD. public accommodations____ 298. What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 enable federal officials to do?A. register votersB. oversee the collection of poll taxesC. oversee programs to test voter literacyD. recount votes____ 299. The Civil Rights Act of 1968 banned discrimination in which activity?A. hiring an employeeB. selling or renting a homeC. awarding a construction contractD. admitting students to state universities____ 300. Which of the following is not associated with the Black Power movement?A. Malcolm XB. Stokely CarmichaelC. the Black PanthersD. the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party____ 301. Which of the following was not advocated by the Black Panthers?A. nonviolenceB. Black PowerC. black nationalismD. community development____ 302. Which of the following is an example of de facto segregation?A. poll taxesB. Jim Crow lawsC. a concentration of urban African Americans in slum areasD. a voter literacy test given to African Americans in the South

____ 303. In Brown v. Board of Education, the doctrine of ___ relating to public education was finallyoverturned.A. due process of lawB. "separate but equal"C. "all deliberate speed"

D. equal protection under the law____ 304. Events such as ___ helped set the stage for the civil rights movement.A. the rise of the Black Power movementB. the Civil Rights Act of 1968C. better access to good jobs during World War IID. the policy of apartheid in South Africa____ 305. The first organized movement by African Americans to fight segregation was ___.A. the "children's crusade" in BirminghamB. the Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycottC. the mass march on Washington, D.C.D. the Selma, Alabama, voting rights campaign____ 306. Martin Luther King, Jr., was a founder and the first president of the ___.A. Nation of IslamB. Mississippi Freedom Democratic PartyC. Southern Christian Leadership ConferenceD. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee____ 307. One accomplishment of the ___ was bringing about a federal ban on segregation in all interstatetravel facilities.A. Little Rock NineB. freedom ridersC. Black PanthersD. Montgomery bus boycott____ 308. De jure segregation is segregation that results from ___.A. lawsB. random chanceC. habit and customD. inequalities in education____ 309. In the summer of 1964, thousands of white college students took part in ___.A. riots in Northern cities resulting from racial tensionsB. a demonstration in support of integrating Southern collegesC. a funeral procession for Martin Luther King, Jr.D. a campaign to register African American voters in Mississippi____ 310. Appealing to many African Americans' anger and frustration over a lack of social and economic power, ______________ preached a militant approach to civil rights.A. Martin Luther King, Jr.B. Malcolm XC. Medgar EvarsD. Fannie Lou Hamer____ 311. A major turning point in the civil rights movement was marked by ___.A. the conversion of Malcolm X to orthodox IslamB. the drifting apart of SNCC and SCLCC. the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.D. the assassination of Robert Kennedy____ 312. One legacy of the civil rights movement that has been challenged in recent years is ___.A. equal opportunity in housingB. affirmative action programsC. black participation in politicsD. separate but equal facilities

____ 313. ___ was the United States' main goal in Vietnam.A. Reunifying VietnamB. Containing the spread of communismC. Upholding the Geneva AccordsD. Negotiating a cease-fire agreement with North Vietnam

____ 314. ___ served as the commander of U.S. troops in Vietnam.A. Dean RuskB. Clark CliffordC. Robert McNamaraD. William Westmoreland____ 315. In the early years of the war, a young man could automatically be deferred from the draft by ___.A. getting marriedB. enrolling in collegeC. getting a jobD. becoming a conscientious objector____ 316. ___ did not occur in 1968.A. The Tet OffensiveB. The U.S. invasion of CambodiaC. The assassination of Robert KennedyD. The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.____ 317. ___ set off the first general student strike in U.S. history.A. The invasion of CambodiaB. The assassination of Robert KennedyC. The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.D. Riots at the 1968 Democratic National Convention____ 318. After World War II, the United States aided ___ in its efforts to keep control of Vietnam.A. JapanB. ChinaC. FranceD. Britain____ 319. ___ enabled North Vietnam to send troops to South Vietnam.A. The Ho Chi Minh TrailB. The fall of Dien Bien PhuC. The strategic hamlet programD. Operation Rolling Thunder____ 320. The main purpose of the War Powers Act was to ___.A. expand the power of the militaryB. expand the power of the presidentC. restrict the power of the militaryD. restrict the power of the president____ 321. Why did Congress pass the War Powers Act?A. to allow military leaders more independenceB. to prevent tragedies like the My Lai massacreC. to limit the president's authority to wage warD. to increase the president's authority to wage war____ 322. Which president asked Congress for the Tonkin Gulf Resolution?A. Richard NixonB. Lyndon JohnsonC. John KennedyD. Dwight Eisenhower____ 323. Against whom did the ARVN fight?A. FranceB. United StatesC. North VietnamD. South Vietnam____ 324. Which of the following statements best defines the domino theory?A. If one country falls to communism, others in the region will fall, too.B. Communism will topple the global economy.C. Communism will cause the fall of the United States.D. Socialist governments are a threat to freedom.

____ 325. César Chávez used nonviolent means to organize Mexican-AmericanA. voters.B. students.C. farm workers.D. factory workers.____ 326. The Indian Education Act gave greater control over the education of Native Americans toA. state governments.B. Native American tribes.C. the Bureau of Indian Affairs.D. the American Indian Movement.____ 327. In the 1970s, the American Indian Movement organized all of the following except theA. occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.B. occupation of Wounded Knee, South Dakota.C. Trail of Broken Treaties march on Washington.D. meeting that resulted in the Declaration of Indian Purpose.____ 328. The modern feminist movement became more organized and focused after theA. passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.B. publication of The Feminine Mystique.C. publication of the first issue of Ms. magazine.D. founding of the National Women's Political Caucus.____ 329. The members of the counterculture movement were mostlyA. entertainers, artists, and musicians.B. Latinos and Native Americans.C. poor urban youths.D. white, middle-class college youths.____ 330. Conservatives placed the blame for the increasing permissiveness in society onA. women and minorities.B. Democrats.C. campus rebels and the counterculture.D. the Beatles.____ 331. The conservative reaction to the counterculture wasA. largely ineffective.B. helped propel Richard M. Nixon into the White House.C. set the nation on a more liberal course.D. posed a danger to traditional values.____ 332. Which of the following describes the actions of César Chávez?A. He ran for Congress as a liberal democrat.B. He adopted the tactics of nonviolent protest.C. He adopted the tactics of militant confrontation.D. He protested against agricultural unionization.____ 333. President Nixon adopted a policy known as ___ in order to reduce the size and power of the federal government.A. détenteB. StagflationC. New FederalismD. realpolitik____ 334. In 1973, the OPEC nations cut off their supply of ___ to the United States.A. grainB. oilC. moneyD. consumer goods____ 335. Nixon's visit to ___ in 1972 to begin normalizing relations was a reversal of previous American policy established in 1949.A. the Soviet UnionB. ChinaC. East Germany

D. Vietnam____ 336. In the event known as ___, Nixon ordered Attorney General Richardson to fire the special prosecutor investigating the Watergate break-in.A. the Saturday Night MassacreB. impeachmentC. the Southern strategyD. Black Monday____ 337. When Nixon resigned, ___ became president.A. Spiro AgnewB. Ronald ReaganC. Gerald FordD. Jimmy Carter____ 338. President Carter's foreign policy was marked by a commitment to ___.A. détenteB. free tradeC. compromiseD. human rights____ 339. The Camp David Accords were an agreement between ___ and Israel.A. EgyptB. ChinaC. SyriaD. Iran____ 340. Which of the following techniques was not used by the Nixon administration against perceivedenemies in the United States?A. illegal wiretapsB. arrest without causeC. audits of tax returnsD. CIA investigations____ 341. Why was Ford's "Whip Inflation Now" program unsuccessful?A. It asked Americans to conserve energy.B. The public was not concerned about inflation.C. It provided no incentives for Americans to conserve energy.D. Americans became impatient because it worked too slowly.____ 342. What has been the most lasting effect of Watergate?A. Democratic control of the White HouseB. Democratic control of CongressC. an economic downturnD. public cynicism about government____ 343. Which man was not forced out of his job during the Watergate scandal?A. John DeanB. Leon JaworskiC. Archibald CoxD. Elliot Richardson____ 344. The Strategic Defense Initiative was an extremely costlyA. bomber.B. missile defense system.C. communications system.D. plan for international alliance.

____ 345. During Reagan's presidency, federal spending increased most forA. defense and the military.B. job training and school loans.C. urban mass transit in major cities.D. environmental protection.

____ 346. President Reagan made a point of appointing administrators to the Environmental Protection Agency who were sympathetic toA. business interests.B. foreign interests.C. agricultural interests.D. environmental interests.____ 347. Presidents Reagan and Bush were most successful in meeting their goal ofA. consistently lowering taxes.B. problem-free federal deregulation.C. cutting off the supply of illegal drugs.D. making the Supreme Court more conservative.____ 348. When George H. W. Bush ran for president in 1988, his opponent wasA. Oliver North.B. Jimmy Carter.C. Walter Mondale.D. Michael Dukakis.____ 349. People who support pay equity argue that women should be paidA. for household work.B. the same as men for doing the same jobs.C. more than men, to make up for past discrimination.D. more than men, to combat the feminization of poverty.____ 350. ___ was the goal of the program known as Star Wars.A. National defenseB. Space explorationC. Improved satellite communicationsD. Increased competition in the airline industry____ 351. The main purpose of the tax cuts Reagan supported was to ___.A. raise interest ratesB. stimulate private investmentC. allow women to leave the workforceD. increase consumer spending on imports____ 352. According to the theory of supply-side economics, ___ is the first step toward creating a healthy economy.A. raising taxesB. increasing interest ratesC. increasing government spendingD. cutting taxes____ 353. A member of the New Right who objected to affirmative action was most likely to criticize it for ___.A. resulting in discrimination against white menB. benefiting only professional, white-collar workersC. inaccurately determining who qualified as a minorityD. failing to adequately correct the injustices of the past____ 354. In an attempt to fill the Supreme Court with conservatives, Reagan nominated ___, the first woman ever appointed to the Court.A. Anita HillB. Peggy NoonanC. Geraldine FerraroD. Sandra Day O'Connor

____ 355. In 1987, Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev announced his plans for ___, or a restructuring of the Soviet economy and government.A. glasnostB. perestroikaC. SandinistaD. Contra

____ 356. In 1994, Proposition 187 was passed in California toA. keep illegal immigrants from taking jobs from residents.B. prevent illegal immigrants from entering the state.C. cut off education and health benefits to illegal immigrants.D. improve economic opportunities for both legal and illegal immigrants.____ 357. Bill Clinton became the second president in U.S. history to beA. elected without a popular majority.B. impeached by the House.C. reelected to a third term.D. denounced by the Republican Party.____ 358. One hoped-for benefit of genetic engineering is the ability toA. prevent inherited diseases.B. create visual models on computers.C. end the AIDS epidemic.D. perform long-distance surgery.____ 359. Soon after being elected, President George W. Bush pushed forA. lower tariffs.B. tax cuts.C. expanding Social Security.D. reducing the budget deficit.____ 360. President Bill Clinton can best be described as aA. conservative liberal.B. traditional democrat.C. compassionate conservative.D. radical republican.____ 361. In his foreign policy, President Clinton emphasizedA. increasing military aid to Russia.B. staying out of conflicts in other parts of the world.C. increasing trade with China.D. supporting allies such as the Serbs in Yugoslavia.

- Congratulations!!! You have completed the comprehensive U.S. history exam review. Now, go back and look at the chapters that you were a bit fuzzy on.

- If you are missing any portion of the review guide, go online and print it out. ALL PARTS must be turned in, AND ANSWERED, to receive a 100. This packet is due on your exam day.