Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in...

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Mutations

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Transcript of Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in...

Page 1: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Mutations

Page 2: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

What are mutations?

-They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Page 3: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Mutagens:Are any chemical or radiation that causes a change in our DNA.

Examples:

X-rays, UV sunrays, asbestos and coal dust.

Page 4: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Carcinogens:-Are mutagens that cause of mistake in the genetic code that leads to uncontrollable cell division.- This results in CANCER.

-Examples include: Mercury, UV rays and cigarettes

Page 5: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Germ mutation:

-mutations which occur in the sperm or the egg. If fertilized this mistake would be passed on to the child.

Example: Sickle cell anemia

Page 6: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Somatic mutations:-mutations which occur in a body cell. These cells are not passed on to the offspring.

-Example: Skin cancer

Page 7: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

1. Chromosomal mutations:-entire chromosomes is affected

therefore many genes are involved resulting in the most severe forms of mutations. A baby can be born with an extra chromosome or missing one chromosome.

-Example: Down Syndrome Turner Syndrome

Different types of mutations:

Page 8: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.
Page 9: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Turner Syndrome

Page 10: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

-One single change in a DNA nucleotide is made therefore only affecting one single gene.

2. Gene mutation:

Page 11: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Types of gene mutations:

1. Silent or Neutral Mutation-a change in one base does

not alter the amino acid sequence.

Page 12: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

2. Missense Mutation:-one DNA nucleotide is changed

causing it to code for a different amino acid. This mistake still codes for an amino acid BUT just the wrong amino acid.

Page 13: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

Sickle Cell Anemia

Page 14: Mutations. What are mutations? -They are mistakes made in our DNA, which may or may not result in the wrong protein being made.

3. Nonsense Mutations:-one DNA nucleotide is changed

forming a stop codon in the middle of a gene resulting in a shortened amino acid sequence that codes for NO protein.


Genetic Mutations. Mutations New inherited traits, or mutations, may appear in a strain of plant or animal. The first individual showing the new trait.

Genetic Mutations. Mutations New inherited traits, or mutations, may appear in a strain of plant or animal. The first individual showing the new trait.

MUTATIONS. Fitness of Mutations The fitness of a mutation describes its value to the survival and reproductive success of the organism. A mutation may.

MUTATIONS. Fitness of Mutations The fitness of a mutation describes its value to the survival and reproductive success of the organism. A mutation may.

DNA Mutations and Repair Chapter 18 Part 1. Gene Mutations and Repair Nature of mutations Causes of mutations Study of mutations DNA repair.

DNA Mutations and Repair Chapter 18 Part 1. Gene Mutations and Repair Nature of mutations Causes of mutations Study of mutations DNA repair.

Genetic Mutations. Mutations Mutations: changes in the DNA They may not change the individual in a way that impacts their reproductive success or.

Genetic Mutations. Mutations Mutations: changes in the DNA They may not change the individual in a way that impacts their reproductive success or.

Mutations Gene: Frame Shift Mutation (deletion) · Mutations May or May Not Affect Phenotype • Some gene mutations changephenotype. • Some gene mutations do notaffect phenotype.

Mutations Gene: Frame Shift Mutation (deletion) · Mutations May or May Not Affect Phenotype • Some gene mutations changephenotype. • Some gene mutations do notaffect phenotype.

Mutations - Mr. Ciardullo's Class WebpageGene Mutations Frameshift Mutations –shifts the reading frame of the genetic message so that the protein may not be able to perform its function.

Mutations - Mr. Ciardullo's Class WebpageGene Mutations Frameshift Mutations –shifts the reading frame of the genetic message so that the protein may not be able to perform its function.

8.7 Mutations KEY CONCEPT Mutations are changes in DNA that may or may not affect observable traits/characteristics.

8.7 Mutations KEY CONCEPT Mutations are changes in DNA that may or may not affect observable traits/characteristics.

Mutations - Weebly · What Are Mutations? •Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA •May occur in somatic cells (aren’t passed to offspring) •May occur in gametes (eggs &

Mutations - Weebly · What Are Mutations? •Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA •May occur in somatic cells (aren’t passed to offspring) •May occur in gametes (eggs &

Types of mutations Mutations: Mutations: protein level ...wou.edu/~guralnl/441Mutations and the phenotype.pdf · Mutations and the phenotype • Types of mutations ... Mutations:

Types of mutations Mutations: Mutations: protein level ...wou.edu/~guralnl/441Mutations and the phenotype.pdf · Mutations and the phenotype • Types of mutations ... Mutations:

1 Mutations. 2 What Are Mutations? Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA May occur in somatic cells (aren’t passed to offspring) May occur in gametes.

1 Mutations. 2 What Are Mutations? Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA May occur in somatic cells (aren’t passed to offspring) May occur in gametes.

6.7 Mutations Mutations Notes.pdf · Gene Mutations – Point Mutations • Frameshift Mutations oBase-pair insertion or deletion o The result is frequently a nonfunctional protein.

6.7 Mutations Mutations Notes.pdf · Gene Mutations – Point Mutations • Frameshift Mutations oBase-pair insertion or deletion o The result is frequently a nonfunctional protein.

Human Genetic Mutations. 2 Main Types of Mutations 1.) Chromosomal Mutations 2.) Gene Mutations.

Human Genetic Mutations. 2 Main Types of Mutations 1.) Chromosomal Mutations 2.) Gene Mutations.

Bone Diseases Dr Derakhshandeh, PhD. 2 Dominant negative mutations Dominant negative mutations: Dominant negative mutations: antimorphic mutations

Bone Diseases Dr Derakhshandeh, PhD. 2 Dominant negative mutations Dominant negative mutations: Dominant negative mutations: antimorphic mutations

Types of Mutations. Chromosome Mutations May Involve: –Changing the structure of a chromosome –The loss or gain of part of a chromosome –Ultimately.

Types of Mutations. Chromosome Mutations May Involve: –Changing the structure of a chromosome –The loss or gain of part of a chromosome –Ultimately.

Genetic Mutations Good, bad or neutral?. Mutations Inheritable errors made in DNA during replication 3 broad groups: Beneficial Deleterious Neutral.

Genetic Mutations Good, bad or neutral?. Mutations Inheritable errors made in DNA during replication 3 broad groups: Beneficial Deleterious Neutral.

Let’s Play Gene Mutations Chromosomal Mutations.

Let’s Play Gene Mutations Chromosomal Mutations.

Types of mutations Mutations: Mutations: protein level ...guralnl/441Mutations and the phenotype.pdf · Mutations and the phenotype • Types of mutations • Agents of mutations

Types of mutations Mutations: Mutations: protein level ...guralnl/441Mutations and the phenotype.pdf · Mutations and the phenotype • Types of mutations • Agents of mutations

Correlated Mutations and Co-evolution May 1 st, 2002.

Correlated Mutations and Co-evolution May 1 st, 2002.

MUTATIONS How mistakes are made…. Mutations Mutations are defined as “a sudden genetic change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information”.

MUTATIONS How mistakes are made…. Mutations Mutations are defined as “a sudden genetic change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information”.

GENE P53 MUTATIONS, PROTEIN P53, AND ANTI …cybra.p.lodz.pl/Content/10002/IJOMEH_2002_Vol_15_No_3...gene p53 inactivating mutations may sometimes be caused by endogenous factors (e.g.

GENE P53 MUTATIONS, PROTEIN P53, AND ANTI …cybra.p.lodz.pl/Content/10002/IJOMEH_2002_Vol_15_No_3...gene p53 inactivating mutations may sometimes be caused by endogenous factors (e.g.