Myers’ EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Ed)

Therapy

History of Treatment

Therapy

___________________ an emotionally charged, confiding

interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties

Therapy

Single Orientation Approach An approach to psychotherapy that uses a

single theoretical framework, or paradigm by which therapy is performed.

______________ Approach an approach to psychotherapy that,

depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

Theories in Psycho-therapy

Psychoanalysis Humanistic Therapy Behavioral Therapy Cognitive Therapy ______________ Therapy Post-Modern Therapy

Solution Focused Therapy

Therapy- Psychoanalysis ______________________

Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences – and the therapist’s interpretations of them – released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight

use has rapidly decreased in recent years

Therapy- Psychoanalysis

Defense Mechanisms A psychological/behavioral strategy that aims

to protect oneself from psychological harm See Handout

Interpretation the analyst’s noting supposed dream

meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors in order to promote insight

________________________ the patient’s transfer to the analyst of

emotions linked with other relationships e.g. love or hatred for a parent

Humanistic Therapy

Client-Centered Therapy humanistic therapy developed by

________________ therapist uses techniques

such as active listening within a genuine, accepting,empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth

his techniques are incorporated into almost all formsof therapy today

Humanistic Therapy _________ Listening-empathic listening in

which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies

Behavior Therapy

Behavior Therapy therapy that applies learning principles

to the elimination of unwanted behaviors Counterconditioning

procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors

based on classical conditioning includes systematic desensitization

Behavior Therapy

Exposure Therapy treat anxieties by exposing people (in

imagination or reality) to the things they fear and avoid

Behavior Therapy

Systematic Desensitization type of counterconditioning associates a pleasant, relaxed state

with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli

commonly used to treat ______________

Behavior Therapy Systematic Desensitization

Behavior Therapy

_____________ Economy an operant conditioning procedure that

rewards desired behavior patient exchanges a token of some sort,

earned for exhibiting the desired behavior, for various privileges or treats Sticker charts Happy face charts

Behavior Therapy

The Big Question

What come first thinking or feeling?

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive Therapy teaches people new, more adaptive ways of

thinking and acting based on the assumption that ___________ intervene

between events and our ____________

• Aaron Beck & Albert Ellis

Cognitive Therapy

A cognitive perspective on psychological disorders

Cognitive Therapy

Event Imagine that you and your partner have

gone out to dinner. You have a wonderful romantic dinner at a fancy French restaurant. As your partner reaches into their wallet or purse, they accidentally drop a small piece of paper on the floor. You pick up the paper and it reads

“Call Me- I need to see you tonight- Terri 555-5555”

Family Therapies

Family Therapy treats the family as a ___________ views an individual’s unwanted

behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members

attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication

Post Modern Therapy

New approaches to treating problems Solution Focused Therapy

Focus on solutions, not problems There is no “digging” for explanations Therapist focuses on client’s __________ and

_________________ Therapist does not take an expert stance Focus language away from problem saturated

talk VIDEO

Evaluating Psychotherapies

Poor outcome Good outcome

Averageuntreated

person

Averagepsychotherapy

client

Number ofpersons

_____________ of untreated people have pooreroutcomes than average treated person

Who do you turn to for help?

To whom do people turn for help for psychological difficulties?

Mental Health Professionals

Clinical __________________ Most are psychologists with a Ph.D. or a

PsyD and expertise in research, assessment, and therapy, supplemented by a supervised internship

About half work in agencies and institutions, half in private practice

Mental Health Professionals

Clinical Social Worker A two-year Master of Social Work

graduate program plus postgraduate supervision prepares some social workers to offer psychotherapy, mostly to people with everyday personal and family problems

Mental Health Professionals

Therapists and Counselors Marriage and family therapist specialize

in problems arising from family relations Pastoral counselors provide counseling

to countless people Abuse counselors work with substance

abusers and with spouse and child abusers and their victims

Mental Health Professionals

Psychiatrists Physicians who specialize in the

treatment of psychological disorders Not all psychiatrists have had extensive

training in psychotherapy, but as M.D.s they can __________________. Thus, they tend to see those with the most serious problems

Many have a private practice

Drug Therapies

• ______________________• study of the effects of drugs on mind

and behavior• has increasingly become the

predominant form of treatment for psychological disorder

• often drug therapies are combined with psychotherapy to produce more effective results

Common Therapeutic Drugs

Prozac Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

(______)’s Prescribed for depressive disorder,

obsessive compulsive disorder, and bulimia

_________________ A stimulant Prescribed for Attention Deficit

Hyperactivity Disorder

Common Therapeutic Drugs

Xanax Anti-anxiety medication Prescribed for various anxiety disorders

Zyprexa Anti-psychotic medication Prescribed to treat psychotic symptoms

of various disorders including schizophrenia

Drug Therapies

Drug Therapies

Biomedical Therapies Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

still used today Psychosurgery

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

lobotomy now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used

to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients

Electroconvulsive Therapy