Musical Slide Show MAF with Protection and Governance Using MPEG-21 IPMP Components and REL...

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Musical Slide Show MAF with Protection and Governance

Using MPEG-21 IPMP Components and REL

Muhammad Syah Houari Sabirin, Hendry, Jeongyeon Lim, Munchurl Kim

Laboratory for Multimedia Computing, Communications and Broadcasting, School of Engineering,

Information and Communications University, 119 Munjiro Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea 305-732

ABSTRACT

The Musical Slide Show Multimedia Application Format (MAF) which is currently being standardized by the Moving

Picture Expert Group (MPEG) conveys the concept of combining several established standard technologies in a single

file format. It defines the format of packing up MP3 audio data, along with JPEG images, MPEG-7 Simple Profile

metadata, timed text, and MPEG-4 LASeR script. The presentation of Musical Slide Show MAF contents is made in a

synchronized manner with JPEG images, timed text to MP3 audio track. Also, the rendering effect on JPEG images can

be supported by the MPEG-4 LASeR script. This Musical Slide Show MAF will enrich the consumption of MP3

contents assisted with synchronized and rendered JPEG images, text as well as MPEG-7 metadata about the MP3 audio

contents. However, there is no protection and governance mechanism for Musical Slide Show MAF which is theessential elements to deploy the sorts of contents. In this paper, to manage the Musical Slide Show MAF contents in a

controlled manner, we present a protection and governance mechanism by using MPEG-21 Intellectual Property

Management and Protection (IPMP) Components and MPEG-21 Rights Expression Language (REL) technologies We

implement an authoring tool and a player tool for Musical Slide Show MAF contents and show the experimental results

as well.

Keywords: Musical Slide Show MAF, DRM, MPEG-21 IPMP, Secured MAF Player

1. INTRODUCTIONAs the capability of users multimedia devices becomes more powerful and sophisticated these days, there has been an

increasing need for rich multimedia contents to be consumed on such devices. Along with this, the ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29

WG11 (MPEG) had started a new standardization project called MPEG-A MPEG Application under ISO/IEC 23000.

The main purpose of this standardization is to specify multimedia application formats with MPEG and non-MPEG

standard technologies beyond file formats just for storage, to provide them to multimedia industry in somewhat fast track.The first outcome of MPEG-A is Music Player MAF ISO/IEC 23000-2, which combines MP3 audio with one single

JPEG image and MPEG-7 metadata to describe the content information about MP3 audio. In this case, the JPEG image

may be used as an image icon to indicate the MP3 audio. The Photo Player MAF under ISO/IEC 23000-3 has been

specified to collect and manage JPEG images in situation and category. This is very useful for digital camera and

electronic album applications. Also it contains MPEG-7 Visual metadata to support content based image retrieval. The

third MAF standard is Musical Slide Show (MSS) MAF ISO/IEC 23000-4. This is an extension to Music Player MAF

in terms of multiple images, text and scripts with rendering capability, which will be described in details in this paper.

Other MAFs being standardized are: the fourth MAF, Media Streaming Player MAF ISO/IEC 23000-5 defines an

application file format that supports audiovisual streaming in protected and governed manners with streaming protocols;

Professional Archival MAF ISO/IEC 23000-6 specifies a file format that archives data files in hierarchical folder

structures; Open Release MAF ISO/IEC 23000-7 addresses the publication and delivery of governed but unprotected

content; Portable Video Player (PVP) MAF ISO/IEC 23000-8 can be considered as the Video equivalent of the Music

Player MAF; and Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) MAF ISO/IEC 23000-9 specifies an application format that

supports DMB contents such as MPEG-4 AVC baseline video, MPEG-4 ER-BASC audio and auxiliary data as well as

TV Anytime metadata and MPEG-21 IPMP Component metadata. The DMB MAF contents can be deployed on mobile

TV terminals such as DMB Player terminals and personal multimedia devices.

As the creation, acquisition, delivery and consumption of rich multimedia media becomes easier nowadays, the illegal

distribution and use of the contents are getting more serious in legal distribution chains. This has already become a


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somewhat serious problem for players who have involved in the content value chain (creator, distributor, retailer, etc.) of

the contents. The MAF cannot be free from this delicate problem. To overcome this problem, many methods have been

implemented to protect the contents with data encryption, embedded watermark, etc. The existence of many protectiontechnologies has demanded a standard. MPEG has finalized MPEG-21 IPMP (Intellectual Property Management and

Protection) Components that provides the metadata description tools for content protection and management. The

protection information can be described in a standardized way by MPEG-21 IPMP Components. On the other hand, the

MPEG-21 REL (Rights Expression Language) has been standardized to describe the information of license andgovernance about the usage of digital contents.

In this paper, we present a method to protect and govern the contents of MP3 audio, JPEG image, text and metadatawrapped in the MPEG Musical Slide Show MAF by utilizing a profiled tool set of MPEG-21 IPMP Components and

REL to support the controlled consumption of MSS MAF contents on the devices with limited computational/storage

capabilities. We extend the Musical Slide Show MAF with MPEG-21 IPMP Components and REL with MPEG-21 DID

(Digital Item Declaration) for protection and governance. Therefore, the distribution and use of MAF content in such

devices becomes secured. From this point of view, a simple implementation of protection and governance over the MAF

contents is strongly required. This paper is organized as follows: Firstly, we describe a system architecture of MPEGMusical Slide Show MAF in Section 2; In Section 3, the description of file format used in the MSS MAF is presented to

give an outlook of where the protection components should be placed; In Section 4, we have a profiled MPEG-21 IPMP

Components and REL tools, and its metadata instantiations of protecting and governing MSS MAF contents are

presented in Section 5; Lastly, we present an implementation of the proposed protecting and governing method as an

application prototype in a handheld device in Section 6, and conclude our paper in Section 7.

2. MPEG MUSICAL SLIDE SHOW MULTIMEDIA APPLICATION FORMATMPEG is developing targeted multimedia application formats that provide file structures to combine the existing

multimedia audiovisual data, metadata as well as some protocols to exchange and consume multimedia contents in

interoperable ways. This standard is called ISO/IEC 23000 MPEG-A: Multimedia Application Format or MAF. The

package of different multimedia contents is motivated to meet the specific needs of an application area [3] from industry

requirements Utilizing this approach, MPEG is aiming to provide standardized application file formats in customized

ways for the industry to reduce the efforts required to develop the multimedia application formats for their own purposes.

The MSS MAF is an extension to the existing Music Player MAF and Photo Player MAF. The Music Player MAF is

designed simply to contain MP3 audio data with its associated MPEG-7 metadata and JPEG still image for a

representative picture for the MP3 audio. The Photo Player MAF combines JPEG still images with MPEG-7 metadata.The MSS MAF uses both MP3 audio data with its MPEG-7 metadata and combination of several JPEG still images. As

an extension, it allows for the synchronization of JPEG still images and timed text (lyrics) to the MP3 audio track during

the MP3 playback. This section will describe system architecture of creating and consuming the MSS MAF contents andhow they can be rendered in synchronized ways during the MP3 playback.

2.1 System architectureThe system architecture of the MSS MAF is based on that of Music Player MAF [4]. The extensions made to the Music

Player MAF are the allocation of multiple JPEG still images, the addition of timed text / lyrics in the basic mode, and the

addition of MPEG-4 LASeR (Lightweight Applications Scene Representation) script in the enhanced mode. As shown in

Figure 1, creating the MSS MAF is architectonically the same as that of Music Player MAF (the description of Music

Player MAF is can be found in [4]). To create MSS MAF contents, we take MP3 audio file, extract its ID3 tags and

describe them into MPEG-7 metadata, and put them all together into an MP4 file format. Moreover, instead of allocating

JPEG images as one media, here we can allocate several JPEG image as a collection of samples in one media chunk.Similarly, to playback the MSS MAF contents, the structure of the MSS MAF player has the same system architecture to

that of Music Player MAF, with an addition of synchronization module for displaying JPEG images and lyrics, whichcan be done prior to JPEG decoding. For the enhanced mode of the MSS MAF, the MPEG-4 LASeR script can be used

to render the JPEG images and timed text associated with the MP3 audio in synchronized and animated manners.


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MP4 FileFormat

JPEG imagesamples

Creation

MPEG-7metadata

MP3onMP4

data

Timed Text

Playback

MPEG-7 metadata ParserExtract ID3 tags and

express in MPEG-7

MP3onMP4

formatter

Melodies in the memories

Disp

lay

MP3onMP4 decoder

JPEG Decoder

Timed Text Parser

MP3 file with

ID3 tags

MP4 FileFormat

JPEG image

samples

Creation

MPEG-7

metadata

MP3onMP4

data

Timed Text

Playback

MPEG-7 metadata ParserExtract ID3 tags and

express in MPEG-7

MP3onMP4

formatter

Melodies in the memories

Display

MP3onMP4 decoder

JPEG Decoder

Timed Text Parser

MP3 file with

ID3 tags

....

MPEG-4

LASeR

Script

MPEG-4 LASeR ScriptParser

Media

Synchronization

M

edia

Synchronization

(a) Basic mode

(b) Enhanced mode

Fig. 1. MPEG Musical Slide Show MAF system architecture

2.2 Synchronization of media

Synchronizedtext (Lyric 1)

Synchronized text

(Lyric 2)

Synchronized text

(Lyric 3)

Synchronized text

(Lyric 4)

Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5

ImageSamples

t

0 sec 5 sec 7 sec 10 sec

0 sec 4 sec 8 sec 12 sec

ImagesTime stamps

TextTime stamps

14 sec

LASeR

Script

animation animation animation animation animation

Text

Samples

Fig. 2. Synchronizing resources


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To have the JPEG images and lyrics (text) displayed in the proper timestamp during the MP3 playback, the

synchronization of those media can be done by keeping the timeline information for each media. The timeline

information can be stored in movie presentation box in the file format (which will be described in details in Section 3).As shown in Figure 2, the synchronization of media is based on the time duration assigned to each media during the

authoring process. This is possible since the system architecture allocates the JPEG data and lyric data as two

distinguished resources, each of which can have its own sample table definition in the file format. In the figure, we have

an example of synchronizing five images and four baits of lyrics with the MP3 with different timestamps.

Regarding the approach of displaying the synchronized image and text, the MAF has two possible rendering modes [2]:

the basic mode and enhanced mode. In the basic mode, the text is rendered using 3GPP formatted text [2]; while in theenhanced mode the text, along with the slide show of the images, is rendered using MPEG-4 LASeR script. Hence, these

rendering modes are depicted as two ways of using the MSS MAF format.

3. FILE STRUCTURES FOR MSS MAFThis section presents the structures of the MSS MAF. As aforementioned, the resources within the MSS MAF are

wrapped in a single MPEG-4 File Format [3] which has been derived from the ISO Base Media File Format [9]. This

format is designed to contain timed media information for a presentation in a flexible and extensible format that

facilitates the interchange, management, editing, and presentation of the media. The file is structured in an object-oriented manner to enable simplicity of decomposing file into series of objects that have their own names, sizes, and

defined specifications according to its purpose.

ftyp moov

meta trak

trak

trak

iloc/iinf

MP3Item_ID = 1Content_type = audio/mp3

JPEG 1Item_ID = 2Content_type = image/jpeg

JPEG 2Item_ID = 3Content_type = image/jpeg

JPEG NItem_ID = NContent_type = image/jpeg

TextItem_ID = N+1Content_type = text

xml

MPEG-4 LASeR

mdia

stbl for JPEG

mdia

stbl for MP3

mdia

stbl for Lyrics

xml

MPEG-7 SMP

mdat

JPEGs

MP3

Lyrics

1 2 N

Fig. 3. MPEG Musical Slide Show MAF file format

The MSS MAF was originally proposed to enhance the functionality of Music Player MAF in terms of multiple JPEGimages and lyrics with their Synchronization to MP3 audio tracks [1]. The MSS MAF allows for multiple JPEG images

and lyrics to be associated in a synchronized way to an MP3 audio track. Also, metadata about the JPEG and MP3

information can be described based on a subset of MPEG-7 MDS schema. Therefore, based on the MSS MA, the MP3

audio can be play backed with the JPEG images in synchronized manners. Also the information about JPEG images and

MP3 audio can also be browsed when required.

As shown in Figure 3, the structure of the MSS MAF shall contain one meta box in moov box to provide the

information for the collection of resources in the mdat box. This information is a combination ofiloc and iinf box.


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In the xml box, MPEG-4 LASeR script can be contained for rendering the MSS MAF resources such as MP3 audio,

JPEG image and text.

stbl

mdat

stts

stsz

stco

stts

stsz

stco

stts

stsz

stco

stts

stsz

stco

stts

stsz

stco

JPEG

1

JPEG

2

JPEG

3

JPEG

4

JPEG

5

Fig. 4. Allocating several JPEGs as a collection of samples

The synchronization information, as described previously in Section 2, is stored in sample table (stbl) box in each

track for JPEG samples and lyrics. Figure 4 shows an example of allocating multiple JPEG samples and referring them in

stbl box. Each JPEG image is considered as a sample, where the timing information for the slide show presentation

(slide show duration) is stored in stts box, the image size is stored in stsz box, and the image location (offset)

information is placed in the stco box. This allocating method is also applied to the lyrics, where each bait of lyrics can

be considered a sample which consists of a collection of strings.

4. PROFILED MPEG-21 IPMP AND REL

(a)

(b)

Fig. 5. IPMP Base Profile elements for General Info Descriptor (a) and Info Descriptor (b) as described in [7]

MPEG-21 IPMP Components provides a standardized description of protection information about Digital Item in

MPEG-21 [7]. In addition to the DIDL element in MPEG-21 DID, the IPMP DIDL element contains one

ipmpdidl:ProtectedAsset element, from which information about the communication of IPMP governance of


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specific asset is referred or is included inline in didl:Resource element. Hence, a resource within a file is considered

to be the protected asset if it is referred from or located within the ipmpdidl:ProtectedAsset element. The

information about the tools used to protect the asset is contained in the IPMP Info descriptor element, while the License,

specified by MPEG-21 Rights Expression Language (REL) is contained in the IPMP General Info descriptor. By

evaluating the License, a resource, protected using the tools and referred in IPMP DIDL (that is, an asset) is treated

according to its rights specification.

In order to make possible the implementation in devices with limited computational power and storage capacity, a

minimum set of tools from the MPEG-21 IPMP Component and REL specification is selected to be a Profile. The

proposed IPMP profile [6] has the specification to includes all the elements in the IPMP DIDL schema for therepresentation of the DID model that allows for inclusion of governance information. It restricts the IPMP General Info

descriptor to only use one tool which is assumed to be ready-to-be-used on the terminal. Hence, theIPMP Info descriptor

is also restricted into a sub set of the tools by removing some attributes for simplicity in applications. The structure of

elements of IPMP Base Profile is shown in figure 5, while its semantics can be found in [7].

Fig. 6. Profiled REL elements

Table 1. REL profile elements

REL Element Restriction

Core resources At most one grant element can be used for a License

grantGroup element is excluded

AllConditions Only one validityInterval element and its children is used

exerciseLimit is mandatory

Multimedia extension Only play element is used in


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For a profiled MPEG-21 REL, our proposed profile of MPEG-21 REL also adopts the specification to provide sufficient

functionality of expressing rights upon assets without having to utilize all elements. Here, we restrict the multimedia

extension element only with Play element for each resource, thus it will restrict that a License should only have one

Grant element. Therefore no GrantGroup element is required. Only one validityInterval element and its

children, located in allCondition element are used to describe a condition for each resource. We also add an

ExerciseLimit element as the information regarding the number of times that a granted user is allowed to playback

(exercise) the content. Discarding the rest of the elements specified in MPEG-21 REL specification is possible since theyhave no required attribute. The element specifications of the proposed REL profile can be shown clearly in Figure 6,

while table 1 shows it semantics.

Archiving the process with the addition of Protecting Resource box will result in the protected resources in the MSS

MAF with MP3onMP2, JPEG images, text, LASeR script and metadata, and the outputs are then wrapped based on the

MPEG-4 File Format. Playing process with the addition of Un-protecting Resource box will require the system to parse

the information from MPEG-21 DID metadata to know which part of the information is protected and what tool has been

used. Based on this information, the un-protected block releases the protection of the associated data and processes the

resources. Based on the system architecture in Figure 1, we can specify the file format to comply with it. Figure 5 showsprotected file format for the MSS MAF.

In the file format, we can merge DID and IPMP into IPMP DIDL metadata in the same location as specified previously.

As shown in Figure 7, each resource within mdat box is mapped through Item element. The specification of MSS MAF

requires an application to refer to ref and mimeType attributes in DID Resource element to map the resource.

However, since the IPMP DIDL does not have such specification, we use the combination ofmimeType attribute from

ipmpdidl:ProtectedAsset element and ref attribute from Contents element instead. The mimeType reference in

the DIDL Resource itself is used to reflect the inclusion of a protected asset.

ftyp moov

meta trak

trak

trak

iloc/iinf

Item 1 (MP3)Item 2 (JPEG)

Item 3 (JPEG)Item 4 (text)

xml

DescriptorIPMPGeneralInfo

ToolListLicense (if any)

ItemComponent

Resource (MP3)IPMPInfo

ComponentResource (JPEG Image)

IPMPInfoComponent

Resource (JPEG Image)IPMPInfo

ComponentResource (Text)

IPMPInfoComponent

Resource (LASeR script)IPMPInfo

mdia

stbl for JPEG

mdia

stbl for MP3

mdia

stbl for Lyrics

xml

MPEG-7 SMP

mdat

JPEGs

MP3

Lyrics

1 2 3

Fig. 7. MPEG Musical Slide Show MAF file format with IPMP DIDL metadata.

The implementation of IPMP DIDL can be seen from the example in Table 2. Here, we have the metadata of MSS MAFwith protected MP3 data, five unprotected JPEG images and one set of lyrics. The protected MP3 data has a license with

the following conditions: user has granted to play the resource for 20 times during the period of January 1, 2006 until

January 1, 2007. The resource is protected using MCCBScrambler tool, a very simple example of encryption tool to


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scramble every bit inside the data, with defined settings. This tool is put inside the application to confirm simplification

of un-protecting the protected resource.

Table 2. Example of instantiation of IPMP DIDL metadata to protect an MP3 using tool named MCCBScrambler

mpeg21:IPMP:MCCB:2006

IPMPId001 20

2006-01-01T09:00:00 2007-01-01T09:00:00

IPMPId001 4 PBE Based4


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12sdsrer PCK#5

5. IMPLEMENTATION RESULTSIn this section, we present implementation results of a profiled MPEG-21 IPMP Components and MPEG-21 REL tool

set to protect the MSS MAF content. With the emphasis on how to protect and govern the MSS MAF contents, we use a

basic mode of the MSS MAF to render the text and image (that is, no animation for the slideshow and rendered text). We

begin with designing an authoring tool for creating MSS MAF contents and then show a proposed architecture of a MSS

MAF player with high level functional block diagram. We can see that the configuration of the protected MAF considersthe protection of all type of data: MP3 audio, JPEG image, text, script and metadata.

5.1 Software architectureThe software architecture of both MSS MAF authoring tool and player are described in this section. As shown in Figure

8, the software architecture of the authoring tool consists of several modules: a resource loader, a synchronizer, aprotection module, and a data writer. The process of authoring an MSS MAF content from several contents is as follows.

Firstly, the MP3 audio and JPEG image file name and its directory are added and the resources are listed. The actual files

are not yet added to the resource during this process. That is, it is possible to exclude the file(s) that is (are) in the list

from the will-be-created MAF file. The text can be added to the MAF by inserting each line of text during the playback

of the selected MP3 data. The resource synchronizer module will receive the confirmation of the synchronization made

for the JPEG images and lyrics, and bind them all together to the MP3 audio. To add a protection for the selected

resources and to define its license, the protection tool is used. It consists of a set of authoring settings: protection

confirmation, license confirmation, validity time range, and the number of exercise limit. Finally, the data for every boxin MP4 file can be written and saved into MSS MAF content.

The software architecture of the MSS MAF player is described as shown in Figure 9. The player consists of several

modules: MP4 file reader, un-protection tool, MP3 decoder, JPEG decoder, synchronizer, and display unit (Graphical

User Interface). The process of play backing resources from an MSS MAF file is as follows. Firstly, an MSS MAF file is

loaded into the MSS MAF player. The file reader module will initially confirm the file type from the value stored inside

ftyp box. If the file loaded is the type of MSS MAF (that is, a file with correct value of ftyps major_brand), then

the player continues to read moov box, and parses the data stored inside meta and trak boxes (this includes the


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5.2 Playing tool with use casesThe first case is playing an unprotected resource, as shown in Figure 10. This is a very simple case, where we have the

Musical Slideshow MAF file, consists of MP3 data, several JPEG images and a set of lyrics; without any protection.

User can freely play the resource for unlimited time within unlimited range of time.

Fig. 10. MSS MAF Player application showing unprotected resource

In the case of play backing the protected resources, as shown in Figure 11(a) and 11(b), a user can see the licenseinformation of the protected resources using the File Information button. In this example, the user has been granted to

playback the resource for 20 times during one year from January 1, 2006 until January 1, 2007. For this application, we

define the condition ofplaying content as play backing content continuously for more than 75% of the length of the

MP3 data. This means if the user playbacks the resource and listens the song more than half of it without performing

any sliding or pausing, then the usage of the MSS MAF is counted one time. In the example we can see that the user hasalready playback the content one time, therefore the file information shows the remaining times with 19 (19/20 means

the only 19 times of play backing are allowed, out of 20 times given by the license).

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Fig. 11. MSS MAF Player application showing license of protected resource (a) (b), and expired exercise limit (c) (d).

In the case of play backing the protected resource with an expired exercise license, the application still allows user to see

the unprotected JPEG images and see the file information. However the user can not playback the protected resource. Asshown in Figure 11(c) and 11(d), the user has granted 2 times of play backing the content, where the user already

playbacks the content continuously twice. When the user tries to playback the content one more time, the application will

show the message that the exercise has been expired.


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Fig. 12. MSS MAF Player application showing expired license

In the case of play backing the protected resource with an expired validity condition license, the application still allows

the user to see the unprotected JPEG images with their associated file information. However the user cannot playbacks

the protected resource. As shown in Figure 12, here we have the MSS MAF file with validity available from January 1,

2005 until July 16, 2006. The user is trying to playback the resource at July 18, 2006

In the case of play backing the protected resource with a different protection tool during the authoring process, the

application invokes a message, tells the user that the application is not able to unprotect the protected MP3 audio. This

can happen, for example, if the user tries to playback the protected MSS MAF file acquired from different authors or

producers that have used different protection tool.

6. CONCLUSIONSThe concept of combining technologies in MSS MAF enables the simplicity of managing several multimedia resources

such as MP3 audio data and JPEG images into a single file. However, there has not been any mechanism to protect and

govern the contents in MSS MAF. In this proposed paper, the proposed usage of MPEG-21 IPMP Components and REL

can be well harmonized and effectively used in the MSS MAF for protection and governance. We have shown the

implementation of an authoring tool and player for MSS MAF for protection and governance with metadata

instantiations.

REFERENCES

1. Jeongyeon Lim and Munchurl Kim, Synchronization of multiple JPEG data to MP3 tracks in Music Player MAFPlayer Format, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/ WG 11 MPEG04/m12396, Poznan, Poland, July 2005.

2. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 (MPEG), Text of ISO/IEC FCD 23000-4 Musical Slide show MAF, N8674,Hangzhou, China, October 2006.3. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 (MPEG), MAF Overview, N8511, Hangzhou, China, October 2006.4. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 (MPEG), Defect Report of ISO/IEC 23000-2 MPEG-A Music Player 2nd edition,N8582, Hangzhou, China, October 2006.

5. Houari Sabirin, Jeongyeon Lim, Hendry and Munchurl Kim, Contribution to Reference Software of ISO/IEC23000-4: MPEG Musical Slideshow Application Format, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 MPEG06/M13673, Klagenfurt,

Austria, July 2006.6. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 (MPEG), ISO/IEC FDIS 21000-4 IPMP Components, N7717, Nice, France, October2005.

7. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 (MPEG), ISO/IEC 21000-4/FPDAM 1: IPMP Component Base Profile, N8564,Hangzhou, China, October 2006.

8. ISO/IEC 14496-12: Information Technology Coding of audio-visual objects Part 12: ISO base media file format,ISO/IEC 2005.

9. ISO/IEC 2100-5: Information Technology Multimedia Framework Part 5: Rights Expression Language,ISO/IEC 2003.

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