My “PM10-free” arrival

“PM10 emissions from rail transport”(Swiss Federal Office for the

Environment, March 2007)

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Jürg Minger

Attorney-at-lawSwiss Federal Office for the EnvironmentAir Quality divisionHead of Traffic section

FEIN! Staub frei.Klagenfurt, 29.3.2007

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Geographical concentration

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

0

20

40

60

80

100

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Num

ber o

f day

s

urban trafficurban backgroundsuburbanruralprealps

Data: NABEL

from the National Air Pollution Monitoring

Network NABEL

PM10: Number of days exceedingthe air quality standard of 50 µg/m3

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

PM10 - annual mean levelsin Switzerland

(prior to 1997: PM10 calculated from TSP)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

PM10

[µg/

m³] Urban traffic

Urban backgroundSuburbanRuralPrealpsAir quality standard

from the National Air Pollution Monitoring

Network NABEL

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Uetliberg

Zurich14 January 2006

Triemli

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

PM10 episode, January/February 2006

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Sources of PM10 emissions (2000)

Total: approx. 21’000 tonnes

Trade and industry27%

Transport29%

Households7%0

Agricultureand forestry

37%

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Legal bases

Level Regulations

• Federal Constitution Protection of human beings against harmful or undesirable effects

• Environmental Protection Act Limitation of emissions at sourcePrecautionary principleGreater restriction of emissions

• Clean-Air Ordinance Air quality standardsAnnual mean PM10 level: 20 µg/m3

Mean 24-hr PM10 level: 50 µg/m3

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Action plan against PM10

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Measures: 1. Diesel vehicles

• Early introduction of particle emission limit values(EURO 5) for new light diesel vehicles

• Filter obligation for new diesel vehicles operatedby the administration and the armed forces

• Definition of criteria for energy-efficient andlow-emission vehicles

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Measures: 2. Buses

• Differentiated refund of oil tax revenue for buses operated by public transport companies

• Obligation for regional public transport providers to equip their buses with particle filters

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

• Mandate to negotiate differentiated distance-related heavy goods vehiclefee (criterion: particle filter)

• Early introduction of particle emission limit values (III B) for new tractors

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Measures: 3. HGVs and tractors

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the EnvironmentJürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

• Evidence of conformity with relevant EU standards for wood-fired stoves up to 350 kW

• More stringent particle emission limit values for automatic wood-fired systems from 70 kW

• Promotion of construction of wood-fired power plants with efficient cleansing systems

• Utilisation of forest waste for the production of energy, instead of burning it on site

Measures: 4. Stoves

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

• More stringent emission emission limit valuefor particulate matter

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Measures: 5. Trade and industry

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

• Stronger international commitment by Switzerland to more stringent European regulations governing particulate matter emissions (Geneva Convention)

• Stronger international commitment to more stringent European exhaust emission standards (UNECE / GRPE)

Measures: 6. International level

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Jürg Minger | Swiss Federal Office for the Environment

Where dowe gofrom here?