Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars...
-
date post
15-Jan-2016 -
Category
Documents
-
view
226 -
download
3
Transcript of Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars...
![Page 1: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mutant Bees:Making colour choices in different illuminations
Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars ChittkaComputer Science, Biological Sciences
Computer Vision/Chittka Bee LabFunded by EPSRC
![Page 2: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A little about bee research
• Sniffing out explosives Los Almos National Lab, 2006
• Geographic profiling of criminals Raine N.E., et al (2009)
• Recognise human faces Dyer AG, et al (2005)
![Page 3: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Training bees
• Bees can be trained to a flower species based on nectar reward:
• However, flower species can only be distinguished based on some cue, like colour, pattern or scent
• Bees are Flower Constant
![Page 4: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Bee Colour Vision
R = Adaptation to background
Peitsch et al, (1992), Chittka (1992), Endler (1993), Skorupski et al, (2007)
![Page 5: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Bee Agent
Flower
PATCHINESS = 0
![Page 6: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Experiment 1: Colour Choice Behaviour: Flowers
Vicia Lythrum Cirsium Lotus Lathyrus
Chittka et al, 1997
![Page 7: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Bee Colour Vision: JND-Just noticeable difference
• Just Noticeable Differences can be seen on the colour space model:
Adapted from Chittka et al, 2001
15 flowering plants,6 aphid bee species perception
x
y
![Page 8: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• One Foraging/Search Strategy:– area-restricted search:
– Given the nature of naturally-occurring flower distribution , this strategy is optimised (Heinrich 1979, Heinrich et al 1977, Pyke 1978, Zimmerman 1981)
Colour Choice Behaviour Search Strategy
![Page 9: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
P = 0 P = 0.2 P = 0.4
P = 0.8P = 0.6
P = Patchiness
Experiment 1: Colour Choice Behaviour: Patchiness
![Page 10: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Modelling the Environmentmeasuring colour choice (1 of 3)
MEADOW P MEADOW Q5 species occur in the same frequency 5 species occur in the different frequency
Is visitation to flower species based on if a flower species is REWARDING or occurring FREQUENTLY?
(Or both?)
![Page 11: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Modelling the Environmentmeasuring colour choice (2 of 3)
MEADOW P – Flowers occurring in the same frequency
![Page 12: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Modelling the Environmentmeasuring colour choice (3 of 3)
MEADOW Q – Flowers occurring in different frequencies
![Page 13: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Experiment 1: Summary
• Nectar Reward is a better incentive (than high frequency of the flower species) to visit the flower
• Patchiness encourages flower constancy
• Different flower distribution strategies can be established to optimise the mutual plant-pollinator interaction
![Page 14: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
So, what affect does changing light have on colour perception?
![Page 15: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Change in illuminationDifferent lighting conditions caused by weather or different times of day
can change reflected object colour
Banana sample
![Page 16: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Change in Illumination:faced by honeybees (1-4)
• This would be a problem in honeybee colour vision without COLOUR CONSTANCY:
• What is the severity of the errors made by bees when light changes?
Endler, 1993
![Page 17: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Change in Illumination:faced by honeybees (2-4)
Daylight (D65)Forest Shade
Circle = 0.1 radius
![Page 18: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Change in Illumination:faced by honeybees (3-4)
• Training timeline (for 1 simulation run):
D65 Daylight5 foraging bouts
Forest shade another 5 foraging bouts
Lighting Condition is changedWRITE access to the bee
memory is blocked
Learning process Colour choice in new light
![Page 19: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Change in Illumination:faced by honeybees (4-4)
Lotus Lathyrus
D65 DaylightFlower Constancy index
Lotus Lathyrus
Forest ShadeFlower Constancy index
-0.01448304
-0.015240
0.020032424
0.02172287
P<0.001
![Page 20: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Experiment 2: Summary
• Biological relevance of having flower constant bees and colour constancy
• Flower Constancy measurement only shows one side of the story – nectar influx?
• Only tested one lighting condition, showing shift and one divergence of colour
![Page 21: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Conclusions (1-2)• Bees and flowers have evolved in a mutual plant-
pollinator relationship
• Bees visual system must have some colour constancy if it is to collect nectar efficiently
• We can measure costs when there is “no colour constancy”
• Modelling teaches us what is important: patchiness, reward/frequency of reward etc...
![Page 22: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Conclusions (2-2)
“You don’t really understand it until you’ve built it” (words of Barbara Webb)
![Page 23: Mutant Bees: Making colour choices in different illuminations Samia Faruq, Peter W. McOwan, Lars Chittka Computer Science, Biological Sciences Computer.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052702/56649d3b5503460f94a1610a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Thank you!
Questions?