ed'gOf;tp...

]]om;'gazaztckvufxyfvdkufwJholbJ..auoDausmf 0if;

vdkUac:w,fom;?om;uawmhararav;vdkUac:aygh}} azazonfolESifh

vufxyfvdkufaomrdef;cav;ESifhuRefawmftm;rdwfqufay;avonf/

olonf4if;rdef;rtm;,lrnf[kuRefawmftm;wdkifyifjcif;r[kwf..t

oday;jcif;om..uRefawmfoabmrwlvQifvnf;ol*½kpdkufrnfr[lwf

acs...'gonfol\tcGifhta&;yifr[kwfygvm;..uRefawmfESifht

az\qufqHa&;onfat;pufpufEdkifvS\/azazonfpD;yGm;a&;

ESifhomwcsdefvHk;tcsdefukefaewwf\/araronfuRefawmfvlrSef; rod

wwfaomt½G,fuyifavmuBuD;udkpGefUcGmoGm;cJhavNyD...EdkifiH&yf

jcm;odkUtNrJwapc&D;xGufaewufaomazazaMumifhuRefawmfhrSmtdrf

az:rsm;vufay:wGifomBuD;jyif;vmcJh&ygonf..xdkUaMumifhtaz

ESifhom;oHa,mZOfrSmuRefawmfwdkUESpfa,mufMum;rSmrBuD;xGm;cJhyg..

jyoemuazazrdef;r,ljcif;r[kwf..azazaemufrdef;rESifhuRefawmf

\toufuGmjcm;csufyif..uRefawmfhtoufu(15)ESpf'DESpfq,f

wef;pwufrnfjzpfonf...azazaemuf,lrnfrdef;ruckrSausmif;

NyD;umptoufu(25) ESpfavmufyif½dStkH;rnf..(10)ESpfavmuf

uGmonfqdkayr,fhi,fpOfuwnf;utm;upm;vdkufpm;aomuRefawmf

onfvlBuD;wa,muf\cE¨mudk,fwnfaqmufyHkuJhodkUyif...'gay

r,fhtJ'DtcsdefavmufrSmuRefawmf\pdwfwdkUonftjzLpifqHk;tcsdef

rsm;jzpfcJhayonf...

uHMur®monfuRefawmftm;'Dtwdkif;MunfhraecJhacs...

(10)wef;ESpf0ufcefUwufNyD;csdefjzpfygonf..ausmif;rSwdkifMum;pm

onfazazvufwGif;odkUwef;wef;rwfrwfa&mufoGm;cJhavonf..

(6)vywfpmar;yGJwGifuRefawmfonfxl;cRefpGm(4)bmomusavonf

pmESifhywfoufvQifcGifhrvTwfwwfaomazazonf...uRefawmfhtm;

pnf;urf;ydkif;qdkif&mESifhpmusufcsdefwdkUtm;wif;MuyfpGmpnfurf;csrSwf

avawmhonf...]]auoD..'Daumifudk'Dtwdkif;vTwfxm;vdkUrjzpf

awmhbl;..udkBuD;utvkyfwzufeJU'Daumifudkb,fvdkrS..apmifhMunfh

aeEdkifrSmr[kwfbl;..tJ'DawmhumauoDuMuyfMuyfrwfrwfudkBuD;

udk,fpm;xdrf;odrf;apmifhMuyfay;yg..NyD;awmhtrSwfp&if;rSmu'Daumif

ZD0aA'tqdk;qHk;bJ..auoDuZD0eJUausmif;NyD;wmqdkawmh'Dbmom

udkauoDubJ aoaocsmcsmoifay;yg...}} azazonfuRefawmf

ESifhararav;tm;&SnfvQm;pGmrSmMum;NyD;qdkzgay:wGifajcypfvufypf

xdkifcsvdkufavawmhonf...]]uJom;nDMum;NyDvm;..rif;azazu

awmhararav;vufxJrif;udktyfvdkufNyD...'DaeUupNyD;om;nD&JU

aumifjcif;..qdk;jcif;uararav;ay:udka&mufvmNyD}}ararav;onfxdk

pum;tm;azhazh&ifcGifxJwdk;0ifvQufuRefawmftm;ajymavonf..

]]uJudkBuD;a&csdK;..au xrif;yGJjyifcdkif;vdkufawmhr,f...}} azaz

onfqdkzgrSxum ]][dkaumif..auoDajymwmMum;vm;..rif;udk

'Djyifae&mawGrSmtvdkvdkuf&ifvdkufr,f..ynma&;ESifhywfoufvm

&ifvHk;0cGifhrvTwfbl;..auoDajympum;udkem;axmif&r,f..pmudk

usdK;pm;&r,f..'DaeUupNyD;tjyifxGufNyDupm;wmwdkU..oli,fcsif;

awGeJU½kyf½SifoGm;MunfhwmwdkUvHk;0rvkyf&awmhbl;}}azazonfajym

ajymqdkqdkESifha&csdK;cef;odkU0ifoGm;avawmhonf...xdktcsdefwGif

uRefawmfonfuav;pdwfrukefao;ay..udk,fxufi,faomuav;

awGESifhupm;aumif;wkef;..oli,fcsif;awGESifhiSufypfaumif;wkef;..

tdrfrStdrfaz:rawGESifheyef;vHk;aumif;wkef;½dSao;onf..'gudktdrf

udka&mufcgpararav;onfrBudKufovdk½dSaomvnf;..uRefawmfh

tm;rwm;jrpfcJhay..tckawmhararav;tBudKufjzpfcJh&avNyD...

tdyf,mxcsdefrSpírsufpdESpfvHk;rSdwfcsdefxduRefawmfhtm;Time TableqGJay;avonf...uRefawmfudkvnf;em;0ifatmifacsmharmhqdkqHk;r

avonf..yxrwGifpnfurf;wusraewwfaomuRefawmfonf

ararav;\ajympum;rsm;tm;em;r0ifcJhaomfvnf;tacsmhtarmh

t,kt,aumif;aomararav;\tkyfcsKyfrIatmifwGifuRefawmf

onfjym;jym;0wfcJh&avawmhonf....'gayr,fhuRefawmfararav;

vpf&ifvpfovkdtdrfaz:rawGESifhaqmhwkef;upm;aumif;wkef;yif..

'gudkararav;odvdkuawmhrvG,f..uRefawmhtm;rqlayr,fh..

tdrfaz:rsm;tm;&p&mr½dSatmifqlavawmhonf..aemuftdrfaz:r

rsm;onfuRefawmhESifhrupm;&Jawmhacs..tdrfaz:rrsm;xJwGifuRef

awmfxuf(2)ESpfcefUBuD;aomylpl;ronfuRefawmf\upm;az:jzpf

onf..i,fpOfuwnf;uawmrSac:xm;cJhojzifhuRefawmfwdkUtdrf

\i,farG;NcHaygufjzpfavonf..uRefawmf\tESdyfpufudkcH&qHk;..

uRefawmfajymorQacgif;iHkcHwwfaomuRefawmf\upm;az:yif...

'gudkararav;onfrsufpDpyg;arTql;avonf..uRefawmftm;vnf;

]]om;nD'D[mrawGeJUta&m0if&r,ft½G,fr[kwfawmhbl;..om;

nDtm;vyfcsdefrSmjyif;&if..ararav;eJUaqmh'grSr[kwf..AGD'D,dk

Munfh..[kwfNyDvm;}} ararav;onfxdkpOftcguwnf;uuRefawmfh

tm;tvGef*½kpdkufavonf..ararav;onfpmtoiftjyaumif;

ovdkuRefawmfhtm;xdktcsdefu(uRefawmfhtxif)om;t&if;ESif h

rjcm;jyKpkapmifha½SmufcJhavonfajconf;vufonfutpolrudk,fwdkif

ñ§yfay;avonf...a&csdK;vQifvnf;uRefawmfhtm;oludk,fwdkifcsdK;

ay;&rSawseyfavonf..uRefawmfudk,fbmomudk,fcsdK;vQifacs;r

pif[kqdk\..xdktcsdefrsm;wGifylpl;ronfrsufESmokwfy0gav;udkif

umuRefawmhtm;awGa0pGmai;Munfhaewwf\..

waeUararav;aps;0,fxGufrnf[kqdkumtjyifxGuf oGm;

aomaeYjzpf\....tdrfwGifuRefawmf?xrif;csufta':BuD;ESifh

ylpl;romvQifusefaecJh\..uRefawmftm;ararav;ay;cJhaomtdrf

pmrsm;tm;tcef;xJwGifa&;aecsdefwGif0,f ]]a'guf a'guf a'guf}}

tcef;wHcg;acgufoHMum;vdkuf&\...]]b,folvJ0ifcJhav}} ]] udknD

ylpl; ryg}} ylplronftcefwGif;odkU0ifvm\..]]udknDudkylpl;r owd

ay;csifvdkU}} ylpl;rtxpftxpftaighaighjzifhajymavonf ]][Jh eif

u ighudkbmowday;rvdkUwkef; ½Iyf½Iyf,Suf,Suf}} uRefawmfylpl;r\

pum;tm;em;rvnfjzpfoGm;&avonf...]]udknDb,folrSjyefrajym

blvdkUuwday;rSajymr,f}} ]]at;yg[,f eifuvJxl;xl;qef;qef;}}

]]'DvdkudknD&JU..udknDhararav;avudknDtay:r½kd;om;awmhbl;od

vm;..[d kwaeUrrauoDolU oli,fcsifud kajymaew,f..

aumifav;udkigarG;xm;wm..odyfrMumcifpm;vdkU&NyDwJh..tJ'geJU

rrauoDoli,fcsif;a':vDu eifwa,mufxJBudwfpm;raeeJUighudk

vnf;ay;a<u;tkH;vdkUolwdkUtjcif;jcif;ajymaew,f}} [kylpl;ruwkef

wkef&if&ifjzifhajymavonf...ylpl;rajympum;aMumifhuRefawmft

vGefem;½IyfoGm;av\..bmawGvnf; arG;pm;wmawGa&m..pm;vdkU

&NyDqdkwmawGa&m...ighudkvnf;cGJa<u;tkH;qdkwmawGa&m..uRefawmf

pdwfnpfoGm;avonf..]][Jh ½Sif;½Sif;ajymprf;yg[,feif[mawGu

ar ar ar ar ar ar ar

ar ar ar av;av;av;av;av;

uRefawmf hb0uRefawmf htaMumif; (1)uRefawmf hb0uRefawmf htaMumif; (1)uRefawmf hb0uRefawmf htaMumif; (1)uRefawmf hb0uRefawmf htaMumif; (1)uRefawmf hb0uRefawmf htaMumif; (1)

007 auautuf(pf)007 auautuf(pf)007 auautuf(pf)007 auautuf(pf)007 auautuf(pf)

bmawGrSef;udkrodawmhbl;}}uRefawmfpdwfr½SnfpGmylpl;rtm;jyefajym

vdkufavonf..]]udknDu uav;pdwfbJ½dSao;awmhb,fodyghrvJ

ylpl;rwdkUurdef;rjcif;&dyfrdaewmMumNyD..rrauoDuudknDudkvif

awmfcsifaewm}}ylpl;rajymvdkufaompum;aMumifhuRefawmftvGefxdwf

vefUwkefvIyfoGm;&avonf...]]ylpl;reifuvnf;pum;ajymwmqif

jcifajymprf;..rdk;BudK;awGypfcsaeygtHk;r,f}} ]]b,furdk;BudK;uypf

cs&rSmvnf;udknD&JU..rrauoDeJUudknDeJUbmrSrawmfwm..NyDawmh

OD;eJrrauoD&JUqufqHa&;ut&ifuvdkr[kwfawmhbl;..OD;uwcsdef

vHk;pD;yGm;a&eJUbJtcsdefukefaewm..tJ'Dawmhtdrfaxmifa&;utqif

rajyawmh..udknDbufvSJUvmwmaygh..}} uRefawmfawGa0oGm;&yg

awmh\...ylpl;ronfuRefawmfhtusdK;tm;vdkvm;ol..uRefawmft

wGufqdki,fpOfunf;utepfemcHol..uRefawmftm;vdrfajymrnf

r[kwfay....]]at;yg[migowdxm;aeyghr,f}} ]]udknDvdkcsifwm

½dS&ifajym..ylpl;ray;r,f.tJ'Drdef;rBuD;eJUawmhoGm;rywfoufygeJU

udknD&,f}} ylpl;ronft"dyÜg,fESpfcGygaomxdkpum;tm;ajymqdkumt

cef;xJrSxGufoGm;avonf..b0\½IyfaxG;rIESifhuRefawmfyxr

qHk;tBudrfpí&ifqdkif&avNyD...

]]om;nD ararav;jyefvmNyD..ararav;tcef;udkvmcJhtHk;

'DrSmom;nDtwGuft0wfpm;awG0,fvmw,f..awmfrawmfvm0wf

MunfhtHk;}} aps;rSjyefvmaomararav;\toHudkMum;vdkuf&\..

,cifqdkvQifararav;tcef;odkUajy;0ifumuRefawmfhtwGuf0,fvm

aomt0wftpm;rsm;tm;ajy;,lrnfjzpfonf..,kckawmhylpll;rajym

pum;aMumifhuRefawmf½GHUwGefUwGefUjzpfae\..aemufqHk;rawmharar

av;tcef;½dS&modkUuRefawmfa&mufoGm;&avawmhonf...]]om;nD

'DrSm0wfMunfhprf;ygtHk;..ararav;0,fvmwm..om;nDu uav;

r[kwfawmhbl;aemf?aemufESpfqdk&ifouúodkvfwuf&awmhrSm..ckxJu

vlysdKvdk0wf&awmhr,f..'grSouúodkvffwuf&ifacwfaemufrusrSm}}

ararav;onfajymajymqdkqdkESifhuRefawmf0wfxm;aomtuFs Dus,f

oD;tm;jzKwfay;ae\..'DvdkrsdK;vkyfay;aeMuararav;rSmbmrSrjzpf

aomfvnf;uRefawmfrSm&ifwkefovdkvdkbmvdkvdkjzpfae&awmhonf..

NyD;aemufararav;onfol0,fvmaomtusF Dudk,fwdkif0wfay;um

]]om;nDabmif;bDvnf;0wfMunfhtHk;..rawmf&ifreufjzefjyefvJ&r,f}}

]][dk..[dkav}} ]]bm[dkavvnf;uJcRwf..atmufcHabmif;bDygw,f

r[kwfvm;..udk,fhararav;bJ..½Sufraeprf;ygeJU}}uRefawmjiif;

r&onftqHk;abmif;bDtm;cRwfcsvdkufavawmhonf..xdktcgwGif

rSowdxm;rdonfrSmtwGif;cHabmif;bDwdkatmufrSuRefawmfiyJonf

abmif;bDtwGif;rSuGJxGufawmhrnfhtvm;½kef;uefaeavonf...

yxrwGifararav;onfuRefawmfatmufcHabmif;bDtwGif;rS½kef;xGuf

awmhrnfhtvm;xdk;xdk;axmifaxmifjzpfaeaomt&mudkrSifoufrdo

vdkrsdK;Munfhaerdaomfvnf;owdjyef0ifvmonfyHkjzifhrodcsifa,mif

aqmifumolr0,fvmaom*sif;abmif;bDtm;uRefawmfhtm;ay;um

]]uJom;nD0wfMunfh}}[kwkef&ifwdk;vQaomtoHav;jzifhajymavonf/

uRefawmfvJta,mifa,miftrSm;rSm;jzifh*sif;abmif;bDtm;ar

arav;vufrSaumuf,l0wfvdkufNyD;abmif;bDZpftm;qGJwifvdkuf

aomtcg0,f..]]tm;...}} uRefawmfus,favmifpGmatmfvdkufrd\

rsufpDxJwGifvnf;rDyGifhoGm;NyD;uRefawmfvD;tm;rD;pESifhxdk;cHvdkuf&o

vdkrsdK;cHpm;vdkuf&avonf....uRefawmfabmif;bDZpftm;rqifr

jcifqGJwifvdkufaomaMumifhZpfESifhuRefawmfhvD;xdyfzsm;rdwfqufoGm;

&avawmhonf...vD;xdyfzsm;ESifhZpfñ§yfvQufyifZpfonftay:odkU

a&mufoGm;avawmh\..xdktcsdefwGifuRefawmfrsufpDxJwGifbmrS

rjrifawmhararav;\tcef;xJwGifaqGUaqGUckefaeavawmhonf..

]][Jh [Jh om;nDbmjzpfwmvJtxdefUwvefU½dSvdkufwmuG,f}} arar

av;toHMum;rSuRefawmfowd0ifvmawmhonf..xdktcsdefwGifuRef

awmf½Sufpdwfrsm;onfb,fudkvTifhpifoGm;onfrod..emusifrIuom

OD;aqmifíaeavonf..]][dk..[dkavabmif;bDZpfñ§yfaevdkU..tm;}}

]]tif;bmrsm;jzpfovJvdkUrif;uavrif;azazeJUwlwlbJvkyfcsif&mudk

pGwfvkyfwmbJ..a½SUaemufbmrSrMunfhbl;..rif;azazvnf;cP

cP tJ'DvdkrsdK;ñ§yfaeus..zatwlom;bJ}} ]]vmararav;vkyfay;

r,fNidrfNidrfav;ae..cPav;atmifhcH}} ararav;onfajymajym

qdkqdkESifhuRefawmfhabmif;bDZpftm;ZwfueJatmufodkUqGJcsvdkufav

awmh\..]]tm;...}}aoG;rsm;zsmueJyef;xGufoGm;avonf /Zpf

onfuRefawmfh\vD;xdyfzsm;ta&jym;tm;qGJzswfoGm;avonf...

uRefawmfrsufpDxJwGifbmrSrjrifawmh'l;axmufumuRefawmfhabmif;

bDZpftm;qGJjzKwfay;aeaomararav;\acgif;tm;udkifumuRefawmf

udk,fESifhqGJuyfxm;aerdawmhonf..uRefawmfowdjyef0ifvmaom

tcg0,fararav;onf..uRefawmfaygifNcHwGifrsufESmtyfaevQuf

ta&jym;rSyJhíxGufvmaomaoG;wdkUonfararav;\yg;jyif0,fpGef;

ayvQufawGUvdkuf&avonf..]]uawmh uawmhararav;uRefawmf

wtm;emoGm;vdkU}} ararav;acgif;tm;tomt,mqGJz,fumuRef

awmfawmif;yefvdkufavonf..]]bmckrSuawmhvnf;'DrSmaoG;awG

ayukefNyD..bmrSef;vnf;rodbl;...ESvHk;i,fvdkufwmvnf;vGefa&m

vlaumifBuD;eJUrvdkuf}}ararav;onfvnf;½Sufudk;½Sufuef;jzpfae

avonf...xdktcsdefu uRefawmfonf'pfrjyKwfao;ay..ta&

jym;onfuRefawmfvD;tm;iHkxm;onfrSmiSufaysmfzl;BuD;ouJhodkUyif..

uRefawmftouf½G,fESifhuRefawmfhvD;zGHUxGm;rIrSmrvdkufzuf..uRef

awmfh vD;rSmt½Snf(5)vufrcGJcefUESifhvHk;ywfrSm 1d^usyfvHk;ywfcefU

½dSavNyDjzpfonf...]]uJ'Dtwdkif;xm;vdkUaoG;uwdwfrSmr[kwfbl;

vmarav;vkyfay;r,f}} ararav;onfolUudk,folararav;[k

ajymae&mrSarav;[kcRJjypfcRJjypfpajymvdkufonfudkuRefawmfowd

xm;rdvdkufavonf...ylpl;rowday;pum;uRefawmfacgif;xJ0ifvm

avonf..'gayr,fhckvdktajctaerSmb,fvdkrSjiif;qefírjzpfEdkif

awmh..ararav;onfuRefawmhftm;ckwifapmif;wGifxdkifcdkif;um

uRefawmfatmufcHabmif;bD;tm;qGJcRwfvdkufavonf...xdktcg

wGifuRefawmfvD;onfaoG;rsm;pGef;ayumabmif;bDatmufrSm½kef;

xGufvmNyD;ararav;rsufESmpDodkUtajr§mufESifcsdefxm;ouJhodkU'l;

axmufíxdkifaeaomar arav;\rsufESma½SUwGifw&rf;&rf;jzpfae

avonf/ararav;onft&ufjyeftm;*Grf;jzifhwdkUumuRefawmfhvD;

BuD;tm;okyfvdrf;ay;avonf..]]tm;..pyfw,fararav;&JU}} ]]bm

ckrSpyfygNyDvJcPav;atmifhcH..}}ararav;onfuRefawmfrpyfap

&efvufwzufjzifhuRefawmfhvD;tm;qkyfudkifvQufolr\EIyfcrf;yg;

uav;rsm;udkplvQufuRefawmfhvD;tm;avjzifhrIwfay;avonf..uRef

awmfvD;xdyfzsm;onft&ufjyeft½dSefaMumifh4if;ararav;rIwfay;

aomavaMumifh4if;at;ueJjzpfoGm;umteJi,ftpyfajyoGm;av

awmhonf...ararav;\EIyfcrf;tpHkonfuRefawmfvD;xdyfem;wGif

uyfumrIwfay;aeonfhyHkrSmuRefawmfhb0wGifwoufrarhEdkifp&m

yif...uRefawmfukwifay:wGifxdkifvQufvuftm;aemufodkUtm;,l

axmufNyD;uRefawmfhvD;BuD;tm;aumhay;aerdawmh\..wcsufwcsuf

uRefawmfhvD;ESifhararav;\eDapG;pdk&JaeaomEIyfcrf;ESpfvTmonfxdwcsuf

rxdwcsufjzpfaeavawmhonf...twefMumrdef;rI;aerdNyD;awmh

rSowd0ifvmumrsufpdzGifhMunfhvdkufaomtcgwGif...ararav;

\vuftpHkuuRefawmfh\vD;tm;,k,pGmudkifvQufjzif holr\

EIyfcrf;tpHk;tm;plvQufuRefawmfrpyfap&efuRefawmf\vD;xdyfem;

uyfvQufwzl;zl;ESifhrIwfay;aeavonf...ararav;\rsufvHk;t

pHkonfuRefawmfuJhodkarSpif;aeavonf...]]ararav;..nD[dk[m

rSmaoG;urwdwfao;bl;..aq;cef;oGm;jy&rvm;[if}} uRefawmfpdk;

&drfpGmar;rd\..uRefawmfhwdkUa,musmF;av;awGrSm'D[mut"duyif

r½dSrjzpfypönf;?awmfawmfMumwckckjzpfoGm;rSjzifhuRefawmfvlñTefUwkef;

ayawmhrnf...]]trav;..tjzpfonf;aevdkufwm..bmrSaq;

cef;jyp&mrvdkbl;..arav;ckcsufjcif;aoG;wdwfatmifvkyfay;r,f

rsufpdrdSwfxm;}} ]]ararav;emtkHk;rSmvm;}} ]]remygbl;uG,f..rem

wJhtjyifewfjynfa&mufovdkrsdK;jzpfoGm;r,f.}} ]]bmewfjynf vnf;}}

]]pum;aMum½Snfrae eJUrsufpdrSdwfrSmjzifhrSdwf}} uRefawmfem;rvnf

EdkifpGmjzifhrsufpdtpHktmr&Jw&Jydwfvdkuf\..yxrwGifuRefawmf\

vD;xdyfonfaiGUaiGUav;ylaEG;vmumwajz;ajz;pGwfpdkvmavonf..

vD;xdyfrSonfwudk,fvHk;½dStaMumtjcifrsm;udkpkyf,ljcif;cHvdkuf&ovdk

rsdK;jzpfoGm;avonf...emusifrIESifhpyfzsif;zsif;jzpfrIonf,lypfvdkuf

ovdkaysmufoGm;avonf..ararav;bmvkyfvdkufavoenf;..

uRefawmfodcsifvmrd\..ydwfxm;aomrsufvHk;tpHkudkwajz;

ajz;jcif; zGifhvdkufavaomtcg ...tHMoaom..tm;emaom..

raz:jy EdkifaomcHpm;rIw&yfuRefawmfh&ifudk0ifaqmifhavNyD...

ararav; onfuRefawmfh\vD;udkudkifumvD;xdyfwGifxGufaeaom

aoG; wdwfatmifolr\yg;pyfwGifiHkumpkyfay;aeonfudkawGUvdkuf

&avonf..]]ararav;rvkyfygeJU..uRefawmfudki&Jray;ygeJU}}

uRefawmftxdefUwvefUawmif;yefvdkuf\...]]bmrSi&JrBuD;ygbl;

uG,f...NyD;rSrif;i&JrBuD;atmifararav;tmywfajzay;r,f}}

]]bm..b,fvdktmywfajzay;rSmvJararav;}} uRefawmfem;rvnf

ararav;bmudkqdkvdkoenf;..bmbJjzpfjzpfckaetcsdefrSmawmhb,f

olvmwm;wm;uRefawm*½kpdkufawmhrnfr[kwfawmhay..arar

av;vkyfay;orQndrfcHaerdawmh\...ararav;onfyxrwGif

nifompGmtmaiGUay;NyD;aoG;wdwfatmifajz;nif;pGmpkyfay;aeaomf

vnf;wajz;ajz;ESifhuRefawmhvD;tm;*Gif;wdkufovdkrsdK;olr\oG,f

vQaomvuftpHkjzifhvkyfay;aeonfhtjyifolr\yg;pyfxJwGifwyf

vQufjzpfaeaomuRefawmfvD;tm;vnf;tqufrjywftm;jyif;pGmpkyf

,lay;aeavonf...uRefawmfonfumrt&om\txG#ftxdyf

qHk;jzpfaomykavGrIwfay;jcif;cHae&onfudkxdkpOftcgurodao;ay

ararav;onfuRefawmhfvD;tm;tcsuf(20)cefYtm;ukefpkyfvdkuf..

*Gif;wdkufay;vdkufvkyfay;aomtcguRefawmfonf"gwfvdkufovdk

rsdK;jzpfíoGm;NyD;qefUiifqefiifESifhtaMumqGJovdkrsdK;jzpfoGm;cgvD;

acsmif;twGif;rSjzLypfypft&nfrsm;ararav;yg;pyfwGif;odkUyef;xGuf

oGm;avawmh\.....]]tm;..tifh..tifh ararav;bmawGvJ

rodbl;uRefawmh[dk[mxJuxGufukefNyD..}} ]]om;nDurdef;rtawGU

tBuHKrSr½dSao;bJ..tJ'gv&nfvdkUac:w,f..arav;uom;nD

udkcspfvdkUom;nD&JUvD;udkpkyfay;wm..tJ'gudkykavGrIwfay;w,fvdkU

ac:w,fom;nD&JU..tJ'Dvdkvkyfay;vdkuf&ifb,fa,muFsm;rSrcHEdkif

awmhbl;..'DvdkbJv&nfawGyef;xGufvmawmhwmbJ..rif;azaz

qdk&ifnbufararav;uykavGrIwfay;rSauseyfNyD;tdyfaysmfoGm;wm

ararav;rrIwfay;EdkifwJhaeUqdk&ifolcrsmtdyfvdkUudkraysmfEdkifawmh

bl;...ararav;rIwfay;vdkufawmhrSNidrfNyD;tdyfawmhwmbJ...

]][mararav;uvnf;Asmem;½Sufp&mawGvmajymaejyefygNyD...}}

]]bmckrSem;½Sufp&mvJ..ckeuawmh w[if;[if;w[J[JeJU..}} ]]tm

'guawmhAsm..uRefawmfutJ'DvdkrsdK;tawGUtBuHKrSr½dSwmbJ}}

]]'gqdk&if'DudpötwGufbmrSryleJUararav;ubJom;nDudkynmpHk

oifay;r,f..'grSom;nD&nf;pm;xm;wJhtcgacwfaemufrusrSm

a,muFsm;av;qdkwmtukefvHk;tawGUtBuHK½dSxm;&w,fuGJU..'grS

a,muFsm;yDorSm}}ararav;onfuRefawmfhtm;odrf;oGif;pjyKaeav

NyD..uRefawmfonfararav;rm,muGef,ufrS½kef;rxGufEdkifawmh

...ylpl;r\owday;pum;onfaoG;xGufatmifrSefavNyD...

]][mararav;uvnf;..'Dvdkvkyff&ifuRefawmfi&JBuD;rSmaygh}} ]]vm

jyefNyD'Di&JBuD;rSm..tmywfajzenf;ay;yghr,fqdk}} ]]'gqdk&ifvnf;

ajymawmhav}} ]]ajymjyvdkUr&bl;om;nD&JUjyrS&rSm}}ararav;onf

ajymajymqdkESifhazazESifholrESpfOD;wnf;Munfh&efoD;oefUpDpOfxm;

aomolrwdkU\tdrfcef;xJrSmwDADGESifhADGpD'Dtm;yg0gzGifhNyD;vQifom;

'DZwfum;Munfhxm;vdkufararav;nurSMunfhxm;wm..tJ'DxJrSm

tmywfajzenf;ygw,f..ararav;a&0ifcsdK;vdkuftHk;r,f..rif;&JU

v&nfawG..ararav;rsufESmwckvHk;ay:ayaewm&p&mr½dSawmhbl;}}

[kqdkumtcef;ESifhqufvQuf½dSaoma&csdK;cef;wGif;odkUolr\wif;

um;BuD;rm;aomwifyg;tpHktmvIyf&rf;um0ifoGm;avawmhonf..

ararav;\aemufydkif;tvSudkai;MunfhNyD;uRefawmfonfwHawG;tm;

]]*vk}} ueJjrnfatmifNrdKcsvdkufrdygawmhonf...

NyD;aemufararav;zGifhay;cJhaomZwfum;tm;uRefawmf

xdkifMunfhaevdkufonf...Zwfum;pmwef;xdk;uwnf;a,muFsm;..

rdef;rtm;vkH;onf..t0wfrygudk,fAvmjzifhyif..vD;BuD;rsm;onf

BuD;rm;wkwfcdkifvSí4if;rdefrrsm;\EdkUBuD;rsm;onfvnf;zGdUxGm;vSy vS

avonf....Zwfvrf;wcef;ESpfcef;ta&mufwGifa,muFsm;\

vD;udk(uRefawmfhtm;ararav;pkyfay;ovdkrsdK;)tESDZwfaqmifrif;

orD;urdef&nf½Suf&nfpkyfí4if;...rdefr\BuD;rm;NyJvefaomapmuf

zkwfBuD;rsm;udkZwfaqmifrif;om;uvQmjzifhwjywfjywf,Sufí4if;

r½GHUr½SmjyKvkyfay;aeonfudkawGU&avonf...4if;Zwfvrf;tm;

Munfh&if;ESifhyifckwGifv&nfxGufNyD;oGm;aomuRefawmf\vD;onf

oHacsmif;uJhodkUjyefvnfrmaMumvmNyD;vQif4if;wdkUuJhodkUapmufzkwf

,Sufcsifpdwfrsm;uRefawmfh\pdwf0,fwm;r&qD;r&atmifjzpfaeav

awmhonf...ararav;\tmywfajzenf;onfxdkodkUolrtm;vkyf

ay;&rnfvm;rod...4if;odkUvkyfay;&vQifaumif;avpG[katmifh

arhvQufuRefawmf\aygifMum;xJrSaxmifrwfvmaomvD;tm;ykqdk;

ay:rSaeí*Gif;wdkufay;aerdawmhonf....cPtMumwGifarar

av;onfa&csdK;cef;twGif;rSaeíolr\vSyaomudk,fvHk;av;tm;

a&okwfobwfjzifhrvHkwvHkywfcguEGJUuvQajcvSrf;av;jzifhuRef

awmf½dS&modkUavQmufvSrf;ívmavonf...olr\a&okwfobwf

onfolr\BuD;rm;xGm;qdkifaom&ifom;tm;vHkNcHKpGmtkyfray;xm;

Edkifacs....uRefawmfonfararav;\EdkUESpfvHk;tm;ajy;ítm;&

yg;& npfjypf vdkufcsifpdwfudkxdef;csKyfum*Gif;wdkufaeaomvD;tm;

ZwfueJ½kwfvdkufav\...]]aumifolcdk;av;...vlrdoGm;NyDa[h..

ckeuawmhbmrSrvkyfwwfovkdeJUarav;r½dSwkef;tjymum;Munfh

NyD;*Gif;wdkuf wwfaeNyDaygh}} ararav;\yGif;vif;aomtajym

aMumifhuRefawmfrsufESmrxm;wwfatmifjzpfaerdonf..]][m...

ararav;uvnf;}} ]]bm [m wmvnf;a,muFsm;av;qdkwm 'Dvdk

rSaygh..rckwfwwfwJhaMumifolawmf<uufocdk;vdkae&ifararav;

rBudKufbl;..odyfrkef;wmbJ....ajymifajymifwif;wif;aygh...

vkyfcsif&ifvkyfcsvdkuf udk,fuyJhygoGm;wmrSr[kwfwm..½Sufwm

aMumufwmuararav; wdkUvdkrdef;rav;awG&JUtvkyf½Sifh...oleJU

MurSajymif;jyef...'Durdef;uav;uvdkufpae&w,f..[if;}} arar

av;onfrsufapmif;uav;xdk;umcspfpzG,fqdk\...xdktcsdefwGif

uRefawmfonfararav;tm;uRefawmfhtazrdef;r[laomtodESifh

xdef;csKyfEdkifpGrf;r½dSawmh..xdkpOfuuRefawmfhtouft½G,fonft

rSm;trSefcGJjcm;EdkifpGrf;r½dSao;ovkd...xdkt&G,fonfaoG;tqlqHk;

t&G,fESifhrJrJjriforQajy;acGUjcifaeaomEGm;½dkif;ysdKuJUodkUyif....

]]ararav;uRefawmfudktmywfajzay;r,fqdk}} uRefawmfr&Jw&Jp

vdkuf\...ararav;onfuRefawmftm;bmrSjyefrajymbJt"dyÜg,f

ygawmtMunfav;jzifhpdkufMunfhum..olr\udk,fwGifywfxm;

aoma&okwfobuftm;jznf;nif;pGmajzcsvdkufavonf...uRef

awmfb0wGifrdef;rudk,f\vSyaom..pGJrufzG,faumif;aom..

twGif;om;rsm;udkyxrqHk;tBudrfjrifawGUbl;jcif;jzpfavonf...

ouúodkvfwGifr,fzGJU&bl;aomararav;\udk,fvHk;onfBuD;&rnfh

ae&mwGifBuD;íao;&rnfae&mwGifoG,fvQoGm;NyD;wudk,fvHk;

onftjypf ajymp&mr½dSatmifvGefpGmvSyítvGefw&mvnf;pGJrufp

&maumif; avonf..ararav;wudk,fvHk;wGifaxmifrwfaeaom

EdkUoD;acgif; uav;ESpfckonf4if;...jzLazG;zGHUxGm;aom&iftpHk

onf4if;..oG,fvQpGmajzmifhpif;aeaomaygif;wHtpHkonf4if;uRef

awmf\rsufvHk;tpHktm;cGmr&awmhatmif..toufr½IEdkifawmh

atmifpGJaqmifrIaumif;aeavawmhonf..ararav;onfuRefawmfh

ESifhrsufESmjcif;qdkifwGif½dSaomukwifapmif;wGif0ifxdkifvdkufNyD;vQif

uRefawmftm;'l;axmufxdkif&efyg;pyfurajymbJrsuf&dyfjyavonf

uRefawmfonftdrfrufxJwGifvrf;avQmufae&olyrmararav;

cdkif;orQudkwaoGrwdrf;vdkufvkyfaerd\...udk,fwkef;vHk;jzifhukwif

apmif;wGifvSyaomaygifwHtpHktm;um;umtarT;Ekvdrfaumuf

aumufuav;rsm;zHk;vTrf;aeaomtzkwf tm;ta½SUodkUtenf; i,f

aumhum xdkifaeaomararav;\aygif;Mum;üuRefawmf0ifxdkifvdkuf

rd\..ararav;\vSyaomtzkwfuav;onfuRefawmfESmacgif;

0ESifhvufrtenf;i,frQomuGmawmhonf..ararav;\apmuf

zkwft0rSxGuf½dSvmaomñD§pdkUpdkUarT;arT;tDtD&eHonfuRefawmf\ESm

acgif;0odkUwdk;0ifvmavonf..ararav;onfuRefawmf\acgif;

udknifompGmudkifvQufuRefawmf\qHyifwdkUtm;xdk;zGay;aeavonf

4if;aemufararav;uuRefawmf\OD;acgif;udkolr\apmufzkwfav;

pDodkUqGJ,lvdkufavovm;..uRefawmfubJararav;\apmufzkwf

pDodkUrsufESmtyfvdkufonfvm;rod..uRefawmfowdxm;rdcsdefwGif

ararav;\apmufzkwfESifhuRefawmfrsufESmonfuyfrdvQufuRef

awmfonfararav;\apmufzkwfav;tm;tirf;r&vQmjzifhxdk;vQuf

aerdavawmhonf....xdktcgtzkwfMum;wGifESpfjrKyfaeaomt

aphav;onfaxmifrwfvmavonf..uRefawmfonfxkdaxmifrwf

vmaomapmufaphav;tm;oMum;vHk;pkyfovdktm;&yg;&pkyfay;

vdkufavaomtcgararav;onfwtif;tif;wtJtJjzifht&om

tawGUBuD;awGUaeavawmhonf...xdkaemufwGifrawmhuRefawmf

onfararav;\apmufzkwfazgif;azgif;av;tm;rem;wrf;pkyf,uf

aerdawmhonf....]] tm; tm; tm; tif;tif; [ifh [ifh uG,f..

awmfawmhav..'DrSmolrsm;tzkwfvnf;Budrf;pyfaeNyD...ckavmuf

EI;& ?pkyf&&if awmfa&mayghuG,f..'DrSmararav;cHjcifvSNyD...

ararav;\awmif;yefoHMum;&awmhrS uRefawmfowd0if

vmavawmh\..xdkpOftcgurdef;rwa,mufcHcsifvmatmifuRefawmf

rEI;wwfrESyfwwfao;ay..ararav;\apmufzkwfazgif;azgif;av;

tm;,Sufaumif;aumif;ESifh,Sufay;aejcif;omjzpfayonf...

]]tif..'gqdk&if arav;udkom;nDbmxyfvkyfay;&rvJ}} ]][muGm

om;nDuvnf;wHk;vdkufwmuG,f...rif;azaz..ararav;udkn

wdkif;vdk;ovdk; vdk;ay;&rSaygh..uJ½Sif;yvm;}} ]]vdk;ay;&r,f}} uRef

awmfem;rvnfEdkifpGmjyefar;rd\..xdktcsdefurdef;rwa,mufudk

b,fvdkvdk;&r,frSef;uRefawmfrodao;ay..b,ftaygufxJvD;xdk;

xJh&r,frSef;rod...]]b,fvdkvdk;ay;&rSmvJ..b,fxJxdk;xnfh&rSm

vJ}} uRefawmfararav;udkjyefar;vdkufaomtcg0,f ararav;

onf uRefawmftm; oem;p&mowÅ0gwaumifudkjrifvdkuf&olw

a,mufyrm ]]tif; uRwfuRwf rdef;rudkb,fvdkvdk;&r,frSefrodao;

wJhol'DurÇmrSm½dSao;wmbJudk...uJ udk,fawmfacsmuRefrubJ

½Sifav;udkynmukefoifay;ygawmhr,f udk,fawmf ukwifay:rSm

yufvuftdyfawmfrIyg}} ararav;onfuRefawmfhtm;aighawmhawmh

jzifhajymavonf..ararav;\trIt&monfuRefawmftjrifrSm

awmhcspfpzG,fjzpfae\ xdkUtwlvdk;csifpzG,fvnf;tvGefaumif;ay

\..odkUaomfb,fvdkvdk;&rnfrSef;rodonfutcufyif..xdkaMumifh

ararav;ajymovdkukwifay:wGif yufvufvSeftdyfcsvdkufav

awmhonf..xdkpOfwGifrSowdxm;rdonfrSmuRefawmfh\vD;onf

rdk;ay:odkUaxmifrwfvQuf taMumrsm;tNydKif;NydKif;xum...e*dk½dS

&if;pGJxufESpfqcefYydkBuD;aeovdkxifvdkuf&onf..ararav;onf

uRefawmfay:odkUwufum um;,m;cGufvQufxdkifvdkufavonf..

xdkifvdkufonfqdk&mwGif ararav;onf uRefawmf\udk,fvHk;udk

tkyfrdk;vQufvufESpfbuf..'l;acgif;ESpfbufudktm;jyKvQufxdkifNyD;

olrtzkwfESifhuRefawmfh\vD;rxdao;atmifwifyg;udkaumhíxm;

NyD;vQifolr\EdkUESpfvHk;ESifhuRefawmf\&ifbwfudkyGwfwdkufqGJíaeav

onf..olr\EIyfcrf;ESpfpHkonfvnf; tNidrfraebJuRefawmf\rsuf

ESmtESHudk4if; em;½Gufzsm;udk4if;..vnfwdkifudk4if;rxdwxderf;pkyf

ay;avonf...xdkaemufwGifrawmholronfuRefawmf\vD;udk

vufwzufjzifhudkifíolr\apmufzkwfuGJaMumif;wavQmuftxuf

atmufyGwfwdkufaejyefawmh\..uRefawmf\vD;xdyfzQm;onfusif

ueJusifueJjzpfjzpfoGm;avonf..]] tm;..tm;usifw,farar

av;& }} uRefawmfNiD;wGm;rd\..]]'DrSmvnf;usifwmbJ..bmvnf;

raumif;bl;vm;..}} ]]aumif;ygw,fararav;&..'gayr,fwrsdK;

BuD;bJ }} ]]'Dxufaumif;atmifvkyfay;tkH;rSm}} ararav;onfajym

ajymqdkqdkESifh olr\vufxJwGifudkifxm;aomuRefawmfhvD;tm;

olr\apmufacgif0wGifawhvQuf qwfueJxdkifcsvdkufavonf..

rdef;rwcgrSrvdk;blao;aomuRefawmfonfxkdtcgurdef;rwa,muf

\apmufacgif;wGif;odkUuRefawmhfvD;0ifoGm;aomt&omudk,ckxuf

xdrarhao;ay...pdkpGufítausmrsm;pGm,Sufoef;aeaom..EI;nH

acsmarGUaom..wif;usyfpnf;ydkifaomararav;\apmufacgif;t

wGif;odkU uRefawmfh\vlysdKtopfpufpufvD;BuD;onfwppESifhESpf

jr§yf0ifa&mufoGm;avawmhonf..ararav;onftqHk;xdxdkif

csvdkufNyD;rawmhuRefawmh\vD;onfararav;apmufacgif;\t

qHk;ydkif;wGif½dSaom &mbmwHk;uJhodkUaomt&mjzihfwdkufrdumararav;

\yg;pyfrS vnf;tifhueJatmfrnfoHMum;vdkuf&avonf...arar

vdkufonfjyefír<ubJuRefawmf\vDtm;olr\apmufzkwfwGif;odkU

tqHk;pGefxdESpfjrKyfumolr\apmufacgif;twGif;ydkif;½dS &mbmwkH;uJh

odkUaomt&mESifhuRefawmfhvD;xdyftm;yGwfwdkufap&efxdkif&mrSrx

bJyGwfwdkufaeavonf..uRefawmfonfaz:rjyEdkifavmufatmif

t&omawGUaeavonf..uRefawmfhenf;wl ararav;onfvnf;

rsufpdpHkrdSwfumtqufrjywfuRefawmfay:rSaeíyGwfwdkufay;ae

avonf..yg;pyfrSvnf;w[if;[if;w[J[JESifhtqufrjywfjrnf

wrf;aeavonf..uRefawmfhonfatmufrSaeí ararav;\BuD;

rm;zGdUxGm;aomEdkUtpHktm;udkifíudkifíararav;ydkapmifhatmifhMurf;

wrf;pGmqGJqGJaqmifhay;vdkufaomtcg0,f araravonfb,fnm

&drf;xdk;vQuf olrpdwfBudKuftm;ukefaqmifhavawmhonf...

tcsufav;ig;q,fcefUaqmifhNyD;rawmhuRefawmfhtm;r&

awmhyg..ararav;uJhodkUyifuRefawmftay:rSaeíaqmifhcsifvm

rdonf...]]uRefawmfvnf;aqmifhtkH;r,fAsm..}} uRefawmftm;r

vdktm;r&ajymvdkufonf..xdktcgararav;u ]]'Duvnf;atmuf

uaetm;&yg;&cHcsifaewm}} (umrqufqH&mwGifararav;vdkol

½Sm;rS½Sm; qdkwmuRefawmfxdkpOftcgurodao;ay..t½Suft

aMumufenf;oavmuftcHvnf;yufpufvSonf..olronfolr

tom;emrS zDvifffwufoljzpf\..xdkuJhodkUaomrdef;rrdsK;udkaemif

wGifb,fvdkrSjrefrmEdkifiHwGifrawGUEdkifawmh[kxdkpOfurodao;ay..)

ararav;onfajymajymqdkqdkjzifhuRefawmfhay:um;,m;cGxdkifíapmifh

ay;ae&mrSqif;NyD;aemufukwifapmifwGifav;bufaxmufumolr

wifyg;tpHktm;aumhNyD;vQifuRefawmfh\vD;tm;vufjyefudkifíolr

\apmufzkwf0odkUawhNyD; ]] om;nDtm;ukefaqmifhcsypfvdkufarar

av;udktm;remeJUaemfararav;om;nDvdk;vdkUbmrSrjzpfbl; ..em

emav;omaqmifhcsjypfvdkuf }} xdkpOftcguuRefawmfonfi,f½G,f

oljzpfonfhtjyiftm;tiftjynfh0qHk;tcsdefvnf;jzpf\..xdktwl

rdef;rpvdk;bl;onftcsdefvnf;jzpfavonf...xdkUaMumifhuRefawmf

onftoufudk0atmif½Ium½dSorQtm;udkpkpnf;vQufararav;wyf

ay;xm;aomolrapmufzkwf0½dSuRefawmf\vD;tm;ararav;\

apmufacgif;wGif;odkUtm;ukefaqmifhcsvdkufavawmhonf...]]½I;..

'kwf..tifh ..tm;vm;vm;..½DS;½DS;..[if;[if;aumif;vdkufwm

om;nD&,f..ararav;utJ'DvdkrsdK;cHcsifaewm..rif;azazuav

ararav;udkqdk..t½kyfuav;udkifovdkrsdK;nifnifomomavvkyf

wmuG..tJ'grsdK;qdkararav;wdkUBudKufudkrBudKufbl;..,m;usdusdeJU

rif;vdkrsdK;tm;eJUrefeJUrSBudKufwm..rif;udkararav;arG;pm;&BudK;eyf

oGm;NyD;..'Dwcsufwnf;eJUudkrif;udktonf;pGJoGm;ygNyDuG,f..om; nD

tm;udka&m t½dSefudka&mravQmhvdkufeJUaemfararav;udktJ'DvdkyHkpH

rsdK;qufapmifhay;yg...}}ararav;onf..tHBudwfvQufuRefawmfh

tm;av;bufaxmufae&mrSaemufjyefvSJUíajymavonf..uRef

awmfonfararav;tBudKuf½dSorQtm;udktoHk;jyKvQufararav;

\aemifydkif;rSaeírD;ukef,rf;ukefaqmifhay;aeavawmhonf...uk

wifxufwGifuRefawmfonfudkifp&mr½dSojzifhararav;tm; tm;

ukefaqmifhvdkufwdkif;uRefawmfhudk,fonf,dkifí,dkifíoGm;avonf/

'gudkodaomararav;u ]]omnD,dkifroGm;atmifararav;

qHyifudkaemifuaepkqGJxm;vdkuf'grSjrif;pD;ovdkrsdK; [efcsufrysuf

rSm}} ]][m tJ'DvkdqHyifudkaemufuaeaqmifhqGJNyD;vkyf&ifararav;

emrSmaygh}} ]]tJ'gaMumifhrif;wdkUa,mufusmF;awGcufwm..rdef;r

awGuwa,mufeJUwa,mufzDvifjcif;rwlusbl;uG..wcsdKUunif

nifomomrSBudKufwm..wcsdKUMujyefawmhMurf;Murf;wrf;wrf;emem

usifusifrSBudKufwm..ararav;u'kwd,trsdK;tpm;xJrSmygw,f

tJ'D'kwd,trsdK;tpm;xJrSmrS ararav;wdkUvdkrdef;rrsdK;uxdyfqHk;u

bJ..tJ'gararav;eJUqufqHorQumvywfvHk;rif;acgif;xJpGJpGJNrJ

NrJrSwfxm;}} ararav;onfav;bufaxmuftaetxm;rSyifuRef

awmfhtm;rdef;rwdkU\obm0tm;½Sif;jy&if;eJUyifolr\qEudkvnf;ajym

jyavonf...uRefawmftm;remawmhyg...ararav;\qHyifudk

aemufrSaeíjrif;ZufBudK;udkpkyfudkifouJJhodkUvufwzufjzifh&pfywf

udkifvdkufNyD;vQifZwfueJaqmifhqGJíuRefawmfh\vD;tm;t½dSefjyif;

pGmxdk;xnfhvdkufawmhonf...tcsufaygif;rsm;pGmjyif;xefpGm;aqmifh

aerdawmhonf..vufwzufrSararav;\qHyifudkqGJum usefvuf

wzufuvnf;ararav;\wifyg;tpHk;tm;jrif;ESifwHESifhwdkUonfh

tvm;wjzef;jzef;ESifh½dkufay;aerdawmhonf..ararav;\jzLazG;

aomwifyg;tpHkrSmuRefawmfh\vufig;acsmif;&mrsm;onftxif;

om;xifaeavawmhonf..'gudkem&aumif;rSef;rodaomararav;

onf...]]ememav;½dkufvdkufprf;ygom;nD&JU...qufaqmifhvdkuf

prf;ygtkef;ararav;yD;awmhr,f...}}xdkUaemufuRefawmfhbuf

orifvnfjyef vSJUum ]]ararav;yg;udkvnf;cyfemem av;½dkuf½dkuf

vdkufprf;yg}} ...]]Asm}} uRefawmftvGeftHhMooGm;\...ararav;

onfumrqufqH&mwGifPain Fellingudkt"duxm; \...emusifrS

zDvifwuf aomrdef;rtrsd K;tpm;yif..uRefawmfvnf;olr

ajymonfhtwdkif;.. vufwzufrSqHyifudkaqmifhíqGJumuRefawmfh

buforifvnfjyef vSJUxm;aomolr\yg;jyifESESav;tm; ]]jzef;}}

ueJaeatmif½dkufcsvdkuf NyD;vQifolrapmufzkwfuav;xJwGif

wyfvQuf½dSaeaomuRefawmfh\ vD;tm;t½dSefjyif;xefpGmaqmifh

csvdkufavawmhonf....]]jzef;... 'kwf..tifh tifh tm;tm;½DS;

tm;vm;vm;..[if h..[if h..aumif; vd kufwm[,f..

om;nD&,f..r&yfvdkufygeJUaemf..arav;av.. t&rf;aumif;

aeNyD..qufaqmifhaemf..quf½dkufaemf..arav;udk tm;r

emeJU....[ifh[ifh...}} ararav;onfumrt&om\txG#ft

xGwfodkUa&mufaeavNyD..uRefawmfonfvnf;ararav;enf;wl

yif...nmwmrIuif;rJhpGmolrtm; ..tm;ukefaqmifh..tm;ukef½dkuf

tm;ukefvdk;aerdawmh\...aemuftcsuf(30)cefUqufaqmifhvdkuf

aomtcgararav;onf ] ]tm;tm;.. tif h[if h[if h..

arav;r&awmhbl;..yef;xkwfvd kufawmhr,f}} [kajymum

apmuf&nfrsm;yef;xkwfvdkufNyD;vQifukwifay:odkUarSmufvQufom; vJ

usoGm;avawmh\..uRefawmfonfvnf;arSmufvQufusoGm;aom

ararav;udk,fay:odkUtvdkufoifharSmufcsvdkufNyD;ararav;\aemuf

rSaeítm;ukefav;ig;q,fcsufcefUaqmifhvdkufaomtcg0,f...

uRefawmfh\vD;rSaeív&nfrsm;onfararav;\apmufacgif;wGif;

odkUyef;0ifoGm;avawmhonf...ararav;\zifuGJaMumif;wavQmuf

wGifararav;\apmuf&nfrsm;ESif huRefawmhf\v&nfrsm;onf

wawmufawmufpD;qif;vQufukwifxufodkUzdwfvQHusoGm;avawmh

ownf;...

uRefawmfhb0ed'gOf;NyD;ygNyD/