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Airton Lastori [email protected]
30-jan-2013
MySQL para Desenvolvedores
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@MySQLBR
meetup.com/MySQL-BR
facebook.com/MySQLBR
MySQLBR
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Alguns clientes MySQL
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Alguns clientes MySQL
fonte: alexa.com/topsites 30-jan-2013
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Alguns clientes MySQL
mysql.com/customers
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Alguns clientes MySQL
mysql.com/customers
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Tipos de aplicação
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Enterprise
Community
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Desafio de desenvolvedor #1
Quais são os requisitos não
funcionais da minha aplicação?
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Na escolha da solução, considerar...
Escalabilidade, performance, disponibilidade,
estabilidade, segurança, simplicidade, flexibilidade,
custo total de propriedade, conhecimento da equipe...
Ah! Não esqueça da fase de produção, dos DBAs...
ferramentas, suporte, rotinas de manutenção.
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MySQL para desenvolvedores
Portfolio
Ambiente de desenvolvimento
Escalabilidade e Alta-disponibilidade
Conhecendo melhor o
universo MySQL para
fazer boas escolhas…
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MySQL para desenvolvedores
Portfolio
Ambiente de desenvolvimento
Escalabilidade e Alta-disponibilidade
Conhecendo melhor o
universo MySQL para
fazer boas escolhas…
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MySQL Database Community Server
MySQL Cluster
MySQL Workbench
MySQL Connectors
MySQL Proxy
Documentação não GPL
Forums, Lists, Bugs, Blogs…
Compromisso Oracle com MySQL Community Portfólio disponível para download e uso sob GPL
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Conectores: amplo suporte a várias linguagens
Oracle
• Connector/ODBC
• Connector/Net (ADO.NET)
• Connector/Python
• Connector/J (JDBC)
• Connector/C (C API)
• Connector/C++ (C++ API)
Comunidade
• PHP
• Perl
• Ruby
• TCL
• Eiffel
• …
dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/connectors-apis.html
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Oracle Premier Lifetime Support
Oracle Product Certifications/Integrations
MySQL Enterprise High Availability
MySQL Enterprise Security
MySQL Enterprise Scalability
MySQL Enterprise Backup
MySQL Enterprise Monitor/Query Analyzer
MySQL Workbench
MySQL Enterprise Edition Maior produtividade e mitigação de riscos
MySQL Enterprise Audit
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MySQL para desenvolvedores
Portfolio
Ambiente de desenvolvimento
Escalabilidade e Alta-disponibilidade
Conhecendo melhor o
universo MySQL para
fazer boas escolhas…
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Desafio de desenvolvedor #2
Instalação básica, ambiente de
desenvolvimento…
...em 15 minutos, ou menos!
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mysql.com/downloads/mysql
No Linux ou Mac, prefira os binários
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Client mysql / mysql.exe
Server mysqld / mysqld.exe
Cliente-Servidor
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Iniciar ou Parar o servidor MySQL no Windows
…ou via MySQL Notifier
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Iniciar ou Parar o servidor MySQL no Linux
/usr/local/mysql/bin> mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
/usr/local/mysql/bin> mysqladmin shutdown
Parar:
Iniciar:
dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysqld-safe.html
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Primeira conexão
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\bin>mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: ****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.5.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
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Teste via MySQL Workbench 1/2
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Teste via MySQL Workbench 2/2
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App + Connector JDBC, ODBC, .Net, PHP, Python, Perl, Ruby, Native C API…
Server mysqld / mysqld.exe
Cliente-Servidor
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Desafio de desenvolvedor #3
Hello World…
...em Java
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Adicione o driver MySQL ao CLASSPATH caminho completo do .jar
C:\>set CLASSPATH
CLASSPATH=.;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre6\lib\ext\QTJava.zip;C:\Program
Files\MySQL\mysql-connector-java-5.1.22\mysql-connector-java-5.1.22-bin.jar
Confira:
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HelloMysql.java 1/2
import java.sql.*;
public class HelloMysql {
public static void main(String args[]){
System.out.println("Tentando conectar ao MySQL...");
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql";
String usuario = "root";
String senha = "root";
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, usuario, senha);
System.out.println("URL: " + url);
System.out.println("Connection: " + con);
Continua…
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HelloMysql.java 2/2 Statement stmt = con.createStatement(); //objeto Statement
ResultSet rs; //objeto ResultSet
rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM world.country");
System.out.println("Ola mundo!");
while(rs.next()){
String nomePais = rs.getString("Name");
System.out.print(nomePais + ", ");
}//end while
con.close();
} catch( Exception e ) {
e.printStackTrace();
}//end catch
}//end main
}//end class HelloMysql PRONTO!
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java HelloMysql C:\tutorial>javac HelloMysql.java
C:\tutorial>java HelloMysql
Tentando conectar ao MySQL...
URL: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql
Connection: com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@ed07f45
Ola mundo!
Aruba, Afghanistan, Angola, Anguilla, Albania, Andorra, Netherlands Antilles, Un
ited Arab Emirates, Argentina, Armenia, American Samoa, Antarctica, French South
ern territories, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Burundi, B
elgium, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Bahrain, Bahamas, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Belarus, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil, Barbados, Brunei, Bhutan
…
ietnam, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, South Africa, Zamb
ia, Zimbabwe,
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Próximo passo: documentação
Reference Manual
1. Tutorial
2. SQL Syntax
3. Connectors & APIs, Memcached
4. Functions, Views, Stored Programs
5. Optimization
dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/index.html
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MySQL para desenvolvedores
Portfolio
Ambiente de desenvolvimento
Escalabilidade e Alta-disponibilidade
Conhecendo melhor o
universo MySQL para
fazer boas escolhas…
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Desafio do desenvolvedor #4
Projetar uma solução para
disponibilidade 24x7…
...a famosa alta-disponibilidade
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% 9 9 9 9 35 dias 4 days 50 min 5 min 8 horas
Replicação
Clustering &
Virtualização
Clustering &
Redundância
Geográfica
ISPs &
Corporativo
On-Line
Services
eCommerce
Telecoms, Militar
. 9 4 dias
Cu
sto
& C
om
ple
xid
ad
e
Alta-Disponibilidade
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Aplicação
Master Slave
• Modelo assíncrono (padrão)
• Modelo semi-síncrono (a partir da versão 5.5)
Escritas & Leituras
Replicação MySQL
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Aplicação
Master Slave
• Master down
• Slave promovido para Master
Escritas & Leituras
MySQL failover
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Replicação
Clustering &
Virtualização
Clustering &
Redundância
Geográfica
Replicação
DRBD
Cu
sto
& C
om
ple
xid
ad
e
Alta-Disponibilidade
% 9 9 9 9 35 dias 4 days 50 min 5 min 8 horas
eCommerce
Telecoms, Militar
. 9 4 dias
ISPs &
Corporativo
On-Line
Services
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Soluções certificadas MySQL HA: resumo
mysql.com/why-mysql/white-papers/mysql_wp_ha_strategy_guide.php
MySQL 5.6
Replication
Windows
Cluster
Solaris
Cluster
Oracle VM
Template DRBD
MySQL
Cluster
Nível de disponibilidade 99.9% 99.95% 99.99% 99.99% 99.99% 99.999%
Auto-Failover ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Sem perda de dados durante
failover ✔
Semi-Sync ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Plataformas suportadas All Windows Solaris Linux Linux All
Modo de clusterização Master +
Slaves
Active /
Passive
Active /
Passive
Active /
Passive
Active /
Passive
Multi-
Master
Dispensa Shared Storage ✔ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✔ ✔
Ponto único de suporte ✔ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
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Desafio do desenvolvedor #5
Projetar uma solução que possa
crescer para comportar milhões
de usuários…
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Scale Out
• Adicionar mais servidores para
aumentar performance
• MySQL adota esta abordagem
em sistemas altamente
escaláveis em hardware
commodity (Intel / AMD)
Scale Up
• Trocar por hardware mais
poderoso, adicionar memória,
CPU
• Outras soluções normalmente
usam hardware proprietário
(SMP)
Escalabilidade: horizontal vs vertical
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2008
até 4 CPU
MySQL 5.0
MySQL AB
até 16 CPU
MySQL 5.1
Sun
até 32 CPU
MySQL 5.5
Oracle
até 48 CPU
MySQL 5.6
Evolução da escalabilidade do MySQL
2009 2010 2013
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Sysbench
32-core
Mesmo Hardware
Tuning ótimo
Benchmarks MySQL 5.5 vs 5.6
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Sysbench
32-core
Same Hardware
Optimal Tuning
Sysbench
32-core
Mesmo Hardware
Tuning ótimo
Benchmarks MySQL 5.5 vs 5.6
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Escalabilidade horizontal
Replicação MySQL
• método mais simples e mais comum
• indicado para aplicações de LEITURA intensiva
• problemas com cache duplicado em aplicações com datasets grandes
Particionamento Funcional
• dividir a carga em múltiplos nós, com responsabilidades distintas
• os nós podem ter redundância via replicação para alta-disponibilidade
• normalmente não é transparente para a aplicação e também recorre ao scale up para cada database funcional, o que impõe limites
Data Sharding
• método de maior sucesso para escalar aplicações MySQL de grande porte hoje
• dados compartilhados em tabelas/caches globais, SOA
• difícil de adaptar aplicações legadas
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Replicação MySQL: escalando LEITURAS
• Divisão de leituras e escritas (R/W Split)
• É possível adicionar mais slaves, dividir a carga
Leituras
Aplicação
Master Slave
Escritas & Leituras
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding: escalando ESCRITAS
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding: escalando ESCRITAS
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1
F3
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding: escalando ESCRITAS
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1
F3
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
F2
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding: escalando ESCRITAS
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1
F3
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
F2
F4
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding: escalando ESCRITAS
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Desafios do desenvolvedor #4 + #5
É possível combinar alta-
disponibilidade e escalabilidade?
...assim como Facebook, Twitter, Youtube
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1
F1
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding + Replicação
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1 F3
F1
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1 F3
Data Sharding + Replicação
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1 F3
F3 F1
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
F2
F2
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Alta-Disponibilidade: Replicação Síncrona
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1 F3
F3 F1
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
F2 F4
F4 F2
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding + Replicação
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1 F3
F3 F1
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
F2 F4
F4 F2
Gro
up
1
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding + Replicação
Gro
up
2
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Data Node 1
Data Node 2
F1 F3
F3 F1
Data Node 3
Data Node 4
F2 F4
F4 F2
Gro
up
1
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1
Data Sharding + Replicação
Gro
up
2
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Casos de muito sucesso
Youtube
Flickr
Evernote
…
highscalability.com
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MySQL Cluster Data Nodes
Data Layer
Clients
Application Layer
Management
MySQL Cluster: auto-sharding
Table T1
P2
P3
P4
P1 F1
F3
F3
F1 F2
F4
F4
F2
Management
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Os mesmos dados
acessados
simultaneamente
através de interfaces
SQL e NoSQL
APIs de Acesso aos Dados
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Alguns Clientes MySQL Cluster
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•2 milhões usuários, com 30.000 novos
usuários por dia
•10.000 usuários concorrentes
•10.000 Transações Por Segundo
•99.999% uptime
“The MySQL support service has
been essential in helping us for
troubleshooting and giving
recommendations for the production
cluster.” Carlos Morales (DBA), Playfulplay.com
blogs.oracle.com/MySQL/entry/mysql_cluster_powers_el_chavo
Caso de sucesso
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MySQL Cluster
• Arquitetura shared-nothing in-memory parallel
• Modelo relacional ACID, SQL
Carrier Grade Database
• 99.999% de disponibilidade
• Self-healing, failover abaixo de 1 segundo Alta Disponibilidade
• Performance em tempo real para altas cargas
• Latência baixa e preditiva Alta Performance
• Elasticidade, crescimento incremental
• Escalabilidade linear, distribuition aware Escalabilidade
• Open Source, hardware commodity
• APIs NoSQL (C++, Java, Memcached, Node.js) Open Source
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MySQL Cluster Auto-Install (beta)
Simples de instalar e provisionar clusters multi-node
Complementa MySQL Cluster Manager no gerenciamento de cliclo de vida
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1. Download MCM/Cluster edelivery.oracle.com:
2. Unzip e execute o comando:
MySQL Cluster Manager Para testes em uma única máquina
C:\MySQL\mcm\bin> mcmd –bootstrap
MySQL Cluster Manager 1.1.2 started
Connect to MySQL Cluster Manager by running “C:\MySQL\mcm\bin\mcm" -a NOVA:1862
Configuring default cluster 'mycluster'...
Starting default cluster 'mycluster'...
Cluster 'mycluster' started successfully
ndb_mgmd NOVA:1186
ndbd NOVA
ndbd NOVA
mysqld NOVA:3306
mysqld NOVA:3307
ndbapi *
Connect to the database by running “C:\MySQL\mcm\cluster\bin\mysql" -h NOVA -P 3306 -u root
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Mais sobre como começar com MySQL Cluster
Whitepaper:
MySQL Cluster Evaluation Guide
February 2012
mysql.com/why-mysql/white-papers/mysql-
cluster-evaluation-guide/
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Exemplos Memcached API
On-demand Webinar:
NoSQL Memcached API for MySQL Cluster
22 August 2012
mysql.com/news-and-events/on-demand-webinars/display-od-723.html
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Exemplos JavaScript / Node.js API
Blog:
Tutorial Getting Started with the NoSQL JavaScript / Node.js API for
MySQL Cluster
10 June 2012
blogs.oracle.com/MySQL/entry/tutorial_getting_started_with_the
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Novo Desafio do desenvolvedor
Big Data
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ORGANIZE ANALYZE
DECIDE
MySQL in the Big Data Lifecycle
Binlog API
BI Solutions
NoSQL APIs
ACQUIRE
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MySQL e Big Data
Whitepaper:
MySQL and Hadoop – Big Data Integration
December 2012
mysql.com/why-mysql/white-papers/mysql-
and-hadoop-guide-to-big-data-integration/
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Sumário
O MySQL é o banco de dados open source mais popular do
mundo, usado em grandes sites, aplicações mobile e
embarcadas.
Há várias opções de arquiteturas e APIs, oferecendo enorme
flexibilidade, escalabilidade e alta-disponibilidade.
Instale e comece a usar em menos de 15min. Use e abuse da
documentação!
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@MySQLBR
meetup.com/MySQL-BR
facebook.com/MySQLBR
Obrigado!
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Perguntas?
MySQL para Desenvolvedores
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Clients & Connectors Native C API, JDBC, ODBC, .Net, PHP, Ruby, Python, VB, Perl
Connection Pool, SQL Interface, Parser, Optimizer, Caches Enterprise Management
Services and Utilities
Backup & Recovery
Monitor
Workbench
Utilities
mysqld
Clients and Apps
Arquitetura MySQL Server
Storage Engines InnoDB, MyISAM, Memory, Archive, Cluster (NDB API), etc…
Filesystems, Files and Logs Data, Index, Redo, Undo, Binary, Error, Slow
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Storage Engines
MyISAM InnoDB NDB Cluster
Transações ✖ ✔ ✔
Nível de Lock Tabela Linha Linha
Replicação Assíncrona ou
Semi-síncrona
Assíncrona ou
Semi-síncrona Síncrona, Multi-master
Foreign Keys ✖ ✔ a partir da v7.3
Full-text indexes ✔ a partir da v5.6 ✖
Compressão de dados somente Leitura ✔ ✖
Caches somente Índices Dados e Índices Dados e Índices
Suporte Geospacial Tipos de Dados e Índices somente Tipos de Dados somente Tipos de Dados
Limite de armazenamento 256TB 64TB 384EB
dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/storage-engines.html