Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J...

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Myeloproliferative Neoplasien Jakob R Passweg Chefarzt Klinik Hämatologie

Transcript of Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J...

Page 1: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

Myeloproliferative Neoplasien

Jakob R PasswegChefarzt Klinik Hämatologie

Page 2: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

Chronische Myeloische Erkrankungen

• Myeloproliferative Neoplasien (MPN)– Polycythämie vera (PV)– Essentielle Thrombozytose

(ET)– Osteo-Myelofibrose (OMF)– Chronische Myeloische

Leukämie (CML)

• MyelodysplastischeSyndrome (MDS)– Refraktäre Anämie (RA)– Refraktäre Cytopenie mit

Multiliniendysplasie (RCMD)– RA mit Ringsideroblasten

(RAS)– Refraktäre Anämie mit

Blastenexzess (RAEB)

• Myeloproliferative /dysplastische OverlapSyndrome• CMMoL (chronische myelomonozytäre

Leukämie)• Nicht klassifizierbare

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Was so dazugehört• Klonale Knochenmarkserkankung• Gestörte Regulation des Wachstums• Ein Zuviel an Proliferation• Transformation von PV und ET in OMF• Transformation in AML (akute myeloische

Leukämie)• 60-70 Jahre m>f• Thrombophilie

Page 4: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

ET PV OMF

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Raynaud SyErythromelalgieAkrale Zyanose, NekroseAtypische Thromboembolische KomplikationenBudd Chiari SyndromPfortaderthrombose

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Myeloproliferative NeoplasienEine Stammzellerkrankung

Page 7: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution.

Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566

©2012 by American Society of Hematology

Page 8: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

Symptome Myelofibrosefrühe zellreiche Phase, späte Zytopenie

Page 9: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

A Gain-of-Function Mutation of JAK2 in Myeloproliferative Disorders

Robert Kralovics, Ph.D., Francesco Passamonti, M.D., Andreas S. Buser, M.D., Soon-Siong Teo, B.S., Ralph Tiedt, Ph.D., Jakob R. Passweg, M.D., Andre Tichelli, M.D., Mario Cazzola, M.D. and Radek C. Skoda, M.D.

N Engl J MedVolume 352;17:1779-1790 April 28, 2005

Page 10: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

JAK2 Mutation

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Diagnose

Page 12: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

Diagnoseheterogene Präsentation

ETThrombozytose

>450G/L

DD: reaktive Thrombozytose

PVPolyglobulie,

Hämatokrit

Relative / absolute Polyglobulie

OMFFibrose im

Knochenmark

Abgrenzung andere MPN

Zellreiche / zellarmePhasen

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Polyglobulie

Hkt: 43% Hkt: 53% Hkt: 53%

Blutplasma

Erythrozyten-masse

Blutvolumen

relative Polyglobulie

echtePolyglobulie

Wert Werte Referenz EinheitPlasmavolumen 39,2 40 ml/kg KG

Erythrozytenvolumen 27,4 21,5 ml/kg KGBlutvolmen 66,6 61,9 ml/kg KG

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Erythropoetin bei der PV

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Erythropoietinspiegel

Polyzythämia VeraEPO Spiegel < 7.0 U/I

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BlutbildAnisozytose der Tc: ETPolyglobulie: PVTränenfromen: FibroseLeurkorythroblastäres Blutbild: OMF

Page 17: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

Knochenmark Zytologie Histologie

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BildgebungMilzgrösse, andere Organomegalien

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Diagnostische Kriterien

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Therapie

• Ziele der Therapie– Symptome lindern– Transformation in Leukämie verzögern– Thromboembolische Komplikationen verhindern– Hämorrhagische Komplikationen verhindern– Leben verlängern– Blutwerte korrigieren

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Intermediäres Risiko

< 60 Jahre undkeine Vorgeschichte von Thromboembolien

Kardiovaskuläre RisikofaktorenThrombozytenzahl > 1’500 x109/l

Zusätzliche Thrombophilie Risikofaktoren

Hohes Risiko

Alter > 60 Jahreoder

Thromboembolien in der Vorgeschichte

Niedriges Risiko

< 60 JahreKeine Vorgeschichte ThromboembolienKeine kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren

Thrombozytenzahl < 1’500 x109/lKeine zusätzlichen Thrombophilie Risikofaktoren

ETWann Zyto-

redutkiveTherapie?

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Bergamo StudieHydroxyurea (Litalir) vermindert das thromboembolie Risiko in Patienten mit hi risk ET

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Art ThrombosenVenöse Thrombosen 55/405 HUBlutung 36/404 AgVakulärer Tod p=0.03

}

ET: Behandlung von Thrombozytose & thromboembolischen KomplikationenThrombozytose: Hydroxyurea = Anagrelidthromboembol Komplikationen: Hydroxyurea besser

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Prognose von jungen good riskET Patienten

• Survival ofyoung patientswith ET compared tohealthy control

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Marchioli R et al. N Engl J Med 2013;368:22-33

45 the numberStudie:

Hämatokrit strikt unter 45%mit Aderlass +- Hydroxureaversus nicht.

Endpoint: Cadiovascular death or major thrombotic event

PV Therapie: Aderlass / Zytoreduktion

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AlleleBurden

Molekulare Response

mit Interferon

Page 30: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

• DIPSS– Age > 65– Hb <100 g/L– Lc > 25 g/L– Blasts > 1%– Constitutional Sy

• DIPSS plus– Karyotype– Plt < 100– Transfusions

Prognostische Einteilung der OMF

Page 31: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

JAK2 Inhibitor: Symptomkontrolle, wenig Einfluss auf Allele burden

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Overall Survival.

Verstovsek S et al. N Engl J Med 2012;366:799-807

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Allogene Stammzell-transplantation als kurative Option

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Zusammenfassung

Chronische Myeloproliferative Erkrankungen-ET / PV / OMFHeterogener VerlaufThromboembolische KomplikationenTransformation in LeukämieRisikokategorie adaptierte Behandlung

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Discussion slidesnicht ins Buch übernehmen

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relative /absolute Polyglobulie

ml/kg

50%

50%

40%

60%

normal relativ

50%

50%

absolut absolut und relativ

40%

60% EV

PV

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ErythrozytenmasseWert Werte Referenz EinheitPlasmavolumen 39,2 40 ml/kg KG

Erythrozytenvolumen 27,4 21,5 ml/kg KGBlutvolmen 66,6 61,9 ml/kg KG

125I-Albumin

125I-AlbuminAktivität/ml

51Cr-RBCAktivität/ml

Blutentnahme:Verdünnungseffekt von

125I-Albumin und51Cr-RBC

Aktivität/ml

51Cr-RBC

Page 42: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

Wert Werte Referenz EinheitHämatokrit 49 36 - 46 %

Hämoglobin 172 120 - 160 g/lRBC 4.5 4.0 - 5.2 x 1012/l

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Entwicklung von JAK2 Inhibitoren

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Changes in Spleen Volume and Spleen Length, According to Treatment Group.

Harrison C et al. N Engl J Med 2012;366:787-798

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Page 47: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology
Page 48: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology
Page 49: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology
Page 50: Myeloproliferative Neoplasien · Overlaps in clinical presentation and evolution. Kiladjian J Hematology 2012;2012:561-566 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology