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Transcript of N A S A G O D D A R D S P A C E F L I G H T C E N T E R I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d...
![Page 1: N A S A G O D D A R D S P A C E F L I G H T C E N T E R I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y Earth Atmosphere.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081000/56649d215503460f949f6cc4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
N A S A G O D D A R D S P A C E F L I G H T C E N T E R
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Earth Atmosphere Solar-Occultation Imager
(EASI)Electro-Mechanical
Jason Budinoff
2 August 2002
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p22 August 2002 EASI
Mechanism Design Drivers
•Design operating environment 40-50+ K•50mm beam diameter•System-level alignment rate of > 1 Hz requires fast response, high duty cycle mechanisms– Dynamic balancing probably required to reduce
mechanism-induced jitter•System level 0.1 arcsec co-alignment requirement •All actuators will have dual windings (coils) for redundancy
•Some mechanisms dynamically balanced for minimal jitter input
•All mechanism drive electronics will have partial/on-board redundancy
•Costing assumes prototype, single ETU, flight units, ~50% flight spares
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p32 August 2002 EASI
EASI Mechanisms
• At each telescope (5x)– Tip/Tilt entire telescope– Tip/Tilt/Piston/Decenter secondary– Shutter
• At each delay line (5x)– Tip/Tilt single flat element– Piston dihedral element
• Combiner Telescope (1x)– Tip/Tilt/Piston/Decenter secondary– Shutter
• Spectrometer– Lens flip mechanism
![Page 4: N A S A G O D D A R D S P A C E F L I G H T C E N T E R I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y Earth Atmosphere.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081000/56649d215503460f949f6cc4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p42 August 2002 EASI
Delay Lines (per line)
• Delay Line Tip/Tilt Mechanism – 2-axis fast steering
mirror•Extensive heritage,
GLAS, TOP HAT, Left Hand Design, Ball Aerospace…
•Dynamically balanced•+/- 1 degree range•0.1 microradian (0.02
arcsec) resolution•200 mW avg
dissipation, >50% duty cycle
•2.5 kg
• Delay Line Piston Mechanism– CIRS-type linear
scanner– +/- 10 mm range– 0.05 micron resolution– Launch lock required– Dynamically balanced– 200 mW avg
dissipation, >50% duty cycle
– 7 kg w/ dihedral– New Technology =
Development Risk
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p52 August 2002 EASI
Collector Telescopes
• Secondary 5(6) DOF mechanism– Provides tip, tilt, focus,
decenter• +/- 2 degrees range
tip/tilt• 0.01 arcsec resolution• +/- 5 mm range focus,
decenter • 0.1 micron resolution
– Hexapod pointer w/ jitter attenuation
– 6 stepper-motor driven struts, power off hold
– Piezo- or voice coil attenuators
• Infrequent use, seasonal duty cycle for steppers, >50% for attenuators
• Mass ~3.1 kg
• Telescope tip/tilt mechanism– +/- 3 degree range– 0.1 arcsec resolution
• Power-off hold• Flexure-based• 2 Geared stepper
motor /cam drives• Mass ~ 4 kg• ~5W dissipation
(transient)• Infrequent use,
seasonal duty cycle• Shutter Mechanism
– Magnetic scissors shutter– DIRBE, CIRS heritage
• < 0.5 mW dissipation when closed
• Power-off open• Dynamically balanced• ~1.5 kg TBD
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p62 August 2002 EASI
Combiner Telescope
• Secondary 5(6) DOF mechanism– Provides tip, tilt, focus,
decenter• +/- 2 degrees range tip/tilt
– 0.01 arcsec resolution• +/- 5 mm range focus,
decenter – 0.1 micron resolution
– Hexapod pointer w/ jitter attenuation• 6 stepper-motor driven
struts, power off hold• Piezo- or voice coil
attenuators• Infrequent use, seasonal
duty cycle for steppers, >50% for attenuators
• Mass ~3.1 kg TBD• DCATT, LANL/Honeywell VISS• New Technology =
Development Risk
• Shutter Mechanism– Magnetic scissors shutter– DIRBE, CIRS heritage
•< 0.5 mW dissipation when closed
•Power-off open•Dynamically balanced
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p72 August 2002 EASI
Spectrometer
• 1-2 micron Coarse/Fine Piston Adjustment Mechanism– Rotates 50mm lens into/out of beam in 1-2 channel– Repeatability to +/-.5 degree, +/-2 mm
• Fairly insensitive to repeatability error– Stepper motor– Power-off position hold– HST heritage– Infrequent use, seasonal duty cycle– Mass 2 kg
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p82 August 2002 EASI
Mechanisms Electronics
• Separate electronics box in “warm” area of s/c• Baseline 6 boards w/partial (on-board)
redundancy• 6 board box will weigh ~4 kg
– Delay Line Piston Board– Delay Line Tip/Tilt Board– Secondary Mechanism Board– Shutter Board– Telescope Tilt Board– Secondary Power (+/-5V, +/-28V)
Conditioning Board• Total average power 66 Watts (GLAS MECH
board)
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p92 August 2002 EASI
Mechanisms Summary
•23 total– 6 telescope secondary 5(6) DOF pointers– 5 delay line tip/tilts– 5 delay line pistons– 5 telescope shutters – 1 focal plane shutter – 1 lens flip– 6 boards
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p102 August 2002 EASI
Mechanisms Cost Estimate
Mechanisms NRE, $K EA, $K QTY TOTAL, $K
EA x QTY
NET TOTAL, $K
TOTAL + NRE
5(6) DOF Secondary Mechanism
3000 400 9(6) 3600 6600
Delay Line Tip/Tilt Mechanism
1000 180 8(5) 1440 2440
Delay Line Piston Mechanism
3000 400 8(5) 3200 6200
Telescope Shutter 300 100 8(5) 800 1100
Focal Plane Shutter 300 100 2(1) 200 500
Lens Flip Mechanism 300 100 2(1) 200 500
Electronics Box, Harness
1000 200 1(1) 200 1200
Totals 8900 9640 18,540
-NRE includes manpower, breadboard, 1 engineering unit & supporting electronics & qualification environmental testing.-unit price (EA) includes manpower, 1 flight unit & acceptance environmental testing.-qty is shown as purchased(needed for flight); eg 8(5) means purchasing 8 and flying 5. This reflects ~50% flight spares
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p112 August 2002 EASI
Future Work 1
• Development of new technology mechanisms– Some EASI mechanisms require 1-2 orders of magnitude
increase in state-of-the-art performance (range/resolution/stability) in cryogenic environment.•Secondary 5(6) DOF mechanism
– Very high dynamic range, minimum power dissipation– Integrated vibration attenuation– Dynamic balancing– Tight packaging
•Delay line piston mechanism– Very high dynamic range, minimum power dissipation– Integrated vibration attenuation– Dynamic balancing
• Supporting facilities for 0.01 arcsecond-level stable measurements & alignments
– Verification of individual mechanism performance will require STABLE interferometric, cryogenic facility setup.
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Electro-Mechanical
I n s t r u m e n t S y n t h e s i s a n d A n a l y s i s L a b o r a t o r y
Jason Budinoff p122 August 2002 EASI
Future Work 2
•Complexity of delay line control algorithm– Delay line controller will require multiple, recursive,
nested loops– Observatory delay lines will operate at high rates
>10 Hz?– This causes a flow-down to the individual
mechanisms•Each delay line correction will require many iterations in mechanism positions– Mechanisms will require very tight controllers,
with settle times in the low millisecond range to 0.01 (+/-0.005” !!) arcsecond, operating in concert with vibration attenuation controller.